Idan kuna son yin kiwon kifi a gida, to, wakilan dangin cichlid zasu zama kyakkyawan zaɓi. Yana da ƙananan tallafin sama da 100, watakila mafi kyawun launuka da ƙamshi daga gare su, wannan cichlomas.
A cikin hoton cichlazoma bakan gizo ne
Kiwon kifin kifin kifin yana daya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan sha'awa. Waɗanda suke ƙaunar zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali su ne abin da suke buƙata. Kallon kifin yana sanya damuwa, nutsuwa, kara kuzari. Iyalin cichlid ne suka tabbatar da kansu a kan kyakkyawan gefen. Ba su da sauri a cikin barin, ba safai ake fuskantar cututtuka ba, masu sada zumunci.
Bayani da fasali na cichlazoma
Tsikhlazoma - wani nau'in kifi daga dangin "cichlids" (gashin tsuntsu), suna cikin tsarin "perch-like". Tsakanin kansu, nau'in sun bambanta da girman, launi da sifar jiki. AT bayanin cichlomas dole ne akwai alamar sa hannu a hatimi “vertebrates”. Yawancinsu suna kan hanyar karewa.
A cikin hoto na Barton's cichlasoma
A cikin mazaunin vivo kifin cichlazoma yana daga jikin ruwan Amurka zuwa kogunan Brazil. An bambanta kifi ta kyakkyawar kiwon lafiya tsakanin danginsa. Tana da harsashi mai rikitarwa, saboda ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta marasa galibi suna ƙaruwa da fata.
A tsikhlazoma, hakika, tsokoki ne mai ci gaba, gangar jikin elongated, gaɓoɓutattun da yadudduka. Mafi yawan kai yana dauke da babban bakin, idanu masu buɗe ido da buɗe ido. Fata yana da sauri sake farfadowa kuma an dawo dashi, raunuka da abrasions suna daɗaɗa sosai.
Masu son aquarists suna ƙauna kifin cichlase don daidaitaccen girman, haske launuka da layi akan jiki, halayyar ban sha'awa da ƙaramar kulawa. Haka kuma, kifayen suna da wayo da hikima.
Bukatar kulawa da kiyaye cichlazoma
A yanayi cichlomas bi hanyar rayuwar maza, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a tanada abun cikin wani akwatin kiftawa daban, ko kuma ɓarna a cikin tanki. Kuna iya sanya nau'i-nau'i nau'i biyu na nau'i guda a cikin jirgin ruwa guda.
A cikin hoto na cichlazoma severum
Wannan tallafin yana sanya ƙwai akan duwatsu masu lebur. Ma'auratan suna da ingantacciyar koyarwar iyayensu, don haka kar ku dame su da matukar damuwa har tsawon jiran zuriyarsu. A ciki na akwatin kifayen ko tanki an tsara su ta irin wannan hanyar don yin kwaikwayon yanayin yanayin kogunan da wuraren tafki.
Don tsari mai dacewa "m gabar teku." Yana da mahimmanci cewa akwai da yawa daga cikin duwatsun, shinge, kayan kwalliya, snags na ruwa da makamantansu. Kifi yana ƙaunar ɓoye a wuraren da ba kowa.
Ana iya dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tafkin, amma akwatin kifayen cichlazoma Sau da yawa yakan tono dabbobi su ci. Sun fi son algae tare da ganye mai kauri da tsarin tushen ƙarfi ko tsarin kore. Ingantaccen ruwan zafi + 20 ... 28 ° С.
A cikin hoton cichlazoma na Salvini
An biya kulawa ta musamman ga acidity da taurin ruwa. Ya kamata su kasance cikin kewayon pH 6.8-8.0 da dH 8-30 °. An sanya haske akai-akai, hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya fallasa, dole ne a warwatsa su.
A lokacin yin tsalle-tsalle, nau'ikan da aka kirkira suna nuna hali mai ban sha'awa, ana iya lura da wannan ba kawai a cikin bidiyo ba, har ma a ciki Hotocichlase. Sun kwashe duk lokacinsu na kyauta suna neman inda zasu kwanta ƙwai.
Mai hankali aquarist zai iya gane wacce aka kirkira kuma dole a sake tura shi don tsawon lokacin kiwo. Idan babu duwatsu, to kifi yana sanya ƙwai kai tsaye a kan ɗakin kwana na ƙasan ƙasa.
Cichlazoma abinci mai gina jiki
Kifayen ba su da takamaiman abin da suke so, komi ne. Ta hanyar dabi'arsu, cichlids sune mafarauta, saboda haka sun fi son abincin dabbobi. Wannan yana nuna cewa ba za a iya kiyaye cichloma tare da ƙananan kifi ba, musamman daga wasu iyalai.
A cikin hoton cichlazoma, Flover Horn
Don kula da ƙoshin lafiya da wadatar zuci, ana ba kifi abinci abinci. Kuna iya amfani da abinci na musamman a cikin nau'in busassun granules, abincin teku, hatsi, abinci na shuka da ciyawar duniya.
Abincin yau da kullun ya kamata ya ƙunshi: 70% abinci mai gina jiki da kayan lambu 30%. Baya ga yin amfani da kayan kwalliya, yana yiwuwa a ba da gaurayawan (nama minced) daga samfuran da aka shirya da hannuwanku: naman kaji, abincin abincin teku, kayan abinci na ganye.
Nau'in Cichlase
Masu sha'awar kifin kifaye sun gano nau'ikan cichlase masu ban sha'awa da asali.
* Tsikhlazoma "mai launin fata" - Wannan kifin shine mafi kwantar da hankula a cikin dukkanin cichlids. Ana iya ganin su sau da yawa a cikin wasu aquariums da yawa. Yana da ƙananan girman jiki, launi mai sassauci, launin ratsi mai launin fata mai ma'ana da aka sanya a jikin mutum. Kusan ba mai tsaurin ra'ayi ba, kawai lokacin tsunduma cikin jin dadi na iya nuna damuwa matsananciyar damuwa.
A cikin hoto na cichlazoma, farar fata ko zebra
* Lu'u-lu'u Tsikhlazoma"- kifi daga gidan cichlid, ya kai tsawon 15 cm. Babban wakilci mai adalci, yana da kyakkyawan launi, mara daidaituwa. Abubuwan da aka ambata na azurfa suna rufe jiki baki ɗaya, an ɗaure su da baƙar fata, suna ba da ladabi na musamman.
* Tsikhlazoma "Eliot"- Kifi mai matsakaici wanda ke zaune a cikin kogunan Guatemala da Mexico. An fentin jiki a cikin launi mai laushi mai haske, ratsi na inuwa daban ta gefen gefen gefuna. Mafi kyawun tsarin zafin jiki na abun ciki shine + 25 ... 28 ° С.
A cikin hoto na Eliot's cichloma
* Tsikhlazoma "Managuan" - daya daga cikin manya-manyan cichlids, ya kai girman 30-40 cm. Don sabon launinta, ana kiranta “jaguar,” wani irin tabo da yake bayarwa yana ba da kifin, amma kuma kyakkyawa ce. Itauke da shi kawai a cikin manyan ruwaye.
A hoto akwai managuan cichloma
* Tsikhlazoma "Meeka" - kifi mai matsakaici, wanda ya kai santimita 13 - 15. Sashin sutturar jiki ana fentin cikin inuwa ta azurfa. Maza a kan ciki da kuma a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kai suna da bayyanannun launuka ja, sun fi girma fiye da mace. Suna son kwantar da hankula, idan ya cancanta, da himma don mamaye yankin.
A cikin hoton Meek cichlazoma
* Tsikhlazoma Severum - Wakili mai haske da launuka masu kyau na cichlids. Girman jikinta ya cika da karami, kusan tsawon cm 10-15. Tsarin dukkan jikin sa yayi kyau da jituwa, kai tsaye yana jan ido. An samo sunan ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an samo kifin a cikin yankuna na arewacin. Bambanta a cikin tsokanar zalunci na musamman a cikin abubuwan da aka ƙunsa. Sai kawai gwani aquarist zai iya ceton garken tare da taimakon babban akwatin kifaye da kifaye masu kifin.
A cikin hoto na cichlazoma citron
* Tsikhlazoma "Sedzhika" - kifi daga nau'in cichlid, yana da matsakaicin girman 10 cm cm 8. Mafi aminci da jin kunya tsakanin danginsu. Jikin yana fentin launin ruwan kasa mai haske, ƙeƙasassun launuka masu launin shuɗi, ratsi-ratsi mai wucewa ta tarnaƙi.
* Tsihlazoma "harshen wuta" - wakilin karamin cichlids 8-15cm. Kifi yana da ban sha'awa ga launinta. Babban shine ruwan hoda, akwai samfurori da aka zana su cikin shuɗe ko launuka masu ɗorewa. Maza kusan sun ninka yawan mace biyu, sashin gaban su yana da ƙarfi. Kawai tallafin da ke haifar da halayyar zaman lafiya.
A cikin hoto na cichlazoma flamingo
* Tsikhlazoma "bakan gizo" - babban wakilin cichlids, yana kai cm 20. Yana da gangar jikin elongated, sassan bangarorin da ke a kwance. Babban kai, tare da babbar baki da idanu masu hargitsi. Launin yana mamaye launin rawaya, kore da launin sautina masu launin ja. Tsasashe tare da inuwa da yawa suna bazu ko'ina cikin jiki. Wutsiya da ƙusoshin suna da datsa na baki.
* Tsikhlazoma "kudan zuma" - Kifi mai matsakaici (8-10 cm), garin haihuwa shi ne Kogin Rio da ke tekun Amazon. Peungiyoyin suna da ban sha'awa a cikin canza launi na sabon abu - baki tare da shuɗi mai haske mai haske. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kowane baƙon flake yana da fararren launin shuɗi wanda ke haifar da sakamakon “madubi”.
A cikin hoto na cichlazoma, kudan zuma
* Tsikhlazoma "Nicaraguan" - babban cichlid a cikin girman (har zuwa 20 cm). Yana da tsarin jiki wanda ba a saba dashi ba, kai yana convex, bakin ya yi ƙasa sosai. Launi na kifayen suna da ban sha'awa: jiki jiki ne, kai shudi ne, ciki kuma yana da launin shuɗi. Abun da ke cikin ba mai son rai bane, mai salama ne.
Yarda da cichlazoma tare da sauran kifi
Ba wanda zai iya faɗi game da dukkanin yanayin cichlids dangane da makwabta. Tun da cichlazoma kifi ne mai tsinkaye, tashin hankali a ciki daga dabi'a yake. Yankin ƙasa ne, musamman lokacin damuna. Hada cichlazoma tare da wasu kifaye masu girma a girma, kawai yana ɗaukar ƙananan ƙananan.
Hoto na cichlazoma labiatum
Idan kun ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i nau'i ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan reshe guda a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya, to ya zama dole cewa damar ta kasance babba (fiye da 400 l). A ciki, tare da taimakon duwatsun, zaku iya gina wasu nau'ikan dampers, zasu yi aiki a zaman yanki. Wannan hanya gaba ɗaya ba ta dace da dukkanin ƙasƙanci ba, amma ga mafi yawan cichlids, eh.
Sake buguwa da halayen jima'i na cichlosis
A lokacin lokacin ma'aurata, ma'auratan suna ƙoƙarin ɗaukar matakan zuwa gwargwadon iko. Canza yanayin zafin jiki na yau da kullun zuwa dumin wata alama ce ta ƙaura. Matar tana sanya ƙwai akan duwatsu, kanti, ko a cikin rami. Soyacichlomas shirye don yin iyo tuni a rana ta biyar.
Kusan dukkanin biyan kuɗi na cichlids namiji cichlazoma ya fi girma fiye da mace. Siffar ta musamman ita ce mai yawan kitse a goshi. Alamar da aka fi lura da namiji shine launi mai haske. Istswararrun ƙwararru a cikin kifin akwatin kifaye suna tantance halayensu na jima'i ta ƙashin kai.
Hoton cichlazoma Nicaraguan
Sayi cichlazoma mai yiwuwa a cikin kowane kantin sayar da dabbobi, wannan nau'in kifin ya shahara kuma koyaushe yana cikin jari. A cikin kasuwanni na musamman zaka iya sayan abubuwa masu amfani da yawa: daga rarar ruwa da kayan haɗi don ciyarwa da ƙari.
Farashi kifi cichlazoma shine 200-300 rubles, duk ya dogara da nau'in da launi. Shiga cikin sayar da kifin kifayen kifaye (cichlase) Kasuwanci ne mai riba. Buƙatar su tana girma kowace shekara kuma sau ɗaya yana tabbatar da cewa yana da amfani kuma mai ba da labari.
Bayanin
Gasar yanayin cichlids sune koguna na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, Asiya da Afirka. Wadannan halittu masu launuka masu dauke da siraran siriri da halayen da ba a iya tantancewa sun sami nasarar lashe zuciyar masu neman ruwa a karshen karni na karshe. Magabata ne na yau da kullun waɗanda, da hikimarsu da wayo, suke ƙoƙarin neman abincin dabbobi. A cikin mazauninsu na halitta, suna ƙoƙarin kasancewa kusa da tushe ko kuma lokacin farin ciki. Sun fi son gudana da koguna a hankali tare da busasshiyar ƙasa ko yashi. Wani halayyar halayyar cichlases ita ce cewa suna haifuwa sosai ba kawai a yanayin yanayin ba, har ma a zaman talala.
Mun riga mun lura cewa a cikin gidan cichlid akwai nau'in kifaye sama da 100 waɗanda suka bambanta da launi na sikeli, halayen halaye da girma dabam.
A ƙasa za muyi magana game da shahararrun nau'ikan cichlases:
- Meek Cichlazoma. Ana samo shi a cikin mazaunin halitta a cikin ruwan kogin a kudancin Mexico da Guatemala. An rarrabe ta ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali da lumana, sabanin sauran wakilan gidan cichlid, sun dace da rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifayen daya gama, saboda ba zai iya cutar da zaman lafiya da ƙananan nau'in kifin waje ba. A rarrabe halayyar ne mai tsananin baya mai lankwasa layin da kuma halin hali launin shuɗi-shudi launi na Sikeli tare da dabara inuwa da shunayya.
- Cichlazoma mai launin baki-taguwa. Wannan nau'in kifin daga gidan cichlid yana halin halin nutsuwa da unpretentiousness a cikin kulawa. Ba kamar danginsu a cikin dangi ba, cichlazoma mai launin fari-baki mai kifi ne mai ban mamaki kuma mai iya daidaitawa. Yau ita ce ɗayan shahararrun mutane daga gidan cichlid. Tana da launi mai laushi mai kyau, launin fari da fari, kamar zebra, madadin akan sikelin ta. Saboda launinta, ana kiran wakilin cichlids mai launin baki "zebra cichlids" ko "zebra chanchito".
- Diamond cichlazoma. Wannan nau'in kifayen da ke cikin yanayin rayuwa suna zaune a jikin jikunan ruwa na kudanci na Amurka da Mexico. Kifi zai iya kaiwa tsawon matsakaicin santimita 17 cm. Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin kwalliyar kwalliya suna kwalliya da kwalliya da launinsu, suna tuna wani lu'u-lu'u mai haske. Kowane ɗayan kifayen suna da dige masu haske waɗanda suke haifar da haskaka ƙwallon kwalliyar ƙananan ƙwayoyin ruwa. Babban bango na asalin sikeli shine launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Cichlomas na lu'u lu'u suna da idanu daban na annabta, wadanda aka fentin su cikin launi mai haske.
- Tsikhlazoma severum. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, yana zaune a arewacin yankin Amazon, kuma ana samun shi a cikin jikkunan ruwa a cikin ƙasashe na arewacin Kudancin Amurka (Suriname, Guyana). Wani babban mai farashi (har zuwa 20 cm a tsayi), yana da iko da ƙusoshin ƙashi da ƙashin kansa. Yana ma'ana tare da haƙuri da kwanciyar hankali ga wasu wakilan cichlids, sun fi son salon rayuwa biyu. Babban launi shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske.
- Tsikhlazoma Eliot. Wasu masu farawa sukan rikitar da wannan kifin tare da Meeki cichlasoma, tunda launi na waɗannan wakilan biyu na dangin cichlid suna da kama sosai. Distinwararren fasalin kifin Eliot shine mafi sananne a kan tabo mai launin shuɗi. Wannan nau'in kifin ya fi son zama a gabar koguna na ƙasashen Mexico da Guatemala.
- Managuan cichlazoma. Wannan kifin ya sami sunan sa saboda mazauninsu. Wurin da za'a iya samun wannan kifin a kusan kowace jikin ruwa shine Managua - babban birnin ƙasar arewacin Amurka ta Nicaragua. Masana aquarists suna kiran wannan wakilin cichlids a jaguar saboda launinsa mai kama da na ɗan Afirka mai ƙauna da farin jini. Wani sanannen fasalin Managuan cichlazoma shine girmansa - ya kai 30-40 cm tsayi.Bayan haka, wannan nau'in kifin yana da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali.
- Saragid cichlazoma. Homelandasar asalin waɗannan atorsan asalin yanayin ana la'akari da arewacin arewacin Kudancin Amurka. Mafi yawanci ana samun su a cikin m Amazon, kusa da thickets da kuma bakin teku. Aquarists suna jan hankali ga m mai haske launi. Siffar halayyar wannan nau'in kifin wuri ne mai matsakaicin nauyi a tsakiyar jikin mutum. Launin launi na Saragdova cichlazoma na iya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi zuwa ja. A jiki sau da yawa maras ratsi ne da zasu iya ɓacewa.
Yarda da sauran mazaunan
Duk wakilan cichlids sune masu farauta na ƙasa da ke haƙa ƙasa, suna ɓoye a cikin ɓerayen akwatin kifaye don kama ganima. Fishan ƙananan kifin da ba su da tsayi waɗanda suke cin abincin da aka shuka kawai ana iya gane shi ta hanyar cichlomas a matsayin abinci. Sabili da haka, an bada shawara don shirya su a cikin wani akwati daban, kawai tare da sauran wakilan cichlids.
Meek Cichlazoma, C-Cacclazoma mai tsananin jini
Mee cichlazoma (Nakasaka tawki, Cichlasoma meeki) - Kasancewa wakilai na al'ada na tsarin perciform, cichlids (ko cichlids) waɗanda yawancin kifaye 2000 suka wakilta. Sun haɗa da zaɓuɓɓuka masu haske da asali na asali waɗanda suke rayuwa a cikin ɗakunan ruwa na gida kuma sun samu lokacin zaɓin don waɗannan halaye masu dacewa. A cikin wannan rukunin shine masu cichlazomas masu mallakar, suna da sunan su ga mashahurin masanin kimiyyar Amurka.
Yaya suna da kyau?
Abu na farko da ya jawo hankalin shi ne bayyanar. Ba zai yiwu ba a kula da akwatin kifaye tare da masu cichlazoma. Ra'ayin ya ba da sha'awa kuma yana jan hankali tare da kasancewarta. Kifayen sun yi yawa (har zuwa 15 cm a cikin akwatin kifaye a 35 cm a cikin dabbobin daji). Sanarwar ita ce tabo-patrimonial tabo a kan hancin cikin makogwaron, a hankali yana shimfiɗa kusa da tsakiyar jiki. Saboda haka suna na biyu - cichlase-ja mai wuya. Gabaɗaya launi yana da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da aibanin unsharp a tsakiya.
Yana iyo a hankali da alheri. A cikin wannan, ya yi kama da cichlasoma na Sejik. Gaskiya ne, wannan halayyar har zuwa lokacin tsallakewa. Amma sai Meeka gwarzo ne, jarumi kuma mara tsoro. Haushin ta na iya zama babban fasalin ɗabi'un kuma yana haifar da barazanar rayuwa ga smalleran tsirarun mazaunan wuraren kifaye masu zaman lafiya. Gaskiya ne, cattlazoma na Managuan yana da halayyar fashewar abubuwa.
Tsarin akwatin kifayen da abubuwan da ke ciki
Ofara yawan akwatin kifaye don adana kifin-cichlases zai dogara da nau'ikan da lambar nau'i-nau'i. Abun, wanda shine wakilin ƙaramin nau'in nau'in cichlids, alal misali, Sedzhik cichloma, zai sami isasshen tanki na 40 lita. Idan kuna shirin sayan kifayen dangin nau'in nau'in kifin Eliot ko Severum, kuna buƙatar tanki mai ƙarfin sama da lita 100. Managuan cichlazoma yana daya daga cikin wakilai mafi girma na wannan dangin kifi; jikinsa yana iya kaiwa tsawon 40 cm.Guda biyu na kifayen Managuan zasu buƙaci akwatin kifaye, ƙarar wadda lita 400-500 ce.
Zakin Ciki
Ya bambanta sosai da Meeka cikin salon yin iyo zaki mai kalamu (Steatocranus casuarius). Lokacin motsawa, ana sake ɗanɗano shi daga ƙasa, yana motsawa cikin jerks ko ƙananan tsalle-tsalle. Wannan hanyar motsi ta sanya ta zama babban kifi tare da abinci mai gina jiki da kuma siffofin numfashi.
A cikin abinci mai gina jiki, mutum bashi da ma'ana, ba shine murhun cichlid ba. Aquarists kada dame yawa. Abubuwan rayuwa masu dacewa, zaɓuɓɓukan wucin gadi da daskararre. Kifi da kayan lambu ba su ƙi. Waɗannan ba cichlids na Kudancin Amurka ba ne, amma, musamman, acar mai ɓoyayyen launin ruwan ƙasa. Kama da na waje baya tabbatar da asalin halaye.
Ksauraye suna jin daɗi lokacin da ƙasan yashi. Don haka suna son tono a ciki, tono bishiyar dunƙulen da aka yi da itace, a juya dutse mai kaifi, a cikin kalma, ƙirƙirar “kipish” a gindin. Wannan ya bambanta cichlids harsashi daga gare su, wanda suke kashe kusan duk lokacinsu suna ɓoye a cikin ɓoyayyen ɓarna da ke ƙasa. A can suka sa ƙwai.
Mutane masu launin ja sun fi son zama cikin nau'i-nau'i. Idan ma wakilan sauran kifayen suna nan a cikin akwatin kifaye, ma'aurata sun rabu da su kuma baya hulda dasu har sai lokacin yadu ya shiga kuma kowa zai tsoma baki tare da su.
Sabanin haka, cicloma na mesonaut yana da daɗi a cikin rukunoni kuma yana haɗuwa har ma da maƙwabta irin su sikeli. An bayyana wannan gaskiyar ta hanyar jin kunya mutane, kamar su mesonaut cichloma. Wani lokacin, saboda tsoro, harma suna iya tsalle daga cikin akwatin kifaye idan, a wannan lokacin da hatsarin ya bayyana, sun kasance a saman ɓangaren akwatin kifaye.
Kiwo / iskancin
Balagagge a cikin cichlases yana faruwa a farkon watanni na 7-9, bayan da kifayen suka fara farawa. Suna da cikakkiyar ilhami don haifuwa, don haka ko da mai farawa zai iya shayar da kifi daga wannan dangin. A wannan yanayin, kifin ba sa buƙatar aika shi zuwa cikin tanki daban da aka shirya don tsalle-tsallake (sai dai, ba shakka, masu cin naman wasu nau'in suna zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da su). Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa cichlase yana da ilimin halayyar iyaye na haɓaka, kuma zasu kiyaye zuriyarsu ta kowane hali. Idan a cikin wannan lokacin da kuka sanya hannunka a cikin akwatin kifaye, to kifayen za su yi karo da shi sosai. Cinikin kifi daga gidan cichlid yana faruwa ba da izini ba kuma baya dogaro da lokacin shekara. Haka kuma, kwanciya qwai da mace na iya faruwa aci gaba. Don jefa ƙwai, mace zaɓi ƙasa mai laushi a ƙasan, inda aƙalla 300 larvae zasu iya dacewa. Bayan kwanaki 2-3, toya bayyana, wanda iyaye suka fara ɓoyewa da kariya daga baƙi. Suna iya ɓoye soya a cikin dunƙule na alkama ko cikin ramuka daban daban. Koyarwar iyayen yana daina ne a cikin wata na biyu bayan haihuwar abin da aka soya.
Cichlazomes-Baki-Baki
Mashahuri sosai a cikin akwatin kifayen zamani. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan kifaye ne kamar kifi tare da launuka masu haske da halayyar kwanciyar hankali. Suna da ikon tsokanar zalunci a yayin yawo da kuma kula da offspringa ,an, don haka ya fi kyau a adana su cikin raha tare da sauran wakilan danginsu. Zai iya zama akuya, mai fastoci, bariki, gourami, mai kashe kansa, ƙaya.
Sunan Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum ya hada da kalmomi biyu, nigro - fari da fascia - baƙi, galibi ana kiran wannan kifin zebra.
An dauke shi karamin kifi ne, a dabi'ance girmansa kusan 15 cm ne, a cikin wani tafki na wucin gadi yana da ɗan ƙarami.
Babban bango mai launin fata shine launin shuɗi-bluish, a saman sa, mai canza launin fari da baƙi wanda ya sa kifin yayi kama da zebra.
Maza sun fi girma yawan mace, suna bambanta su da siffar fitsari da ƙoshin baya, yayin bayyanar ciki, za a iya ganin jan haske mai haske a ciki.
Kayan Clamlomas
Wadannan cichlids da gaske suna kama da lu'u-lu'u saboda manyan ƙoshin ma'auni da sifofin azurfa, a ko'ina cikin sassan jikinsu, har da ƙyallen.
Tsayin jikin mutum ya kai 15 cm, maza sun fi girma.
Wannan cichlazoma ya shahara sosai, a wuri na biyu bayan launin fata. Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum kuma ana kiranta lu'u-lu'u da texas cichlazoma.
Wadannan kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali ga masu farautar, kodayake suna iya yin faɗa don ƙasa.
Tsikhlazomy Severum
Cichlazoma mai haske sosai mai launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, wanda akan watsa ƙananan kalamai na orange, ko da yake a cikin yanayin launin canza launi ya bambanta - launin toka-mai ruwan hoda. Amma a cikin aquariums, kawai ana samun nau'in kiwo, amma suna da wuya.
Wani lokacin saboda launi, ana kiranta tattaunawar karya. Ko waɗannan kifayen suna cikin ƙungiyar Cichlasom ko Heros har yanzu ba a yanke shawara sosai.
Baya ga "lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'ulu'u" da aka bayyana a sama, siffofin adon “shuɗi mai launin shuɗi”, “ja-kai”, “zinari”, da sauransu da yawa ana nemansu.
Wannan nau'in cichlase yana da matukar tayar da hankali, musamman ma intraspecific. Zai fi kyau a ajiye su dabam a cikin nau'i-nau'i da yawa a cikin babban tanki mai cike da kayan aiki.
Musamman samfuran asali
A wannan sashin, ya kamata a ambaci jinsunan auratus. Wadannan kifayen suna da ƙwazo na biyu suna: aku aku. Mata da maza auratus sun banbanta sosai cikin launi, wanda yake sauƙaƙa zaɓin a lokacin haduwa, saboda auratussamka ya fi maza zama ƙaƙƙarfa fiye da namiji .. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa idan namiji ba ya nan a gidan (akwatin ruwa), mace mai ƙwazo da girmamawa na iya canza launinta kuma zama kamar ƙwaƙwalwar namiji. Ba'a lura da abin da yake juyawa a cikin Auratus ba.
Dankalin tafkin Malawi na kudu shine wurin da dabbar dolphin da ta fito daga bakin - mashahurin wakilin cichlomas, yana da matukar mahimmanci game da dabbobi masu shayarwa iri ɗaya. Matashin kai a goshin namiji yana girma daga shekara zuwa shekara, yana sa kifin ya zama kamarsa. Nasarar da suka samu na gidan su ya dogara ne akan lafiyar iyayen, wanda ke buƙatar:
- haske mai haske
- tace ko canjin sati na uku na ruwa,
- rike alkaline pH.
Bayan 'yan kalmomi game da musamman da aka samu na cichlid pseudotrophaeus (Lombardo). Yana da mahimmanci cewa kawai masanan cikin ruwa masu ruwa da tsaki za su iya kula da pawnshop sosai. Waɗannan kyawawan abubuwa ne, masu saurin rikicewa, masu matukar rikitarwa ga canje-canjen ruwa. Mata da maza na pawnshop suna da launi iri daban-daban wanda a wasu lokuta suna kuskure ga jinsuna daban. Lombardos baya samun daidaito ko da kwanciyar hankali cichlids.
'Ya'yan parrot-parrot guda uku - cichlazoma fluverhorn. Wannan shine sakamakon aikin zaɓi na masana kimiyyar ilimin kimiyyar halittar ƙasa. Bayan wani mazugi mai haɓakawa a goshi, ana nuna shi da:
- m Cardinal launuka,
- kadaici
- kasancewar akan sikelin zane kamar zuciya.
Shin launi mai haske koyaushe alamar cichlids?
Tare da janar baki ɗaya, yi mai haske, mai bayyanawa
canza launin, akwai zaɓi - ban da ƙa'idar. Wannan albino cichloma ne. Ita, mai tabbatar da adalcin sunanta, ba ta da launi kuma babu inuwa.
Fari ne da kuma bayyana a wurare. Tana da fasalin guda ɗaya: rigakafi mai rauni da kuma cutar da cuta (akasin haka shine cichlazoma na Sedzhik). Dangane da wannan, kula da irin wannan kifin yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa ta musamman.
Maras ban sha'awa da kuma irin cichlazoma na mesonaut. Amma wannan kifin yana da tsararren tsakar duhu tare da jikin gaba ɗaya.
Sosai launuka masu hankali a cikin wakilan arewa. A cikin yanayi, suna kore mai launin shuɗi. Don rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, an zaɓi zaɓuɓɓuka masu launuka masu haske da za'a iya gabatarwa. Mafi mashahuri a yau sune lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u.
Meek Cichlazomas
Wani sanannen nau'in ruwan kifin da aka kamanta ya fito ne daga Guatemala da Kudancin Mexico.
Tsawon jikin kifin, azaman fentin a saman, shine 14-15 cm ger manya maza suna da launuka masu haske a ciki da ƙananan ɓangarorin babban kai. Sharp ƙyallen ƙwallon zinariya ne ko kuma yana da kamshi mai ruwan shuɗi.
Yawanci, waɗannan mazaunan cikin ruwa suna nuna halin nutsuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, amma suna kare yankinsu, don haka ya kamata a raba tanki zuwa wurare masu fili.
Cichlasoma meeki a cikin daji ya fi girma girmansa, har zuwa cm 35-40. Kifin mai suna bayan masanin kimiyyar kimiyyar Amurka, Meek, wanda ya gano wannan nau'in halittar da aka yanka a shekarar 1933. Wasu lokuta ana kiranta mask saboda launin launi na kai.
A cikin akwatin kifayen, Meeki yawanci yana nuna hali a hankali, amma ya canza sosai yayin lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin. A wannan lokacin, ma'auratan sun fi dacewa su zauna dabam. Suna son jita-jita a cikin yashin ƙasa, suna ɗaukar algae kuma suna juye sassa na shimfidar wuri.
Cichlomas da aka yiwa lakabi da zaki
Sun bambanta da sauran nau'ikan cichlids a cikin babban girman siffar mazugi a saman babban shugaban.
Steatocranus casuarius a cikin salon motsi a cikin tafkin ya sha bamban sosai da Meeks, da alama kifin ya tsallake a kasan, inda yake yawan cin lokaci.
Ma'aurata kanada yawanci suna zaune a kogon nasa, inda yake nuna zuriya. Fiye da iyalai uku a daya, har ma da babban akwatin kifaye, ba a ba da shawarar ba.
Launin Sikeli yawanci duhu tare da launin shuɗi, shunayya ko kusan launin fatar launin fata, amma ana samun daidaikun masu launin toka-azurfa.
Flamingo Cichlase
Wadannan kifayen da suke yanke hukunci sun fi kadan tare da 'yan uwansu' yan uwa - daga 8 zuwa 14 cm tsayi. An ba da sunan ne saboda sabon salo mai launin ruwan hoda, wanda za'a iya zama mai cikakken fuska ko kuma cikekken abu. Mafi kwanciyar hankali na duk nau'ikan cichlases.
Ichthyologists har yanzu basu yarda da asalin wannan nau'in ba. Wasu suna ɗaukarsa albino wani nau'in murfi ne mai launin fari, kuma wannan da wuya ya dace da gaskiya (idanu ba ja, launinta yana nan cikin launi). Wasu kuma sunyi imani cewa ƙarancin inuwar ƙirar itace sakamakon maye gurbi na halitta.
Rainbow cichlomas
Ofaya daga cikin manyan nau'in cichlids, har ma a cikin tafkin wucin gadi, wasu mutane sun kai 20 cm a tsayi.
A cikin canza launi na Sikeli, da yawa launuka masu haske sun haɗu - rawaya, kore, ja, shuɗi, wannan ya haifar da sunan iri-iri.
Kifin yana da zafin rai. Yawancin lokaci ana zaɓi ɗaya daga mutane 6-8 kuma an sake haɗa su cikin tanki daban. Ko da lokacin raba akwatin kifaye, fadace-fadace tsakanin maza ba makawa ne.
Cyclazomas esudan zuma
Waɗannan kifayen-kamar kifaye masu ƙarami ne (8-10 cm) kuma sun fi yawa a cikin yanayi a cikin kwari na Amazon.
An rarrabe su da launi mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki. A kan kowane sikelin akwai launin tabarau mai ban sha'awa, wanda, a kange shi a cikin hasken rana, yana ba da wasa na musamman launuka - zinari, baƙi, azure.
Sauran sunayen sunaye takwas, layin, cichlazoma Biocelatum.
Mafi kyawun launi a cikin shekaru masu shekaru. Matasa ne magatakarda da kwantar da hankula. Kuma manya maza ba su samu tare da kusan kowa, biyu ne mafi alh keptri sa a cikin wani akwatin kifaye daban.
Cyclazomas Labiatum
An rarrabe su ta hanyar launi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da babban hankali. Idan mutum ya kusanci tank din, suna kallon sa har ma da roƙon abinci. A lokaci guda, maƙwabtansu a cikin tafki na wucin gadi ana watsi da su gaba ɗaya.
Babban kai yana ƙare tare da babban, sananniyar bakin, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran Labiatum lokacin farin ciki cichlazoma.
Nicaraguan cichlomas
Babban mazaunin ruwa (20-25 cm tsayi) tare da babban convex kai da ƙananan lebe.
A cikin launi, launuka uku ana cakuda su akasari - jikin siliki, wani ɓangaren launi mai laushi da goshi, da ciki mai launin shuɗi.
Seclaik's Cyclazomas
Fishan ƙaramin kifin kifin (10-11 cm), mai lumana, har ma da jin kunya a cikin yanayi, dole ne ya zama akwai kogo da ababan hawa na mafaka a ƙasan.
Haske launin ruwan kasa mai laushi da zagaye babban jiki yana sanye da fins mai launin shuɗi. Duffai masu duhu suka mamaye jiki.
Wannan nau'in yana da al'adar bayyana kariya ta yankinta, musamman a lokacin lokacin kiwo. Zai fi kyau a ci gaba da turɓaya a cikin ƙaramin (kusan 50-100 l).
Smaragd cichlomas
Ya bambanta sosai a cikin halayen su daga wasu nau'in cichlids. Ana iya kiran su da maƙwabta marasa iyaka fiye da masu ƙarancin ƙasa.
Idan cichlazoma ruwan inabin yana jin tsoron wani abu, to, yana daskarewa kuma ya faɗi ƙasa, yana kama da ganye mai ganye. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe da launi na peculiar na launi (launin shuɗi, ruwan hoda, sautunan launin toka), yana taimakawa kifayen kwaikwayon.
A kasan a cikin tafki na wucin gadi inda ake adana ire-iren wadannan cichlids, yakamata a sami mafaka - manya, kogo, algae duhu. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi ƙasa mai launin ruwan kasa, sannan kifin Cichlasoma na wucin gadi ba za a jaddada shi ba.
Citron ko lemo cichlomas
An dauke su kyawun samfuran da aka haɗa saboda hasken launi mai haske mai haske da gaban kai.
Yawancin lokaci suna yin hali cikin nutsuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, da ɗan tashin hankali kawai a lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin kuma ya shafi yawan ɗumbin tanki. Cichlasoma citrinellum suna da omni, basu ƙi rayuwa, bushe da shuka abinci. Suna iya cin zucchini da kankana.
Menhonoma Cyclazomas
M, kuma kwanciyar hankali, iya yin jituwa ko da scalar. Daga tsoro na iya tsallake rijiya.
Launin jikin ba mai haske bane, launin rawaya mai haske, launin shuɗi mai launi daga ɗigon ɗigon tsakiyar a cikin bakin ciki ya wuce ta jiki.
Salvini Cichlazomas
Cichlasoma salvini ya fito ne daga tsakiyar yankin nahiyar Amurka. Babban asalin jikinsa mai launin kore ne ko launin ruwan kasa-rawaya mai haske tare da ratsin baki mai haske tare da duk babba da rabi tare da jan ciki (cikin maza).
Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali, amma suna iya kare yankinsu, kuna buƙatar safarar akwatin akwatin kifaye. Tsawon jiki daga 13 zuwa 16 cm.
Spclazomas Spilurum
Cichlasoma spilurum mai maƙarƙashiya yana da babban jiki, ana fentin shi da launi mai launin toka-mai launin toka tare da ratsi mai ƙyalƙyali da ƙoshin baya da ƙashin baya.
Suna da natsuwa isa, amma a lokacin juya su iya zama mai juyayi, tashin hankali mai yiwuwa ne.
Cuban cichlomas
Cichlasoma tetracanthum ko Tetracantum a cikin yanayi na rayuwa yana zaune a cikin ruwan sanyi na Cuba da Barbados.
Babban asalin jikinsa shine launin toka-azurfa. Zurfin ciki da baƙi baƙi sun bazu a kai. Zane, duk da komai, ba a maimaita shi, kebantacce ne.
Akwai haɗari sosai da haɗari, sun dace kawai don ajiye ma'aurata a cikin akwatin kifaye. Babban - kusan 20-25 cm.
Fascetum Cichlase
Cichlasoma facetum ko Chanchita sun fito ne daga jikkunan ruwa na Brazil, Honduras, Uruguay, Argentina. Launuka sun bambanta - launin rawaya mai haske, mai haske, kore, launuka ja. Abubuwan ratsi suna kwance da kyau kuma suna tsawa ko'ina cikin jiki.
Smallarami, amma mai saurin rikicewa, kallon yanki ne (kare sararin rayuwarsa).
Managun cichlomas
Parachromis managuensis suna da iko sosai da kifayen kyan gani tare da launi baƙar fata da launin zinari da wani ƙirar kyakkyawa ta musamman, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suka sami suna na biyu - Jaguar. Tsayin jikin waɗannan waɗannan mazaunan ruwa na cikin ɗakunan ruwa na da girma - har zuwa 35-40 cm.
Jirgin ruwan ya dace da aƙalla lita 500 kuma ya fi na nau'in ɗaya, tunda kifin yana da ƙarfi kuma koyaushe yana yin tsalle sosai lokacin motsawa.
Cichlazomas Leopards na Zinare
Kabila ce mai ban sha'awa a cikin tafkin Afirka na Malawi. Babban kifi (25-30 cm) fi son mazaunin ƙasa, sun sami damar rayuwa a zurfin har zuwa 25 m.
Sakamakon canza launin launi na jiki - manyan baƙi baki a kan lemun tsami lemon - ana kiran su Golden Giraffes Golden.
Ba kamar theiran uwansu a cikin dangi ba, ba su da mace ɗaya, amma sun gwammace su zauna a ƙaramin haila, inda mata uku ko huɗu ga kowane namiji. Ya kamata kuma a adana su a cikin babban akwatin kifaye (aƙalla 600 l). Maza biyu ba sa haɗuwa, ɗayansu zai mutu a cikin yaƙi.
Wani mahimmin nau'in wannan nau'in shine ikon daidaitawa tare da wasu nau'in cichlids.
Cichlazoma Golden Parrot
An rarrabe Auratus ta launuka marasa tabbas na maza da mata (launuka na zinari da azure) da takamaiman yanayin zafin mace.
Idan babu namiji a cikin akwatin kifaye, to mace zata iya canza launi kuma ta zama "namiji mara gaskiya".
Hakanan yana da matsananciyar matsala ga tafkin Malawi, wacce ta fi son zama a cikin ɓarna. Namiji daya yana buƙatar mata biyu ko uku. A cikin mazaunin wucin gadi, waɗannan masu rikice-rikice da manyan mutane suna iya rayuwa daban daban a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Tsihlazoma Pseudotrophies
Lombardo yana da kyau sosai, amma ƙwararrun masu binciken a cikin ruwa ne kawai ke iya kiyaye su. Kifi ba kawai kawai m, amma kuma sosai kula da hawa da sauka a cikin sigogi na ruwa.
Launin maza da na mata ya sha bamban da yadda ba a gane su da daidaikun mutane iri ɗaya ba.
Kayan yau da kullun na akwatin kifaye da halayyar cichlase
Na farko ya isa ya zauna a cikin babban tafki iri iri tare da yanki tare da kula da adadin mutane.Na biyu ya kamata a kiyaye shi cikin cichlids na musamman ko aquariums nau'in.
Dukkanin cichlazomas suna cikin mazaunan yankuna, suna kiyaye mahimman yankin su. Sabili da haka, a kasan tafkin ya zama dole don sanya tsarurruka, gorges na ado, kofofin caji, dasa katako na tsire-tsire masu ruwa tare da ganye mai ƙarfi.
Yanayin zafin jiki bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa +19 ° C ba, mafi kyau + 25 ... + 27 ° C, taurin da bai wuce 26-29 ° dH ba, kuma yakamata a kiyaye acidity a cikin 5-7 pH.
Yawancin lokaci, nau'i biyu ko uku ana wadatar tare a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarar akalla lita 400, sai dai manyan nau'ikan cichlase.
Dole ne a tanadar da tankuna tare da masu zafi, kuma matakin samar da haske ga waɗannan ƙananan mayaƙan ba da mahimmanci sosai. Amma don dalilai na ado, ana buƙatar fitilu, yana da kyau a yi amfani da LEDs ko mai kyalli.
Yatsa mai laushi, da tsakuwa mai kyau ko marmara, kwakwalwan kwamfuta na dutse sun dace a matsayin fil na yau. Tsawon ƙasa ya zama mai kyau, aƙalla 8-10 cm, wanda zai ba da damar cichlazomas ya katse shi cikin natsuwa.
Tsire-tsire, don kare su daga digging ta kifi, ya fi kyau shuka tare da tushen tushen iko ko a cikin tukwane. Anubias mai tauri, Cryptorin, Echinodorus, Wallinseria sun dace.
Ruwa dole ne a cike shi da oxygen, sabili da haka, tafki na wucin gadi dole ne a sanye shi da tsire-tsire na iska. An tsara matattara mai ƙarfi don saduwa da tsabtaccen ruwa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da matatun mai nesa.
Aƙalla kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yawan ruwa ya kamata a sabunta shi a mako kuma yana da kyau a fitar da ƙasa. Kyakkyawan hali da baƙon abu irin na cichlases yakan haifar da sha'awar masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin waɗannan mazaunan ruwa, amma ba a ba su shawarar farawa ba, waɗannan masunta ne.
Yana da ban sha'awa sosai don lura da halayen cichlases a cikin akwatin kifaye. Wasu nau'in son zaman lafiya, alal misali, Meeki, na iya kasancewa a cikin wani tafki na gama gari, kuma ba a cikin kwandon shara ba, amma faifan yanki ya zama dole.
Budurwa Meeka, yayin da take kare yankinta, ba lallai ba ne ta jefa kanta cikin fada, mafi yawan lokuta tana kan tsoratar da mai yiwuwa ne. A lokaci guda, kifin yana barazanar, yaudar da kwayoyi, yana jan jan bakin fata mai launin fata a ƙarƙashin leɓar ƙasa. Namiji kuma ya kan nuna hali yayin rawar mace-mace.
Idan kifi mafi girma da ƙarfi sun kasance a cikin tafki na mutum, to, Meeki namiji zai iya yin rashin lafiya kuma ya mutu daga damuwa, kuma macen tayi dacewa da zaɓin mai kare wata nau'in.
Ciyar da abinci
Duk nau'ikan cichlases sune mafarauta, amma a cikin akwatin kifaye suna da omnivores.
Da yardar rai za su ci abinci mai rai da daskararre - cututtukan jini, artemia nauplii, tubule. Abincin da aka bushe wanda aka shirya na nau'in da ya dace (na masu farauta) yakamata ya kasance cikin abincin. Kuma shuka abinci zai yi kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na abin yau da kullun, ana iya duckweed, kabeji da ganye letas, oatmeal, spirulina Allunan.
Babban abu shine a guji monotony kuma ya bambanta abincin yau da kullun.
Kiwo
Kiwo tare da cichlases ba matsala bane, musamman tunda kullun waɗannan kifaye suna rayuwa kamar ma'aurata ko ƙaramin harem. A wannan yanayin, haifuwar zai faru da kansa, ba tare da wani ƙoƙari ba a ɓangaren mai shi.
Banbancin jima'i a cikin cichlids ana furta shi koyaushe. Namiji ya fi girma sosai kuma yana da launi mai haske. Mafi yawan lokuta, fin fin fin fin, kuma akan goshi wani mazabu mai siffa adized girma yayi girma tare da shekaru.
Wadannan kifayen za su iya yin ta a duk shekara tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Idan motsawa ya zama dole, to ana iya samun sauƙin musanyawa ta hanyar sauya kwata na yawan ruwa (sakamakon lokacin damina).
Matar yawanci tana sanya ƙwai a cikin kogon "ta" ko a kan dutse. Sannan iyayen biyu sun zama masu tsananin zafin hali, suna matukar kare masarar da kuma kulawa da shi sosai.
Namiji da mace da yaro sun ci gaba da ba da fatawa. Sukan yi ta kwararar bugun su, suna ta da kazanta daga zurfin tafkin, domin 'Ya'yan suna cin ciyawa mai rai. Kuma ga barcin dare suna tattara soya don tsari.
Dole ne a tuna cewa a cikin lokuta mafi mahimmanci, namiji na iya zama m ga saurayi, to dole ne a bar shi har tsawon lokacin zuriya.
Yawancin lokaci yakan ɗauki makonni uku, sannan yaran su zama masu 'yanci. Ba za ku iya cire namiji ba, amma ku toshe tanki tare da raga ta musamman.
Cutar
Duk da gaskiyar cewa cichlomas suna da tsayayya da cututtuka, wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na iya haifar dasu yayin da suka keta ainihin halayen tsarewa da yanayin rashin tsaro a cikin tafki na wucin gadi.
Mafi sau da yawa, mai shi yana fuskantar ichthyophthyroidism, wanda galibi ana kiran shi da cutar ruwa mara kyau. A wannan yanayin, jikin kifin an rufe shi da pimples farar fata - semolina, gungu na parausites infusorian.
Idan baku bi da kifin ba a cikin sati biyu zuwa biyu, to suna iya mutuwa.
Don magance matsalar, ya isa don wasu 'yan kwanaki su ɗaga zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye zuwa + 30 ... + 32 ° C da kuma kula da ƙoshin ruwa da matattara a matakin ƙarshe.
Salting na ruwa mai sauƙi zai taimaka, tablespoon gishiri a kowace lita 10 na ruwa.
A ƙasa, mun bayyana mafi mashahuri nau'ikan cichlases
Cichlazoma mai launin fatar launin fata yana ɗayan shahararrun kifaye a cikin gidan cichlase. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙanƙane ne, marasa ma'ana a cikin adana kifi, suna da kyawawan launuka na jiki, kuma suna da mahimmanci, sabanin yawancin cichlids, sun fi kwanciyar hankali.
Wani zai iya cewa kololuwar shahararsu ya wuce, cewa yanzu akwai sauran ƙarin launuka daban-daban na cichlids da cichlases musamman. Koyaya, ƙididdigar ba ta faɗi ba! Zuwa yau, cichlase mai launin baƙi, mafi mashahuri na duk cichlases a cikin binciken Yandex. Kowane wata, fiye da masu amfani da 2200 na wannan injin binciken suna neman wannan buƙatar.
Da kyau, yi la'akari da wannan wakilin duniyar akwatin akwatin kifaye daki-daki daki daki daki.
Sunan Latin: Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum. Daga kalmomin Latin “nigro” - baƙar fata da “fascia” - tef, bel, tsiri.
Bayanin Rashanci: Cichlasoma baƙaƙe ne mai baƙar fata, kuma cichlasoma baƙaƙe ne, baƙar fata ne,
Sunayen kasashen waje: Zebra Cichlid, Zebra chanchito, Convict Cichlid, Zebrabuntbarsch Grunflossenbuntbarsch, Blaukehlchen.
Oda, suborder, iyali: Perciformes (Perciformes), Perch, Cichlidae.
M ruwa mai sanyi: 20-28 ° C.
Acidity Ph: 6.8-8.0.
Hardness dH: 8-30°.
Rashin adalci: 30% ba su da tsaurin ra'ayi, suna nuna zalunci a cikin ɓata da kulawa da zuriya.
Hadaddun abubuwan da ke ciki: mai sauki.
Mafi m, ba da irin wannan fifiko, masu neman ruwaye sun fito daga girman kifin. Cichlazoma mai launin fata-mai launin fata yana da ƙasa da lu'u-lu'u, wanda ke nufin cewa mutane da yawa zasu iya samun sa. Saboda haka bukatar!
Koyaya, idan wuraren bude akwatin kifayenku zasu baka damar riƙe kifi 15 cm, kuma rai yana buƙatar kyakkyawa da mai sheki mai ƙyalli - cichlazoma lu'u-lu'u zai zama kyakkyawan zaɓi a gare ku!
Sunan Latin: C ichlasoma cyanoguttatum.
Wasu sunaye, daidaiku, wasu ƙananan abubuwa: Herichthys panoguttatum, Herichthys carpinte, Heros panoguttatum, Perlcichlidae, Pearlscale Cichlid, Green texas cichlid, Heros na zamani, Herichthys na zamani, Cichlasoma laurae, Astatheros laurae.
Sunan Rasha: Diamond cichlazoma.
Sakonni: Pearl cichlazoma, Texas cichlid, lu'u-lu'u lu'u lu'u.
Oda, dangi: Perch, cichlid.
M ruwa mai sanyi: 22-26 ° C.
Acidity Ph: 6.5-8.0.
Rashin adalci: a matsakaici m 60%.
Hardness dH: 25 °.
Adana wahalarwa: mai sauƙi.
Severum tsikhlazoma yana daya daga cikin wakilai masu haske da suka fi fice daga dangin cichlid. Tana da tsari mai inganci da kyakkyawa, launuka daban daban na jiki. Abin da ke sa wannan mazaunin akwatin kifayen ya zama kifayen kyan gani marasa kyau. Abin sha'awa, don kyakkyawa mai kama da tsari tare da tattaunawa, Severum cichloma an kira shi da "tattaunawar karya".
Af, amma da suna! Game da Severums, akwai wani rikice rikice tare da sunan Latin. Wannan shi ne da farko saboda gaskiyar cewa ba a iya ganin Severum na gaskiya a cikin tasoshin mu, tun da bambancin launi daban-daban da nau'ikan kifaye, waɗanda ke da nasu suna daban, suna mamaye kasuwar zoo. Bugu da kari, sakamakon sake karatun, an sanya Severums zuwa ga jinsin Heros, amma mutane da yawa suna kiransu "Cichlasoma" ta "sarinka".
Da kyau, bari muyi kokarin magance dukkan rikice-rikicen abun ciki, tsarke cichlazoma arewa da kuma buɗe mayafin rashin fahimta.
Sunan Latin: Tsohon Cichlasoma severum, yanzu Heros severus.
Ilmin likita: "Heros" daga lat. - "gwarzo", "rarrabuwar" daga lat. - Arewa, mai tsanani, mai tsauri. An ɗauka cewa wannan nau'in an soshiyar arewacin wasu nau'ikan, wanda ya ba shi suna "arewa".
Wasu sunaye, kalamai, bambancin kiwo, siffofin launi: Astronotus severus, Heros efasciatus, Cichla severus, Heros appendiculatus, severum na zinare (var. "Zinariya"), shuɗi mai launin shuɗi (Heros sp. "Blau"), ja-kai (Heros sp. "Rotkeil"), layin takwas (Heros sp. "Inirida ), turquoise (Heros sp. "Turqoise Manaus"), maɓallin jan (Heros sp. "Santarem"), larvophilous (Heros sp. "Mouthbreeder"), shima Heros sp. "Rotkeil Peru", Heros appendiculatus, Heros sp. "Guyana".
Kasashen wajesunaye: Pielegnica dinki, Severum Cichlid, Banded Cichlid, Eye Spot Cichlid, Sedate cichlid, Augenfleckbuntbarsch, Convict kifi.
Sunan Rasha: Severum tsikhlazoma, tattaunawar karya.
Oda, dangi: Perciformes (Perciformes), Perch, Cichlidae.
M ruwa mai sanyi: 20-28 ° C (da kyau 25 ° C).
Acidity Ph: 6.8-8.0.
Hardness dH: 6-20°
Rashin adalci: 60% m, tashin hankali intraspecific a kan fuska.
Hadaddun abubuwan da ke ciki: mai sauki.
MEHECA CYCHLASOMA
Cichlasoma meeki
Gida na - Guatemala da Kudancin Meksiko. Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace.
Meeke cichlazomas ya kai 15cm. a tsawon. Very unpretentious ga abun ciki, lumana, amma ƙasa. A cikin akwatin kifayen fili, kifi mai matsakaici na iya zama maƙwabta.
An bambanta maza daga mace ta ƙeƙasassu: ƙanƙanƙunansu da ƙanƙanyan ƙanana sun kasance masu fa'ida kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen su yana cikin cikakke. Partashin ɓangaren na shugaban namiji yana da launin ja.
Abinci: rayuwa, bushe, musanya. Suna son zuciyar sa da cin nama.
Cichlasoma sajica
Sigogi na ruwa don tabbatarwa: 22-28 ° C, dH har zuwa 20 °, pH 6.8-7.8.
Launi: jiki ne launin ruwan kasa a launi, wanda ya ƙetare 6 zuwa 9 ratsi mai duhu mai duhu. Doarfin dorsal da na fin fin kwas tare da wani shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Mace tana da launin ruwan kasa, launin jikin ta yana launin ja, a bayanta akwai wasu aibobi zinare da yawa. Dorsal fin da anal fin kodadde rawaya.
Kifin ya kai tsawon har zuwa cm 12. Daidaitawar kwanciyar hankali har ma da jin kunya, tabbas suna buƙatar mafaka.
CYCLASOMA WINE, SARAGDOVA
Cichlasoma na wucin gadi cinema
Sigogi na ruwa don tabbatarwa: 21-28 ° C, dH 5-20 °, pH 6.5-7.5.
Landasar Gida - p. Amazon da kuma wuraren ajiya na arewacin Kudancin Amurka.
Launin kifin yana da kyau. Yawancin lokaci launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi ko zinare. Wani mara nauyi mara kyau yana gudana cikin jiki, wanda zai iya ɓacewa. A tsakiyar jiki babban tabe baki ne.
Insaƙƙarfan hawayen suna da rawaya mai duhu Dorsal fin tare da kan iyaka, farin caudal tare da ratsi mai duhu mai duhu.
Maza sun fi girma daga mace; suna da falmaran kitse a goshinsa. Fashin hancin ya fi girma.
Wadannan cichlids suna cikin lumana. Maƙwabta na iya zama kifi iri ɗaya a girma da kuma tepement.
Don tabbatarwa, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 120 (ƙarancin) tare da mafaka da tsirrai daban-daban. Kamar yadda na ce, mafaka (tsintsiya, duwatsu, da sauransu kada ta kasance mai kaifi, kunkuntar da ƙananan).
Crinlasoma citrinellum
Sigogi na ruwa don tabbatarwa: 23-28 ° C, dH har zuwa 30 °, pH 6.5-8.
Gida - Lake Managua da Nicaragua.
Babban launi na jiki shine daga launin toka-toka zuwa duhu launin toka-shuɗi, tare da 6-7 duhu ratsi ratsi a bangarorin kuma tare da duhu tabo a tsakiya. Tare da shekaru, launi zai iya canzawa zuwa haske zuwa rawaya mai haske ko ruwan-orange.
A cikin maza, layin goshi a gaban idanun yana cikin damuwa;
Wadannan cichlamoses suna da matukar tayar da hankali, kuma a lokacin tsageran kawai "dabbobin". Ana iya ajiye su a cikin babban akwatin kifaye kuma kawai tare da kifaye masu kama.
Cichlasoma bikin
Tsarin ruwa a cikin abun ciki da dilution ba su da wata mahimmanci, yanayin kwanciyar hankali a abun ciki na 21-25 ° C, yayin dilution - 26-28 ° C.
Landasar Gida - p. Paraguay, Guiana, har ma a cikin kogin. Amazon.
An bambanta namiji da mace ta girman girma da launi mai haske.
Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali har ma suna jin kunya, ana iya kiyaye su tare da ƙananan nau'in, alal misali, cichlids na yanayin da suke ciki (ba mai tayar da hankali sosai ba).
Don tabbatarwa, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 100 (ƙarancin) tare da mafaka iri-iri da tsirrai masu iyo.
Ba su da sha'awar abinci: rayuwa, daskarewa, bushe, canji. Abincin kayan lambu ake bukata.
Tsarin ruwa don abun ciki: 22-28 ° C, dH 4-25 °, pH 6.9-8.5.
Gida na gabashin shine yankin tsakiyar Amurka.
Jikin duhu duhu ne ko tan. Daga hancin ido har zuwa wani wuri mai duhu a saman sashin rukunin caudal fin, akwai wani shinge mara nauyi wanda yake zagaye da tabkin duhu wanda yake tsakiyar jikin. Doarshen dorsal mai launin shuɗi-mai launin tare da jan iyaka, ƙarshen elongated yumbu-rawaya. Fin caudal da fin fin a gindi sune rawaya yumɓu, jan a waje.
Namiji yana da launuka sosai, ,aƙƙarfan hancin yana da ƙarfi sosai. Mace tana da tsakiyar aikin ɗakin murƙarshin kuma ƙaramin sashi na murfin gill tare da baƙar fata. "
Tsawon namiji ya kai cm 16, mace kuma ya kai 13 cm.
Fishe suna da kwanciyar hankali, amma yayin tsallakewa da kulawa da zuriya sai su zama masu zafin rai. Suna tono ƙasa kawai a wurare masu duhu daga rufe. Gashi, ɓoye a ƙarƙashin snags, fasalin dutse. Kasuwancin ruwa na kamar akalla lita 250.
Cichlasoma spilurum
Sigogi na ruwa don tabbatarwa: 21-28 ° C, dH har zuwa 15 °, pH 6.5-7.
Homeasar Gida - Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica.
Jiki ba ya barin, ƙarshen dorsal fin da fin fin suna da tsawo. Tsawon kifin ya kai 10 cm.
Launin jikinsa kore ne, a gefe akwai 7-8 rawaya madaukai, sikeli tare da baki da shuɗi kan iyaka suna yin fasalin lalata.
Namiji ya fi girma sama da mace, ƙyallen launuka masu launin ja. Matar tana da fin launin rawaya.
Waɗannan su ne in mun gwada da son zaman lafiya da cichlamoses, masu tayar da hankali ne kawai a lokacin ɓarna. Aka tattara a cikin babban akwatin kifaye masu kama da kifi.
Cichlasoma tetracanthum
Sigogiruwa don gyara: 25-30 ° C, dH zuwa 50 °, pH 5.8-8.8.
Gida - Barbados da Cuba.
Launin kifin yana da sauƙin yanayi kuma yana iya canzawa tare da shekaru ko a cikin "yanayi". Yawancin lokaci, yawancin yaduwar launin fuka da aibobi suna warwatse akan asalin launin toka-kore. Insanyun raguna an nuna, babban matashin kai mai nama yana bayyana a goshi tare da tsufa.
Waɗannan su ne cichlamoses na bakin ciki, waɗanda ke da halayyar tashin hankali. Ba sa son maƙwabta; yana da kyau a ajiye su daban a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Cichlasoma facetum
Sigogi na ruwa don tabbatarwa: 20-27 ° C, dH har zuwa 20 °, pH 6.5-7.5.
Gida ta - kudancin Brazil, Uruguay da arewacin Argentina.
Launi na wannan nau'in cichlamose sosai m. A matsayinka na mai mulki, babban launi shine launin toka mai launin toka-toka, amma zai iya zama kore, kore-shuɗi, da ja. A cikin jiki, 5-6 bakin ratsi na kwance sun shude.
Kifi ya kai 10 cm a tsayi, m da ƙasa. Maƙwabta na iya zama iri ɗaya a girma da yawan zafin jiki zuwa kifi.
Managuan cichlid babban kifi ne mai ƙarfi da haske. An lakaba masa bayan asalin rayuwarsa. A cikin mutane gama gari suna kiran shi - jaguar (saboda launinta). Girman kifin ya kai cm 30-40.
Managuan cihlazoma za'a iya ajiye shi kawai a cikin manyan manyan ruwayoyin ruwa, don haka yana da girma babba. Kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 400 (kowace biyu), janar na cikin ruwa na 600-800 lita ko fiye. Maƙwabta na iya zama babban cichlids. Ba za ku iya dasa karamin kifi ba ... sai dai da yamma don abincin dare.
Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali, amma suna tsare yankin su kamar masu aika-aika ... magabatan masu aiki waɗanda ke ciyar da ba kawai kan ƙananan kifaye ba, har ma a kan manyan magudanan jini, ciyawar ƙasa, manyan larvae, da bushe bushe.
Aramarfin ruwa mai kwantar da hankali don abun ciki: 24-27 ° C, tauri mai ƙarfi 15-25 °, pH 7-8. Buƙatar haɓaka da haɓakar tacewa tare da canjin ruwa na mako-mako zuwa 1/3 na ƙara.
Bayyanar jinsi
Amma cichloma na Sedzhik yana bayyanar da halayen halaye daban-daban ta watanni 5-7. A wannan lokacin, namiji ya zama mafi girma da duhu fiye da mace, ƙwallon ya sami sifa mai fasali da launi ruwan giya (saboda haka sunan na biyu: vinnychnikny). Mace tana karami da wuta, yawan kiba a goshi baya bayyana.
Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na maza cichlazoma labiatum shine “girma” mai karen kitsen a goshi kawai lokacin tsiya. Daga baya, ya kusan daidaita tare da janar da lafiyar jikin kifin.
Canje-canje a cikin manya yayin balaga da kuma yaɗuwa a cikin nau'ikan irin su orange cichlazoma (festacychlazoma) asali ne. Tare da halayyar launuka mai haske mai haske, namiji yakan zama mai launin kore a lokacin isar da shi. Koyaya, wannan ba garantin bane cewa mace tayi daidai ga tururi ta dace dashi. Gaskiyar ita ce ma'aurata '' orange 'suna haɓaka tun suna ƙuruciya. Kuma ba sa canza zabin kifayen su.
Amma cichlazoma ruwan inabin, ya yi akasin haka, yana haɗu da gaskiyar cewa namiji kowane lokaci kafin tsiyayar dole ne ya sami damar zaɓin abokin tarayya.
Mayngano ba shi da bambance-bambance a bayyanar mace da namiji a cikin rayuwa.
Su waye iyayen?
Kulawa da zuriyarka muhimmiyar halayyar kowane jinsi ce. Idan babban aikin mace a cikin cichlazoma meek ko pawnshop shine sanya ƙwai, to, cichlazoma labiatum mace ce mai kula da rashin kula da kanta. Tana kare ƙwai daga lalacewa, koyaushe yana kusa da soyarta har ma yana ciyar da su ta hanyar sirri.
Yayi kyau a cikin aikin iyaye, Vieha da brazhnik, nanakara da tetracanthus.
Tsikhlazoma multispinosis (wanda ya fi dacewa, gwarzo gwargwado na multispinosis) yaci gaba da kulawa da ita ga jariran da zata zo nan gaba: kasancewar kullun yana kusa da qwai, tana karasowa da gindin zama, yana samar da hanyoyin ruwa kuma baya samar da musayar iska yayin rayuwarsu.. Wannan yana hana qwai yin tsinkaye da ci gaba ta hanyar kwatsam microflora.
Kuma a nan shine Cuban cichlazoma wanda aka gano ta hanyar Valenciennes a cikin 1831tare da dukkan so na na gaba (don kiyaye ƙwaiyen su, iyayen ma'aurata ma sun haƙa ramuka a cikin ƙasa mai laushi kuma tana tura su can daga duwatsun da akan samo su a farko) haramun ne a cikin abincin da zai iya cin wasu ko duk ƙwai. Cichloma na Cuban shima ana bambanta shi da canzawar lokaci zuwa launi, gwargwadon shekaru da yanayi.
Hanyar multicolor - culchis na aulonocar ya bambanta da 'yan'uwa a cikin tsari. Sake bugun irin waɗannan kifayen tsari ne mai kyau kuma na musamman. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa mace mai yawa tana sa ƙwai a cikin kwayar maƙogwaron. Wannan zai ci gaba har sai sun kyan gani. Don ƙwanƙwasawa, mace tana ɓoyewa a cikin rami na musamman da aka haƙa a cikin ƙasa ko bututun magudanar ruwa, kasancewar yakamata a kula dashi a cikin murhun gaba. Daga can, kuna buƙatar hanzarta kuma a hankali dasa duka zuriyar cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙara ruwa a cikin lita 10. Furtherari, zuriya masu yawa suna cike da abinci na rai, kodayake cikin dare har yanzu suna hawa cikin bakin mahaifiyar mace. Af, idan a cikin manya jihar kifaye suna da yawa - masu son zaman lafiya da halittu masu kwantar da hankali, ba za a ƙaddamar da soya nan da nan cikin akwatin kifin na kowa ba. Multicolor shine wakili na musamman na cichlase.
Bayyanarwar ilhamar iyaye a cikin maygano shima ya sha bamban. Mace tana iyo tare da kwai a bakinta tana neman namiji ta wurin duhun duhu kusa da fin fin. Bayan ta samo kuma tayi ruwa a ciki, sai ta kwashe kwayar a cikin bakinta, wacce ke tabbatar da haduwar kwai na mayngano kai tsaye a bakin ta. Wannan shi ne abin da Mayngano ya damu da zuriyarsa.
Daga cikin cichlases, zaku iya zaɓar zaɓin da ya dace don gidan ƙaunataccen ruwan ku: daga sanannun kifin ceylachoma mai ladabi zuwa ƙwararren damisa na asali ko akuyar gwal. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole a shirya a gaba kuma tattaunawa tare da kwararru. Bayan duk, kowa ya kasance ya kasance mai gamsarwa: duka mazaunan akwatin kifayen da mutanen da ke ɗauke da shi don jin daɗinsu.