Kifi na Muscle ko Aguaruna, sunan kimiyya Aguarunichthys torosus, na gidan Pimelodidae ne (Pimelodovye ko kuma matattarar kifi mai cin gashin kansa). Sunan na biyu na wannan nau'in ana ba shi don girmamawa ga ƙabilar Indiyawan da ke zaune a cikin dajin Peruvian a Kogin Maranion, inda masu binciken suka fara gano wannan kifin. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kifayen da ke cin naman dabbobi, yana da sauki a kula da yanayi da yawa, amma, ba a ba da shawarar farawa masu neman ruwa-ruwa ba ne.
Habitat
Ya samo asali ne daga Kudancin Amurka daga kwarin kogin Maranion a cikin babban kwari na Amazon, yana gudana ne ta hanyar Peru da Ecuador. Tana zaune a wurare daban-daban na duniya - koguna masu sauri suna gudana daga tsaunika, da tafkuna da tafkuna na tekun tare da babban kogin.
Bayani a takaice:
Abinci mai gina jiki
Predator, a cikin yanayi yana ciyar da wasu kifayen. A cikin aquariums adapts zuwa madadin kayayyakin. Kuna iya ba da abinci na musamman don nau'in carnivorous, earthworms, nama na jatan lande, mussel, tube farin kifi. Ciyar da abinci sau 2-3 a mako.
Kyakkyawan girman akwatin kifaye don kifaye ɗaya yana farawa daga lita 500. Zane ba shi da mahimmanci sosai don adana kifin murkushe tsoka, babban abu shine samar da wurare da yawa kyauta. Yana da mahimmanci mafi mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingancin ruwa a cikin jigilar yawan zafin jiki da sigogin hydrochemical. Korar sharar gida (ragowar abinci da kuma keɓewa), wanda, saboda halayen abincin, ruwan ƙazantaccen ƙarfi, dole ne a ba shi damar. Kwanciyar hankali na yanayin da daidaituwar muhalli a cikin akwatin kifaye ya dogara ne akan tsarin matakan m don kiyayewarsa da ingantaccen aikin kayan aiki, musamman tsarin tacewa.
Halayya da Yarbuwa
Ba ma bayyanannen abokantaka ba, a cikin yanayin rashin sarari zai fara gasa tare da dangi da sauran manyan kifayen ƙasa don albarkatun ƙasa da albarkatun abinci. Karamin sarari, da kara tsananta halin ya zama. Duk wani karamin kifi zai iya zama ganima, saboda haka ya kamata a cire su.
Cutar Kifi
Yawancin cututtuka ana haifar da su ta hanyar yanayin da bai dace ba na tsare. Matsakaicin wurin zama zai zama mabuɗin don nasarar ci gaba. Idan akwai alamun alamun cutar, da farko, ya kamata ku duba ingancin ruwan kuma, idan an sami ɓarna, ɗauki matakan gyara halin. Idan bayyanar cututtuka ta ci gaba ko da muni, za a buƙaci magani. Don ƙarin bayani game da alamu da magani, duba sassan Cututtukan Kifi na Aquarium.
Bayanin, bayyanar
Iyalin “Flat-head catfish” sun hada da wasu nau'ikan halittu da suka banbanta da girma da girma. A lokaci guda, dangi ana bambanta shi da kasancewar halayyar halayyar 6. Pairaya daga cikin nau'i na mustaches yana kan babban muƙamuƙi, da kuma wasu nau'ikan nau'i biyu suna cikin yankin zojin.
Mai ban sha'awa don sani! An bambanta kifin mai taushi da launi mai launin shuɗi, yayin da wani yanki mai santsi a cikin nau'in ɗigon baki ke watsuwa cikin jiki, kuma ƙarƙashin ƙashin ƙyallen hannu da sashin ƙwararraki da ƙwalwa zaka iya ganin halayyar mai haske.
Mutanen da suka manyanta suna girma zuwa tsawon 35 cm 6. Don kifi na wannan iyali yana sane da kasancewar babba kuma, a lokaci guda, babba. An yi imani da cewa idanu suna da mafi girman ƙira.
Jikin aguaruna ya kasance mai tsawo, tare da ɗayan ƙyallen dorsal mai girma da faɗi sosai, kuma na biyu mai tsawo da ƙoshin isasshe, ya ƙunshi haskoki mai taushi 6-7. Faƙƙarfan ƙa'idodi suna da fadi kuma suna da sihiri. Fushin ventral slightlyan kadan ya fi ƙarancin ƙwallan kadan na ciki. Kayan kitse da na tsuliya ba su daɗe, kuma fin ɗin caudal yana da rabuwa sosai.
Mahalli na zahiri
An yarda dashi gaba daya cewa mahaifar kifin kifi shine Kudancin Amurka, har ma da kwarin kogin Maranion da Amazon, waɗanda ke gudana a cikin yankin Peru da Ekwado.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Jinsunan "Aguarunichthys torosus" sunfi so su jagoranci rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, kuma galibin wakilan wannan nau'in suna yin tsaurin ra'ayi ga sauran nau'in halittu, saboda haka yana da wahala a ajiye su a cikin jerin ruwa tare da sauran nau'in kifaye.
Ana samun matattarar kifi mai cin gashin kanta a jikin ruwa na yanayi daban-daban, ciki har da cikin koguna masu saurin gudana, a cikin tafkuna na ruwa da masana'antu dake kusa da babban tashoshin ruwa, da sauransu.
Don wannan kifin, yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa yanayin rayuwa suna da kusanci da na halitta. Za'a iya cimma wannan ta hanyar tsaftace ruwayoyin yau da kullun da kuma ingantaccen aiki mai inganci na tsaftace ruwa da tsarin matatun ruwa.
Yadda za a ba da akwatin kifaye
Don jin daɗi tare da kifi ɗaya, zaku buƙaci damar zuwa lita 500 kuma ba ƙasa ba. A lokaci guda, yana da muhimmanci sosai cewa ruwan ya hadu da dukkan alamomin da suka zama dole, duka a cikin kayan ciki da kuma zazzabi. Misali:
- Zazzabi na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ana kiyaye shi a digiri 22 zuwa 27.
- Manuniya na rashin ruwa - daga 5.8 zuwa 7.2 pH.
- Manuniya masu taushi - daga 5 zuwa 15 dH.
- Ilasa na iya zama kowane nau'i.
- Haske na kowane asali.
- Tabbatar samar da rauni mai motsi da matsakaici na ruwa.
A lokaci guda, yakamata a bar abubuwan ɓoye abubuwan haɗuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, a cikin nau'in taɓar ko abinci. Saboda halayen tushen abinci, ruwan da yake cikin akwatin kifaye da sauri ya zama ba za a iya zama ba.
Habitat, mazauni
Wurin asalin kifin kifin ana ɗauka shine Kudancin Amurka, kogin Maranion da saman kwari na Amazon, wanda ke gudana a cikin inasar Peru da Ekwado.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Aguaruniсhthys torosus kifi ne wanda ke haifar da rayuwar yau da kullun, kuma wakilai da yawa na wannan nau'in suna da zafin rai kuma basu da cikakkiyar wakilci tare da sauran wakilan tsarin ruwa na ruwa.
Kifi mallakar dangin kifin wanda ke da shimfiɗar kangara, suna zaune ne da halittu daban-daban, waɗanda ke wakiltar kogunan ruwa masu sauri daga tsaunuka, tafkuna na ruwa da na baya a babban rafin kogin
Koma abinda ke ciki
Stabilityarfafa yanayin da daidaituwar muhalli a cikin akwatin kifaye kai tsaye yana dogara ne akan tsarin hanyoyin da ake buƙata don kiyayewa, da kuma ingantaccen aiki mai ƙarewa na kayan aiki, musamman tsarin tace ruwa.
Shirye-shiryen akwatin kifaye
Matsakaicin gwargwado na akwatin kifayen da aka keɓe don kula da kifayen guda ɗaya aƙalla lita 500-550. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a tabbatar da ingancin ruwan kifaye na mai ɗaukar ruwa tare da dacewa da kewayon zazzabi da kuma madaidaitan ma'aunin makamashi:
- zazzabiwan alamun ruwa - 22-27 ° C,
- ƙimar muhalli na cikin ruwa yana cikin 5.8-7.2 pH,
- Manuniyar ruwa - a matakin 5.0-15 dGH,
- nau'in substrate - kowane nau'in,
- nau'in hasken wuta - kowane nau'in
- motsi na akwatin kifaye - mai rauni ko matsakaici.
Ya kamata a rage yawan zubar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin sararin akwatin kifaye, wanda ragowar abinci ya kebanta da shi, ya kamata a rage shi. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa halayen abinci na kifin kifayen da sauri suna sanya ruwa mai kifin ruwa.
Abincin, rage cin abinci
A yanayinsa, Aguaruna shine maƙiyi kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi wannan wakilin ƙungiyar paraphyletic shine yake cin yawancin nau'in kifaye. Lokacin da aka kiyaye shi azaman dabbobi a cikin yanayin cikin ruwa, mai ɗaukar ruwa na ruwa da sauri kuma yana dacewa da samfuran samfuran da yawa, da kuma ciyarwar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da aka yi niyya don ciyar da kowane nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Sau biyu ko sau uku a mako Aguaruna tare da babbar nishaɗin ciyarwa a kan dabbobin duniya, nama jatan lande, mussel, har da tube farin kifi.
Halin daidaituwa
Aguaruna ba karamar dabba ce mai abokantaka ba, kuma tare da rashin fili kyauta a cikin akwatin kifaye, irin wannan kifin na iya gasa ba kawai tare da danginsa ba, har ma tare da sauran manyan kifayen ƙasa, suna karesu daga yankin da kwashe manyan albarkatun abinci.
Kamar yadda lura ya nuna, a cikin yanayin karancin akwatin kifayen kifi, kifi mallakar dangin kifin mai tsaka-tsaki zai iya zama mai wahala kamar yadda zai yiwu, kuma duk wani karamin kifi ana samunsa a cikin ganima kuma dangin Aguarun sun lalace sosai.
Kiwo da zuriya
Dangantaka tsakanin jinsi na kifayen 'yan kabilar Aguarun a lokacin tsaka-tsakin lokaci yawanci yana da kwanciyar hankali, amma a cikin akwatin kifayen kusanci na iya zama mai hayaniya, kuma wani lokacin ana gwabza faɗa mai yawa, amma ba tare da haifar da raunin rai ko haɗari ga rayuwar dabbobi ba.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Nau'i-nau'i na balaga don tsallewa yana fara rawa na al'ada, kuma idan aka ƙirƙiri yanayi mai dacewa, tsararraki yana faruwa.
A cikin kifin kifin matasa, yawancin lokuta babu lokuta na cin naman mutane, amma duk mutanen da suka girma dole ne a dasa su ba tare da faduwa ba a cikin lokaci mai dacewa.
Cututtukan cututtukan fata
Sanadin yawancin cututtuka na irin wannan sanannen kifin kifin kifaye.
Tedaddamarda ta hanyar yanayin rashin dacewa ko tsarewa a cikin kulawa:
- rashin sabunta turwar ko kuma gurbataccen ruwan akwatin gidan ruwa na dogon lokaci,
- m akwatin kifayen ruwa dangane da ainihin abin da ya ƙunshi ko ma'aunin hydraulic,
- kasawa ko kuma matalauta, matalauta tsari na akwatin kifaye,
- mai haske sosai ko rashin isasshen hasken,
- yayi tsayi ko yanayin yanayin zafi na ruwa,
- matsanancin cunkoso a cikin akwatin kifaye,
- rashin la'akari da halayen halayen kifin haɗin-kifi,
- yin amfani da abubuwanda ba su dace ba da abinci mai gina jiki ko abinci marar kyau,
- kurakurai a cikin zaɓi na abinci.
Mafi yawan lokuta, ya isa kawai a cire kurakuran cikin yanayin tsare, amma mafi munanan cututtuka, ciki har da cututtukan fata, kwayan cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fata, zasu buƙaci nadin ƙwararren likita.
Mai sake dubawa
Wani yanki mai mahimmanci na dangin Aguarun mallakar dangin kifi mai tsayi, ko Pimelodovye, a halin yanzu an rarrabe shi azaman kifi mafi girma wanda za'a iya kiyaye shi a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye. Kasancewa zuwa yanayin tsarewa, akwatin kifayen Aguaruna zai iya rayuwa kimanin shekaru goma ko goma sha biyar.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Irin waɗannan kifayen suna da kama da na waje ga kifayen kisa na Afirka, kuma yanayin da yake gani yana kama da launi na kuliyoyin daji da ke zaune a cikin gandun daji, don haka Aguaruna ya cancanci sanannu ba kawai cikin gida ba har ma da masu neman ruwa daga kasashen waje.
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan dabbobi masu yawan ruwa a cikin ruwa, Aguaruna ba abu ne mai sauƙin ɗauka ba kuma yana buƙatar tsananin bin yanayi da yawa, sabili da haka, masana basu bayar da shawarar fara irin wannan kifin ba don farawa masu neman ruwa ruwa.
Huaruwar kulawa da abun ciki mai kulawa ta Huci bayanin hoton bidiyo
Ouara, ouar, cichlid triangular, rani ko cuneiform da aka gani cichlid - da zaran ba su ba da sunan kifin kifaye ba, wanda ke cikin gidan cichlid kuma ana samunsa cikin yanayi a cikin ruwa mai kyau na Guiana, har ma a wuraren ajiyar kogin. Amazons.
A bayyanar, ovar ya bambanta a jikin mara girman diski, tare da babban babba, bakin ƙima da cikakke lebe. Barearshe ƙarshen hasken haskoki na ɗanɗano ya zama daidai da kashin baya.
Launi na wannan kifin galibi duhu ne, amma, ana samun kifin baƙar fata tare da fararen fata.
Hakanan za'a iya samun oars na Greenish-beige, tare da jan idanu da layi mai laushi ko'ina cikin jiki.
Ta hanyar jima'i, ya fi sauƙi a rarrabe tsakanin Huara yayin lokacin kiwo. A cikin mace, ovipositor mai kama da lu'u-lu'u yana bayyana, kuma a cikin namiji, vas deferens, yana lanƙwasa kai. Uary - babban kifi wanda zai iya kaiwa zuwa 30 cm a tsawon.
Yanayin Ware
Huaru yana zaune a cikin garken da ake girmama matsayi. Soyayya tare da sauran kifin-ƙaunar kifaye mai zaman lafiya, tare da danginsu na cichlid. Koyaya, mun lura cewa uara shine kifi mai kunya mai ban tsoro, saboda haka ya fi kyau a samar da akwatin kifayen tare da ɗimbin duwatsun da snags, waɗanda zasu zama mafaka ga kifin.
Koyaya, barin babban yanki mara kyau don yin iyo shima ya zama dole. Zai fi kyau bambance yankin tare da duwatsun lebur, sanya su a tsaye a cikin akwatin kifaye. Gabaɗaya, biyu daga kifaye zasu buƙaci babban adadin kifaye na lita 150 a girma. An ba da shawarar yin tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tukwane, kamar yadda oars na iya cin tsire-tsire.
Uara shine kifin kifaye wanda yake zama a tsakiya da ƙananan ruwa mai ruwa. A wannan yanayin, kifayen suna matukar bukatar ruwa game da ruwa kuma kar a yi haƙuri da gurɓataccen nitrogen. Abin da ya sa yin tacewa da aeration a cikin akwatin kifaye dole su kasance masu iko.
Hakanan ana buƙatar maye gurbin fiye da 40% na jimlar ruwa. Tunda uar a cikin yanayin rayuwa a cikin ruwan acidic, a cikin akwatin kifayen acidity na ruwa ya zama tsaka tsaki - 6.0-7.5 tare da taurin har zuwa 15 °.
Za'a iya kiyaye zafin zafin ruwan a ma'aunin 25-30.
Wajibi ne a ciyar da kifin tare da abincin shuka: ganyen kabeji, ƙanƙasir da letas za su kasance da babban amfani ga raha. Daga abinci mai rai, kifi sun fi son magudanar jini, tubule, coronetra da jatan lande.
Ka'idojin kiwo
Kifi ya zama mai yin jima'i, ya kai tsawon watanni 10-12. Koyaya, garken fursuna yana buƙatar wasu ka'idoji da za a bi. Abu na farko da yakamata a sani shine wadannan kifayen za su iya zuwa cikin ruwan tebur, gama zaɓan gida, shinge mai kauri don kiwo.
Idan wasu nau'in kifaye suna zaune a cikin tanki, suna iya zama barazanar toya. Spawning na iya faruwa bayan karuwa a yawan zafin jiki ta ruwa da yawa (digiri 28-30). Hardarfin ruwa kada ta fi 8 °, acidity - 6.5-7.0 pH.
Kifayen mata na iya yin kwalliya ta hanyar lalacewa idan mace daya ta maye gurbin namiji mai rinjaye. Yana fitar da manyan qwai 300-500, wanda ya shimfiɗa a ƙarƙashin duwatsu. An saka Caviar na tsawon awanni 72, bayan wasu kwanaki uku faranti zai fara iyo da kansu don neman abinci.
Farawa ciyarwa - gland na fata daga jikin iyayen, daga baya za'a iya basu larvae artemia, rotifers, cyclops. Fry makonni 2 da haihuwa bukatar shuka abinci - ba su letas da Dandelion scalded ta ruwan zãfi. Iyaye suna kula da yaransu da kansu.
Ciyar da ouaru
Abincin waɗannan kifayen yakamata ya kasance mai wadatar arziki. Daga abincin dabbobi ku bayar da jatan lande, tsutsa kogi, tubule, babban zubar jini, brine shrimp.
Yawancin menus na waɗannan cichlids sune abincin shuka. Misali, lemun tsami, daskararre ko kabeji. Hakanan zaka iya haɗa kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itace kamar su zucchini da apples.
Abubuwa iri-iri na daskararre dauke da duckweed da spirulina suma sun dace.
AQUA MANIAC - ruwa mai ruwa, kifi, tsirrai
WASU DA SOMIKI.
Kashi Na 7 AGUARUNA.
Kifi na Muscle ko Aguaruna, sunan kimiyya Aguarunichthys torosus, na gidan Pimelodidae ne (Pimelodovye ko kuma matattarar kifi mai cin gashin kansa). Sunan na biyu na wannan nau'in ana ba shi don girmamawa ga kabilar Indiyawan da ke zaune a cikin dajin Peruvian a kan kogin Maranion, inda masu binciken suka fara gano wannan kifin. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kifayen da ke cin naman dabbobi, yana da sauki a kula da yanayi da yawa, amma, ba a ba da shawarar farawa masu neman ruwa-ruwa ba ne.
Ya samo asali ne daga Kudancin Amurka daga kogin Maranion a cikin kwarin Amazon, wanda ke gudana yafi yawan ƙasashen Peru da Ekwado. Tana zaune a wurare daban-daban na duniya - koguna masu sauri suna gudana daga tsaunika, da tafkuna da tafkuna na tekun tare da babban kogin.
Ofarar akwatin akwatin kifin daga 500 l.
Darajar PH - 5.8-7.2
Rashin ruwa - 5-15 dGH
Nau'in substrate - kowane
Ruwa mai ruwa - ba
Motsa ruwa - rauni ko matsakaici
Girman kifin ya kai 34 cm.
Abinci - abinci mai narkewa don nau'in dabbobi
Mazan da suka manyanta sun kai tsawon 34 cm 7. Kifin kifi yana da jiki mai daɗewa tare da ƙaramin kai wanda ke da eriyoyi masu hankali. Insusoshin ba su da girma. Launin haske ne tare da yawancin jita-jita masu duhu.
Predator, a cikin yanayi yana ciyar da wasu kifayen. A cikin aquariums adapts zuwa madadin kayayyakin. Kuna iya ba da abinci na musamman don nau'in carnivorous, earthworms, nama na jatan lande, mussel, tube farin kifi. Ciyar da abinci sau 2-3 a mako.
Kyakkyawan girman akwatin kifaye don kifaye ɗaya yana farawa daga lita 500. Zane ba shi da mahimmanci sosai don adana kifin murkushe tsoka, babban abu shine samar da wurare da yawa kyauta. Yana da mahimmanci mafi mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingancin ruwa a cikin jigilar yawan zafin jiki da sigogin hydrochemical. Korar sharar gida (ragowar abinci da kuma keɓewa), wanda, saboda halayen abincin, ruwan ƙazantaccen ƙarfi, dole ne a ba shi damar. Kwanciyar hankali na yanayin da daidaituwar muhalli a cikin akwatin kifaye ya dogara ne akan tsarin matakan m don kiyayewarsa da ingantaccen aikin kayan aiki, musamman tsarin tacewa.
Ba ma bayyanannen abokantaka ba, a cikin yanayin rashin sarari zai fara gasa tare da dangi da sauran manyan kifayen ƙasa don albarkatun ƙasa da albarkatun abinci. Karamin sarari, da kara tsananta halin ya zama. Duk wani karamin kifi zai iya zama ganima, saboda haka ya kamata a cire su.
Abubuwan halaye na waje
Ouaru mai launin fari-baki yana da babban kai, idanu mai rawaya-zurfi suna kan sa, bakinsa yana da girma, da lebe mai kauri. Misalin jikin mutum baƙaƙe ne, ɗan ƙarami aka yi akan tarnaƙi, tsawan elongated, kunkuntar cikin wutsiya. A ƙashin ƙyallen ƙyallen kai da ƙwalƙwalwa akwai haskoki masu ƙima waɗanda suke da wannan bayyanuwar saboda bayyanar ɗabi'un ƙarshen duniya.
Waɗannan ƙyallen suna da tsayi, translucent, tare da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Babban launin jikin mutane na launin ruwan kasa shine launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin akwai samfurori masu ɗauke da sikeli masu launin shuɗi-fari a fararen fata. Hakanan akwai kifayen tare da ma'aunin launin beige mai launin kore da layin mara nauyi mai duhu.
Dubi mayukan fararen fata masu sanyin baki.
Kifin da ya manyanta yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfin kitse a makogwaro, da aibobi duhu guda uku: biyu a bayan ido, akan wutsiya, da ƙasa.
Matasa suna haɗe da yawancin launin ruwan kasa, wanda ke taimaka musu su kwaikwaye da yanayin, kare kansu daga haɗari.
Ana nuna rashin ƙarfi game da jima'i - jima'i yana da sauƙin tantancewa yayin ɓacin rai, lokacin da namiji ya sami fa'idar zuriya zuwa gefen, kuma mace tana da ovipositor mai siffar lu'u-lu'u.
Kifin mai launin baƙi yana da jikin disid, 20-30 cm tsayi. Rayuwar rayuwa a cikin bauta shine shekaru 8-10. Kifin balaga na wannan nau'in suna da launin launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, launin tabarau mai launin fata yana bayyane a sarari, saboda wanda kifin ya sami suna.
NASARA DA KYAUTATA SAURAN SA
Bai dace da tsayawa a cikin manyan ruwayoyin ruwa ba, amma ya dace da zama tare da sauran manyan cichlids a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Kudancin Amurka ta Kudu ba su da m fiye da takwarorinsu na Afirka, amma gabaɗaya duka sun dogara da girman akwatin kifaye.
Ana iya kiyaye ouara tare da kifin Tal (kodayake waɗannan kifaye masu taushi ba sune maƙwabta mafi kyau), tare da ƙararrawa mai cike da launin fata-caclazoma, cichlazoma lu'u-lu'u, cichlazomas mai launin baki, launin cichlazoma-takwas.
Gabaɗaya, suna tare da kusan duk wani nau'in cichlids, muddin ƙarshen ba ya taɓa su.
Huara baƙi mai launin fata, sune kifayen zamantakewar al'umma, suna buƙatar a kiyaye su a cikin nau'i-nau'i, ko kuma a sa mutane da yawa, sannan sai su haɓaka matsayi tare da bayyana yanayin halayensu. Gaskiya ne, irin wannan garken yana buƙatar wadataccen akwatin kifin.
Nicaraguan cichlazoma - kyakkyawa ne wanda ba a tsammani ba
Nicaraguan cichlazoma Hypsophrys nicaraguensis (wanda aka saba da shi a baya Cichlasoma nicaraguense) ba sabon abu bane a tsarin canza launi da jikinsa. Maza 'yan Nicaraguan sun fi maza girma, amma mace suna da kyan gani sosai.
Launi na jiki ya dogara ne da wurin da suke rayuwa a cikin yanayi, amma mafi kyawun launi shine ƙirar lu'u-lu'u, kai mai shuɗi mai haske da murfin haske, da ciki mai launin shuɗi.
Abin sha'awa, duk da cewa Nicaraguan cichlazoma ɗayan cichlids ne mai haske, ƙanenta ba rubutu bane, launin ruwan kasa a launi kuma baya jan hankali. A bayyane yake, sabili da haka, ba a gama gari ba ne, tunda yana da wuyar sayarwa da samun kuɗi, yayin da maras kyau ba mai haske bane.
Amma, idan kun san daidai irin nau'in kifin, to, wannan shine ɗayan cichlids mafi kyau wanda zai faranta muku rai shekaru da yawa.
Wannan babban kifi ne don duka ƙwararrun masanan kimiyyar ruwa. Kamar kowane tsarukan ciclids, Nicaraguan yanki ne kuma yana iya zama mai tayar da hankali ga maƙwabta.
Amma, duk da haka, ba ta da m sosai, musamman idan aka kwatanta da sauran manyan cichlids na Amurka ta Tsakiya.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
An fara bayyana Nicaraguan cichlazoma daga Gunther a shekara ta 1864. Yana zaune a Tsakiyar Amurka: a tafkin Nicaragua, a Kogin Matina a Costa Rica.
Ana samun su a cikin tabkuna da koguna mai rauni ko mara zurfi. Yaran suna ciyar da kwari, amma tsofaffi sun yi ƙaura zuwa detritus, tsaba, algae, katantanwa da sauran hanyoyin motsa jiki.
Wuya a cikin abun ciki
Nicaraguan cichlazoma babban ne, amma kifi mai salama ne. Abu ne mai sauki a kiyaye, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar wani gogewa, saboda ƙarancin ya tilasta ƙarancin su.
Koyaya, idan mai samar da ruwa na novice na iya samar da filin da keɓaɓɓu, tsabtataccen ruwa, ciyar da ya dace da maƙwabta, to babu matsala tare da abubuwan da ke cikin.
Dace da sauran kifayen
Kamar kowane yanki, yankin ƙasar Nicaraguan da m don kare yankin sa. Ko ta yaya, ba ta da wulaƙanci fiye da sauran nau'ikan cichlids na girmanta.
Ana iya kiyaye shi tare da sauran cichlids - kudan zuma, mai fiɗa baƙar fata, mai tawali'u, salvini. Ana ajiye su a cikin wata, wanda ya fi sauƙi a ɗauka idan ka sayi ƙananan kifayen 6-8 da haɓaka su, tare da ba da lokaci don kanka don ƙayyade ma'aurata.
Banbancin jinsi
Ba shi da sauƙi a rarrabe mace daga namiji a cikin cichlids na Nicaraguan. Namijin yana da girma kuma yana da ƙarin adadin ƙosar ƙanƙan jariri.
Bugu da kari, kitsen kitse yana tasowa a kan kan namiji, kodayake a dabi'a shi ne na ɗan lokaci kuma yana bayyana ne kawai a lokacin tsiya. Mace tana da ƙanƙanta fiye da namiji kuma mafi yawan launuka tana da launi.
Kiwo
Nikaraguan cichlazoma ya sami nasarar haifuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Sun sanya caviar a cikin ramuka, amma ya kamata a ɗauke su azaman nau'i biyu, waɗanda ke buƙatar ramuka da shinge masu yawa.
Sun haƙa rami a cikin matsuguni, saboda caviar na Nicaraguan ba shi da ƙarfi kuma ba za su iya haɗa shi da ganuwar mafaka ba.
Mace ta sanya ƙwai, wanda yake shi ne m kuma manyan (2 mm). A cikin zafin jiki na 26 ° C, yana sauka a rana ta uku, kuma bayan wasu kwanaki 4-5, namiji zai yi iyo.
Daga wannan lokacin za'a iya ciyar da shi tare da brine shrimp nauplii. Iyaye suna kulawa da caviar da soya koyaushe, mafi dacewa, mace tana kula da ita, kuma namiji yana kiyaye ta.
Kifi Oranda: fasali na kulawa da kulawa
Masana aquarists na zamani, lokacin da suka yanke shawarar yin ƙaramin kusurwa na duniyar ruwa, suna ƙoƙarin zaɓar wasu mazaunan ban sha'awa da baƙon abu ga shi. Tabbas, wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda duk wani akwatin kifayen yakamata ya zama adon gidan, kuma mafi jan hankalin mutane a ciki.
Koyaya, akwai waɗancan kifayen waɗanda sun riga sun saba da kowa, amma suna da irin wannan rashin daidaitaccen yanayin wanda har yanzu basu rasa karɓar shahararsu ba, har ma da sauran sababbin samfurori daban-daban kamar ƙaya ko zebrafish GloFish. Wannan ruwan lemu ne, wanda a zahiri, nau'in kifin zinari ne.
Wannan dabbar tana da banbanci sosai ba kawai ta kusanci da dangi na kusa ba, har ma da sauran kifayen bisa manufa. Oranda yana da fasali iri ɗaya kamar na zirin zinare na al'ada. Tana da cikakkun mayafin lullubewar jiki, jiki mai fitarwa.
Koyaya, ya bambanta cikin cewa yana da haɓaka a kai. Zai iya samun nau'i da launuka iri-iri. A wasu, ƙarami ne kuma yana a saman idanun kawai. Ga waɗansu, yana rufe kansa gaba ɗaya har ma da maƙarƙashiya.
Saboda halin sa, kowane mutum yana kula da wannan kifin a yadda yake. Wadansu mutane sun yarda cewa wannan mummunar dabi'a ce kuma suna wasa da ita, suna kiransa "blackberry floating". Ga waɗansu, irin wannan “guntu” ga sifofinsu ne, domin da ita dabbar tana da kamar baƙon abu.
Wannan kifin bashi da wurin zama na ɗabi'a. Wani nau'in scrofula ne kawai kuma an fasa shi da wucin gadi a cikin tsohuwar kasar Sin, daga baya ta je Japan.
Kakannin kakanninta shine keɓaɓɓen kifin jirgin ruwa mai tsabta (dangin cyprinids), wanda ya riga ya sami launi na zinare tare da mutum.
Sannan masu shayarwa harma suna gasa ire-irensu iri daban daban, da suka hada da telescopes, lu'u-lu'u, mayafin wutiri, rukunin fuka-fukai, kuma tabbas, leda.
Zai yi wuya a rarrabe mutane ta hanyar jinsi. Ainihi, bambance-bambance suna bayyana a lokacin tsalle-tsalle. A cikin maza, tubercles suna bayyana akan maƙogwaron farin ciki, kuma mace ta sami ciki mai zagaye. Da kyau, kuma a ƙari, yana yiwuwa a tantance jinsi ta halayya, tunda maza ke raye mace sosai yayin kiwo.
Haɓakawa akan kai na iya samun mafi kyawun fasali da launi. A wasu, ƙarami ne kuma yana a saman idanun kawai. Ga waɗansu, yana rufe kansa gaba ɗaya har ma da maƙarƙashiya.
Oranda kanta sosai unpretentious da Hardy. Koyaya, har yanzu tana buƙatar samar da wasu yanayi na tsarewa wanda zata iya jin daɗin rayuwa, girma da kyau kuma ba zai rasa kyakkyawa na ɗabi'a ba. A zahiri, kulawa kamar haka:
Akwatin kifaye. Yana da mahimmanci cewa yana da fili. A kowane hali yakamata a baka jagora zuwa bayanan tallace-tallace ko bayanan masu siye da cewa waɗannan kifayen suma zasu iya siyan karamin akwatin kifaye, kuma koda "gilashi" zagaye zasuyi.
Ba ko kadan, wannan dabbar tana buƙatar jakar kwantena mai cike da fa'ida. Tana girma zuwa 15-20 cm, sabili da haka yana da mahimmanci cewa tana da wurin da za ta iya iyo da sauri. Amma, a Bugu da kari, babban kifi yana haifar da babban kaya akan ma'aunin nazarin halittu na akwatin kifaye.
Sabili da haka, lokacin sayen, kuna buƙatar yin lissafi saboda mutum ɗaya yana da akalla lita 50,
Tsarin ruwa. Kamar kowane crucian, oranda yana ƙaunar ruwan sanyi a tsakanin digiri 18-22. Yayi da kauri shine sakandare, wannan dabbar ma bata kula dasu sosai.
Wasu masu siyarwa na iya da'awar cewa, akasin haka, kifin zinar ya fi son ruwan dumi. Ba ko kaɗan. A yanayin zafi, ba su da lafiya da kaɗan (yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta ba sa rayuwa a 28-30 ° C), amma a lokaci guda ana rage yawan tsammanin rayuwarsu.
A cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi, ba shi da mahimmanci tsawon lokacin da "samfurin" ke zaune. Babban abu shine cewa baya rashin lafiya kuma an sayar dashi da sauri,
Priming. Ba shi da mahimmanci, amma yana da kyawawa don kasancewa ko ƙarami ko babba. Duwatsu masu girma-matsakaita na iya makale a bakin dabbar, sannan kuma lallai ne za su iya fitar da shi daga akwatin kifaye sannan su cire wani abu daga kasashen waje da kansu, ta amfani da hancin,
Shuke-shuke. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ruwan leda yana kunshe ne a cikin katako mai fili, inda tsire-tsire na wucin gadi ko kowane nau'i na katako, jiragen ruwa ko daskararren itace yawanci ana amfani da su daga kayan ado. Rayuwa flora, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba ta tsira, saboda waɗannan kifayen suna da yawa amma kuma suna ganuwa a matsayin manyan riguna.
Abinda kawai zaɓi shine sayo tsire-tsire tare da tushen tushen iko da ganye mai wuya. Misali, zai iya zama Anubias, nau'ikan nau'ikan cryptocoryne, echinodorus. Har ila yau, Ferns sun dace.
Idan aka hada abincin abincin daidai, to zaku iya ƙara samun fure mai taushi kamar ludwigia, nymphaea,
Haske. Ba shi da mahimmanci, amma kayan gyaran wuta tare da LEDs daban-daban sun fi dacewa, waɗanda ke jaddada launi na kifin kuma ya sa su zama cikakke,
Cutar. Babu wani takamaiman ra'ayi a cikin waɗannan dabbobi. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, suna rayuwa sama da shekaru 10 kuma basu yin rashin lafiya. Amma idan abin da ke ciki ba daidai ba ne, to, "semolina", aeromonosis (rubella ce), da sauransu na iya bayyana.
Kamar kowane kifin zinari, ruwan lemo na da kyau sosai, ana ciyar da wakar manya ne sau ɗaya kawai a rana.
Na dabam daraja ambata raba abinci. Oranda kifi ne mai tsananin voracious wanda bashi da nutsuwa. Sabili da haka, da farko, bai kamata a overfed ba. Ana iya ciyar da matasa girma sau biyu a rana, amma saboda a cikin mintuna 5 duk abincin yana ci. Idan mutum ya girma, sukan ba shi abinci sau ɗaya kawai a rana.
Dalilin menu ya kamata ya zama abincin shuka. Wannan na iya zama abincin dabbobi na musamman daga masana'antun. Amma kuma wajibi ne a ba da Peas sau 1-2 a mako, tunda yana daidaita yanayin narkewa. Ya dace da waɗanda aka sayar a cikin manyan kantuna. Ya isa ƙusar da shi da ruwan zãfi, tsaftace shi ya ba wa dabbobi. Manyan mutane suna buƙatar Peas, matsakaici - 2, ƙarami - ba fiye da ɗaya ba.
Hakanan zaka iya ba artemia mako-mako. Yana inganta haɓakar kifi, amma tare da ciyar da abinci akai-akai yana haifar da kiba. Bugu da kari, Oranda yana son kayan lambu iri-iri da sauran ciyayi. Tare da nishaɗin ci scalded plantain, Dandelion. Ba ya yin watsi da zucchini da tafasasshen kabeji, kabeji, kabewa har ma da wasu 'ya'yan itace kamar banana.
Fasalin halayen
Akwai 'yan shayarwa masu yawa waɗanda suka lura cewa abubuwan da aka bayyana sune cichlomas halittu ne masu haɓaka. Wato, a farkon tafiyar rayuwarsu, suna ƙirƙirar ma'aurata waɗanda zasu kasance tare da su tsawon rayuwa. Bisa manufa, ana rarrabe mutane da halayyar zaman lafiya, duk da haka, zasu iya yin gwagwarmaya tare da sauran mazaunan yankin akwatin kifaye akan yankin.
Don ƙirƙirar yanayi ingantacce don haɗin kai na waɗannan wakilan dangin Tsykhlov, yana da mahimmanci kada ku mamaye rijiyar, ku sarrafa kifin a lokaci guda, kuma ku tabbata cewa sun yi daidai. Yana da kyau a tabbata cewa mutane suna da isassun mafaka inda zasu iya ɓoyewa daga sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Kiwo da kiwo
Ganin cewa namiji da mace suna zaban juna sau ɗaya kuma don rayuwa, zai fi kyau idan tsalle-tsalle ya faru a cikin akwatin kifaye daban da aka keɓe musamman don wannan. Capacityarfin ƙarfinsa yakamata ya zama akalla lita 60. Tsakuwa mai kyau ta dace kamar ƙasa, inda macen zata haƙa rami don saka ƙwai.
Bayan namiji ya hadi da qwai, mace zata kula da su, a hankali ake rarrabe su. An sani cewa lokacin shiryawa yana daga kwana biyu zuwa hudu. Da farko, larvae tare da kwai gwaiduwa ya bayyana. Bayan kwana biyar bayan wannan, toya bayyana, waɗanda ke buƙatar ciyar da abinci da masu farawa.
Ana kiyaye "Iyaye" tare da yara matasa har sai jariran sun kai diamita 1 cm. Furtherari ga haka, za a sake sanya mutane da suka manyanta zuwa cikin akwatin ruwa na gama gari. Idan ba a yi wannan akan kan lokaci ba, cichlids zasu iya cin 'ya'yansu. Kifi zai kasance a shirye don kiwo da kiwo tun yana da shekaru 8-9.
Cututtuka, rigakafin su
Nicaraguan cichlazoma na cikin koshin lafiya. Mafi yawan lokuta, tana dauke da cututtuka kamar:
- kiba,
- dystrophy na gabobin ciki,
- gajiyawar jiki.
Mafi kyawun rigakafin faruwar irin waɗannan yanayi shine zaɓin abincin da aka zaɓa da kyau, riƙe tsabta a cikin akwatin kifaye. Yana da mahimmanci don kare kifin daga yanayin damuwa.
Kada ku kula da gaskiyar cewa nau'in nau'in cichlids ba a la'akari da ɗayan mashahuri ba. Yana da mahimmanci mafi mahimmanci cewa kulawa da kulawa da ta dace zai sa su zama mafi kyawun ado don gidan har ma da farawa masu binciken ruwa.
Abincin & Yanayi
Aguaruna a cikin yanayi shine ainihin tsinkaye, tushen abincin da shine kifi na wasu nau'in halittu. Idan an sanya (kifin kifi) a cikin akwatin kifaye, to da sauri ana amfani dashi don ciyar da madadin, a cikin siyan abinci na musamman ko wasu kayan abinci na asalin dabbobi.Aguaruna suna cin ciyawar ƙasa, nama jatan lande, da kuma farin farin kifi sau da yawa a sati.
Yarda da hali
Kifayen ƙwayoyin tsoka suna da ƙarfi a cikin yanayi. Gaskiya ne wannan gaskiyar ga kifayen ruwa, saboda koyaushe basu da isasshen sarari don wannan kifin. A irin waɗannan yanayi, wannan kifin ya cancanci yin gasa, duka na danginsa da kuma sauran manyan nau'in kifayen da ke jagorantar rayuwa mai kusanci. A sauƙaƙe suna fitar da su daga ƙasarsu, yayin da suke kwashe manyan albarkatun abinci.
Sakamakon lura da abubuwan lura, an gano cewa a cikin yanayin aquariums, idan akwai rashin ƙarfi, kifin akwatin kifayen da ke wakiltar "Babban kifin mai cin gashin kanta" yana nuna matsin lamba. A wannan yanayin, duk wani ƙaramin kifin kifin ya zama wanda aka azabtar da wannan maharbin.
A ƙarshe
Iyalai da yawa suna mafarkin shigar da akwatin kifaye tare da kifi a gida. Wannan ba wai kawai wani abu bane wanda ke kawo kusancin yan gida kusa da yanayi, amma kuma kayan adon kayan ado, musamman a lokacinmu, lokacin da yawa sun zama masu sabuntawa mai araha. Yaya za a yi ado irin wannan ɗakin? Tambayar tana da ban sha'awa kuma kowa yana magance wannan matsalar ta hanyarsu. Kowa na son shi ya zama kamar ba wani. A lokaci guda, kowa yana son yin alfahari da wani abu na musamman. Kuma a nan akwatin kifayen abin da kuke buƙata. Idan ka shimfida shi daidai kuma ka sanya kifi na musamman a ciki, to tabbas zai sami matsayin girmamawarsa a cikin gidan da yake da kayan zamani. Ya fi girma akwatin kifaye, mafi kyau kuma mafi kyan gani zai duba, yana dacewa da zane na zamani.
Abin baƙin ciki, ba kowa bane a shirye don sarrafa duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na abubuwan. A matsayinka na mai mulki, kafin mai shi ya fahimci cewa wannan kasuwancin ba shi da sauki, kifayen kifi sun mutu daga gare ta. Yawancin magoya baya a wannan matakin "saƙa", yayin da suka fara fahimtar cewa ba za su iya biyan hankali kamar yadda ya cancanta ba. Mafi yawan masu taurin kai suna ci gaba da "azabtar da" kifin kuma a sakamakon haka sun zama ƙwararrun masu neman tsarin ruwa. Tabbas, akwai 'yan mutane irin waɗannan, amma abin da suke yi ya cancanci girmamawa da kwaikwayo. Kowa na son rayuwa da kyau!