Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Kifi mai ƙwanƙwasa |
Biyan kuɗi: | Harshen Cypriniphysi |
Superfamily: | Irin kifi-kamar |
Subtype: | Koi carps |
Koi carps (Jafananci 鯉 ko コ イ) koi) ko kuma, daidai gwargwado, kifin carp (Jap. 錦鯉 nishikigo) - Kifayen da aka yiwa kwalliyar da aka yiwa ado daga yankin Amur (Latinan hawanatopterus na Latin na Latin)Katarwa na Karerin) Ana daukar Koi carp a matsayin kifi wanda ya shude za ~ en kiwo 6, bayan haka an sanya wani rukuni.
A halin yanzu, a Japan akwai nau'ikan koi da yawa, amma ana ganin ma'aunin yana da siffofi da launuka goma sha huɗu ne kawai.
Tarihin faruwar lamarin
Kimanin shekaru 2500 da suka gabata, an kawo katunan kayayyaki zuwa kasar Sin daga yankuna kusa da Tekun Caspian. Ba a san takamaiman lokacin da kifi ya bayyana a Japan ba; rubutattun bayanan farko sun kasance ne tun ƙarni na 14 - 15th AD. e. An yi imanin cewa baƙi daga China sun kawo kifin carp ɗin Japan. Jafananci sun kira shi "Magoi" - wani irin kifin baƙar fata. Daga baya, magabatan Jafananci suka fara shuka shi a cikin tafkunan wucin gadi don cin abinci. A cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan nesa, katunan abinci galibi sune abincin abinci na furotin, misali, a Yankin Niigata.
Kiwo mai kyau
Wasu lokuta, saboda maye gurbi na halitta, wasu gawa suna nuna karkacewar launi daban-daban. Irin waɗannan kifayen tare da tsari marasa daidaituwa ba su je abinci ba ana kiyaye su saboda dalilai na kayan ado. A hankali, nadin launuka masu launin suka girma cikin sha'awar maɗaukaki. Masu mallakar kifin sun ƙetare kifin su, yayin karɓar sabbin launuka masu launi. Wannan wasan nishaɗin ya zama sananne a tsakanin 'yan kasuwa da manyan mutane kuma sannu a hankali suka bazu ko'ina cikin Japan. Nunin Tokyo Taisho na shekarar 1914 ya fara gabatar da launuka koi ga sauran jama'a. Yanzu a cikin ƙasashe da yawa akwai kulake da ƙungiyoyin masoya koi, ana gudanar da nune-nunen hotuna da nune-nunen.
Koi ingancin kimantawa
1. Tsarin jiki
- gabaɗayan iari na Koi shine nau'in kai, jiki da ƙyallen, gami da kimar danginsu.
Koarfin mace koi mai ƙarfi yana da fa'ida. Maza, a matsayinka na mai doka, asalinsa ba zai iya samun adadin adadin da ya dace wanda ya dace da shiga gasar ba. Girman girmansa da sifar su ya zama daidai yake da jiki. Siffar shugaban kada ta kasance tazara, tsayi ko mai jujjuya hanya daya. Lokacin da kake kallon koi daga bisa, jikin yakamata ya kasance mai daidaituwa a bangarorin biyu, bangare ɗaya bazai cika girma fiye da ɗayan ba.
2. Launi da tsari
- bayyanar da yanayin fatar
Haske na fata da mai zurfi da launuka masu ƙarfi ana ɗaukar farko. Hakanan ana kimanta hadewar launi da kanta. Fatar ya kamata ta haskaka tare da haske.
- ingancin launuka, alamu, gefuna na alamu da daidaita sikelin
Ya kamata a bayyana launuka masu launin. Tsabtataccen shinge, shinge mai tsattsauran ra'ayi an fi son su. Ya kamata a daidaita ma'aunin launi. Ba a yarda da wuraren "mai nauyi" a gaba ba, a tsakiya ko kuma a cikin wutsiyar kifin. Tsarin ya zama yayi daidai da jikin kifin, shine, babban kifi ya kasance yana da babban tsarin.
- bayyanar bukatun takamaiman ga kowane irin nau'in, ko kuma halayen irinsu
- hali, ko yadda koi ke rike kansa cikin ruwa da yadda yake iyo
- Tunanin da kowane koi yake dashi shine halayyar da ke tattare da duka abubuwan kimantawa
Koi rarrabuwa
Akwai nau'in koi sama da 80. Don dacewa, sun kasu kashi 16 na gaba, haɗe ɗaya ko ɗaya halaye na gama gari:
- Kohaku (Jafananci 紅白 Ko: haku)
- Taisho Sansyoku (Jafananci 大 正 三 色) Taisho: sansoku)
- Sansyoku (Japanese 三 三 色) Shou: wa sansoku)
- Utsurimono (Jafananci 写 り 物)
- Becco (Jafananci べ っ っ) Becco:)
- Tantyo (Jafananci 丹 丹) Tantyo:)
- Asagi (浅黄)
- Shusui (Jafananci 秋 翠) Xu: Sui)
- Coromo (Jafananci 衣)
- Kinginrin (Jafananci 金 銀鱗)
- Kavarimono (Jafananci 変 わ り 物)
- Wuta (Jafananci. Game da: gon)
- Hikari-moyomono (Jafananci 光 模樣 者)
- Gosiki (jap. 五色)
- Kumonryu (九 紋 竜) Kumonryu:)
- Doytsu-goyi (ド イ ツ 鯉)
Asali
Akwai wata ka'ida da aka tabbatar da ka'idar karya cewa irin wannan kifayen irin kifi ba asalin bane, wanda halittarsa yayi, wanda yake zaune a matsayin rijiyoyin ruwa na yanzu. A bayyane yake, ya bayyana ga aikin kiwo mai daukar hoto wanda ya danganta da gatan kogin daji, gidan kakanninsu wanda yake kudu da China da kuma Caspian. Wannan ba daidai bane Kifin kifi na daji koyaushe yana da nau'ikan kogin da tafkin, wanda ya bambanta da yanayin jikin mutum. Kifayen, a koyaushe suna rayuwa ne a kan hanzarin wadatar oxygen, suna da ƙanƙan-rai kamar kuma suna daɗewa. Kayan guda ɗaya ne, kewayon wanda ya faɗi akan kwanciyar hankali kuma mai wadataccen ɗakunan ruwa tare da ƙaramin manyan masu farauta, da sauri suka sami nauyi, suka yi girma kuma suka girma.
Tsarin tafkin ne, wanda a tarihi ya saba da rayuwa cikin yanayin karancin iskar oxygen, ba tare da wani canjin zabi ba, mutum ya gabatar da shi a jikin ruwa da yawa a Turai, Asiya, Arewacin Amurka. Batun inganta nau'ikan halittu masu ilimin halitta akan sikelin sashi ya tashi ne kawai a cikin shekaru 150-200 da suka gabata kuma ya haifar da fitowar nau'ikan asali da kuma nau'ikan halittu.
Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa kalmar "kifin" ba shi da tushe a kimiyance kuma an ƙirƙira shi a ƙarni na 19 tare da hasken ikon sanannen marubucin litattafai akan kamun kifi da farauta, Sergei Aksakov. Marubucin Ufa galibi yakan ziyarci ƙaramin garin sa, inda ya halarci halayen kwana-kwana a cikin ƙauyukan. A yayin daya daga cikin tafiye-tafiyen zuwa babbar kotun kogin Kama, Kogin Agidel (Kogin Belaya), ya faru da kama gawawwakin daji. Maigadin yankin, Bashkirs, ya kira su ɗan kifi, wanda a fassararsa daga harshen Turkic na nufin "kifin da aka satar." Bayan wallafe-wallafen marubucin, kalma mai ɗorewa ta sami tushe a cikin mutane, amma daga ra'ayi na ilimin kimiyyar halittar dabbobi, gwanayen daji da na gida sune jinsi ɗaya (Cyprinus carpio).
Tsarin tafkin ya yadu, yana da mahimmanci kuma yana kasuwanci; shine wakilin asali na abubuwan halittar da ake kira carp na kowa. Ga masu harajin, ana yin amfani da wasu zane-zane a hukumance - na hali, zinare, banɗaki. Sau da yawa a rayuwar yau da kullun akwai sunan da aka aro daga tsohuwar yaren Slavonic - korop.
Bayyanuwa da girma
Talaka irin kifi yana da halayyar sa, mai sauƙin ganewa a waje, ya bambanta da sauran:
- lokacin farin ciki, dogaye, matsakaici mai tsawo,
- babban abu, mai sikeli mai dacewa da sikeli mai duhu tare da yin duhu (32-41 a layin gefe),
- gwal mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi,
- haske a ciki,
- wata babbar madaidaiciya, ƙaramin ƙananan bakin da za a iya jan zuwa cikin bututu,
- nau'i biyu daga ƙarami, ingantaccen ingantattun eriya akan leɓon babba,
- manyan idanu masu kananan yara da kananan koren gilashi,
- duhu baya tare da dogon notched fin wani launin toka-zaitun hue (3-4 wuya haskoki da 17-22 haskoki),
- sau biyu.
Jikin kifin yana yalwa da gamsai, wanda ke rage cunkoso na ruwa, yana inganta thermoregulation kuma yana kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta. Carp yana da girma mai nauyi da nauyi. A hukumance an rubuta shari'o'in kama mutane sama da kilogram 55 tare da tsawon tsayin mita ɗaya da rabi. Amma a cikin kamalayen talakawa, matasa (2-7 years) masu nauyin 1-5 kg sun fi dacewa su ci nasara. An san nau'in jinsin na tsawon shekaru 40-50, kuma wasu nau'ikan kayan adon sun sami damar shawo kan iyakan shekarun ɗari ko sama da haka.
Bajamushe mai shekaru 70 ya ƙunshi irin kifi a cikin tafkin gidansa, wanda ya gada kuma ya cika shekaru 35 da maigidan. Mazaunin Land of Rising Sun yana ɗaukar kifi a matsayin dangi, kuma ya ƙi sayar da shi don dala miliyan da yawa (kusan $ 20,000).
Rarraba da wuraren zama
Yankin kifi yana kunshe da Turai, Tsakiya da Yammacin Asiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya da mafi yawancin yankuna na wurare masu ƙarfi da latin kudu. A Rasha, korop yanki ne mai ruwa a cikin ruwa mai ruwan Black, Azov, Baltic, Caspian, Jafanawa, da Okhotsk tekun. Fiye da mazaunin wuraren da aka fi so shine tsaftataccen tafki ko ƙarancin ruwa, rafukan ambaliyar ruwa, tafkunan ruwa, wuraren sarrafa ruwa da wuraren ajiya tare da yalwar ciyayi da taushi, yumbu, yashi ko ƙasa mai kyau. Ingantaccen zurfin zaman shine mita 2-10. Mazauna matsakaita suna da mahimmanci ga kifi, saboda haka ya ƙi buɗewa tare da shimfiɗar ɗakin kwana, ya fi son wuraren da ramuka, fitila mafi girma ko tsirrai masu iyo, iyo ruwa, da kuma ciyawar daji.
Menene irin kifin ke ci
Kifi wani abu ne mara ma'ana kuma benthophage ne mai iko duka. Na'urar bakin magana ta musamman tana ba ku damar iyawa da sauri kuma ta iya sarrafa abubuwan da ke ƙasa da laushi. Hannun hakoran da ke nunawa, leɓunan daɗaɗɗa masu yawa suna dacewa sosai don kamawa da niƙa daga abinci mai ƙarfi. Tushen abincin irin kifayen sune:
- larvae, tsutsotsi, crustaceans,
- mollusks, kwari, tadpoles,
- caviar na amphibians da sauran kifi,
- hatsi, kayan lambu, ruwan teku,
- harbe na tsire-tsire, detritus, leeches.
Abinda aka fi so shine cingfish da sha'ir. Sau da yawa a wuraren da ake samun kifayen kabari, zaku iya jin halayyar fashewar llsarwo, wanda ke haifar da rudani game da mala'iku marasa ƙwarewa. Manyan mutane sun kama abin da ake soyawa, amma ba su farautarsu ba. Godiya ga ingantacciyar hanyar sauraren jin magana da antennae, crowukwalwa suna jin ana jin saukar jini a cikin ƙasa ko kuma fashewar kwari a saman ruwa daga nesa mita 10 - 20.
Siffofin rayuwa
A lokacin karami, kifin ya mantar da halayen makaranta. Yayinda suke girma kuma suna ƙaruwa da bukatun abinci, suna motsawa zuwa ƙaramin rukuni ko kuma salon rayuwa mai kaɗaici. Ayyukan ilimin halittar jinsunan suna faruwa ne a cikin lokacin dumi daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Farkon hauhawar abinci ta fari ya faɗi a cikin watan Yuni, lokacin da kifayen ke fama da su bayan da suke jujjuyawar zuwa jujjuya abincin. Tare da farkon zafi zafi da matsanancin dumama na ruwa, lokacin hutawa an karkata shi zuwa dare, amma a cikin ruwa, yanayin hadari yana iya neman abinci kullun.
A watan Agusta-Satumba, guguwa na biyu na zhor yana farawa, wanda ke ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba kuma yana da alaƙa da tara tarin makamashi don hunturu. A wannan lokacin, kifin ba shi da kulawa kuma ya fi mai da hankali ga neman abinci. Halin rashin daidaituwa sau da yawa yana ƙare da kamawarsa - shi ne farkon da tsakiyar kaka wanda manyan kamafirai ke kawo wa mahaukata. A lokacin sanyi, korop yakan ciyar da kannun rakumi tare da karamin rago. Bayan ɓacewa cikin manyan makarantu tare da sauran nau'ikan cyprinids, yana cikin tashin hankali kuma kusan ba ya ciyarwa.
Kiwo
Don haɓaka ƙwai, ana buƙatar isasshen zafin jiki na + 18-20 ° C, saboda haka keɓaɓɓen ƙwayar carp yana faruwa a ƙarshen, yawanci a ƙarshen May, farkon Yuni. Mace da ke da shekaru 6 zuwa 5 da haihuwa ta samu “saurayi”, baƙi, kuma tana zuwa ga ruwa mara-nauyi (40-60 cm), cike da ciyayi mai laushi. An yiwa Caviar alama ta kwana-kwana na kwanaki 2-4. Jimlar clutches daga mace ɗaya shine ƙwai miliyan 0.2-1.0. Lokacin lokacin haihuwar ya kasance sau 3-6. Siyarda larvae da aka sakewa na kwanaki na a wani wuri mai tsinkaye, suna karɓar abubuwan da suke buƙatuwa daga jakar gwaiduwa. Swallowauka mai haɗuwa yana fara ciyar da abinci tare da zooplankton da ƙananan crustaceans.
Irin kifin
Akwai wata fahimta game da cewa kifin kifi nau'in halitta ne wanda asalinsa asalinsa wanda asalinsu shine irin kifi.
Irin wannan imani ba daidai bane. A zahirin gaskiya, gawawwaki koyaushe ana samun gawa a jikin ruwan shan ruwa. Wadancan nau'ikan kifin da ke rayuwa a ruwa mai sanyin jiki suna da laushi, jikin elongated. Tsarin Lacustrine da ke rayuwa a jikin matattun ruwa tare da tushen abinci mai zurfi a hankali sun sami nauyi kuma suka ƙaru sosai. Wannan nau'in ya fara ne a cikin tafkunan China, daga inda ya bazu ko'ina cikin Eurasia. A halin yanzu, babban kifin ruwan da yake rayuwa a cikin ruwa har yanzu ana ɗaukar su kamar gawa ne.
Akwai nau'ikan irin kifi da yawa:
- Kifin ƙwayar cuta. Jinsin ya fi yawa. Ana kuma kiranta scaly, kifin gwal, da sauransu. Jikin yana da girma, ya zagaye, an rufe shi da ma'auni. Launin ya kusanci zinare ko launin ruwan kasa, ana samun samfuran duhu. Wannan nau'in nau'in ne wanda shine tushen ci gaba a cikin yanayin artificial.
- Kifin madubi. Musamman nau'in kiwo, wanda aka goge a Jamus a karni kafin ƙarshe. Daya daga cikin jinsunan da suka fi girma. Sikeli ba ya kuɓutar da jiki baki ɗaya, amma ɓangaren ɓangaren ne kawai ko kuma yana kan layin tsakiyar jikin. Sikeli suna da girma sosai, masu dumin gaske, masu kama da kananan madubai (saboda haka asalin sunan).
- Naked (fata) fata kifin. Sunan yayi magana don kansa. A jikin wannan nau'in kifin carp a zahiri babu sikeli. Wannan nau'in ba kamar kowa ba ne saboda wasu, saboda karuwar cutarwar sa da kamuwa da cuta da cututtukan fata.
- Kayan daji. Ana samun wannan nau'in na musamman a cikin yanayi na halitta. Yana rayuwa a cikin ruwa ruwa kawai tare da ruwa mai gudana, saboda ba zai iya wanzu a yanayin yanayin yunwar oxygen ba. Jikin naman kifi na daji yana da matukar elongated kuma an rufe shi da gamsai. Tsarin muck yana da wasu kamanceceniya da irin kifi irin.
- Koi Carp (Jafananci Carp). Jafananci sun shahara saboda ƙaunar kiwo da kifin ornamental. Sakamakon zaɓe, sun sami damar samun ingantattun nau'ikan carps na abinci mai tsafta. Waɗannan kifayen da aka gani suna launin ja da fari launuka. Alamar ƙwayar cuta suna kama da kifin daji ko na al'ada.
Akwai ma mafi rare iri na irin kifi iyali: Sipese irin kifi, irin kifi, crucian irin kifi. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan tsari ne.
Girmar kifin
Girman irin kifi yana dogara sosai akan iri-iri. Motsin daji ba ya girma zuwa girma gwargwado. Matsakaicin nauyin mutane shine kilogram 3-4, amma kamun kifi a kifin ba zai iya faɗi ba;
Karnukan kogi sun fi girma. Matsakaicin nauyi 3-7 kg. Amma akwai takaddun bayanan da aka samu na kama wani ɗan ƙaramin kifin tafkin wanda ya wuce kilogram 55. Kifin carbi na yau da kullun ya fi girma fiye da madubi ɗaya. Yawan Jafananci ba sa girma zuwa manyan masu girma dabam. Matsakaicin nauyin 1-2 kilogiram.
Tsarin kiftawa
Kwakwalwa suna isa ga balaga Maza sun sami damar haifuwa a shekara ta uku ta rayuwarsu, kuma mace kawai ta cika shekaru biyar.
Carp spawning na faruwa a ƙarshen, a cikin marigayi Mayu - farkon Yuni. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa ruwan dole yayi ɗumi zuwa zafin jiki na + 18 ° C. Idan marmaro ya juya ya zama mai sanyi, to kifin zai iya zama cikin tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Don tsalle-tsalle, mace tana zaɓar ruwa mara zurfi, inda zurfin bai wuce rabin mitir ba. Yayin hatsarin kifin carp, zaku iya lura da ƙarancin manyan thatan adam waɗanda ke ƙura cikin ruwa mara zurfi.
Kafin tsallakewa, Matar ta samu “leman Gashi” da yawa waɗanda ke tare da ita ko'ina. Wajen yin yaren da yakamata ya kamata a sami cikewar algae mai kauri ko ciyawa, wanda za'a sanya caviar carpar. Icrome yana faruwa a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Mace suna saka ƙwai a faɗuwar rana har safiya.
Tsarin Kwai
Keɓaɓɓu keɓaɓɓu keɓaɓɓu a cikin Eurasia. Gidajen nau'ikan karnukan daji suna cikin ruwa ne kawai, saboda suna buƙatar ma'aunin oxygen mai kyau.
Iri dake cikin tafkin yana da kyau a cikin ruwa mai tsafta. Zai iya zama tafkunan ruwa, tafkuna, tafki na wucin gadi. Tsarin Lacustrine nau'in thermophilic ne, saboda haka, ba a samun su a cikin yankuna na arewacin.
Madubi da nau'in talakawa na iya rayuwa a cikin gurɓataccen ruwan laka. Wannan bai shafi lafiyar su ba.
A lokacin bazara, kawuna sun fi son wuraren da ke cike da warke tare da zurfin da basu wuce 5 m. An zabi kasan da silima ko yumbu.
Irin kifin rayuwar mutum
Irin kifin yana da salon rayuwar birgewa. Yarinyar yana girma cikin garken tumaki, da kuma manya mutane suna zaune cikin kaɗaici, amma har yanzu suna kiyaye danginsu. Matsakaicin girma yana iyo a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, a cikin dunƙule na algae. Manyan kifin suna zaune cikin zurfi, suna tashi zuwa ƙasa kawai don neman abinci.
Karkuna masu zaman kansu ne masu yawan jikin ruwa, ba batun yin hijira. Gurinsu inuwa ne da duhun dare.Murmushin hasken rana ba tare da algae ba gare su.
Irin kifi ana ciyar da safe da maraice. Wani lokacin neman abinci na iya tsallakewa daga cikin ruwa. Yana aikatawa ba zato ba tsammani, ya bar abubuwa masu yawa da manyan da'irori akan ruwa.
Karkuna ba m bane. Basu taba raba yanki, abinci ko mace ba. Muhimmin fasalin wannan kifin shine ikon ganin komai a kusa da kuma gane launuka.
A cikin hunturu, kifin suna cikin tashin hankali. Suna zuwa zurfin zurfi, an rufe su da babban farin ciki na gamsai kuma suna barci. Farkawa tana faruwa ne kawai a lokacin bazara, lokacin da ruwan zafin ya kai 8-10 ° C.
Tsarin rayuwar kifin
Bayan mace ta dage qwai, kuma namiji ya sanyata cikin ciki, rayuwar rayuwar kifin zata fara. Kimanin mako guda bayan haka, ƙarancin larvae ƙyanƙyashe daga qwai (babu fiye da 5 mm). Kwanaki 10 na farko da suke ciyarwa akan jaka mai launin shuɗi, wanda ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata na abinci. Lokacin da kwai gwaiduwa ya ɓace, soya zai fara ciyar da kansu.
Matasa suna rayuwa musamman a cikin ciyawa da ciyawa. Irin kifi yana girma da sauri, a cikin shekara yakan girma zuwa 20cm kuma nauyinsa ya kai 500g. A cikin shekaru biyu na rayuwa, kifin rigaya ya rigaya ya wuce kilogram. A shekaru uku, maza sun zama manya, maza kuma biyar. Lokacin farawa yana farawa.
Rayuwar irin kifi itace matsakaita tsawon shekaru 3-8. A wurare masu nisa inda babu masunta, kifayen za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30 ko fiye.
Hanyoyi don kama kifin
Hanyoyin kama kifi ba karamin aiki ba ne, musamman idan kifayen manya ne. Babban doka shi ne cewa maganin dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi kuma abin dogaro don jure haɗarin babban kifi.
Kwanan nan, kifin kifi a kan mai talla ya shahara sosai. Na'urar mai sauki ce:
- sanda mai wuya (250-300cm),
- Spinning Reel
- nauyi ciyarwa. Tana taka rawar diyo,
- leashes da ƙugiya. Ana iya haɗe su zuwa "dutsen",
- cizo
Wajibi ne a cika ƙullin cikin mai ba da abinci (yawanci shinfida ne ko wasu kayan shuka). Yin amfani da sanda na kamun kifi, mai ciyarwa, tare da ƙugiya, an jefa shi cikin tafkin. An sanya alamar nuna cizo a kan matatar kamun kifi. Komai, zaku iya shakatawa ku jira siginar. Masu ciyarwa suna zuwa dabam dabam. Mafi nauyi, da kara zaka iya jefa shi.
Donka-zakidushka watakila shine mafi tsufa kuma hanya mafi inganci don kama kifin. Na'urar mafi sauki kamar haka:
- tare,
- babban layin kamun kifi (tsawon ya dogara da takamaiman tafki, amma ya fi dacewa a sha tare da gefe),
- 'yan leashes da ƙugiya,
- nauyi mai shara (yana ba da damar haɗaya a wuri guda)
- cizo
Hanyar kamun kifi mai sauki ne. Ana jefa layin kamun kifi tare da matattara da kuma makoshi akan wurin da aka doshi. A kan babban layi kuna buƙatar haɗa na'urar siginar cizo. Hakanan za'a iya haɗe wannan gear tare da sanda tare da ma'aunin tef.
Jirgin kamun kifi shima ya shahara yayin kamun kifi.
A gare ta, kuna buƙatar irin wannan kaya:
- sanda mai ƙarfi (5-6 m). Zai fi kyau kada a adana shi, saboda lokacin da ake kula da manya, takaddara za ta iya fashewa,
- tashin hankali kama
- taso kan ruwa,
- yanke pellets don daidai jigilar ruwa na taso kan ruwa,
- ƙugiya
- kamun kifi Babban ya kamata ya fi kauri, akan leashes - mai fizgewa.
Mun dasa koto, jefa maƙarƙashiyar a cikin wurin da aka doya kuma jira don cizo.
Wadannan sune hanyoyi guda uku da suka shahara wajen kamun kifin. Dogaro da yankin, kaya na iya samun fasali mai ƙira.
Carp Bait
Katun gwaiba ya kasu kashi uku ne:
- Asalin Shuka. Waɗannan sun haɗa da masara da Peas, wani lokacin zaka iya amfani da sha'ir mai sha'ir. Cokali mai ɗanɗano da gurasa sun tabbatar da kansu sosai.
- Asalin dabbobi. Waɗannan sune tsutsotsi iri iri, tsutsotsi na jini, caterpillars, nama. A matsayinka na mai mulki, irin wannan koto yana da tasiri a tsakiyar lokacin bazara.
- Asalin wucin gadi. Waɗannan duk nau'ikan kwari ne, mormyshki, da dai sauransu Yanzu zaka iya samun irin wannan baits a cikin shagunan.
Yawancin masu sayan kifin mota suna yin nasu kayan.
Karkarin kiftawa
Theoyan da suka dace don katanga shine rabin nasarar. Wurin ya kamata a wadatar da shi sosai, babu buƙatar ajiyewa akan wannan.
Kowane masunta yana da girke-girke na kansa. Zan yi magana game da mafi sauki kuma mafi inganci.
Masara + sha'ir sha'ir + cake + dandano. Irin kifi da gaske kamar ƙanshi ne na hatsi na acidified ko Legumes na takin. Sabili da haka, muna dafa wannan hanyar: jiƙa masara da sha'ir a cikin ruwa na awa 12. Bayan haka sai mu malale ruwan, mu daɗa ɗanɗano mai da tafas ɗin mai, haɗawa. Duk koto suna shirye. Girke-girke mai sauki ne, amma babu ƙarancin tasiri.
Peas + masara + dandano. Peas yana buƙatar shafawa tsawon kwana ɗaya, yayin da ake buƙatar canza ruwan. Lokacin da peas ya shirya, dole ne a haɗe shi tare da masara kuma ƙara ɗanɗano kayan yaji.
Carp dandano mai kyau kuma ana buƙatar zaɓin shi daidai. Musamman mai kyau shine: tafarnuwa, zuma, caramel, vanilla.
Karancin abinci
Kuna iya dafa abinci da yawa daga irin kifi:
- gasa irin kifi - zaku iya gasa a cikin tsare, a kan gasa, tare da kayan lambu, tare da biredi iri-iri. Koyaushe kifin zai zama mai girma. Ba abin kunya bane a sanya irin wannan kwano a kan teburin cin abinci,
- kunne - daga irin kifi zaka iya dafa mai da wadataccen abinci a cikin dafa abinci ko a gona,
- cutlets - dayan kifi daga kifin kogi - mai lafiyayyen abinci da abinci,
- soyayyen irin kifi - soyayyen irin kifi a cikin kwanon rufi ba zai bar kowa ba da damuwa. Miko nama tare da kayan yaji kawai narke a bakinku.
Dafa abinci daga kifi yana da sauƙi, har ma da uwar gida mai novice za ta iya magance ta.
Kifin kalori
Kayan kifi shine kifin kogi, saboda haka sinadarin calorie dinsa ba mai tsayi bane. Kalori na kifin carp shine 112 kcal / 100g. Wannan ya shafi dafaffen kifi ko steamed. Fry kifin mai yawa yana da adadin kuzari.
A kowane hali, irin kifi yana da kyau sosai don koshin lafiya ko abinci mai kyau. Abubuwan da mutane da aka kama cikin daji suna da lafiya sosai fiye da a cikin tafkunan baka.
Siffofi da mazauninsu
Kati koi kifi ne na musamman. Kakanninsa ba su da alamar taimakon Amur. A halin yanzu, kafin samun wani nau'in, kifi yana buƙatar wucewa ta jerin kiwo 6.
Kimanin shekaru 2000 da suka gabata, kifin ya bayyana a kasar Sin, duk da cewa mahaifar asali ce koi carp la'akari da Japan. A nan, farkon ambaton kifin kwanan wata yana ƙarni na 14th. Da farko, ana amfani da wannan nau'in abinci kawai. Daga nan mutane suka fara siye shi da iznin sayarwa, amma, kuma, a cikin rawar samfurin kayan abinci.
Koyaya, sabawa daga launi da aka saba da irin kifin ya faru lokaci-lokaci. An sa wakilan wannan nau'in, suna da launi mara kyau, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kasance da rai kuma ya ƙaura daga wuraren ajiyar halitta zuwa wuraren waha da wuraren shakatawa don faranta wa mutum ido.
A hankali, mutane suka fara zuwa ga aikin adabi na launuka masu launin launi. Masu mallakar irin wannan kifin da ba a san su ba, waɗanda maye gurbi ya faru a cikin dabbobin daji, sun haye su a tsakani, da karɓar sababbin launuka.
Don haka, koi carp ya rayu har zuwa zamaninmu kuma ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu son dabbobi masu ruwa da ruwa. Na zamani kifayen japani Tafiya tsari mai wahala. Girman girma da siffar ƙyallen da jikin sa, da ingancin fata da zurfin launi, iyakokin launi, idan akwai da yawa, ana duba ingancin alamuran. Hakanan, koi ya sami alamar yadda yake iyo.
A gasa, duk maki da aka karɓa don wani siga an haɗa su kuma an zaɓi mai nasara. A halin yanzu, ƙasashe da yawa suna gudanar da irin waɗannan nune-nunen kuma suna nuna sadaukarwa ga koi carps. Namu ne wuraren zama na yau da kullun, kuma ingancin ruwa ga kifi ba shi da matukar muhimmanci har zuwa yau. Tabbas, koi carp, sabanin magabatarta, yana rayuwa takamaiman a cikin tsaftatattun kayan adon mutum.
Yana da jiki mai tsawo, mara nauyi. Murfin yana tatsuniyoyi ta hancin biyu, yana aiki azaman gabobi. Ana nunawa Koi rashin kasancewar Sikeli, saboda shi yana haskakawa sosai. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan katanga guda 80. Kowane yana da launinsa da tsarinsa. Abin da ya sa kenan hoto na koi carp mai haske da bambance bambancen.
Halin hali da salon rayuwa
An yi imani da cewa kowane kifi yana da nasa halin mutum. Hakanan, a kan lokaci, ruwa yakan zama ruwan sa kuma zai iya sanin mutumen su. Idan kun yi ƙoƙari kaɗan, kuna iya horarwa irin kifi koi karba daga hannun mai shi.
Abinda aka saba dashi shine irin kifi wanda yasan mutumin sa, zai iya iyo zuwa jikin shi ya bada kansa izinin bugun jini. Wannan kifin dabbobi ne na yau da kullun waɗanda ke kawo farin ciki kuma suna buƙatar ƙaramin ƙoƙari don kulawa.
Koi suna da halin kwantar da hankula, kada ku nuna fitina ga juna, ko ga mutane, ko kifayen wani jinsi. Za a iya horarwa. Tsawon kifin zai kai 80 santimita. Kifi da sauri ke tsiro cikin yanayi mai kyau. Zuwa koi carp a cikin akwatin kifaye Ya ji daɗi, ya buƙaci babban sarari don wasanninta na kyauta.
Hoto kifin koi a cikin akwatin kifaye
Abin da ya sa, ba da girman kifin ba, ya fi kyau a ajiye shi a cikin tafkin mara amfani. Koi yana tsinkaye zurfin santimita 50, amma bai fadi zurfi sama da mita da rabi ba, don haka bai kamata ku sa tanki mai zurfi sosai ba. Kifin yana jin daɗin yanayin kewayon yanayin zafi - daga 15 zuwa 30 digiri Celsius. Karancin kifin hunturu ya zama baya aiki da kasala.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Koi carps a cikin kandami
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ciyar yana faruwa sau biyu ko uku a rana. Tsarin ciki baya barin kifin ya narke abinci mai yawa nan da nan. Saboda haka, maigidan wannan irin abincin dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa rukunin sa baya wucewa.
Akwai dokar da ba a bayyana ba wanda ke taimakawa ciyar da kifin - idan mutum ɗaya ya ciyar kimanin minti 10 cin abinci ɗaya, to, komai yana tafiya lafiya. Idan kifin ya fi ƙarfin sauri fiye da a cikin mintuna 10 - babu isasshen abinci. Kuma idan kifin yana ɗaukar yanki ɗaya na tsawon minti 10, to, maigidan ya rinjaye shi, wanda bai kamata a kyale shi ba.
Don adana haske da jikewar launi, an shawarci kifin don bayar dap da kuma shrimp bushe. Wasu masu katako suna fi son abinci na musamman wanda ake cakuda fenti.
Wannan rina baya cutar da kifi, saboda yana da wadataccen abinci na abinci. Koyaya, yana haɓaka haske da launi, wanda ke sa irin wannan sabon kirin da ya fi ban sha'awa da kuma kyan gani.
Za a iya ciyar da tsofaffin carps abinci na mutum. Misali, ingantattun kayan lambu, hatsi, kankana, apples and pears. Lokacin amfani da abincin ɗan adam, kuna buƙatar kulawa da hankali game da abin da dabbobi ke amfani da su don gano haƙuri na mutum, in da akwai.
Hakanan, babban kifin ba zai ƙi tsutsa ba, bugun jini da sauran abinci na rayuwa. Bayan yakai kilo kilogram 10 na abinci, ana bada shawarar ciyar da sau 4 a rana, baya wuce gram 500 a rana. Yana da amfani ga dabbobi su shirya rana ɗaya ta azumi kowace mako.