Salvini cichlazoma (Cichlasoma salvini) lokacin da siyan shi a lokacin ƙuruciya shine kifin launin toka mai ƙyalli, yana jan hankalin mutane. Amma komai yana canzawa lokacin da ta girma, to ita kyan kyan kyau ce mai haske, wacce ake iya gani a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma ganinta yana kan ta. Salvini kifi ne mai matsakaici, zai iya girma har zuwa 22 cm, amma yawanci ƙasa da ƙasa. Kamar dai dukkan cichlids, zai iya zama da m sosai, tunda yanki ne. Wannan mafarauta ce, kuma za ta ci ƙananan kifayen, don haka kuna buƙatar ajiye su ko dai dabam ko tare da wasu cichlids.

Rayuwa a cikin yanayin

Salvini cichlazoma ne aka fara bayyana shi da Gunther a shekarar 1862. Suna zaune a Amurka ta Tsakiya, a Kudancin Meziko, Honduras, Guatemala. An kuma kawo su jihohin Texas, Florida.
Salvini cichlomas suna zaune a cikin koguna tare da hanya mai tsayi da ƙarfi, ciyar da kwari, invertebrates da kifi. Ba kamar sauran ɗimbin dabbobin ruwa ba, mashahurin suna cinye mafi yawan lokacinsu farauta a cikin wuraren manyan koguna da wuraren bautar, kuma ba a bakin tekun tsakanin duwatsu da shunin, kamar sauran nau'in halitta ba.

LITTAFINSA

Jikin yana da elongated, m a cikin siffa tare da muck mai kaifi. A cikin yanayi, salvini ya girma har zuwa 22 cm, wanda ya fi girma fiye da matsakaicin girman cichlids a Amurka ta Tsakiya. A cikin akwatin kifaye, suna ƙarami, kusan 15-18 cm. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, suna iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10-13.

A cikin kifin saurayi da ba ya tsufa, launin jiki yana da launin toka-shuɗi, amma a tsawon lokaci sai ya zama mai launi mai ban sha'awa. Salvini cichlazoma na girma ya zama rawaya, amma ratsin baƙi yana biye da asalin rawaya. Continuousaya daga na gaba yana gudana zuwa tsakiyar tsakiyar jikin mutum, na biyu kuma ya kasu kashi biyu kuma ya wuce na farkon. Abun ciki yana ja.

CIGABA A CIKIN SAUKI

Ana iya ba da shawarar Salvini tsikhlazoma don masu neman ruwa mai tasowa, saboda zai zama da wahala ga sabon shiga. Waɗannan kifaye ne marasa ma'ana kuma suna iya zama a cikin ƙananan ramuwar ruwa, amma a lokaci guda suna da haushi ga wasu kifayen. Suna kuma buƙatar canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai da kulawa mai kyau.

CIGABA

Kodayake an dauki salvini cichlazoma a matsayin kifi mai omasi da yawa, a cikin yanayin har yanzu ya kasance mafi ƙaddara wanda ke ciyar da ƙaramin kifi da invertebrates. A cikin akwatin kifayen, suna cin kowane irin rayuwa, kankara ko abinci na kiba. Tushen ciyarwa na iya zama abinci na musamman don cichlids, kuma a ƙari kuma kuna buƙatar bayar da abinci mai rai - artemia, tubule, da zubar jini a cikin adadi kaɗan. Suna kuma jin daɗin yankakken kayan lambu, kamar su kokwamba ko alayyafo.

A yanayi

Salvini cichlazoma shine aka fara bayyana shi a 1862 daga masanin ilimin likitan dabbobi na asalin kasar Jamus Albert Gunther. Waɗannan baƙin kifayen suna zaune a cikin ruwan Amurka ta Tsakiya. An haɗu da su a Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala. An kuma shigo da su cikin Amurka kuma suka yada zuwa jihohin Texas da Florida.

Tsikhlazomas ya fi son kogunan da ke da ƙaƙƙarfan aiki. Masu cin gashin kansu ne kuma suna ciyar da ƙaramin kifaye, kwari da kwari. Sabanin sauran cichlases, salvins ba sa ɓoyewa a suttura da duwatsu, amma suna farauta a sarari.

Bayanin

Menene salvini cichlazoma yayi kama? Hotunan sun nuna cewa wannan kifin ne mai matsini mai launi mai haske. Cichlazoma na iya girma zuwa babba mai girma - har zuwa 22 cm, amma yawanci a cikin akwatin kifayen bai kai irin wannan tsayin ba ya tsaya a tsayin 15-18 cm.Duk kamar dangi, salvini yanki ne da zafinsa. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 13.

Jikin Salvini yana da elongated, oval, da muck yana da kaifi. Matasa kifi waɗanda ba su kai ga balaga ba suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Cichlazoma na manya yana da launin launi mai haske. Babban launi shine rawaya, amma ratsin baki mai tsayi kullun yana tafiya da jiki. Continuousaya daga cikin ci gaba na baƙar fata yana gudana kai tsaye tare da layin tsakiyar jiki, na biyu ya katse, yana watse cikin rabe daban a baya da na fin fin. Abun ciki da na fin fin ja.

Siffofin Abubuwan ciki

Ga masu farawa aquarists, cichlazoma salvini zai kasance da wahala a kula, kodayake ba a bukatar kan sigogin ruwa. Don adana salvini ɗaya, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifin na 200 lita. Kuma idan kuna shirin kasancewa tare dasu da sauran nau'ikan kifayen, to lallai za a ninka adadin har sau 2. Hakanan, sinadarin cichlases suna da halin tashin hankali, suna zama da m lokacin fushi.

Ciyar da abinci

A cikin yanayi, cichlazoma salvini maƙiyi ne. Wakilan wannan nau'in suna cin abinci mai rai - kifi, invertebrates, kwari. Tare da abun wucin gadi, ana rarraba salvini a matsayin mai iko, kamar yadda suke son cin kowane irin kayan mutum, ice cream da abinci mai rai.

Babban abinci, a matsayin mai mulkin, abinci ne na musamman don cichlids. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a bayar da abinci mai daskarewa ko rayayyiyar abinci - zubar jini, coronet, tubule, artemia, earthworms da lardin cricket. Hakanan kuna buƙatar indulge kifin tare da koren abinci - alayyafo, letas, dandelion, kokwamba, zucchini da sauran kayan lambu. Wasu masoya suna ciyar da dabbobinsu mai daskarewa daga abincin teku, kifaye masu rai da ƙamshi.

Masana sun ce don kyakkyawar rayuwa, cichlases guda ɗaya zasu buƙaci karfin 200 lita ko fiye. A cikin babban akwatin kifayen zaka iya adana mutane da yawa, daɗa 30-40 na ruwa na kowane. Za'a iya amfani da kowace ƙasa, amma ya fi kyau a ɗauki ƙananan pebbles ko kwakwalwan giram. Don dasa tsirrai tare da tushen ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar farin ciki na ƙasa daga 8 cm.

A kasan akwatin kifaye, dole ne a sanya mafaka da kantuna waɗanda aka yi da duwatsu da snags. Wadannan kayan ado zasu zama mafaka ga kifin da ke son ɓoyewa daga mai zaluntar. Yawancin lokaci cichlids suna lalata tsire-tsire, amma salvins suna bi da su a hankali.

Dole tsirrai su sami tsarin tushen ƙarfi. Misali, cryptocorins, echinodorus, pinnacle, wallisneria, elodea sun dace. Cichlids ba sa buƙata a kan tsarin ruwa. Zazzabi - 24-26 digiri, acidity - 7-8.5 pH, tauri - daga 5 zuwa 20 ° dH.

Cichlazoma na Salvini baya son hasken haske mai yawa kuma ya fi son mafaka waɗanda ke da kariya daga tsananin hasken manyan fitilun. Idan ka shigar da fitilu masu karfin iko a murfin, to kifin zai kwashe kusan tsawon lokaci a mafaka kuma ba zai bar su sha'awar launinsu mai haske ba. Isasshen zai zama ƙarfin fitilun fitila mai nauyin 0.3 watts a kowace lita na ruwa.

Filin ruwa da iska ya zama dole, ruwan ya zama mai tsabta kuma ya cika da oxygen. Kowane mako, kuna buƙatar maye gurbin 20% na ruwa da siphon ƙasa.

Yarbuwa

Wanene ya dace da salvini cichlazoma? Amfani da wannan nau'in kifin yana da iyakantacce, kamar yadda yake da sauran cichlids. Salvini bai dace sosai don zama a cikin akwatin kifaye na yau da kullun ba. Maƙwabta ba za su iya zama ƙananan kifi ba - guppies, neons, rappings ko shrimps. Cichlids sune mafarautan da zasu hango dukkan kananan dabbobi a matsayin abinci kawai.

Cichlids su ma yankuna ne, wanda ke nufin sun zaɓi wurin da ke da kuma kare shi daga sauran kifayen. Koyaya, ba za a ɗauke su a matsayin masu yin gasa da kifayen kifayen masu kama da kifi ba. Zai iya iya danganta salvini ga dangin sa - cichlids of black-striped, managuan, tawali'u.

Kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa kifin da ya fi girma, haka ma yalwataccen akwatin kifaye ɗin ya kamata. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin shakatawa, lokacin da ma'aurata ke lura da tasirin su sosai. Da yawa daga mafaka, sarari don iyo da ciyarwa da yawa zasu taimaka wajen rage zalunci.

Kiwo

Yadda za a tsallake salvini cichlazoma? Ana iya haifuwa lokacin da kifin ya kai watanni 10-12. Ko da a lokacin samartaka, ana yin nau'i-nau'i ko yaushe. Spawning na iya faruwa duka a cikin spawning da kuma a cikin babban akwatin kifaye, idan ɗayan ya isa girma.

A lokacin tserewa, ma'auratan suna zama masu zafin rai kuma a lokaci guda suna jin kunya. Tsananin damuwa na iya haifar da mutuwar zuriya da iyayensu. Ruwan akwatin kifaye na lita 100 ya ishe spaining. A kasan can yakamata a sami mafaka masu yawa, manya-manya. Spawning yana motsa maye gurbin ruwa da karuwar yawan zafin jiki na digiri na 2-4.

A kan dutse mai laushi, macen ta markada kwai 500, wanda a cikin kwanaki 3 ke nan larvae zai bayyana. A soya suna ciyar da ƙura mai rai, brine shrimp nauplii, yankakken tubule. A cikin akwatin kifaye masu girma, yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama daidai 26 digiri. Iyaye za a iya ɗaure su. Idan spawning faruwa a cikin wani akwatin kifaye na kowa, to, iyaye za su lura da zuriya.

Salvini cichlazoma kifi ne mai kyau tare da halayyar ban sha'awa da launi mai haske. Tana buƙatar filin ruwa mai fa'ida tare da ɗimbin matsuguni da ruwa mai tsabta. Cichlazoma da ke cikin motley yana da kyau musamman a kan bangon dutse da ciyawar kore.

Rayuwa cikin yanayi

Salvini cichlazoma ne aka fara bayyana shi da Gunther a shekarar 1862. Suna zaune a Amurka ta Tsakiya, a Kudancin Meziko, Honduras, Guatemala. An kuma kawo su jihohin Texas, Florida.

Salvini cichlomas suna zaune a cikin koguna tare da hanya mai tsayi da ƙarfi, ciyar da kwari, invertebrates da kifi.

Ba kamar sauran ɗimbin dabbobin ruwa ba, mashahurin suna cinye mafi yawan lokacinsu farauta a cikin wuraren manyan koguna da wuraren bautar, kuma ba a bakin tekun ba tsakanin duwatsu da mashaya, kamar sauran nau'in halittu.

Wuya a cikin abun ciki

Ana iya ba da shawarar Salvini tsikhlazoma don masu neman ruwa mai tasowa, saboda zai zama da wahala ga sabon shiga.

Waɗannan kifaye ne marasa ma'ana kuma suna iya rayuwa a cikin karamin akwatin kifaye, amma a lokaci guda suna yin ƙiyayya ga sauran kifayen. Suna kuma buƙatar canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai da kulawa mai kyau.

Banbancin jinsi

Namijin salvini cichlazoma ya bambanta da mace a girma, ya fi girma girma. Tana da ƙusoshin da ya fi tsayi da kaifi.

Mace tana karami, kuma mafi mahimmanci, tana da tabo mara duhu a kasan murfin gill, wanda namiji bashi da shi.

Mace (a bayyane bayyane tabo a cikin kwayoyi)

Abinci mai gina jiki

Yana nufin abincin dabbobi. A cikin yanayi, yana ciyar da ruwa mai ƙoshin ruwa da ƙananan kifi. Koyaya, a cikin akwatin kifaye zai ɗauki dukkanin shahararrun nau'in abinci. Koyaya, yakamata a rage abincin tare da abinci mai rai ko mai sanyi, kamar su jinin haila ko brine shrimp.

Mafi kyau duka girman akwatin kifaye don mutum ɗaya ko biyu daga kifi yana farawa daga lita 100. A cikin ƙirar, ya zama dole don samar da wurare da yawa na ɓoye inda Cichlazoma na Salvini zai iya ɓoyewa. Abinda aka fi dacewa shine yashi. Kasancewar tsire-tsire masu ruwa ana maraba dasu, amma dole ne a taƙaita adadinsu kuma su hana wuce gona da iri. Kifi yana buƙatar sarari kyauta don iyo.
Kulawa mai nasara ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, mafi mahimmancin su sune: kiyaye yanayin ruwa mai tsafta tare da pH da dGH, tsaftace kullun na akwatin kifaye (tsaftace shi), da sauya sati na ɓangaren ruwan (20-25% na ƙarar) tare da sabo.

Cutar Kifi

Babban dalilin yawancin cututtuka shine yanayin da bai dace ba da abinci mai inganci. Idan an gano alamun farko, yakamata ku duba sigogin ruwa da kasancewar manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da abubuwa masu haɗari (ammoniya, nitrites, nitrates, da sauransu), idan ya cancanta, ku dawo da alamun to al'ada kuma kawai sai a ci gaba da magani. Don ƙarin bayani game da alamu da magani, duba sassan Cututtukan Kifi na Aquarium.

Kiwo da kiwo

Kifi ya zama mai yin jima'i a shekara. Hanyar haifuwa na yiwuwa ne kawai tsakanin waɗancan mutane da suka zaɓi juna a matsayin ma'aurata a cikin “ƙuruciya”, kamar yadda zai iya magana. Don kuma motsa sha'awa, ya zama dole:

• yin rabin ruwa sau biyu a mako,
• Sanya wata shimfida mai laushi a cikin tanki inda caviar zata yi karo,
• sanya mafaka mai yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Bayan mace ta sanya kwai, namiji zai ba ta ita. Zamanin shiryawa ya kai kwana uku, bayan wannan kwanon ya bayyana. Kwana bakwai na farko suna ciyar da nauplii, sannan tubule, an wanke sosai da yankakken. Kamar yadda kake gani, kiwo kifi tsari ne mai sauki.

Da zaran iyaye sun fara nuna adawa ga "yaran", ya kamata a daure yaran. A lokaci guda, mace da namiji suna zaune tsawon kwanaki don su huta daga juna. Babban abu ba shine a jinkirta lokacin hutawa ba, saboda mutane sun fara tsufa ba tare da matansu ba.

Cututtuka da rigakafin su

Salvini cichlomas suna cikin koshin lafiya. Babban dalilin ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban shine rashin kyawun yanayi. Yarda da duk ka'idodin kulawa shine babban matakan hana aukuwar wasu cututtuka. Idan yanayin kifin ya tsananta, yana da kyau a bincika ingancin ruwan kuma ci gaba da magani.