Bahar Maliya Red teku
Muna farin cikin ganin ku a shafin da aka sadaukar domin duniyar Ruwan Kogi!
Bari wadannan hotunan su rike maka wani yanki na ruwan dumi da na bazara!
Safaga, Egypt
Safaga, Egypt
Safaga, Egypt
Safaga, Egypt
Safaga, Egypt
Amfani da hotuna daga wannan rukunin yanar gizon yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da halayen kasancewar hanyar haɗi mai aiki zuwa hanyar. Amfani da hotuna na kasuwanci daga wannan rukunin yanar gizon yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da rubutaccen izinin marubutan.
Rarraba squidfish squid
Ana samun squidfish squid a Indo-Western Pacific. Tana zaune a cikin ruwa mai tsananin zafi na Tekun Indiya a Jar Teku. Yana zaune ruwan Arewacin Ostiraliya, New Zealand. Wani squidfish squid mai iyo yana nisa zuwa arewacin Tekun Bahar Rum kuma ya bayyana har ma ba da nisa daga tsibirin Hawaiian.
Mutumin squid
Yawan al'adun squid
Yanke squid suna zaune a cikin ruwan dumi a gabar teku tare da zazzabi na 16 ° C - 34 ° C. Sun fi ƙarfin aiki da daddare lokacin da suke iyo a cikin wurare masu zurfin zurfin tare da zurfin 0 zuwa 100 m kewaye da wuraren shakatawa, ɓangarorin algae ko kuma gefen gabar teku. Suna tashi zuwa saman ruwa da daddare, a wannan lokacin akwai karancin damar da masu hasashen za su gano. A lokacin rana, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna matsawa zuwa ruwa mai zurfi ko kuma zama tsakanin sagagi, reefs, duwatsu da algae.
Alamomin waje na squid
Alamomin waje na squidfish squid
Tlewararrun ƙwayoyin katako suna da sifa mai fasalin nau'in sifa ceflopods. Mafi yawan jikin mutum ya faɗi akan alkyabbar. A baya ya inganta tsokoki. A cikin labulen akwai ragowar abin da ake kira glis na ciki (ko “gashin tsuntsu”). Wani fasali na musamman shine "manyan tsalle-tsalle", fadada a saman falon katifar. Fashin hancin ya shimfiɗa tare da alkyabbar kuma yana ba squid halin halayyar m. Matsakaicin kwanciya a cikin maza shine 422 mm da 382 mm a cikin mata. Aukar nauyin squilefish squids na mutum ya bambanta daga fam 1 zuwa 5 fam. A cikin kai shine kwakwalwa, idanu, baki, glandar narkewa. Squids suna da hadaddun idanu. Garkunan suna dauke da manyan kofuna waɗanda ake amfani dasu don satar ganima. Tsakanin kai da alkyabbar akwai wata hanya mai rami wacce ruwa ke ratsa yayin mofin moli ɗin. Gabobin numfashi - gills. Ana rufe tsarin wurare dabam dabam. Oxygen yana ɗaukar furotin hemocyanin, ba haemoglobin ba, wanda ya ƙunshi ion jan ƙarfe, saboda haka launin jini shudi ne.
Fata na squid ya ƙunshi sel na alaura da ake kira chromatophores, suna canza launi da sauri dangane da yanayi, sannan kuma akwai jaka tawada wacce ke fitar da duhu gajimare mai ruwa ga masu rarrashi.
Maza suna canza launi
Yaduwa da cut squfish squid
A lokacin kiwo, ana tattara daskararren kifin katako a kann hanyoyin. Su yayin wannan lokacin suna rage karfin launi jikinsu da inganta launi na kayan jikinsu. Maza suna nuna tsarin “taguwa” ko “fuskoki”, suna zama m kuma suna ɗaukar wasu matsayi na jiki. Wasu mazan suna canza launin jikinsu don kama da mace kuma suna kusanci da mace.
Tlewararrun ƙwayar katako ta sa ƙwayayensu ƙwai a duk shekara, kuma lokacin yaduwar ya dogara da mazauninsu. Matan sun yi gumi daga qwai 20 zuwa 180 a rufe a cikin kalolin mucous, wadanda aka sanya su cikin lamuran madaidaiciya akan duwatsu, murjani, tsirrai a gefen gabar teku. Da zaran mace ta sanya kwai, ta mutu. Qwai yana haɓaka daga kwanaki 15 zuwa 22, gwargwadon zafin jiki. Squananan squids suna da tsawon 4.5 zuwa 6.5 mm.
Halayyar squid
Tlewararrun ƙwayoyin katako suna tashi daga zurfin zuwa ruwa mai zurfi da daddare don ciyar da plankton da kifi. Matasa galibi sukan zama a wuri ɗaya. Wani lokacin suna nuna cannibalism. Adult squids ganima da nasu. Tlewararrun squut suna amfani da canjin launi mai sauri don sanar da danginsu game da barazanar da ke faruwa, hanyoyin abinci kuma suna nuna rinjayensu.
Tufafin yana kewaye da jikin mollusk
Daraja ga mutum
Tlewararru na yankan ƙwaro suna kamuwa da kamun kifi. Ana amfani dasu ba kawai don abinci ba, har ma a matsayin ƙyallen kamun kifi. Tlewararrun ƙwayar katako suna da muhimmanci a cikin binciken kimiyya, saboda suna da haɓaka haɓaka mai sauri, gajeren rayuwar rayuwa, ƙarancin bala'i, ƙananan cannibalism, haifuwa a cikin ɗakunan ruwa, suna da sauƙin lura a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ana amfani da katon axons (matakai na jijiya) na squid a cikin bincike a cikin ƙoshin lafiya da ilimin ilimin dabbobi.
Matsayin kiyayewa na squidfish squid
Kwararan katako ba su fuskantar barazanar komai ba. Suna da daidaitaccen mazauni kuma suna tartsatsi, don haka ba a fuskantar barazanar lalata su a nan gaba.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Kankana
Kankana - Wannan wata halitta ce mai ban mamaki wacce zata iya iyo ruwa da sauri ta gaje nesa, ta rufe kanta da kanta, a hada ta da masu siranta da kyawu da tawakkali da kuma nuna karfin gani na tsinkayewar gani. Manoma a cikin dabbobi suna kashi 95% na dukkan dabbobi, ana kuma ganin iskar ciflopody sune mafi kyawun duk wasu dabbobin a duniya.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Kifin katako shine mollusks, wanda, tare da squid, nautilus da octopus, sun haɗu da ƙungiyar da ake kira cephalopods, wanda ke nufin "kai da ƙafa." Dukkan nau'ikan wannan rukunin suna da tantuna a jikinsu. Kayan katako na zamani ya bayyana a zamanin Miocene (kimanin shekaru miliyan 21 da suka shude) kuma ya fito daga asalin magabata.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Menene kamannin katako?
Kwakwalwar katako yana da girma idan aka kwatanta da sauran dabbobin (dabbobi ba tare da kashin baya ba), wanda ke ba da damar cuttlefish don koyo da tunawa. Duk da makanta launi, suna da kyakkyawan gani sosai kuma suna iya canza launinsu, tsari da motsi da sauri don sadarwa ko sake haɗa kansu.
Kawunansu yana gindin murfin, yana da manyan idanun biyu a ɓangarorin da kuma kaifi mai kaifi kamar a tsakiyar hannayensu. Suna da kafafu guda takwas da kuma dogon tanti guda biyu don ɗaukar ganima, wanda za'a iya jan shi gaba ɗaya a cikin jikin. Za'a iya sanin tsofaffi ta hanyar farin layin jikinsu tun daga tushe na hannayen su na uku.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Kifin katako yana haifar da girgije na tawada lokacin da suka ji barazanar. Masu zane da marubutan (sepia) sun taɓa amfani da wannan tawada.
Cuttlefish yana motsawa cikin ruwa tare da taimakon abin da ake kira "jet engine". Kwararan katako suna da ƙarancin gefansu a gefansu. Godiya ga tsintsiyar da ba ta birkicewa, kifin katako yana iya soar, rarrafe da iyo. Hakanan zasu iya motsawa tare da “injin jirgi,” wanda zai iya zama ingantaccen tsarin aikin ceto. An samu wannan ne saboda yanayin jikin mutum da saukowar ruwa daga ramin jikin su ta hanyar siphon mai kauri, wanda yake jan su baya.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Cututtattun kifayen masu sauya launi ne. Tun daga haihuwa, matashi yankan takarda na iya nunawa aƙalla nau'ikan adadi goma sha uku.
Idanun yankan itace suna daya daga cikin abubuwan cigaba a masarautar dabbobi. Masana ilimin kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa idanunsu sun haɗu sosai kafin haihuwa kuma sun fara lura da yanayin su yayin da suke cikin kwai.
Jikin cuttlefish yana da inuwa mai ban mamaki na kore-shuɗi saboda yana amfani da furotin na haemocyanin da ke ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe maimakon jigilar sunadarin hemoglobin da ke ƙarfe da aka samo a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ana amfani da jini ta hanyar zuciya daban daban, biyu ana amfani da su ne don dasa jini a cikin kwayar cuttlefish, kuma na uku ana amfani da shi ne danya jini a jiki.
Ina ne katako ya rayu?
HOTO: Kifin katako a cikin ruwa
Kifin katako shine nau'in marine na musamman kuma ana iya samun shi a yawancin mazaunan ruwa daga teku mai zurfi zuwa zurfin ruwa kuma daga sanyi zuwa tekuna na wurare masu zafi. Kyakyawan itace yawanci suna yin hunturu cikin ruwa mai zurfi kuma suna shiga cikin ruwan teku mai ƙarancin ruwa a bazara da bazara don kiwo.
Ana samun kifin da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum, Arewa da Baltic, duk da cewa an yi imanin cewa ya zuwa yanzu ana samun yawan mutane a kudu cewa ana iya samunsa koda a Afirka ta Kudu. Suna faruwa a cikin zurfin zurfin cikin karkara (tsakanin ƙananan layin da gefen shiryayye na ƙasa, har zuwa kusan 100 fathoms ko 200 m).
Wasu nau'ikan katako na kifayen da aka saba gani a Tsibirin Biritaniya:
- sananniyar yankan cinya (Sepia officinalis) - ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a gabar kudu da kudu maso yamma Ingila da Wales. Za'a iya ganin ɗan itacen masara a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin lokacin damuna a ƙarshen bazara da bazara,
- m katako mai kisa (Sepia elegans) - wanda aka samo akan manyan tekuna a kudancin ruwan Burtaniya. Waɗannan kifin katako suna da bakin ciki fiye da yadda aka saba, galibi suna da tintaccen ruwan hoda da ƙaramin ƙira a ƙarshen ɗaya,
- ruwan goro ruwan hoda (Sepia orbigniana) - wani irin katon kifi ne a cikin ruwan Biritaniya, a waje irin wanda yake da kama da kifin mai cin nama, amma da wuya aka samu a kudanci na Burtaniya,
- ƙaramin itace mai cin nama (Sepiola atlantica) - yayi kama da ƙananan cincin katifa. Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a kudu da kudu maso yammacin tekun Ingila.
Yanzu kun san inda katako yake zaune. Bari mu ga abin da wannan mollusk ke ci.
Menene sarewar kifi?
Hoto: Kifin katako
Kifin katako shine mafarauta, wanda ke nufin cewa suna farautar abincin su. Su, duk da haka, su ma ganima ne ga dabbobi, wanda ke nufin cewa manyan halittu sun ci kansu.
Talakawa yankan mashin masarauta ne masu rikicewa. Tsarinsu masu sauyawa na zamani masu canza launuka ya basu damar hadewa daidai da asalin su. Hakanan yana ba su damar yin sihiri game da ganima sau da yawa, sannan kuma su harba shinge (tare da tutocin suki akan tukwicinsu) tare da saurin walƙiya don kama ta. Suna amfani da kofunawar tsotsa na alfarwansu suna riƙe ganima, alhali suna mayar da shi zuwa beak. Abincin da aka fi sani da katako shine yake ciyar da akasari a kan crustaceans da ƙananan kifi.
Kifin katako shine mazaunin gindin, wanda yakan gina maharan ga ƙananan dabbobi kamar su katako, jatan jifa, kifi da ƙananan mollusks. Asirce katako kifayen creeps har zuwa abin da ta mallaka. Sau da yawa wannan motsi a hankali yakan kasance tare da nuna haske akan fatar ta, lokacin da launuka iri-iri ke motsa jikin ta, suna sa wanda abin ya shafa ya daskare cikin mamaki da kyan gani. Daga nan sai ta shimfida shimfidu takwas 8 kuma ta saki fararen tantuna guda 2, wadanda suka kama ganima suka mayar da ita cikin katako mai murkushe ta. Wannan irin wannan mummunan harin ne, wanda yawanci yakan lura dashi ta hanyar turaruka masu kayatarwa, sannan yana karewa akan hira bayan nutsuwa.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
HOTO: Kifin kifi a cikin teku
Kwakwalwa masters masters ne mai rikitarwa, mai ikon juyawa daga gaba daya wanda ba a gan shi zuwa ga gaba daya bayyananne kuma mataimakin shi a kusan sakan biyu. Zasu iya amfani da wannan dabarar don hadewa ba tare da wani asali ba, kuma suna da kyau a matsayin karɓar asalin halitta. Bishiyar katako shine ainihin sarakunan camouflage a tsakanin ƙwayoyin dabbobi. Amma ba su iya karkatar da jikinsu kamar octopuses, kawai suna sa shi ya zama mai ban sha'awa.
Cephalopods suna da irin wannan kyamarar kamara, da farko saboda tsararren chromatophores - jaka mai launin ja, rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa a cikin fata, wanda ake iya gani (ko ba'a gani) ta tsokoki a kewayen su. Wadannan tsokoki suna sarrafawa kai tsaye ta neurons a cikin cibiyoyin motar kwakwalwa, don haka zasu iya haɗuwa da sauri tare da bango. Wata hanyar maski shine yanayin canzawa na fata mai yankan katako, wanda yake dauke da papillas - guntun tsokoki wanda zai iya canza yanayin dabba daga mai laushi zuwa ƙyalli. Wannan yana da amfani sosai, alal misali, idan kuna buƙatar ɓoye kusa da dutsen da aka rufe cikin bawo.
Arshe na ƙarshe na kwatancen katako ya ƙunshi leucophores da iridophores, galibi suna nuna faranti waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin ƙwayoyin chromatophores. Leucophores yana haskaka haske a cikin kewayon raƙuman ruwa, don haka zasu iya yin tunannin duk wani haske da ake samu a halin yanzu - alal misali, farin farin cikin ruwa mara zurfi da hasken shudi mai zurfi. Iridophores yana haɗar da platelet na furotin da ake kira reflexin tare da yadudduka na cytoplasm, yana haifar da ƙarancin gani kamar na fuka-fuki. Iridophores na wasu nau'ikan, kamar wasu kifaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe, suna haifar da tasirin tsangwama wanda ya canza haske zuwa shuɗar shuɗi da kore. Kifin katako na iya kunna wajan juya waɗannan abubuwa a cikin dakika ko a cikin mintuna ta hanyar sarrafa nisan da ke tsakanin platelet don zaɓin launi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Cuttlefish ba zai iya ganin launuka ba, amma suna iya ganin hasken wuta, madaidaici wanda zai iya taimaka wa karfin su ya bambanta da tantance launuka da tsarin amfani da su yayin hada su da yanayin. Pupilsaliban tlean Yankin Yanki suna da nau'in W-mai mahimmanci kuma suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa ƙarfin haske yana shiga ido. Don mayar da hankali kan abu, katako ya canza kamannin idonta, kuma ba siffar ruwan tabarau na ido bane, kamar mu.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Cuttlefish Hatchling
Tsarin igiyar kiwo shine yake faruwa a shekara, tare da yin larura a watan Maris da Yuni. Cuttlefish ne dioecious, wato, suna da bambancin namiji da mace. Maza suna fitar da maniyyi ga mace ta hanyar sikelin hectocotilized (mazaunin da aka gyara don fitina).
Maza Cututtuttuka za su nuna bambancin launuka masu launuka a lokacin zama. Ma'auratan suna gina jikinsu fuska da fuska domin namiji ya iya matsar da fakitin maniyyin a cikin jaka a ƙarƙashin bakin matar. Sannan mace ta ruga zuwa wurin da babu kowa a ciki sai ta dauki kwai daga cikin kwayar ta ta wuce su ta cikin maniyyi, takin ta. Idan akwai fakitoci da dama na maniyyi, wanda yake a bayan layin, shine, na karshe, yayi nasara.
Bayan hadi, maigidan yakan tsayar da mace har sai ta tara tarin 'ya'yan itacen inabin da aka hadu da ita, wadanda aka sanya kuma aka gyara akan algae ko wasu bangarorin. Sannan ana rarraba ƙwai sau da yawa cikin masonry wanda aka rufe da sepia - abu mai canza launi wanda yake aiki azaman haɗin haɗin gwiwa, kuma, mai yiwuwa, don rufe yanayin su. Kifin katako na iya kwanciya kimanin ƙwai 200 a cikin abubuwan da ke ɗaurewa, sau da yawa kusa da wasu mata.Bayan watanni biyu zuwa hudu, matasa suna yin kyankyashe kamar kananan iyayensu.
Kifin katako yana da manyan qwai, 6-6 cm a diamita, wanda aka adana a cikin oviduct, wanda sai an ajiye shi a cikin ƙwanƙwasa a ƙasan tekun. An kwantar da qwai tare da tawada, wanda yake taimaka musu mafi kyau gaurayawa tare da bango. Matasa matasa suna da gwaiduwa mai ƙoshin lafiya wanda zai tallafa musu har sai sun samar da abincinsu. Ba kamar theiran uwan su squid da dorinar ruwa ba, kifin katako an riga an inganta su sosai kuma ba su dogara da haihuwa. Nan da nan suka fara ƙoƙarin bibiyar ƙananan ɓoyayyen abu kuma a hankali suke amfani da dukkan ƙarfin halinsu na halitta.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Duk da irin ƙarfin da suke da shi na kariya da hanyoyin kaiwa hari da kuma basirar da suke da ita, ƙwayar katako ba ta daɗewa. Suna zaune a wani wuri tsakanin watanni 18 zuwa 24, kuma mace ta mutu ba da jimawa ba.
Abokan halitta na katako
Hoto: Oan kifi mai kyawu
Saboda karancin kifin katako mai kifi, yawancin masu cin abincin teku suna kama su.
Babban masu farautar katako, a matsayin mai mulkin, sune:
Dolphins ma suna kai hari ga waɗannan 'yan saɓo ɗaya, amma suna ciyar da kawunansu kawai. Mutane suna yin barazanar katse kifin saboda farautarsu. Ayansu na farko na tsaro yana iya zama ƙoƙari don ɓatar da gano ta hanyar magabatan ta yin amfani da kyan gani, wanda hakan zai sa su yi kama da murjani, dutsen ko kuma tekun a wani lokaci. Kamar dan uwansa, squid, cuttlefish na iya fesa tawada a cikin ruwa, yana rufe mai yiwuwar dabbakarsa a cikin wani gajimaren bakin mara duhu.
Masu binciken sun san dadewa cewa kifin naman alade yana iya amsawa ga haske da wasu ƙwayoyin rai yayin da yake ci gaba har zuwa cikin kwan. Tun kafin kyankyashewa, amfrayo suna iya ganin barazanar kuma sun canza yanayin numfashinsu da za a amsa. Macijin da ba a haife shi ba yana yin duk mai yiwuwa a cikin mahaifar don guje wa ganowa idan akwai haɗarin kusanto da maƙiyi - gami da riƙe numfashi. Ba wai kawai wannan yanayin ba ne mai ban mamaki ba, har ma shine farkon shaida cewa invertebrates na iya yin karatu a cikin mahaifar, kamar mutane da sauran hanyoyin jiki.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Menene kamannin katako?
Ba a haɗa waɗannan mollus a cikin jerin tsaran jinsunan da ke cikin haɗari ba, kuma babu data da yawa game da girman adadin jama'arsu. Koyaya, masunta na kasuwanci a Kudancin Ostiraliya suna kama har ton 71 a lokacin balaga, don amfanin ɗan adam da kuma ƙararraki. Sakamakon ɗan gajeren rayuwar su da tsallakewa sau ɗaya kawai a rayuwa, barazanar shaye shaye bayyananne ce. A halin yanzu, babu matakan gudanarwa da ke takaita yawan kifin katako, amma akwai buƙatar ƙara ƙanƙan katako a cikin jerin nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A duk duniya, an gano nau'ikan kifin katako guda 120, waɗanda girman su ya bambanta daga 15 cm zuwa babbar katuwar kifin Australiya, wanda tsawonsa yawanci rabin mil ne (ba a ƙidaya alfarwansu) da nauyinsa ya wuce kilo 10.
A cikin 2014, yayin binciken yawan jama'a a fage a Point Lawley, an karɓi karuwar farko na yawan yankan mashin a cikin shekaru shida - 57,317 a kan 13,492 a 2013. Sakamakon binciken na shekarar 2018 ya nuna cewa kimar shekara ta adadin katon katako a Australia ya karu daga 124,992 a shekarar 2017 zuwa 150,408 a shekarar 2018.
Mutane da yawa zasu so su ci naman alade kamar dabbobi. Wannan abu ne mai sauki a yi a Burtaniya da Turai, kamar yadda a nan za ku iya samun irin wannan nau'in kifin katako kamar Sepia officinalis, "Tsarin katako na Turai." A cikin Amurka, duk da haka, babu wasu nau'ikan halitta, kuma nau'ikan da aka shigo da su sun fito ne daga Bali, wanda ake kira Sepia bandensis, wanda matafiyi ne mara kyau kuma yawanci ya isa kamar balagagge wanda zai iya samun makonni kawai na rayuwa. Ba'a ba su shawarar azaman dabbobi ba.
Kankana yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan kifayen bakin teku. Wani lokaci ana kiransu shuwagabannin teku saboda ƙimar da suke da ita ta canza launin fata da sauri. Cuttlefish ɗin ya kware sosai don farauta. Lokacin da jatan landan ko kifayen suka isa kusa da ita, sai matattarar kifin tayi qoqarin zuwa wurin ta kuma harba tare da wasu shinge biyu don kamo ganima. Kamar dangin octopus nasu, kifin naman alade yana ɓoyewa daga abokan gaba tare da kamara da inuwa mai tawada.
Neman littattafan da na karanta, rubutattun balaguro na tafiya da waƙoƙi
A cikin Bahar Maliya, na sadu da octopuse da katako - amma yayin tseren ƙarshe ya juya cewa na ci karo da squids kusa da wannan matukin (ba a kan farantin ba!), Kuma sabulu mai ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa ya kasance a kan wannan tudu a cikin wannan iyo. Hurray, Na sami damar gyara kaina (hankali, ta danna - ko'ina akwai manyan hotuna / tare da gyaran sautin ta atomatik ta Korel /!)!
Ganin cephalopods, nan da nan ya tashi yana bin sawun - amma, har ma da masu tuddai, amma ba a sami damar kamawa ba:
Amma har yanzu masu mallakar alfarwar ba su tashi ba - me ya sa ba su sake nutsewa gare su ba (tushen shi ne kifin mala'ikan sarki da farin-tailed triggerfish):
Wani mahimmin fasalin wannan nau'in shine tsinkayen tsinkaye gaba ɗayan jikin:
Wanne ana sauƙaƙe shi zuwa ga gawa, wanda ke sa shi jujjuyawa don ƙarancin juriya ga yanayin ruwa mai ruwa:
Kuma sun sanyaya canjin launi:
Abin da ya fi kyau gani a cikin kuzari:
Dabbobin ba su da kima sosai - kimanin santimita talatin da biyar (ɗan ƙaramin fure mai launuka masu launuka masu yawa suna gani a nesa):
Duk abin, "ɓangaren ruwa" na rahoton, kazalika da "saman", an kuma kammala. Ina so kawai in lura cewa wannan lokacin na dauki hoto da kuma sanya anan taƙaitaccen bayanin abubuwan haɗuwa da 166 (a cikin kalmomi: ɗari da sittin da shida) mazaunan zurfin zurfafa. Kuma wannan kadan ne daga abin da zaku iya gani da idanunku, kuna sanye da abin rufe fuska, kunnuwa da ƙyallen ƙasa - Bawai ina magana ne game da kayan ƙoshin scuba ba. Ba tare da matsi da yawa ba - a yi wanka sau biyar a rana, kuma wannan shine komai. Oh ee: kuna buƙatar ɗaukar wuri tare da kyakkyawan reef.
Yi tunani game da yanayi.