Gilashin Rasberi
A cikin yankin tsakiyar Rasha, nau'ikan gilashin guda huɗu, mafi yawan nau'ikan lambunanmu, sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Zamu yi bayanin su a cikin sake karatun mu a hankali.
Babban falo
Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, babban filin akwatin poplar gilashi akasari akan poplar. Malam buɗe ido yana da fuka-fukan da ya kai kimanin milimita 45 da wani baƙar fata mai ratsin rawaya. Kwakwalwarta, da kuma adadin ƙwai daga mace ɗaya ya kai 1200, a hankali suna shafan ɓarnar ɓarnar poplars, wanda daga nan zai karye daga ƙaramin iska mai ƙarfi, yana lalata wasu tsirrai ko gine-gine a cikin lambun ko abubuwan amfani, kamar layin wutar lantarki ko wayoyin tarho. .
Itace Apple
Akwatin gilashin itacen apple-itace yana da kamannin launuka iri-iri, tare da fuka-fukai masu kunkuntar sosai ga masu kamshi, wanda, ƙari ga haka, ƙanana kaɗan da girmansa zuwa millimita 22 kawai. Akan jikin kwari na kwari akwai jan band. Yawan haihuwar mace qwai 250 ne.
A bisa ka’idodin su, gilashin itacen-apple mai rai ne gabaɗaya, ban da itacen tuffa kanta, hakanan yana shafar wasu bishiyoyi fruitan itace, kamar:
Bayanin
Maƙanganun ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ne, ƙasa da matsakaici, tare da fuka-fukan 10 10 mm. Jikin ya fi kauri ko kauri. Fuka fukafukan suna da fadi, galibi m Kafafu suna da tsawo, suna da yawa a cikin bayyanar, sun yi kama da wasu kwari da yawa na hymenopteran (manyan shari'oin gilashi suna kama da wasps). A tashi da yamma.
Caterpillars suna girma a cikin kututtura da kuma rassan bishiyoyi da shishiyoyi, wasu a cikin tushen ko kuma a cikin tushen tsirrai.
Currant
Currant gilashin gida - kwaro na ja, fari da baki currants, kazalika da gooseberries. Wannan karamin malam buɗe ido tare da fikafikanti wanda yakai 20 milimita sosai yayi kama da zanzaro.
Musamman, akwatin-gilashin ya girma da kyau a kan currant na tsohuwar da kuma watsi da masu. Tsoffin rassan wannan bishiyar don wannan kwaro sune ainihin abincin aljanna da kyakkyawan ɗakunan kwana.
Shawara! Gudanar da tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace na yau da kullun na tsire-tsire, cire cire tsofaffin kuma a kullun juya harbe. Biya kulawa ta musamman ga rassan bushewa kwatsam - wannan alama ce ta halakar lalacewar tsutsayar gilashi!
Rasberi
Gilashin Rasberi itace ta keɓe keɓaɓɓen bishiyar da muke so a cikin Berry, banda ita kuma tana shafar dangi - blackberries. Malam buɗe ido ya sanya ƙwai ɗari biyu a ƙasa kusa da bushes da ƙananan harbe. Hatching larvae cizo a cikin mai tushe kuma a hankali tashi sama a cikin su.
A cikin mai tushe, waɗannan caterpillars sannan suna hibernate, wanda ke haifar da ra'ayin yadda ake ma'amala da kwalabe gilashi akan raspberries. Lokacin dasa shuki na gyaran iri akan shinge tare da cikakken yankewa daga manyan harbe da konewar su da suka biyo baya, zamu hana kwaro kwaro na wuraren hunturu.
Yin rigakafin
Domin kada kuyi amfani da babban ƙoƙari a nan gaba don yaƙar rasberi ko wasu gilashi, yakamata ku adana lambun ku, don guje wa tarin rassan bushe da lalatattun abubuwa, shara da sauran wuraren da za a ba wa kwari damar zama daban.
Game da wannan, yakamata a gudanar da ayyukan yau da kullun akan rukunin yanar gizon:
- tsabtace mutum ya bushe, ya lalace da rassa da harbe-harbe,
- a kan currants, anti-tsufa gilashin an cika shi da anti-tsufa clipping na tsofaffin rassan,
- girbi da yankan yanke da mai tushe kashe-site ko kona su,
Tuna! Zai fi kyau a hana duk wata matsala da a ce a yaƙe ta da ƙarfin hali!
Yaki
Idan hakane matakan kariya basu taimaka ba, ko kunyi watsi dasu ba, ya kamata ku koma ga aikin soja. Mafi mahimmancin ma'auni akan gilashin shine pruning. idan akan raspberries ya isa kawai a yanke bushes zuwa raka, sannan suna yi daban da currant:
- Mun yanke ƙarshen reshe ɗin da muke tuhuma kuma duba yanki.
- Idan zuciyar ta shafa, yanke yan ƙasa a ƙasa har zuwa lokacin da zuciyar take haske.
- Game da batun yayin da shan kashi ya zama tartsatsi, mun yanke shuka gaba daya a cikin bege cewa tushen harbi zai yi toho kuma daji zai murmure.
Insecticides, duka halittu da sunadarai, zasu kuma taimaka. Kuna iya amfani da irin wannan mafita mai ruwa-ruwa:
- Fitoverm - 2 grams a kowace lita,
- "Lepidocide" - 2-3 grams,
- “Akarin” - 2 grams,
- “Bitoxibacillin” - gram 8-10.
Shawara! Lokacin da ake kula da tsirrai tare da magunguna, tuna don kare fata da ƙwayar numfashi!
An kammala bidiyo mai kyau game da gilashin rasberi ta rahotonmu a yau:
Qwai mai tabarau
Qwai a cikin shari'ar gilashin suna da sihiri na yau da kullun, launin ruwan kasa mai haske a launi.
Gilashin Maɓallin Bututu (Sesiidae).
A saman fuskarsu akwai wani abu mai kama da kayan kwalliya, wanda za'a iya lura dashi lokacin da ake bincika kwai a gilashin ƙara girmanwa. Ya danganta da yawan zafin jiki, qwai gilashin-gilashin suna haɓaka kwanaki 10-20.
Gilashin Gilashi
Tsutuwar gilashin tana kama da sanƙara mai ɗamara. A tsayin daka, ya kai milimita 25. Shugaban tsutsa yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. A jiki an haɗa ƙafafu biyu.
Gilashin gilashin ba ta yi kama da mai malam buɗe ido na yau da kullun.
Nan da nan bayan an haifi matafila, sai ya hau zuwa tsakiyar cibiyar reshen. A cikin rassan bakin ciki, tana yin motsawa kuma tana motsawa zuwa ga lokacin da ya fi kauri. A cikin mummunan yanayi, yanayin rayuwar waƙa yana iya ɗaukar shekaru 2.
Gilashin gilashin suna ci ainihin rassan. Caterpillars na hunturu na biyu da na uku, sannan kuma a sake fara ciyar da yadda ya kamata. A watan Mayu, wasun su dalibi, yayin da wasu suka shiga cikin tushe na reshe da hunturu a karo na biyu.
Glassbasket ya fi kama da zanzaro.
Maballin ya juya ya zama kamar fure a farkon lokacin bazara lokacin da 'ya'yan itace da ciyawar bishiyoyi ke yin fure. Pupae ya inganta a cikin makonni 3-4. Sannan wani sabon dattijo ya bayyana.
Gilashin Gilashi
A cikin manya, waɗannan malam buɗe ido ba su da sikeli a jikin fikafikan, saboda haka fuka-fukan gilashin-shari'oin suna da amana, kuma shine halayensu. A cikin bayyanar, gilashin-gilashi sunyi kama da wasps. Har ila yau suna tashi kamar sauri. Mimicry yana taimaka wa vitrines su rayu, saboda yana tsoratar da masu tsinkayen. A wannan batun, gilashin zai iya tashi da rana. Mimicry ya shafi kamannin kayan marmari kaɗai, kuma tsarin na ciki baya tasiri.
Mai riƙe gilashin kan fure.
Wadannan baƙin ƙarfe suna da ƙananan girma a cikin girman - fikafikan su shine santimita 1-5. Jikin sassan shari'ar gilashi mai kauri ne, yana da dogayen kafafu kuma ya zuga su.
Lalacewar gilashin
Kwalaye na gilashin apple sune kwari mai haɗari. Babbar malam buɗe ido ta shafi yawancin 'ya'yan itace da dutse da amfanin gona na pome. Suna zaune a sararin samaniya tsakanin itace da itace. A cikin bishiyoyi, matafila suna yin iska, tsayi tsayi.
Wadannan malam buɗe ido suna lalata tsire-tsire: tsirrai da bishiyoyi.
Currant gilashin gilashi yana lalata currants da gooseberries. Ta cinye babban reshe. A cikin shekarar farko ta lalacewa, rassan currant ba su canza abubuwa da yawa. Gaskiyar cewa kwaro ya kamu da shuka ana nuna shi ta 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganyayyaki, waɗanda suke ƙarami. Lalacewar rassan ya bushe da bushewa. Wannan na faruwa ne a lokacin ciyar da girke-girke.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
22.06.2017
Babban murfin beaker gilashin (lat.) Yayi kama da zanza ko jan kunne. A zahiri, wannan shine ɗayan manyan litattafan buɗe ido na gidan Glass-mãsu (lat. Sesidae).
Ba ta ciza ba, kuma za a iya tsince shi ba tare da tsoro ba. An dauki wannan kwaro mai cutarwa, masarautanta suna lalata haushi da kututturen poplars, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar koren kore.
Rarraba
Gida na gilashin poplar yana da faɗi sosai. A kan turai, ana rarrabawa tsakanin ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Turai, kuma akan yankin Asiya daga iyakokin yamma na Siberiya zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya. Hakanan ya zama ruwan dare a Arewacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A cikin tsaunukan Alps da Caucasus, yana zaune a tsawan sama da nisan mil 2000 na saman teku.
Maƙanƙan daji sun fi son su zauna a cikin ciyawa, ciyayi da filayen da ke da yalwar ciyayi. An jawo hankalin su ga poplar goat da willow (rakita), waɗanda ke zama abincin abinci don caterpillars.
Rayuwa
Mas'alar manyan kwalayen gilasai ana lura da ita daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli. Suna son tashi cikin babban ruwa. Aiki yana bayyana kanta da rana.
Mace ba su da kayan ci gaba kuma ba sa cin abinci, saboda haka ba sa rayuwa fiye da mako guda. A wannan lokacin, sun sa ƙwai har 1200 qwai a saman ɓangaren Aspen, ko rawar jiki poplar (Populus tremula) da kuma baki poplar (Populus nigra). A cikin ɗayan ɓoye akwai yawancin ƙwai na 1-3, waɗanda sau da yawa ana dage farawa lokacin tashi.
Magoya bayan maciji bayan an kwashe makonni 3-4 suna narkewa ta haushi suka fara wanzuwa a ƙarƙashinsa. Sannu a hankali suna mancewa da dogon wurare a cikin itace kuma sannu a hankali suna hanyarsu ta zuwa tsarin tushen, inda, in ya yiwu, su kasance a farkon lokacin hunturursu.
Ya danganta da yanayin muhalli, cikakken sake zagayowar ci gaba yana gudana daga shekaru 3 zuwa 4.
A karshenta, caterpillars din sun sake komawa kano kuma suka sake gina dakin karatun yara a ciki. Mafi sau da yawa, yana kusa da ƙasa. A ciki, suna gina shimfiɗar dolly daga sawdust da ƙura na itace.
Ganyen mai launin shuɗi daga saman cortex ya raba ta da membrane na bakin ciki tare da diamita kusan 1 cm .. Malam buɗe ido wanda ya shigo duniya ya watsar da shi ba tare da wata wahala ba sannan ya fita. Bayan ya bushe tsawon sa'o'i da yawa, yana haɓaka.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Manya ciyar a kan proboscis da mafi yawa na fure nectar na laima shuke-shuke. Ana iya ganin su cikin sauƙi a kan furanni na karas na daji (Daucus carota), tushen paprika (Cnidium silaifolium), ja chervil (Anthriscus) da ferula (Ferula).