Ya kasance ga dangin scapanorinch kuma wakili ne kawai. Wannan babban kifin shark ne tare da kamannin da yake da kyau, godiya gare shi wacce ake kuma kiranta da goblin shark. Yana zaune a zurfin sama da mita 200 a cikin tsaurara da ruwa mai ɗumi a cikin teku 3. An san wannan nau'in tun shekara ta 1897 lokacin da ta kama babban dutsen Shark kusa da Japan. An kuma kama wakilan jinsunan a cikin Gulf of Mexico, a gefen iyakar kudu na Brazil, a bakin tekun Faransa, Portugal, Afirka ta Kudu, Mozambique, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, California, Sri Lanka.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun goblin sharks a zurfin mita 270-960. An samo haƙoran wannan kifin na katifik a cikin rufin kebul na ruwa a zurfin zurfin mita 1370. Kuma mafi girman zurfin kama shine mita 1300. A lokaci guda, kifayen da suka manyanta suna rayuwa a wuri mai zurfi sama da na yara. Latterarshen rayuwar galibi suna zaune ne a cikin ruwa mai zurfin mita 100-350, ana samun su a zurfin mita 40. Kimiyya ta san kawai 'yan sharholiya-brownies. An kama su ko kuma aka wanke su gaci.

Bayanin

Garkuwa yana da tsawo da lebur, a siffa yayi kama da takobin takobi. Idanun suna kanana ba tare da lafiyayyun urinary membranes. Bakin yana da girma, yana da kamannin kamannin mutum. Akwai ƙananan 35-52 da ƙananan layuka na 31-63 hakora. A gaban muƙamuƙi dogo ne, kuma kunkuntar, kuma a bangarorin ƙanana ne kuma suna murkushe abinci da bawo. Akwai nau'i nau'i biyar na gill slits. Jiki yayi kamar na bakin ciki.

Akwai fan ƙaramin ƙashi biyu na wani nau'in zagaye, wanda ba shi da ƙima ga sharks. Har ila yau, an haɗu da ƙananan filayen. Alaƙƙarfan hanci da ƙashin ƙugu ya fi ƙashin sama baya. Fin caudal yana da madaidaicin babbar lobe, kuma mai ƙanƙan da kusan ya shuɗe. Fatar tana jujjuyawa, mai ruwan hoda, kamar yadda tasoshin jini ke haskaka ta. Tare da shekaru, bayyanar fatar ta kara yawa, kuma ruwan samarin kifin fata kusan fari ne. Bayan mutuwa, launi na jiki ya zama launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka mai haske. Fayoyin an kwatanta shi da ƙyalli mai ɗanɗano.

Tsawon shark-brownie ya kai mita 3-4. A cikin 2000, an kama wata mace, wanda tsawonta ya kai mita 5.4. Saboda haka akwai zaton cewa wakilan jinsunan zasu iya girma zuwa girma girma. Matsakaicin nauyi mai rijista shine 210 kg tare da tsawon mita 3.8. Gabaɗaya, mace tayi yawa fiye da maza.

Kiwo

Littlearamin abu ne sananne game da haihuwar nau'ikan halittu. Wataƙila waɗannan kifayen sharhi suna da fa'ida. Amfrayo suna girma yayin haihuwa, kuma a haihuwa girmanta ya kai cm 80. Maza sun zama ma'aurata da jima'i tare da tsawon tsawon mita 2.6. Kuma girman da balagagge na mata ba a sani ba. Babu bayanai game da girma, tsufa da kuma tsammanin rayuwa.

Halayya da Abinci

Tsarin shark-brownie yana nuna yanayin rayuwa mara aiki har ma da rauni. Tsokoki ba su da haɓaka, ƙashin kansa yana da taushi da ƙanƙane. Dogon caudal yana nuna jinkirin motsi. Hashin yana da taushi, don haka, ba za a yi amfani da shi don cire ganima a ƙasan ba. Hangen nesa yana taka karamin rawa wajen samun abinci.

Abincin ya ƙunshi kifin bony, cephalopods, crustaceans. Ciyar da abinci ne da za'ayi yafi kusa da bakin ruwa. Zai yi wuya a kira goblin Shark wani mai farauta. Ta drifts a cikin shafi na ruwa kuma a lokaci guda yana yin ƙaramin motsi. Lokacin da ganima ta kusa, jajiyoyin sun ci gaba suka ja shi ko kuma ruwan ya tsotse cikin bakin tare da wanda abin ya shafa.

Matsayin Kariya

Wannan nau'in yana rayuwa cikin zurfafa, saboda haka ba haɗari ga ɗan adam. Shark-brownie yana da matsayin ƙarancin haɗari, tun da yake baya wakiltar kowane darajar kasuwanci. Barazanar a gare ta ita ce gurbata yanayi. Hakanan ana iya kama shi da gangan yayin kamun kifi. A 2003, an kama wakilan nau'ikan 100 a kusa da Taiwan. Ba su sami wani bayani game da wannan ba, amma masana sun ba da shawarar cewa abin da ya haddasa girgizar kasa ce.

Siffofi da mazauninsu

Wannan kifin mai ban tsoro ya sami sunan sa saboda tsarin kansa. A gabanta, babban lege mai zurfi yana birgewa, wanda duk kamannin sa sun yi kama da katako mai katsewa ko kuma mangwaro. Wannan mutumin asali ne tun asali saboda yana da launi irin na fata - ruwan hoda.

Wannan launi yana nan a cikin kifin saboda cikakkiyar bayyanawar fatar ta. Ari, har yanzu yana tare da lu'u lu'u-lu'u. Wannan bawai yana nufin cewa fatar kifin tana da bakin ciki sosai ba, amma duk da haka duk tasoshin kifin suna cikin bayyane. Saboda haka da sabon ruwan hoda launi.

A shekara ta 1898, a karon farko ta zama sananne game da Shark Shark. An fara gano shi a cikin Jar Teku a gabar gabar Kogin Urdun. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kuma a halin yanzu, yan-Adam sun san kusan sharks sharks 54 ne kawai. A zahiri, wannan adadin yana da kadan sosai domin zurfafa binciken wannan son, halayensa, al'adunta da mazauninsu, asalinsa kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan.

Dangane da wasu bayanai ne kawai aka sani, masana kimiyya sun sami wasu yanke shawara. Misali, ga mazaunin irin wannan zurfin brownie shark masu girma dabam karami, daya na iya fada da masu saukin kai. A matsakaici, kifayen sun kai tsawon mita 2-3 kuma suna nauyin 200. Akwai misalai da yawa na haɗuwa da ƙwallan goblins na mita biyar, amma waɗannan kwatancin ba su da ainihin shaida.

Wannan kifin shark yana rayuwa ne kawai a wajaje mai zurfi. Ba za ku taɓa saduwa da ita ba a waccan zurfin inda zaku iya lura da wasu wakilan iyalinta. Brownie shark zaune zurfin sama da mita 200, saboda haka sun koya game da shi ba da daɗewa ba. Ba ko'ina ba ne, amma a wasu wurare. Mun gan ta a cikin Tekun Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, a gefen tekun Japan, a cikin yankin Ostiraliya da Jar Teku.

Halin hali da salon rayuwa

Goblin shark yana da babban hanta, wanda yakai kusan kashi 25% na nauyinta. Irin wannan babban hanta na taimaka wa kifin yin iyo a ruwa, shine mafitsara na ruwan wankansa. Wani aiki mai amfani na hanta shi ne cewa yana adana duk abubuwan gina jiki na Shark. Godiya ga wannan aikin hanta, wannan kifin zai iya yin ba tare da abinci na dogon lokaci ba, har zuwa makonni da yawa. A lokaci guda, cikawar sa ke zama ƙara lalacewa.

Harshen kifi ba shi da kyau saboda gaskiyar cewa yana rayuwa koyaushe a cikin zurfin zurfin jikin ruwa. Amma tana da ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa na masu karɓar na'urorin jin dadi waɗanda kifin ke amfani da ita lokacin neman abinci.

Waɗannan masu karɓar ra'ayoyi suna kan babban berarsa kuma suna iya warin ƙanshin wanda aka azabtar dashi a cikin duhu mai duhu na mituna da yawa. Shark yana da tsarin muƙamuƙi na musamman da hakora masu ƙarfi. Kawai tana kulawa da fasa ƙyalli da manyan ƙasusuwa.

Wanda aka azabtar ba ya kama wannan kifin. Tana ɗebo ruwa a jikinta inda mai karɓar sharrin ya nuna yiwuwar wanda abin ya shafa ta same shi. Don haka, abinci ya shiga cikin kifin kai tsaye a bakin. Babban muƙamuƙin zai iya tanƙwara da shimfiɗa waje. Irin wannan ikon yana da wuya a sami wata rigima, saboda haka, idan shark din ya fahimci wanda aka azabtar, wajibi ne a sake shi.

Wannan kifin tare da dukkanin kamanninsa yana haifar da tsoro da firgici, amma ga mutum ba shi da wani hatsari, tunda kusan basu taɓa faruwa ba. Ba kowa bane an bashi damar cin nasara nesa da zurfin sama da mita 200 a zurfi.

Habitat

Ana samun babban kifin teku a cikin tsaftataccen ruwa da ruwa na kusan dukkan tekuna. Haka kuma, mafi girman zurfin da ya kama ya kai mita 1300. Ainihin, an kama shi kuma ana kama shi a gefen Landasar Rising Sun (Japan), a cikin yankunan tsakanin Boso Peninsula da Tosa Bay. Sabili da haka, an yi nazari sosai a nan.

Hakanan ana iya samun su a iyakar Australia, New Zealand, Guiana na Faransa, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin Bay's Biscay, a bakin tekun Portugal da Madeira da kuma Tekun Mexico. Gidajen su yalwatawa.

Me kuma aka sani game da yan Shark? 5 mafi yawan abubuwan ban sha'awa

1. Irin wannan bakon suna ga shark-brownie ya kasance ne saboda yanayin da ya saba gani. Makarya shark yana ƙare tare da faɗuwa mai tsayi, wanda yayi kama da baki. Kuma ana bambanta goblin shark ta launinta, yana kusa da launin ruwan hoda, har ma tasoshin jini suna haskakawa ta fata.
2. Zurfin mazaunanta ya kai mita ɗari biyu.
3. An gano ainihin sharhin goblin da aka farauto shi a 1897 a gefen Tekun Japan. Koyaya, wannan dabba ba a fahimta sosai. Ba'a ma san kusan mutane nawa ne suke ba, sabili da haka ba shi yiwuwa a yanke hukunci game da ko wannan nau'in na barazanar rushewa.
4. Manyan kifin kifayen sun kai mitir uku, kuma nauyinsu ya kai kimanin kilo 160. A cikin duka, an san kusan shari'un 50 na nau'ikan kifayen.
5. Dangane da abin da ya samo tsoffin kasusuwa na goblin shark, an ƙaddara cewa tana da tsohuwar asalin (fiye da shekaru miliyan 80). Wannan dodo ya kasance koyaushe yana kewaye da almara da almara.

Komai game da abinci mai gina jiki

Yana ciyar da kwayoyin da suke rayuwa cikin zurfin. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ana amfani da haƙoran baya don murkushe ƙwancen dabbobin (ko bawo) na dabbobin da take ci.

Sakamakon motsin abin da yatsa ya haifar da abin da ya faru, ya zama da matukar dacewa a gareta ta kama ganima tare da taimakonsu. Dodo ya shimfida jajayen ruwa ya jawo ruwa a bakinsa tare da abincinsa. Ta kuma ci squids, crabs da kifayen teku daban-daban.

Game da kiwo

An sani cewa haifuwa na faruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ta hanyar kwanciya ƙwai, amfani da kwanciya da kwanciya ko haihuwar rayuwa.

Eggan kwai da ke haɗuwa da ƙwayayen kwai suna gangarowa daga oviduct, yakan wuce cikin furotin da glandon harsashi kuma an lullube shi da kwandon da ke buɗe harsashi, bayan haka aka shimfiɗa kwan a ƙasan.

Yawancin kifayen gidan da ake dasu sune jinsunan ovoviviparous. An nuna su ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa kwai wanda ya hadu ya mutu bai bar ƙarshen ɓangaren na oviducts ba (a wata hanyar daga mahaifa) har zuwa lokacin haihuwar matasa.

Kuma a karshe, sharrin viviparous, wanda amfrayo shima ya taso a cikin mahaifa, yana da wani abu mai kama da wurin yaro (mahaifa), wanda ke ciyar da tayin da jinin mahaifar.

A kowane ɗayan waɗannan yanayin, an haife jarirai koyaushe don rayuwa mai zaman kanta.

Siffofin tsarin shark, menene amfaninsu

Hanci mai ban mamaki mai ban mamaki yana aiki a matsayin nau'in kifin shark - yana taimaka wajan neman ganima kuma mafi kyawun kewaya cikin manyan zurfi, cikin duhu.
An fara bayanin dan wasan goblin ne kadan bayan karni daya da suka wuce.

Menene kuma abin ban sha'awa a ciki? Hankalin kifin yana da girma sosai har yana aiki kamar mafitsara mai iyo (kamar yawancin zurfafa-teku, musamman ma sharks), kuma yana ɗaukar kusan 25% na nauyin jikin duka. Godiya gareshi, wannan kifin yana da tsari mai kyau.

Ana jin kasantuwar naman alade tare da taimakon gabobin jiki masu hankali. Ganganunsu rauni ne saboda matsayinsu na dindindin a cikin zurfin duhu.

Haɗin ɗan adam

Darajar kasuwanci mai shark-brownie bashi da ita. Jajayen yananan shahidai sunada matukar godiya ga masu karba.

A zaman talala, an ɗauko wani sharhi mai launin shuɗi, wanda aka same shi da rai, yana zaune a Jami'ar Tokyo tsawon mako ɗaya.

Duk wani ɗan kifin yana da haɗari ga ɗan adam idan ya fi girma 80 cm, amma saboda gaskiyar ita ƙayyadaddun samfurin ce kuma tana rayuwa a zurfafan wurare (dukda cewa tana da ɗabi'a mai girma), damar haɗarin haɗari tare da ita kusan a bayyane take.

Duk da mummunar bayyanar, mai ban tsoro, goblin shark halitta ce mai mahimmanci ta yanayin halittu na ruwa mai duhu, kamar sauran dabbobi masu rai a cikinsu.

Bayyanar

Matsakaicin tsararrakin mace ta shark-domovoy ya bambanta tsakanin 2.4-3.7 m, da mace - a matakin 3.1-3.5 m. Alayoyin ƙoda da na ciki suna haɓaka da haɓaka kuma sun zarce girman fin din. Abubuwan da ke cikin babban murfin fitsari ana ɗauke da su ta hanyar kyakkyawan ci gaba da bayyanuwa da ke kama da wutsiyar dabbar labanon fox.

Fashin hancin suna laushi, ƙyallen ƙananan hancinsa ba ya nan. Yan kifin gidan Pacific, a cewar wasu masana kimiyya da ke binciken irin wannan kifin na teku, ana san su da girma da kuma girma.

Shark-domovoy yana da halin rashin ƙarni na uku, makaman karaya a cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar caudal da ƙirar kulawa ta precaudal. Hakoran hakoran gaba na irin waɗannan wakilan scaarfin scapanorinchs ko sharks suna da tsayi kuma suna da kaifi, tare da gefuna mai santsi. Teethashin haƙora na baya yanko suna da kyau sosai saboda an yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar sauri da kuma fashe ganima. Wani lokaci, saboda rashin daidaitaccen bayyanar irin wannan babban mai cin abincin ruwa, ana kiran goblin shark.

A karkashin hancin maharbin, kai tsaye a saman muƙamuƙi, an yi ishara da ƙananan hanci kamar yadda ya kamata, da kuma tsageran haske mai cike da haske. Idanun scapanorinchs ko gidan-sharks, wadanda basu da girma sosai a girman su, sun sami damar yin haske sosai a cikin duhun ruwa tare da hasken kore mai kyawun launi. Koyaya, irin wannan sabon abu mallakar farkon farashi yana da asali a cikin yawancin mazauna teku masu zurfi na zamani. Yankin yankin na goblin shark yana da launin ruwan hoda mai haske, kuma a bango akwai kyawawan launuka masu duhu sosai.

Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Ya kamata a lura cewa mutane masu rai ne kawai ke da launin ruwan hoda, kuma bayan mutuwa, ƙanƙanin launin ruwan ƙasa ya sami launin ruwan kasa kamar yadda aka saba.

Hankalin yana da girma sosai, har ya kai kwata na yawan nauyin jikin mutum. Tare da wasu nau'ikan kifayen sharks, hanta na shark-brownie ya zama canjin da ya cancanci maganin mafitsara. Wani aikin amfani mai hanta sosai shine adana duk abincin da aka tanada.

Saboda wannan fasalin hanta, babban kifi suna da ikon yin abinci ba tare da dadewa ba. Akwai lokuta yayin da wakilan tsarin ilimin halittar scapanorinchs ko shark-brownies ba su ciyar da makonni da yawa ba. Koyaya, babban tara abinci mai gina jiki a cikin kyallen hanta na iya haifar da mummunar tasiri game da aikin da ake amfani da su.

Rayuwa, halayya

Yau, ana nazarin rayuwar shark-brownie sosai talauci. A zamanin Soviet, ana ba da kyautar goblin da sunan gidan - shark ko rhinoceros shark, tunda ma'anar sabon kalmar "goblin" ga mutanen Soviet ba a sani ba kuma ba ta fahimta ba. Da yake sun karanci fasalin jikin wannan kifin, masana kimiyya sun yanke cewa shi babban kifin shark ne wanda ke jagorantar rayuwa mai zurfi a teku. Tabbacin wannan hasashe shine kwarangwal din kasusuwan katako, da kuma tsari da tsarin jikin mutum wanda gaba daya an cire shi daga dutsen.

Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! A cikin nau'in burbushin halittu, ba a san wakilan halittar Skapanorinhs ko shark-domovs, amma suna da kamanni da fasalulluka na rayuwa iri ɗaya da wasu nau'ikan kifayen kifaye.

Thearfafawar ruwan tekun a hankali ya haifar da canje-canje da ake gani a cikin tsarin halittar ƙasa baki ɗaya, gami da wakilan nau'in halittar mallakar Lamiformiformes da dangin Skapanorinkh. Halayen halayyar shark-domovoy mai zurfi-teku sun canza sosai kuma kifayen a hankali suka fara motsawa a cikin yankin mara zurfin ruwa. Gabaɗaya an yarda cewa babban mai ruwa da tsakin ruwa mallakar ɓangaren mutane ne na yau da kullun waɗanda ba su da hurumin samar da garken dabbobi ko wasu gungu masu mahimmanci a yawan mutane, ba tare da la’akari da wurin zama ba.

Habitat, mazauni

Yankin Shark-brownie na farko cikin ruwan teku ya kama ne a shekarar 1897. An kama wani tsoho kusa da bakin tekun Japan.Maharbi na ruwa na son zurfin aƙalla mita 200-250, kuma ana iya samunsa a cikin ruwan teku mai ɗumi ko yanayi. Koyaya, halin da aka sani yanzu kuma bisa hukuma ankarar da mafi girman zurfin kama ba ya wuce mita 1300.

An kama wani yanki mai mahimmanci na gidan shark a kusa da gabar tekun Japan, a yankin tsakanin Yankin Bosoruen da babban yankin Tosa. Hakanan, ana samun wakilai da yawa na halittar dabbobin scapanorinchs ko dabbobin gidan shark a kusa da gabar tekun Australia, kusa da New Zealand da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu, a Faransa Guiana da Bay na Biscay, kusa da gabar tekun Portugal da Madeira, da kuma a cikin ruwan Tekun na Mexico.

Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! A takaice, har zuwa yau, kimiyya ta san samfuran 45 ne kawai na irin wannan mummunan teku a cikin teku kamar su scapanorinch, wadanda aka kama ko aka jefar da su.

A halin yanzu, bisa hujjojin da ba a tabbatar da yawa ba game da batun kame bakin kifayen gobble, da kuma wasu binciken da aka gano wadanda gawawwakin wannan bakin ruwa a bakin tekun, zai yuwu a iya fada da babban yuwuwar cewa yanayin dukkan ruwan teku, in banda, mai yiwuwa ne, ruwan arewacin Arewa. Tekun Arctic, wakilan halittar Scapanorinchs suna da girma don zama.

Abincin Shark-Brownie

Bakin teku mai shark-brownie yana farautar ganima ta hanyar shimfida ingantattun hanyoyin jajayen karfi, haka kuma da jan ruwa cikin bakin tare da wanda aka azabtar dashi. Wani yanayi na musamman da ya fito a hancin wannan bakin ruwa mai ruwa da tsaki shine yake sanadin kasancewar yawancin ɗakunan kwayoyin halittar dake taimaka wa yan fashin su iya gano ganima koda cikin duhu mai zurfi.

Daidai ƙayyade babban abincin da ke cikin shark-brownie a yau ba zai yiwu ba. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa abubuwan ciki na ajiyar samfuran da aka kama ba a kiyaye su. Mafi sau da yawa, ciki na shark ya ɓace a lokacin saukar matsi yayin ɗaga kifaye daga babban zurfi. Saboda haka, masana kimiyya sun sami damar fahimtar kawai tare da shinge mai kyau na tsarin narkewa.

Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Goarƙan goblin yana da yanayin ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, kuma ƙananan hangen nesa ba sa taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin neman ganima.

Bayan haka, gwargwadon bincike kan tsarin tsarin ilimin hakori na wakilan halittar scapanorinchs ko dabbobin gidan shark, masana kimiyya har yanzu sun sami nasarar kammala wasu abubuwan. Dangane da irin wannan zato, sharrin dake cikin ruwan teku zai iya ciyar da ire-iren halittun ruwa daban daban, daga zooplankton zuwa manyan kifaye masu kifi. Mafi muni, babban maharbin ruwa ba ya ƙin cin kowane nau'in invertebrates har ma da kaya, squid, octopus da katako. Tare da kaifin hakoran gabanta, maharmar tana wayon farauta, kuma da taimakon hakoranta na baya tana lullube shi.

Abokan halitta

Wataƙila, wakilan asalin halittar dabbobin scapanorinchs ko dabbobin gidan shark ba su da abokan gaba a cikin mahallin da za su iya yin illa sosai ga jimlar irin waɗannan mazan da ke cikin ruwa. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ba ma'ana ba ne a tattauna darajar kasuwanci game da sharkin goblin.

Hakanan zai kasance mai ban sha'awa:

Koyaya, wasu masu baƙon 'yan waje da na gida suna darajantar jajayen da baƙon teku, saboda haka ana siyar da su a farashin mai sa'a. Rashin ilimi da kuma rashin iya tantance adadin adadin sharudan goblin da suke wanzu a yau, ya baiwa masana kimiyya damar yanke hukunci game da hada su a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya wanda ba kasafai ake amfani da shi ba.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Ba a yi nazarin ilmin halitta da halayen halayen shark-domovoy ba a yanzu. Saboda wannan dalili ne yanzu ba a san yadda yawansu yake ba, da kuma matsayinsa da kuma barazanar rushewa.

Kodayake, Unionungiyar Kula da Yanayi ta hasasa ta gano wasu manyan andannuna waɗanda suke da babbar barazanar wacce za a iya fallasa yankunnun yanman shark. Mafi munanan halayen da zasu iya shafar yawan wakilan wakilan tsarin halittar scausorinch ko kuma shark-house shine manufa kamun kifi da gurbata yanayi, gami da kama mutane a matsayin daidaitaccen tsari.

Yankin

An hako shi a 1897 a bakin tekun Japan. Yana zaune a zurfin mita 200, wanda aka samo a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi mai cike da dumbin ruwa. Matsakaicin mafi girman kamewa shine mita 1300. An kama yawancin kifayen bakin tekun Japan a yankin tsakanin Tosa Bay da Boso Peninsula ru en. Wadannan sharks an samo su a bakin tekun Australia, New Zealand, Afirka ta Kudu, Guiana ta Faransa, a cikin Bay's Biscay, a bakin tekun Madeira da Portugal, har ma a yankin Gulf na Mexico.

Me masana kimiyya suka sani game da manyan kifayen teku?

Yankin shark mai zurfi wakili ne na tsohuwar iyali, wanda asalinsa kawai jinsin halitta ne kawai har ya zuwa yau. Sunan sa na kimiyya shi ne Mitsukurina owstoni, kuma godiya ga wannan, wani lokacin ana kiran shi wannan sharkin mitzecurin. Babu wani kashin tarihi na wannan nau'in da aka samo, amma ragowar nau'ikan jinsunan da aka samo a cikin yadudduka waɗanda shekarunsu suka yi daidai da shekaru miliyan 70 an san su.

An samo samfurin farko na jirgin ruwan shark mai zurfi-zurfi kusa da tekun Japan (1897): ya tsufa. Bayanin kimiyya na wannan nau'in ya kasance bayan shekara guda. Zuwa yau, masana kimiyya sun san mutane 45 ne kawai na Mitzecurin, wadanda aka samo su daga bakin tekun (matattun samfurori), wasu an kama su a cikin teku (samfuran rai).

Ilimin halitta

Ilimin ilimin dan adam na shark-brownie ya yi karanci sosai. Ba'a ma san yawan adadin wannan nau'in ba da kuma haɗarinta da haɗarin. Tana ciyar da abubuwa iri-iri masu zurfin teku: kifaye, kifin kifi, da kuma daskararrun abinci. Jaws suna ta hannu, suna iya motsawa. Wankin-kifi-brownie ya kama ganima, yana tura jawansa da jawo ruwa a bakin tare da wanda aka azabtar. Zubewar hanci a cikin hanci ya ƙunshi sel da yawa kuma suna taimaka wa kifayen su sami ganima a cikin duhu mai duhu. Hankalin yana da girma sosai - ya kai 25% na nauyin jikin mutum (kamar yadda yake da wasu nau'in kifayen kifayen, yana maye gurbin mafitsara). Da alama, da shark-brownie ne ovoviviparous. A cikin yanayin halitta, kifayen gidan ba su da abokan gaba.

A cikin burbushin halittu, ba a sani ba (duk da cewa ya yi kama da wasu kifayen kifayen tarihi).

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Hoto: Shark Goblin

Daga dangin relict na scapanorinch sharks, wannan nau'in ana daukar shi kaɗai ne ya rayu. An yi imanin - saboda goblin yana da wuya sosai ga masu bincike saboda mazaunin zurfinsa cikin ruwa da kuma shark, sabili da haka babu wanda ya san idan zurfin teku da kuma wani nau'in mallakar wannan dangin suna tafe a cikin kansu, ko ma da yawa.

An kama shark goblin na farko a cikin 1898. Saboda yanayin sabon abu na kifi, ba a yi bayanin kwatancinsa na kimiyya nan da nan ba, amma bayan cikakken bincike, wanda ya ɗauki kusan shekara guda, D.S. Jordan ta yi shi. Kifi na farko da aka kama har yanzu saurayi ne, tsawon mita kawai, a sakamakon haka, a farko, masana kimiyya suna da ra'ayin da bai dace ba game da girman nau'in halittar.

Yaduwa, salon rayuwa da kuma haihuwa

Mafi yawan adadin kifin goblin (tuna - har yanzu akwai irin wannan suna don wannan kifin na kifin tare da bayyanar wani bakon hali) an kama shi kusa da tsibirin Jafan. Amma mazauninsu yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana rufe ruwan ɗumi da yanayi mai ƙarfi na teku guda uku:

• a yamma da gabashin Pacific: a gefen gabar Japan, Australia da New Zealand, kusa da kudancin California (Arewacin Amurka),
• a yamma da gabashin Atlanta: Guyana, Suriname, Bay na Biscay, ruwan Kudu, Arewa da Yammacin Afirka,
• Yammacin tekun Indiya.

Kankana shark-brownie yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai zurfi (a ƙasa alamar mita 200). Zurfin 1300 m yanzu shine matsakaici, inda aka samo asalin kasancewar wannan nau'in. A wannan zurfin Tekun Indiya ne kebul na tarho a ƙasa, inda hutu ya faru. Bayan haɓaka na USB zuwa farfajiya, an sami haƙoran haƙora na ruwan shark-brownie a ciki. Sanadin wannan lalacewar kebul an gano shi, wanda wataƙila ba zato ba tsammani ya yanke shawarar cizon wannan na USB. Ba kasafai yake faruwa ba, an ga wannan kifin teku-cikin ruwa mai zurfi kusa da gabar tekun.

Ba a san kaɗan game da rayuwar goblin shark ba. Masana kimiyya sun ba da shawara, kuma an yarda da shi gabaɗaya, cewa suna jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa ɗaya. Manyan gungu ko makarantun waɗannan kifin na kifin ba za su taɓa kasancewa ba.

Bidiyo: Goblin Shark

An sanya ta a matsayin Mitsukurina owstoni don girmama Alan Auston da Farfesa Kakechi Mitsukuri - na farko ya kama ta, na biyu kuma yana cikin karatun ta. Masu binciken nan da nan suka gano kamannin Mesozoic Shark scapanorinch, kuma dan wani lokaci sun yi imanin cewa wannan ne.

Sannan an samar da bambance-bambance, amma a matsayin daya daga cikin sunayen da ba a san shi ba, “skapanorinh” an daidaita shi. Abubuwan suna da alaƙa da gaske, kuma tunda ainihi sipan ɗin ba su rayu ba, to yana yiwuwa ne a kira shi mafi kusancin ɗangi.

Babban goblin shark na mallakar jinsin yan tawaye ne: ya wanzu kusan shekaru miliyan 50, yana da fasallu iri-iri na sabuntawa kuma saboda haka yana da matukar sha'awar yin karatu. Tsoffin wakilan dangin Skapanorinch sun zauna a cikin teku shekaru miliyan 125 da suka gabata.

Ina goblin shark yake zaune?

Hoto: goblin shark cikin ruwa

Amintaccen mazaunin ba a san shi ba, zamu iya ɗaukar matsayin ƙarshe game da waɗancan wuraren da aka kama skapanorinhs.

Goblin Shark Habitats:

• Tekun China
• Yankin Pasifin gabashin gabashin Japan,
• Tekun Tasman
• Babban Gasar Ostiraliya,
• ruwa a kudanci South Africa,
• Gulf na Guinea
• Caribian
• Bay daga Biscay,
• Tekun Atlanta a bakin tekun Fotugal.

Duk tsawon lokacin da kasa da mutane hamsin aka kama, kuma bisa irin wannan samfurin bashi yiwuwa a kawo tsai da shawara game da iyakokin kewayon.

Japan ita ce jagora a yawan adadin kifayen goblin da aka kama - a cikin tekuna suna wanke shi an sami yawancin su. Wannan, kodayake, mai yiwuwa ne saboda ainihin cewa Jafananci sun tabbatar da ingantaccen kamun kifayen teku, kuma wannan baya nuna cewa cikin waɗannan ruwa ne yawancin panpanorins ke zaune.

Haka kuma: tekuna da bakin ruwa ne aka jera su, yayin da a cikin teku ake yawan adadin manyan kifayen goblin da ke rayuwa, amma ana kama kifayen teku a cikinsu da kananan kima. Gabaɗaya, ruwan dukkan tekuna sun dace da mazauninsu - Tekun Arctic kawai zai iya zama banda, duk da haka, kuma masu bincike ba su da ƙarfin gwiwa game da wannan.

An kuma kama mutum na farko a kusa da gabar Tekun Jafan, a cikin wannan ƙasar an bai wa jinsunan suna goblin shark - kodayake a cikin harshen Rasha ba a daɗe ba a yi amfani da shi ba. Sun gwammace su kira ta brownies - wannan halittar jama'a sanannu ne sosai ga mutanen Soviet.

Sakamakon zafi na teku, wanda ke tafiya na dogon lokaci, scapanorinhs sannu a hankali ya canza mazauninsu, yana motsawa sama. Amma zurfin har yanzu suna da mahimmanci: wannan kifin sharkin ya fi son a kalla aƙalla nisan mita 200-250 sama da kansa. Wani lokaci yakan iyo da zurfin ciki - har zuwa mita 1500.

Menene ɗan goblin Shark yake ci?

Hoto: Jin girman goblin shark

Dogaro da abincin ba a fayyace shi ba, saboda kifin bai riƙe abin da ke ciki ba: an wofintar da shi saboda matsanancin tashin lokacin tashin. Don haka, ya rage ne kawai don samar da hasashe game da abin da kwayoyin suke ciyarwa.

Abubuwan da aka yanke sun dogara ne, a tsakanin wasu dalilai, akan tsarin jaws da kayan aikin haƙar wannan kifin - kamar yadda masu binciken suka bada shawara, scapanorinhs na iya ciyar da halittun teku masu girma dabam-dabam, daga plankton zuwa manyan kifi. Hakanan an hada da Cephalopods a cikin abincin.

Mai yiwuwa, goblin shark ya ci:

• kifi
• plankton
• squid
• dorinar ruwa
• kifin naman alade
• kananan invertebrates,
• crustaceans
• murƙushewa
• jirgin.

Tana amfani da hakoran gabanta don kamawa da kama abin da take ci, kuma tana yi mata cinya da baya. Jaws suna haɓaka da kyau, lokacin farauta yana tura su zuwa gaba, yana kama hannun kuma yana riƙe wanda aka cutar, kuma a lokaci guda shima yana jan ruwa a bakin.

Da kyar ta iya kama ganima tana iya motsawa da sauri, saboda haka yawanci mazaunan tekun suna iyakancerta ne - kawai tana kama su da tsotse su idan sun kasance ƙarami, sai ta riƙe su da haƙoran da yawa.

Idan ta wannan hanyar ba zai yuwu ku isa ba, dole ne ku nemi safarar ruwa - an daidaita tsarin narkewar abinci na goblin don aiwatarwa. Bugu da kari, ajiyar abubuwa a cikin hanta na ba ta damar rayuwa tsawon lokaci ba tare da abinci kwata-kwata, idan binciken bai yi nasara ba.

Neman ganima da abinci

A cikin zurfin zurfafa, inda goblin shark ke zaune, duhu ne sosai, don haka hangen nesa ba mataimaki bane na gano ganima. Abubuwan da ke zaune a cikin manyan lambobi a kan dogon hancin hanci, ƙwayoyin wutan lantarki suna ba da damar kama filayen lantarki na kifayen da ke wucewa, kuma suna taimakawa wajen tantance matsayin su kuma ta wannan hanyar abu ne mai sauƙin samu.

Shark-brownie ta ci mazaunan bakin teku. Masana kimiyya zasu iya ɗauka cewa abincin shine wakilcin kifi, squid, shellfish da kagu. Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance ainihin abin da waɗannan kifayen ke kamawa cikin duhu mai duhu. Dukkanin wadannan sharuddan sharhin da suka fada hannun masana kimiyya don yin nazari ba komai bane. Wataƙila, yayin ɗaukar kifi daga zurfi, saukad da matsin lamba ya ba da gudummawar narkewar ciki.

Zai yi wuya a faɗi ko goblin shark na da maƙiya a cikin yanayin halittarsa. Masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa babu wasu dabbobi da za su iya yin tasiri sosai ga ɗumbin wannan kifin sharkin.

Tsarin sikandar shark na teku

Wani bakon tsarin shugaban wannan "goblin teku" shine dalilin sunan shi. A kashin da ke saman bakin mai tsawo ne wanda aka nuna shi gaba. Daga sama, wannan fashewar tayi kama da kaifin baki, kuma kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, dukkan tsayinta yana zaune tare da ƙwayoyin wutan lantarki wanda ke taimakawa cikin neman ganima. Tabarwar da bakin za ta zama kamar beak wanda yake zaune da haƙoran kaifi.

Shark-house zai iya isa masu girma (har zuwa mita 4), amma yawanci tsawonsu yana cikin kewayon santimita 240-350. Jikin yana da kamannin fuskoki.

Dabbobin suna bambanta su ta hanyar fasikanci na sharri:

• duka ƙeƙasassu sun kasance kewaye da shi,
• ƙarancin dorsal - ƙarami, da ingantaccen haɓaka ciki da tsararre - mafi girma,
• babban abin farin santa shine na musamman saboda yana da babban lobe na gaba, kuma ƙananan baya ba kwata-kwata, saboda haka a sifar yana kama da wutsiyar dabbar labanin fox,

Scapanorinch sharks (brownies) suna da babban hanta. Gwargwadonsa ya kai kusan kwata na rabin nauyin kifin.

Jikin da ba a sani ba da launi na ido

Launin da ke bambanta babban abin rufe bakin teku da sauran "matattun aji" shima baƙon abu bane. Mutane masu rai suna da ruwan hoda mai launi saboda fatar translucent wacce ta ke haifar da tasoshin jini. Samfuran mutu sun zama launin ruwan kasa. Fushin “goshin ruwan” yana da ƙamus mai daɗi.

Idanun waɗannan sharuddan kifayen ƙanana ne kuma ba su da karni na uku. Ana nuna su da ikon yin haske tare da hasken kore, wanda yakamata ya zama abin kallo a cikin duhun ruwa.Tare da launin furen idanu mai launin kore, sun dan yi kama da wani kifin na katonginous (Chimera), wanda kuma za'a iya samun sa a zurfin zurfin gaske.

Sea goblin da mutum

Shark-brownie ba ya shafi nau'in kasuwancin kifayen kifi. Amma keɓaɓɓe na jaws ɗin nata fa'idodi ne ga masu tattara a faɗin duniya waɗanda suke shirye su biya musu kuɗi masu yawa.

Akwai bayanai cewa mutum ɗaya, ana kama shi da rai, an ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye a Japan (a Jami'ar Tokyo). A cikin bauta, ta sami damar rayuwa kwana bakwai kawai.

Sakamakon karancin ilimi da kuma rashin iya yin lissafin ainihin adadin wannan nau'in, an jera gidan shark a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya a matsayin wani nau'in halitta mai saukin fahimta wacce ba ta fahimta. Babu wani bayani game da haihuwar wadannan kifin na mashin, sai dai wani lamari mai ban mamaki: duk mutanen da masanan kimiyya suka sani (aka kama su ko aka same su a bakin gaci) maza ne.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: Shark Goblin

Ba a karancin karatu saboda hanyar rayuwa: tana zaune a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kuma yana da wuya a bincika wannan yankin. Sabili da haka, masana kimiyya sun zana babban yankewa daga 'yan samfuran samfuran da aka kama. Bayan nazarin su, an yanke cewa duk da irin bayyanar sa da ban mamaki, wannan ainihin shark ne, ba rami ba ne - a baya akwai irin wannan zato.

Masana ilimin kimiyya kuma sun gamsu da yanayin sake fasalin wannan nau'in - dukda cewa ba a samo ƙasƙancin goblin sharks ba, amma suna da hanyar rayuwa, sosai wanda yasa wasu nau'ikan kifayen kifayen suka jagoranta. Hakanan an tabbatar da wannan ta tsarin su, a fannoni da yawa masu kama da halittun da ke daɗewa.

Kodayake ba a san wannan amintacce ba, ana ɗaukar su baƙi ne - aƙalla babu alamun cewa sun kafa gungu kuma suna kama su a lokaci guda. Ba zai yiwu a yi nazarin sharhol ɗin goblin ba ko da a ƙarƙashin yanayin wucin gadi - kaɗai ke tsira bayan an kama shi bayan mako guda bayan hakan, ya hana shi tattara bayanai masu yawa.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A zahiri, ba a ba da sunan da ba'a san asalinsa ba don girmama goblins, amma abubuwan halittar daga tatsuniyoyin Japan. Babban fasalin su shine babban hanci mai tsayi, wanda shine dalilin da yasa masunta 'yan Jafananci nan da nan sukazo da misalin. Tun da ba a sami tangarda a tarihin arna ba, ana sake su da goblins, kuma a cikin USSR daidai - a launin ruwan kasa.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Photo: Shark goblin, ita ce mai ruwan kwando sharri

Ana ɗaukar su ga magogi ɗaya ne ta hanyar misalin tare da nau'in nau'ikan. Kifayen suna haɗuwa gabaɗaya yayin lokacin dabbar canjin dalla-dalla, cikakkun bayanai da tsawon lokacinsu waɗanda ba a yi nazarinsu ba tukuna. Ya kan zo sau ɗaya a cikin 'yan shekaru. Ragowar lokacin da suke kashewa don farautar sauran mazaunan zurfafan, yana da wataƙila sauran wakilan nau'ikan su ma.

Masana kimiyya zasu iya yin hasashe game da kiwo kawai, tunda ba a taɓa samun mace mai juna biyu ba - duk da haka, ana iya yin hakan da babban matakin yaƙaddara dangane da binciken wasu ƙasashen kifayen, ciki har da waɗanda ke cikin teku. Wataƙila scapanorinchias sune ovoviviparous, tayi ne tayi kai tsaye a jikin mahaifiyar.

Sun bayyana a shirye suke don rayuwa mai zaman kanta - kuma nan da nan zata fara. Mama ba ta damu da soya ba, ba ta koyarwa kuma ba ta ciyar da su, amma ya bar nan da nan, don haka dole ne su farauta su ɓoye wa masu hasashen kansu - yana da kyau cewa babu da yawa daga cikinsu kamar yadda suke kusa da farfajiya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Dogaro mai zurfin zubewa yai gaba, yana ba rabin "fara'a" na sharkin goblin, yana aiki azaman mai son gari. Ya ƙunshi kumfa Lorenzini, wanda ke kama da alamun siginar lantarki masu rauni sosai, kuma yana ba da damar gano ganima a cikin duhu - gami da marasa motsi.