Sunadarai suna cikin tsarin dabbobi masu shayarwa kuma masu haɓaka ne. An rarraba su a duk faɗin duniya, inda akwai dazuzzukan daji masu rikitarwa, ban da Australia. Gabaɗaya, kusan talatin daga nau'ikansu ana samunsu. Yankin murabba'in launin toka ne, ko kuma an sakaya sunansa a cikin '' Caroline '', mazaunin gargajiya yana gabashin gabashin Amurka, har ma a Kanada. Yanzu yana kiwo sosai a Turai, inda aka dawo dashi cikin karni na 19, inda dabbar ta mallaki yankin Burtaniya.
Inda ta fi son zama Caroline squirrel
Squirrel squreyrel fi son gandun daji, inda kudan zuma da itacen oak suke girma, tare da haɗe da bishiyoyi Kirsimeti da dabino. Tana buƙatar yanki ba ƙarami ba - kimanin kadada arba'in. Amma tana daidai daidaitawa a wuraren shakatawa inda mutane ke ciyar da ita ko'ina cikin shekara, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga dabba, musamman lokacin hunturu. A cikin wuraren shakatawa, waɗannan dabbobin suna saurin fahimtar da mutane da daina kulawa da su, suna sauka ƙasa tare da gangar jikin bishiyoyi kai tsaye zuwa ƙasa. Masu yawon bude ido a Ingila sun yi farin ciki da cewa kujerun ya karbe komai daga hannunsa: kwayoyi, hamburgers, sandwiches, kuki. Wadannan squirrels ba sa son karnuka, saboda haka sukan zauna a kan rassan maimakon ƙasa mai ban dariya da ban dariya, suna ba da kare wanda ba zai iya kai su ba. A dabi'ance, maƙiyinsu baƙaƙe ne, kayan maye, gaggafa, shaho, har ma da kuliyoyi.
Kwaro Gwaiba
A Ingila, inda aka kawo ta, launin toka ya samu karbuwa da sauri, tunda ba ta da abokan gaba a can. Baya ga abincin da ta saba a cikin mahaifarta, da sauri ta isa ga lambuna kuma ta fara tono kwararan fitila, ta cinye ciyawa akan bishiyoyi, ku ci samari na ƙwaya, fure da furanni, kwamba, da abinci a cikin masu ciyar da tsuntsaye.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa squirrels sun kasance launin toka kuma sun kasance a cikin Ingila ba kawai don lambu ba, farauta gonaki, har ma ga gwamnatin abokan gaba A'a. 1. Ba a ba su izini kawai ba, har ma an karfafa su don farauta. Amma wannan hanyar ba ta yarda da jimrewa ba tare da ƙaruwa da sauri, koda yake furotin yana da tsawon rayuwa. Yana da kimanin shekaru hudu. Bugu da kari, wannan sinadarin yana dauke da keken fatar. Yana da kyau cewa allurar rigakafin cutar fulawa a kusan dukkanin kasashe masu wayewa wajibi ne.
Gidajen dabbobi
Ga wani gida mai filawa, mai launin toka ya zaɓi wani rami ko kuma gidan tsohuwar al'umma, wadda yumɓu ya haɗa shi. Kamar daga sama, ta rufe ta da murfi. Kuma a ciki an yi lilin da furfura, danshi, busasshiyar ciyawa. Ganuwar gida ba ta busawa, kamar yadda basu da gibin. Irin wannan tsarin tare da diamita na 43-91 cm ana kiranta Gayno.
Yana gina irin wannan furotin na Guyo-don samar da squirrels. Namiji baya shiga cikin halittar mazaunin. Don kansa, ya sami nasarorin da tsuntsayen suka bar. Idan launin toka ya tozarta zuriyar, to, yana da hasan more nests ko m a cikin ta ajiye.
A fata ne karami, kuma gaba daya tsirara. An haife su da launin shuɗi, kuma kawai lokacin da suka girma, za a rufe su da kyakkyawar gashi mai launin shuɗi. A hanyar, suna da tsawa kawai. Wannan shine abin da mutane ke kira gashin baki. Zuriya suna bayyana sau biyu a shekara. Yawancin lokaci ana haife uku zuwa hudu, waɗanda furotin ke ciyar da shi tare da madara tsawon watanni biyu. Sa'an nan idanunsu bude, to, sai su yi girma tare da Jawo gashi kuma a cikin shekara juya zuwa manya.
Rayuwa a lokacin bazara da hunturu
A ranar zafi, haɗuwa da squirrel launin toka kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Tana kwance a gidanta, tana zaɓar yin safiyar safe ko maraice, lokacin da zafin iska ya riga ya faɗi. Ta hanyar hunturu, dabbar tana shiryawa a hankali. Don hunturu, ba ya hibernate.
Veksha - ja squirrel
Kare mu na talakawa cikakku ne. Yana da kusan cm 10 tsayi, kuma dole ne a ƙara ƙarin ashirin zuwa wutsiyar. Don haka, sunadarai da launin toka sun bambanta sosai ba kawai launi ba har ma da girma. Gashin vexa yayi kyau sosai, saboda dabbar tana da girma fiye da yadda take. Idanunta sun manyanta, kunnuwanta suna da tsawo tare da tassels, waɗanda a bayyane suke bayyane a cikin hunturu. Tare da dogayen kaif a yatsun ta, ya manne sosai ga kwarin bishiyoyi kuma yana saurin motsawa daga reshe na bakin ciki zuwa wani, makamancin wannan. Wataƙila babu wanda ya taɓa ganin vechsa ta faɗi.
Yadda launi na dabba ya canza
A lokacin bazara-bazara, squirrel mimics, da sutturar ta, mai kauri da kauri, sun zama launin shuɗi kamar jawar bishiyoyi da rassan. A wannan lokacin, mafarauta ba sa sha'awar ta. Ta hanyar hunturu, tana molting motsi sosai. Mayafin ya yi kauri, taushi da danshi. Bugu da kari, launinta ya canza - fatar ta zama launin toka.
An yi sa'a, har yanzu ba a kawo squirrel squirrel Rasha ba. Ba a san abin da zai faru ba. Bayan duk wannan, na tuna cewa ƙwaro irin ƙwaro na Colorado ya taɓa zuwa gare mu daga ko'ina cikin teku tare da duk sakamakon da aka sani.
Bayanin da fasali na squirrel launin toka
Wannan dabba ita ce mafi sauƙin lura. Ana samunsu a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birane da kuma gandun daji gauraye. Me yasa squirrel launin toka ya zaɓi waɗannan wuraren? A cikinsu, ya fi sauƙi mata ta yi jiƙa a duk shekara.
Don ganin squirrel a cikin dukkan ɗaukakarsa, kawai kuna buƙatar zama ko tsayawa babu motsi na ɗan wani lokaci. Wadannan dabbobin suna saba wa gaban mutane da sauri.
Furanninsu na iya zama a cikin manya-manyan bishiyoyi ko tsakanin manyan rassan. Na biyun a cikin bayyanannen rashin hankalinsu yana da matukar annashuwa game da mazaunin hankakan. Wani lokaci sukan mamaye filayen hankaka kuma suna gama gina su da rassan itace.
Don haka, mahalli yana kare su sosai daga mummunan yanayi. A hankali ana cika magudanun abinci tare da gansakuka, ciyawar bushewa, fuka-fukan ko ciyawar. A ciki, ana samun ingantaccen gida da kwanciyar hankali. Dabba tayi bacci, ta lullube shi cikin wani rami a cikin dunƙule ya ɗaura wutsiyarsa mai laushi.
Suna cikin tsarin rodents. A hoto na squirrels launin toka kyawawan kyawun su bayyane. Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar squirrel talakawa ya kai cm 45-50. Wutsiyarsa mara nauyi ce wacce take da tsawon matsakaici na 18-25 cm.
Yatsun yatsu hudu a kan gaban dabba na dabba, biyar a kan kafafu na baya. Hindayoyin kafaffun hular suna yi tsawon rai. Grey squirrel kai ado tare da matsakaici-sized tassels.
Launin waɗannan dabbobin yana mamaye sautunan launin toka mai duhu tare da launin ja da launin ruwan kasa. Wani lokaci zaku iya lura da launin farar fata. Squirrel launin toka ne a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara ƙone fita kadan.
Haƙiƙa mai ban sha'awa ita ce, abubuwan kwantar da tarzomarsu suna girma cikin rayuwa. Saboda haka, suna kasancewa a garesu koyaushe, duk da cewa dabbobi kusan galibi suna fasa twigs wuya.
Squirrels na launin toka na iya tsalle mai nisan mil 6. Wadannan tsalle-tsalle suna kara fadadawa yayin lokacin dabbar, lokacin da namiji, yake bin mace ta cikin bishiyoyi, tsalle-tsalle har sai ya cinye ta.
Irin wannan tsalle tsararren halayen dabbobi ne, saboda tsarin halittar kafafunsu. Tare da taimakon kafafu mai ƙarfi da tsoka, squirrels na iya hawa gangar jikin da sauri.
Ganyacin da dan yatsan sa ya taimaka wa dabbar ta dage a kan bishiyoyin. Hakanan wutsiya tana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Tare da taimakonsa, dabbar tana ba da kanta ma'auni yayin waɗannan tsalle-tsalle.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Hoto: Grey squirrel
Yankin gabas ko Caroline squirrel launin toka (Sciurus carolinensis) ya zo mana a Turai daga Arewacin Amurka. A farko, an gabatar da ire-iren wadannan tsiran ne zuwa tsibirin Birtaniyya a tsakiyar karni na 19. A hankali, wannan nau'in ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai da Rasha, wanda aka samo a cikin gandun daji, wuraren shakatawa, tsire-tsire, a cikin tsibirin taiga na Rasha da kuma yankuna-gandun daji.
Ana kiran magabatan squirrel Isirbyromyides, wanda ya samo asali daga baya a cikin Sciurides, ya rayu a Arewacin Amurka sama da shekaru miliyan 40 da suka gabata. Daga wannan nau'in ya samo asali ne daga dabbobin zamani, squirrels, American, squirrels na tsuntsayen Jafananci da karnukan makiyaya. Nau'in zamani "Matsakaicin Tsalle" Sciurus vulgaris yana kusan shekaru miliyan 3 da haihuwa.
Rayuwa & Habitat
Motocin tanda suna amfani da lokaci kyauta a gidajensu, wanda yawanci suke adana wadataccen wadataccen abinci. Koma ƙasa, dabbobi suna ƙoƙari su kasance kusa da rami mai ceton. Waɗannan dabbobin da ke da ƙima suna haƙa abincinsu a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Wani lokacin sukan manta game da shi da ciyawa tare da kwayoyi suna fitar da sabbin bishiyoyi.
Taimakon taimakon jawo mai kauri mai kauri da launin launuka zuwa gaba ɗayan yanayin, toshe murabba'in daga dabbobi ne da ke iyakantawa. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba su da abokan gaba na zahiri saboda a cikin kewayon 'yan dabbobin akwai suchan irin waɗannan dabbobi da suke son bibiyar ganima, da kuma ganima mai sauri.
Sun fi son yankin coniferous da deciduous itatuwa, kazalika da bushes, lambuna da wuraren shakatawa. Dayawa daga cikin firgita ba sa jin tsoro kuma suna zaune a manyan biranen, kusa da mutane. A cikin wuraren shakatawa na London da New York, squirrels suna tsalle daga wannan reshe zuwa wani, ba kula da rayuwa ba, sun zama ruwan dare gama gari.
A cikin kullun, waɗannan dabbobin suna tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe, daga itace zuwa ƙasa da baya don samun abincin kansu. Bayan wannan, kowane dare sukan dawo don daren zuwa bulonsu.
Hoto shi ne squirrel launin toka a cikin m
Ba su da wayewar kai sosai ta kariya ta yankin su, amma waɗannan dabbobin ba sa farin ciki musamman game da kusancin. Ba su haifar da ma'aurata ba, amma suna rayuwa dabam. Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa a cikin lokacin kiwo guda namiji yana tare da mata da yawa.
Squirrels ba su fada cikin rashin isasshen yanayi ba, amma a cikin mummunan yanayi ba za su iya hawa daga cikin rami na dogon lokaci ba. Tun daga farkon farawa, ana iya ganin kujerun launin toka a gabashin Arewacin Amurka kuma daga Manyan Tabkuna zuwa Florida. Yanzu squirrel launin toka zaune a cikin jihohin yammacin Amurka, Ireland, Burtaniya da ta Afirka ta Kudu.
Bidiyo: Matsakaiciyar Raba
A matsayin dabbobi, an mai da dabbobin ruwa a tsohuwar Roma. A cikin labarin tarihi, almara da tatsuniyoyi na India da Jamus, kujerun suna da wuri na musamman. Misali, a cikin allahn Jamusanci Donar yayi la'akari da squirrel wata dabba ce mai alfarma, godiya ga rigan Jawo. Kuma a cikin almara na Indiya, kurege yana da iko ya lalata dukkan teku da wutsiyarsa.
Sunan "squirrel" a fassara daga harshen Girkanci yana nufin "inuwa, wutsiya", wanda ya dace sosai ga wannan dabba mai ragble da agile, wanda yake motsawa kamar walƙiya, yana barin inuwa kawai saboda wutsiyarsa mai shewa. A cikin Latin, launin toka ya yi kama da launin toka (Sciurus carolinensis). A cikin tsoffin rubuce-rubucen Rasha, ana kiran furotin a matsayin "veksha".
An sauƙaƙe yaduwar cikin sauri ta rashin rakiyar masu farauta waɗanda za su farauto su kamar a Arewacin Amurka. Yanayin da ke cikin Turai ya fi sauƙi, lokacin bazara yana da zafi sosai, saboda haka dabbobin suna rayayyu da mamaye sabbin yankuna. Ana iya samun murabba'in gabas (launin toka) a kowane yanki ban da Ostireliya da kuma ƙasashe masu canjin yanayin Rum.
Abincin Grey
Wannan ƙaramar dabba da namble ba za su iya tsayawa a rana ba tare da abinci, a cikin hunturu kuma. Ba su da iko, kamar dabbobi masu yawa, don tara ƙarfin makamashi don su iya zama ba tare da abinci na dogon lokaci ba.
Kwayoyi - squirrels abinci da aka fi so
Suna nuna ayyukan su da safe da maraice. Abincin a cikin dabbobi ya dogara gaba daya akan shekara. A watan Janairu, squirrels suna farin ciki da twigs. A watan Mayu, ana amfani da harbe-harbe matasa da fure.
Tun Satumba, lokacin da aka fi so yana farawa ga squirrels, wanda ke jin daɗin su da ƙoshin ƙoshinsu da aka fi so, ciyawa da ƙwayaye. Don squirrels squirrels, babu shinge.
Zasu iya nemo gidan, lalata shi kuma ku ci ƙwai kawai tsuntsayen, har ma da kajin. A cikin bazara, suna jin daɗin cin kwararan fitila na shuka.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: squirrel na launin toka na dabbobi
Squirrel launin toka yana da tsayi da tsoka, gajerun kafafu tare da doguwar ajali, kuma babu tassels a kan tukin kunnuwa, sabanin jan kursi. Kafafu na baya suna da yatsu biyar, kuma gaban yatsun guda huɗu ne kawai, wanda ke taimaka mata tayi saurin tashi daga reshe zuwa reshe. Dogayen zango suna ba ta damar riƙe ta da ƙarfi kuma ba ta faɗo daga babban bishiyar itace.
Nauyin mutum ya kai kimanin 1000 g, tsayin jikin mutum ya kai cm 32. Sun fi girma kuma sun fi karfin danginsu - kodan ja. A halin yanzu, kusan sun maye gurbinsu da mazauninsu na asali. Launi ya kasance daga ash ash zuwa launin toka mai duhu, ciki kuma fari ne, akan kafafu akwai launi mai launin zinare da ja. A waje, bashi yiwuwa a rarrabe tsakanin mace da namiji; dabbobi suna kama iri ɗaya ne.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Dogon wutsiya shine 2/3 na tsawon jikinta kuma yana taimaka mata tsalle mai nisa. Wutsiya kariya ne daga sanyi, zafi kuma yana taimakawa ci gaba da daidaitawa. Tsalle na mita shida ba iyaka bane na ikon jiki na squirrel launin toka. A cikin hunturu da bazara, garken squirrel da suttura suna canzawa.
Ana shirya lokacin hunturu, kurege ya ci mai yawa, yana tara mai, ya danganta da lokacin, Jawo ya yi lokacin farin ciki da dumin. Matsakaitan matsakaitan mutane kimanin shekaru biyar ne; wasu mutane sun tsira zuwa shekaru goma sha biyu, amma a kamoto. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, inda yanayin yayi tsauri, sunadarai basu da ƙasa, mutane da yawa sun mutu daga sanyi da cuta.
Squirrel launin toka yana da aiki sosai, yana motsawa koyaushe don neman abinci. Tana da manyan idanu da fadi-da-kafa, saboda matsayinsu a fuskar dabba, dabbar tana da fuska mai fadi, don haka tana ganin hadari sosai. Saboda kyakkyawan fur, furotin ya zama abu don farauta da kamun kifi. Jawo Jawo musamman ana yaba shi.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Mace na iya miji sau biyu kawai a shekara, maza za su iya yin wannan ba ƙarshen. Lokacin shakatawa a cikin dabbobi ana ganinsa da yawan hayaniya da fuskoki. Sau da yawa zaka iya lura da yadda mahaɗan dawakai biyu suke kulawa da maraice guda ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya.
Suna ƙoƙari ko kaɗan don jawo hankalinta ga kansu, suna yin laɓe a kan rassan tare da motsin su kuma suna yin babbar rawa. Bayan cin nasarar mace, an samu isasshen abinci, sai namiji ya koma gidansa.
A kan haka aikinsa na uba ya ƙare. Ba ya shiga cikin lokacin haihuwa, kuma a lokacin ciyar da reno jarirai. Bayan kwana 44, da haihuwa, kananan yara 2-3, masu kuzari da marasa taimako ana haifan su.
Suna ciyar da madara nono kowane awanni 3-4. Bayan kamar kwana 30, idanunsu a buɗe. Bayan sun cika makonni 7, sannu a hankali suka fara barin rami tare da mahaifiyarsu kuma suna koyan duk ƙwarewar da suka wajaba ga balaga. Squirrels na launin toka ba su daɗe - shekaru 3-4.
A ina ne squirrel zaune?
Photo: Grey squirrel
A matsayinsa na mazaunin, squirrel ya fi dacewa ya zauna a cikin gandun daji hade ko coniferous, zai fi dacewa tare da babban yanki. Iraya daga cikin kurege zai iya mamaye yankin da ya kai kadada 4. Ji ya fi kyau a cikin wani yanayi sauyin yanayi. Ba za a iya same su a cikin kwari da hamada ba, suna guje wa wuraren buɗe ido.
A doron kasa, squirrel baya jin tsoro, don haka a mafi karancin tarzoma sai ya gudu zuwa cikin bishiyoyi. A matsayin gida, kumatu mai launin toka suna zaɓar kumburin tsuntsu mai ban sha'awa ko watsi. Idan babu inda ya dace, to zai iya gina wani nau'in buɗa baki a cokali mai yatsa a cikin rassan. A cikin lambuna ko wuraren shakatawa, tana iya tsayawa a gidan tsuntsu.
A lokacin zafi, ta fi son yin bacci a cikin wani gida mai sanyi, kuma suna samun abinci tun da sassafe da yamma. Squirrel launin toka yana guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye da danshi. Wannan dabba ce ta rana, mai aiki ne kawai da rana. Yawancin murabba'i sun zauna kusa da mutanen da galibi suna ciyar da su cikin fayilolin musamman.
Menene furotin mai launin toka ke ci?
HOTO: squirrel squirrel a Rasha
Squirrel launin toka na mallakar omnivores, kamar yawancin rodents.
Babban abincin su:
kwayoyi
iri iri
'ya'yan itãcen marmari,
harbe na kananan bishiyoyi,
mazugi tsaba
kwari
acorns
hazelnuts.
A lokacin kiwo, bukatunsu na gina jiki yana ƙaruwa, saboda haka za su iya cin rana, ƙwai ko kajin matasa. Idan yunwar ta shiga, toka ta zama kwaro: tana ci da haushi da tonon bishiyoyi, suna ba da gudummawa ga mutuwarsu. Idan a kusa akwai filaye tare da alkama, masara, tono kwararan fitila daga ƙasa.Ko da gadaje na fure suna cikin haɗari, squirrels na iya sake dawowa da kansu tare da furanni idan ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙoshin nectar yana jan hankalin su.
Don lokacin hunturu, squirrel launin toka yana sanya ajiyar ga hunturu. Rayuwar sunadarai a lokacin sanyi ya dogara da yawansu. Sukan ɓoye hannun jari a cikin rassan, Suna binne a kusa da tushen itaciya, suna ɓoye cikin ɓawon itace. Waɗannan nau'ikan berries iri ne, busasshen namomin kaza, tsaba, cones. Idan wani ya sami kayan ajiyar ta a farkon, squirrel bazai tsira daga lokacin sanyi ba.
Motoci suna da ingantaccen ƙwaƙwalwa don ɓoye wurare, amma wani lokacin ba sa dawowa gare su kuma don haka suna ba da gudummawa ga rarraba iri. Don haka akwai cikakkun oak na itacen oak da kanduna, godiya ga mantawar squirrels. Yawan adadin kuzari na furotin ya bambanta da lokacin: a cikin hunturu yana cin abinci kusan 80 na abinci a kowace rana, kuma a lokacin rani har zuwa 40 grams.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Grey na Amurka
Squirrel launin toka yana da ingantaccen ƙwaƙwalwa, yana da hankali da hankali, ana ɗauka ɗayan ɗayan mafi yawan jinsunan masu saurin jijiyoyi. Koyaya, koyaushe, yakan manta wuraren ɓoyewa tare da wadatar kayan da wasu masu ƙira suka samu suka ci tare da nishaɗi. A cikin wuraren shakatawa, dabbobin mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar abinci daga hannun mutane, amma matasa ne kawai ke da cikakke.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ya kamata ku yi hankali lokacin da kuke hulɗa tare da mai launin toka, su masu ɗauke da keɓaɓɓu ne, masu haɗari ga mutane. Sunadaran da kansu basa samun saukin kamuwa dashi. Idan squirrel na cikin haɗari, zai iya ciji maƙiyi da zafi, ta amfani da haƙoran haƙora da goge goge.
Dabbobi suna da hakora masu ƙarfi da hakora. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin su shine ke inganta rayuwarta gabaɗaya, don haka masana suka ƙayyade shekarunta ta hakora. Ta murƙushe ƙaƙƙarfan kwasfa na kwayoyi tare da masu yanka. A bayan bakin bakin motsi ne. Idan squirrel karya kuma haƙori ya goge, sabon zai yi girma a wurin sa. Wannan shine babban bambanci daga yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Squirrel squreyrel bai san yadda ake tara manyan tanadi na makamashi ba, ba fada cikin ɓacin rai, sabili da haka, dole ne ya sami abinci kowace rana sau da yawa. Wannan rauni ne da raunirsa, saboda yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa suna iya yin abinci ba tare da dadewa ba. Tare da matsananciyar yunwar, furotin zai iya cinye ƙasusuwan ƙananan dabbobi da suka mutu.
Squirrel launin toka ne loner. Ba ta saba wa kawayenta, amma tana ƙoƙarin guje wa dangi. Rashin amincewa da dangi ana bayyana ne kawai a lokacin lokacin fitowar. Yana sadarwa tare da danginsa, yana yin gajeren sauti mai ban dariya, kuma da taimakon wutsiyarsa, squirrel yana nuna rashin jin dadinsa ko tsokanar sa. Tana da rayuwa mai aiki, duk lokacin da take kyauta tana yin tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe.
Idan akwai haɗari, yana “da ƙarfi” yana dannawa, yana sanar da duk yankin game da shi. Ya yi ƙoƙarin kauce wa ciyawa, busasshiyar dabba, dabba mai kunya da kulawa, tana tsoron tsawa, hayaniya. Squirrel squirrel, ba kamar ja ba, baya jin tsoron ruwa, yana iyo sosai idan akwai buƙata ko haɗari ga rayuwa.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
HOTO: Dabbobin squirrel dabbare
Squreyrel mai launin toka yana haifar da calan maruƙa biyu zuwa sau uku a shekara. Mace ta zama mai yin jima'i har zuwa shekarar rayuwarta. Farkon estrus yana farawa ne da zafin rana. Maza sun fara kulawa da mace ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, suna bin ta suna kuma farauta na wasu kwanaki. Yayin tafiyar, maza 3-4 suka fara farawa tsakanin mace. Maza suna jan hankalin mutane ta hanyar buga tambarin su da kuma nuna babbar murya.
Bayan gwagwarmaya da yawa, mafi girman maza mafi girma kuma mafi girman maza, wanda ya zama mahaifin zuriyarta. Bayan ma'aurata, namiji yakan sanya alamomi sosai a kan yankin, mace kuma ta fara gina gida a lokaci daya. A ciki, ta shimfiɗa gado mai laushi na gansakuka, yana sanya gida mai lafiya da kwanciyar hankali.
Tushen soket don ƙarfin gaba ɗaya yana yin yumɓu da laka. Gida yana da mafita da fita na gaggawa, saboda idan akwai haɗari, zaka iya fita da sauri cikin sauri da sauri. Cutar ciki a cikin launin toka ya mutu har zuwa kwanaki 38. Ana haihuwar Belchata, makaho, mara nauyi kuma marassa taimako, mahaifiyarsu koyaushe tana tare dasu kuma tana ciyar da madara kowane awa 3-4.
Uku zuwa goma ga squirrels yawanci ana haife su, amma mutane kalilan ne ke tsira daga tsintsiya. Idanun su a buɗe bayan makonni 2-3 daga haihuwa. Yawancinsu suna mutuwa ne saboda son sani, sai kawai su faɗi daga gida, suna zama waɗanda aka kama da masu gallazawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: squirrel squreyrel uwa ce mai kulawa sosai. Idan fleas ko wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun fara a cikin gida, yana canja wurin zuriya zuwa wani gida.
Belchata ta zama mai zaman kanta bayan mako na tara, sun bar gida kuma sun fara samun nasu abincin. A lokaci guda, har yanzu suna zaune a gida tare da mahaifiyarsu na ɗan lokaci.
Abokan gaba na makiyaya masu launin shuɗi
Hoto: Rodent Grey squirrel
Wannan nau'in, kodayake, ba shi da maƙiya da yawa, wanda ke ƙayyade saurin jama'ar Turai, kamar yadda yake a cikin wasu ƙananan jijiyoyi. Ana samun ceto ta hanyar motsi da sauri, ji mai ƙoshin ji da kyakkyawan aiki. Kuna iya kama squirrel kawai a ƙasa, inda yake ciyar da lokaci kaɗan. Sau da yawa fiye da da, ta zama wanda aka azabtar da dawakai da kyarketai, waɗanda ke da haƙuri a kan abin da suka farauto. Marten, kuliyoyin daji da lynx suna nemanta a cikin bishiyoyi.
A wuraren buɗe ido, abu ne mai sauƙi ga tsuntsaye masu cin nama: mikiya, kwalliya da kwari. Daga gida na kananan squirrels, a hankaka ko talakawa gida gida na iya Sneak. A tsararraki, squirrel squirrel ya "ci gaba" dabarun tsira. Misali, gudu sama da kasa kuma cikin karkace, yana da matukar wahala ga tsuntsaye masu cinye abubuwa da yawa. Kuma ta yin amfani da rassa na bakin ciki don motsi, squirrel squirrel zai iya gudu da sauri daga marten.
Abokan gaba na abokan gaba na squirrel (Caroline) squirrel a Amurka sune:
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga jeri, sama da rabin waɗannan masu wannan hasara sun ɓace a cikin Turai, wanda nan da nan ya shafi yawan kurege Daga mai bin ta, za ta iya saurin fitowa cikin tsalle mai tsayi. Dabba lafiyayyen dabba mai karfi da kyar ya fada cikin hakoran mafarauta. Yawancin lokaci ba shi da lafiya, ya raunana ko ƙarancin furotin na ƙwararrun yara. Motocin ruwa suna gasa tare da gyada, mice, hares don albarkatu da abinci. Amma kusancin mutane, murabba'ika bashi da abokan gaba, mafarauta galibi suna tsoron mutane banda kuliyoyi.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Grey squirrel
Squirrels na launin toka ba a halin yanzu kariya ce ko nau'in haɗari. Wannan nau'in, akasin haka, yana yaduwa a duniya, yana ƙaura da sauran nau'ikan squirrels. A wasu ƙasashe, sun zama bala'i na ainihi, lalata bishiyoyi da lalata lambuna. Yawan furotin na iya raguwa ne kawai idan an lalata guguwar daji. Lambobin sunadarai na iya raguwa tare da lalacewa, rashin wuta, ko bala'i.
A cikin Burtaniya, an kawar da aiyukan kula da launin toka, kuma doka ta ƙarfafa ta amfani da ladan kwalliyar ƙaura. A lokaci guda, Gwamnati na ƙoƙarin adana masu shingayen ja, waɗanda kusan sun ɓace a cikin Scotland, Ingila da Ireland. Ba kamar jajayen kwari ba, masu launin toka suna kwace furanni, masu satar abubuwa a gidaje, jujjuya da tukwane na fure kusa da gidan.
Yanzu furotin yana motsa jiki sosai a cikin abubuwan kulawa don kula da gida. Squaramar squirrel ɗin tana da ƙarfi a cikin zaman talala, ana amfani da ita ga masu. A cikin kamasho, sunadarai suma sunada kyau kuma suna iya dacewa da sabon rayuwa. Squirrels masu launin shuɗi suna farauta sosai, saboda kyakkyawan fur da wutsiya mai faɗi. A wasu ƙasashe, ana ɗaukar abincin squirrel abinci ne mai ɗanɗano kuma ana ci.
Squirrel launin toka yana haifar da mafi kyawun motsin zuciyar yayin sadarwa tare da su. Duk yara da manya suna kaunarta ta, duk da wasu barazanar yaduwar cutar kabu kabuciya da kuma dabi'ar lalata su. Harkar squirrel dabba ce mai tsabta kuma ba ta zama cikin birane da wuraren da ke da keɓaɓɓiyar muhalli. Ina son wannan nau'in kada ya kasance a cikin littafin Red kuma koyaushe ina farin cikin gani a cikin wuraren shakatawa na gida da gandun daji.