Fasali: Kwari (Kwayoyin)
Umarni / oda: Phasmatodea (Ghostbusters, ko sandunansu)
Suborder / oda: Verophasmatodea
Lantarki: Areolatae
Superfamily: Karshe
Iyali: Karin Bayani
Subfamily: Fannin
Kabilar: Fannin
Jinsi: Phyllium
Duba: Phyllium bioculatum (ganye Javanese)
Tana zaune a cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan tsaunukan gabashin India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malesiya, Seychelles da Mauritius. Tsarin daji na Woody, suna rayuwa cikin gandun daji.
Girma mace 7, maza 5 cm.
Dimorphism na jima'i furta - duka jinsi na reshe, amma maza suna da sirara, mafi kyan gani kuma fikafikan su sun fi tsayi, ban da haka, suna sanye da dogon eriya kuma suna iya tashi.
Canza launi - kore, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa.
Ganyayyaki ganye a bayyane misali ne na phytomimicry - suna kwafin ganye daidai da yadda jikinsu yake.
A dabi'a, suna ciyar da ganyen guava ..
A cikin zaman talala, suna ciyar da hibiscus, nau'ikan wardi (ciki har da Sinanci), blackberries, raspberries, hawthorn, itacen oak.
Ba za ku iya ciyar da ganyen ganye tare da ganyayyaki bushe!
An rarraba nau'ikan partenogenetic musamman a cikin al'adun, watau mata suna sanya ƙwai waɗanda ba a haɗa su ba, wanda kawai mata suke kyan gani bayan watanni 4-6. Sandunan da aka haife su suna da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, amma tuni suna da fadi, jiki mai faɗi - suna jujjuya kansu kamar ganye. Yayinda suke girma, suna “zama kore”, kodayake ƙarshen ciki har yanzu ya kasance launin ruwan kasa, kama da ganye wanda aka tsufa.
Terrarium don gungun tsoffin ganye, zai kasance babba, daga lita 30 zuwa 70, ya danganta da girman rukuni .. Terrarium yakamata ya kasance a tsaye. A kasan kana buƙatar sanya lokacin farin ciki (5 - 7 cm) na peat ko humus, wannan yana da mahimmanci don kula da danshi. A cikin ƙasa yana da kyawawa don sanya rassan, vines, da tsire-tsire masu wucin gadi. Za'a iya kiyaye ƙananan yara a cikin kwantena na filastik filastik. Ana buƙatar ramuka na iska.
Zazzabi: 24 - 26 digiri.
Hum Hum: 75 - 80%.
Haske na halitta - 8 zuwa 10 a rana, zai fi dacewa da rana.
Tsawon rayuwa daga lokacin kyankyasar - shekara guda.
Zai iya zama da wahala a samar da abincin ganye a cikin hunturu.
Bayanin
Babban launi na waɗannan kwari shine kore mai haske, amma akwai kuma siffofin da launuka masu launin shuɗi da ruwan lemo. A yawancin jinsuna, launi yakan kasance tare da baki ko launin ruwan kasa a gefuna na jiki, wanda ke ba da ƙarin kwatankwacin ganyen. An bayyana dimbin nau'in jima'i, mace tayi girma fiye da maza kuma wasu lokuta sun bambanta da su ta yanayin jikin mutum. Tsawon tsayi ya kai cm 12.5 Jikin mace mai faɗi da faɗi ne, kuma a cikin maza yana da fadi sosai, tare da fikafikai mafi tsayi suna rufe jikin duka. Saboda nauyinsu, da yawa daga maza da yawa sun iya tashi, amma nesa nesa ba kusa ba.
A yanayi, galibin lokacin da suke ciyar da ganyayyaki na bishiyoyi da shukoki, wanda suke kwaikwayon su da launi da launi jikinsu, da kuma wanda suke ciyar dashi.
Mace na iya haifan parthenogenetically, i.e. ba tare da namiji ba. Misali, Giganteum na Phyllium Ana wakilta shi galibi ta mata parthenogenetic, maza kuma suna da matuƙar wuya. Mace na sa matsakaicen ƙwai na 2-3 a rana, waɗanda a launi da sifa suke kama da irin shuka. Lokacin da qwai suka sami wuri mai rigar, launinsu zai zama duhu.
05.08.2018
Leafan girma mai siffa-mai siffa (Phyllium giganteum) - babban kwari daga umarnin Palochnikov, ko Privedenyev (Phasmatodea). Ya kasance daga dangin Listotelian (Phylliidae). Wannan halitta mai ban mamaki tana kama da ganyen itace.
An fara bayyana ire-iren halittar ne a shekarar 1984 daga masanin ilimin Austrian Burghard Hausleitner. A cikin wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi, ana kiransa Giant ɗin ƙafar Maɗaukaki na Maraba.
Ta hanyar bayyanarsa da ba ta saba ba, kwaro ya yi kama da ganye mai ganye na Philippines (Phyllium philippinicum), amma ya kusan sau ɗaya da rabi girmansa, girma zuwa 10-12 cm tsayi. Duka sandunan sun shahara sosai tsakanin masu son dabbobi.
Yaɗa
Babban nau'in ganye mai ganye yana rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta a cikin Malesiya. Ana samunsa ne kawai a tsaunin Cameron, wanda yake a arewa maso yammacin ƙasar a tsaunuka daga 800 zuwa 1600 m sama da matakin teku. Yankin da yankin ya mamaye bai wuce murabba'in kilomita 500 ba. km
Yankin yana da yanayi mai ɗan sanyi don tropics. A cikin rana, da yawan zafin jiki ba sa ƙaruwa sama da 24 ° C, kuma da dare yana iya sauka zuwa 14-15 ° C. Ruwan ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya kai mm 2740. A cikin shekarar, ruwan sama na tsawon kwanaki 190.
Mugu ya zauna a cikin ciyayi da bishiyoyi a kan tsire-tsire masu ganye. Abu ne mai sauqi ka kuskure don ganyen bishiyar da ke juyawa cikin iska.
Halayyar
A cikin lokacin hasken rana, sanda ba ya yin motsi a cikin wuri. Lura da shi a cikin ganye ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Yin wannan kwatancen kwatankwacin motsi cikin rana shima yana da wahala. Zai zama mai aiki kawai tare da kusancin faɗuwar rana.
Abincin ya dogara da ganyen banana (Musaceae), mango (Mangifera) da guava (Psidium). Zuwa mafi ƙarancin ƙasa, ana cinye ganye daga tsirrai daga dangin Rosaceae. An zaɓi fifiko ga tsoffin ganye.
Nymphs kafin molt na farko, sabanin tsoffin takwarorinsu, ƙwararru a cikin ganyen matasa, suna cin abinci a gefuna sassan mafi tsananin taushinsu.
Da yake an kama shi, manya sukan yi amo mai ƙarfi tare da taimakon kayan aiki na dundumi. Ya yi kama da fashewar kudan zuma kuma yana tsoratar da mahara da yawa. Tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe a kan sandunansu. Larvae sau da yawa fada ganima ga gizo-gizo.
Kiwo
Ana aiwatar da aikin haihuwar ne ba tare da halartar maza ba. Wannan hanyar haihuwa ana kiranta parthenogenesis.
Mata ne kawai ake haifarwa, wani lokacin ana kiransu mahaifar mata masu juna biyu.
Parthenogenesis yana taimaka wajan iyakantaccen girman yawan jama'a, yana rage haɓakar haɗarin canje-canje tsakanin kwayoyin halitta. Idan namiji wanda ya sami kansa da gangan ya sami nasarar haɗuwa da mace, to, daga zuriyarsa akwai maza.
Wasu maza basa iya haihuwa. Yawancinsu suna rayuwa 'yan kwanaki ne kawai, kaɗan ne suke tsira zuwa mako guda.
Bayan molt na ƙarshe, macen tayi sama da ƙwarya 5 na ƙwai na 8x4 mm a girma kuma tana yin kimanin 34 MG kowane sati 3-4. An fentin su da launin ruwan kasa, launin toka ko launin shuɗi.
Jan-brown launin ruwan kasa kusan 20 mm ƙyanƙyashe watanni 8-12 bayan kwanciya qwai. Bayan molt na farko, sun samo furen kore, wanda a hankali yake ƙaruwa a matakan ci gaba mai zuwa. Yana ɗaukar kimanin kimanin shekara guda.
Don jin daɗin rayuwar wannan nau'in, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar microclimate da ya dace a cikin ƙwayar dabbobi. Yana da kyau a kula da yawan zafin jiki koyaushe a cikin kewayon daga 22 ° C zuwa 26 ° C, da kuma zafi kusan 80%. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a tabbatar da kwararar sabon iska mai kyau.
Don inganta samun iska, zaku iya amfani da akwatin kifin tare da katako mai katako wanda aka manne da shi kuma an rufe shi da ruwa, ko sanya mai ƙarancin wuta a kusa don couplean awanni biyu. Iska mai ƙarfi da maraice tana motsa kwari su tafi ciyar.
Ga manya, kwaro 40x40x50 cm ya isa.
Ana sanya rassan a ciki, wanda dabbobi zasu huta yayin rana. Ana amfani da peat ko gansakuka kamar ƙasa. Zasu taimaka wajen kula da matakin danshi na daidai.
Don hana mildew, ana ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata a haɗo ƙugiya (Collembola). Wadannan halittun zasu dauki nauyin umarnin ne ta hanyar amfani da tarkacen tsirrai, ƙyashi, da feza.
Ganyen itacen oak (Quercus), rasberi (Rubus idaeus), tashin kwatangwalo (Rosa) da blackberries black (Rubus fruticosus) suna ciyar da dabbobi.
Bayanin
Tsawon shi ne cm 80-120. Babban launi na banbanci ya bambanta daga launin kore zuwa launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai ɗan haske.
Tsarin jikin yana kama da ganyen itacen oak. A gefuna sune aibobi masu launin shuɗi. Mace sun yi girma zuwa 10 cm 10, kuma maza ba su wuce cm 8 ba .. Mazajen maza suna da fuka-fuki kuma suna iya tashi. Sun fi duhu fiye da mace kuma suna da eriya masu tsawo.
Mace na manya-manyan siffa-dimbin yawa-girma fiye da maza kuma mafi kamar ganye. Tsammar rayuwarsu na iya kaiwa watanni 10.
Bayyanar ganye na Javanese
Tsawon jikin yarinyar mace na Javanese shine santimita 7, kuma maza basu wuce santimita 5 ba.
Awararren fasali na ganyen ganye na Javanese, idan aka kwatanta da sauran wakilan halittar ɗan adam, sune ƙananan ƙananan 2 a ciki na launin launin ruwan kasa tare da tsoffin ja. Saboda yawan elytra, waɗannan kwari suna kama da ganye.
Ganyen Javanese (Phyllium bioculatum).
Kamewa da ganye na Javanese kawai abin ban mamaki ne, da wuya ku lura dashi a cikin greenery, an bayyana wannan camouf da gaskiyar cewa waɗannan kwari ba su da wata kariya a gaban masu farauta: basa aiki, marasa ƙarfi kuma marasa guba.
Matan da suka manyanta suna da fikafikai, amma ba sa amfani da fikafikai. A cikin maza, ciki ba shi da fadi, suna da fikafika fikafikai waɗanda ke rufe ciki. Antennae na maza ma suna da yawa fiye da na mace.
Ana kiyaye waɗannan kwari a cikin kwari na gargajiya na nau'in tsaye, wanda dole ne a samar da iska mai kyau.
Takaddun ganye suna ciyar da rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya a cikin ganyayyaki na bishiyoyi da bushes, waɗanda suke kwaikwayonsu da siffar su da launi jikinsu, da kuma wanda suke ciyar da su.
Ana kiyaye ganyen ganye na Javanese a zazzabi na 24-25, kuma don rayuwa mai gamsarwa suna buƙatar haske don sa'o'i 8-10, zai fi dacewa da hasken halitta.
Ganyayyaki ciyar
Ana ciyar da ganyen ganye na Javanese tare da rasberi, itacen oak da blackberry, kuma ana iya basu ganyen strawberry, guayaves, privet.
Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa jinsin ganyen matasa sun fi son sassan tsirrai, amma bai kamata a basu ganye da suka fito daga fari ba, tunda suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu guba ga kwari.
Ba za ku iya ciyar da bushewar ganyen ganye ba, saboda haka kuna buƙatar magance matsalar abincin hunturu: kuna buƙatar dasa bushes na bishiyoyin daji da tsiro itacen oak daga itacen ɓaure. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa tare da canjin abinci mai ƙarfi, kwaro na iya mutuwa, saboda haka ana koyar da ire-iren ganye ga sabon abinci a hankali.
Kiwo jinsunan ganye na Javanese
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, nau'in parthenogenetic ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙwayoyin dabbobi, wanda ke nufin cewa mace ta sa ƙwayayen da ba a haɗa su ba, kuma mace na sake yin haila bayan watanni 4-6.
Da farko, launin ganye mai ganye yana launin ruwan kasa, yayin da ya girma yana zama ƙara kore.
Newa havean jarirai suna da launin ja-ruwan hoda. Jikinsu suna da fadi kuma faffad, saboda haka sukan rikitar da kansu kamar kananan ganye.
Larvae ya bambanta da manya, sun fi tuna tururuwa da yawa. Tare da shekaru, launi yana ɗaukar sautunan launin kore, kuma ƙarshen ciki har yanzu launin ruwan kasa ne, wanda ya sa kamannin ganye ya yi kama da busasshen ganye. Daga lokacin kyanwar, wadannan kwari suna rayuwa kusan shekara guda.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.