Duk yankin Belarus a kan jiragen sama

Iyalin Snipe - Scolopacidae.

Tsarin halittar Monotypic, baya samar da tallafi.

Ba safai ake kiwo ba (a arewacin rabin jamhuriya), wanda ya zama ruwan dare game da hijirar da ba safai ake samun nau'in hunturu ba. An haɗa shi a cikin Littafin Redaya na Jamhuriyar Belarus.

A lokacin ƙaura yana faruwa a ko'ina cikin yankin.

Bayanai game da ilimin halittar dan adam na ado a Belarus suna da rarrabuwar kawuna, an tabbatar da nesting ta hanyar haɗuwa da ɗan tsintsiya a cikin yankin Vitebsk a ranar 06/20/1924 da kuma gano ƙirar biyu a cikin gundumar Miior na yankin Vitebsk. Ofayansu a ranar 27 ga Yuni, 1980, yana ɗauke da ƙwai 4 masu nauyi, wanda daga karen suka fara kyankyasar washegari, an sami na biyu a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 1982, bayan da kajin suka bar shi. Bugu da kari, E. A. Mongin a bugu na biyu na littafin nan na Red Book ya ambaci rijistar a 1980-82. kajin a cikin yankin slutsk na Minsk Koyaya, a cikin fitowar ta 4 (P.V. Pinchuk) babu wata alama ta waɗannan rajista. Hakanan ana sane da yawan lura da maza na yanzu a yankuna daban-daban na jamhuriya, amma waɗannan bayanan na iya amfani da su ga daidaikun mutane.

Girman wani lark. A waje mai kama da siket, ya bambanta a cikin ƙarami masu girma da launi mai duhu na rushewa. Namiji da mace suna da launi iri ɗaya. Tsarin zazzagewa iri ɗaya yayi kama da na maharbi. Saman kai yana da baki tare da ƙananan daskararre-launin ruwan kasa. A gefunan kambi akwai faffara launuka biyu masu launin shuɗi. Amarya launin ruwan kasa-baki ce. A saman ido akwai fararen fararen kaya wanda bakar fata a saman. A baya kusan baki ne, gashin fuka-fukai tare da ƙaramin ƙarfe da kayan adon kore a tsakiyar da kuma gefuna masu launin ja. Tare da bangon daga bangarorin akwai raunin ocher-ja biyu mai tsayi wanda haske ya kafa a jikin kabarin dagule. Baya da wutsiyoyi suna baƙar fata tare da shunayya mai ruwan hoda ko shuɗi. Tarshen jiki fari ne, goiter, wani ɓangare na kirji da taruka masu launin shuɗi da launin ruwan kasa. Gashinsa, baƙi ne. Steering duhu launin toka, na tsakiya biyu ne baki tare da m gefuna. Kafafu suna da launin shuɗi-mai haske a cikin bazara, launin ruwan hoda a kaka. Gefen baki ne. Yawan nauyin namiji shine 51-91.5 g, mace ita ce 49-70 g .. Tsawon jikin (duka jinsi) shine 19-23 cm, fikafikai 35-41 cm.

A cikin bazara ya sauka a watan Afrilu-Mayu. Zuwan masu ado a wuraren da suke rayuwa suna faruwa ne daga baya fiye da sauran gizanin gizon ɗin kuma sun zo daidai da samar da yanayin zazzabi na yau da kullun, kwantar da ambaliyar ruwan tafki da daskarar da kankara daga dusar kankara da kankara. A cikin Belarusian Lakeland, ana lura da wannan a ƙarshen Afrilu. Maza sun bayyana a baya fiye da mace. Bayan isowa, jinjirin ado yana farawa: namiji, wanda yake tashi sama da ƙasa, yana fito da haɓakar halayyar mai kama da alamar doki "makullin-makullin-makullin-na yanzu-na yanzu. ".

Abubuwan lura da wasannin na yau da kullun sun gudana ne a filin Yelnya na tudu da kangege kusa da ƙauyen Novoselki (gundumar Vitebsk), 500 m daga Western Dvina. An lura da halin halayen ciki da wasanni na yanzu tare da duk zanga-zangar da alamu na sauti a cikin dukkan lamura. Gwajin nau'in sharar gida yana faruwa kowace rana tun daga lokacin da ya isa kuma ya kasance har zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni, bayan wannan tsananin tsananin wasan zai ragu sosai. Matsayin jirgin sama na mawajan maza ya bambanta da yanayin kuma, bisa ga kimar gani, yakai 200-300. Yawan jirgin sama na yanzu a watan Mayu ya kai kilomita 1.5-3.0, a watan Yuni - 0.8-1.0 kilomita. Mafi sau da yawa, narnuka masu ado suna halarta a yamma: da safe daga 02:00 zuwa 06:00 da maraice daga 19:00 zuwa 22:30. Lokacin yanzu shine kwana 50.

Yawancin mazauna cikin yanayin farauta sune gurɓatacciyar ƙasa, musamman tare da wuraren buɗewar ƙasa da rafukan laka, ambaliyar kogin, wani lokacin mawuyacin hali, haɓaka tatsuniyoyi da kwari a cikin makiyaya. A cikin yankuna na arewacin Belarus, cowslip ya fi yawa a cikin wuraren ciyawa a cikin ciyayi mai zurfi tare da ramuka da ƙananan tafkuna.

Yanki a cikin nau'i-nau'i guda a ƙasa. Gida yana kan wuraren marshy na manya da ƙananan beraye a cikin ciyawar ciyawa a cikin gansakuka, cikin ciyawa mai kauri ko kuma akan hura ciki. Yawancin ciyawa ne ke ɓoye shi a ciki kuma rami ne mai ƙarancin ciyawa a cikin ƙasa ko gansakuka, an yi layi tare da busassun ciyawa na ciyawar auduga da sauran tsirrai masu tsalle. Gidaje biyu na ado da aka samu a Lakeland, waɗanda ke cikin sassan ambaliyar ruwa na Yelnya bog, kusa da kogin. Yelnyanki, an shirya su a kan ƙananan kututtukan da aka rufe da ƙwayoyin wuta (flack flax) da ciyawar auduga (gida na farko) da sedge (gida na biyu). Sun kasance ƙananan ramuka waɗanda aka yi layi tare da bushe mai tushe na ciyawar auduga da sauran tsire-tsire.

Diamita na gida shine 12-16 cm, zurfin tray shine 5-5.5 cm, diamita shine 9-10.5 cm.

A cikin cikakken kama 4 ko, a matsayin banda, 3 ƙirar pear. Launin su yayi kama da launi irin na ƙwai, amma girman yana ƙanƙanta. Babban tushen harsashi ya bambanta daga launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa-zaitun zuwa launin toka-launin toka, launin ruwan-kore da ruwan zaitun. Abubuwan da suke fitowa daga sararin samaniya daban-daban, launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Mitsin bakin ciki yawanci duhu launin toka ko launin toka-mai-haske. Tsuntsu mai nauyi 14,6 g, tsawon 36-39 mm, diamita 26-29 mm. Gida da aka samo a gundumar Miorsky a ranar 06/27/1980 tana dauke da ƙwai 4 masu ƙyanƙyashe, wanda akan washegari, 28 ga watan Yuni, fasa suka bayyana (farkon farawar). Girman kwai da nauyi: 38.5x28.6 mm (13.87 g), 38.6x28.1 mm (12.60 g), 38.7x28.6 mm (13.62 g), 39.1x28.7 mm (14.02 g). Tsuntsu wanda ya tsintsinke ya zauna sosai kuma ya tashi daga gida a zahiri daga ƙarƙashin ƙafar mutum.

Yin hukunci da 'yan binciken da aka samu, a cikin Belarus, tsuntsu ya fara yin qwai daga tsakiyar watan Mayu, a wasu yanayi har ma a watan Yuni.

Akwai brood ɗaya a cikin shekara guda. Tare da mutuwar masonry, ya sake faruwa. Matar incubates, sosai tam, na kwanaki 24. Kayan kaji a ranar farko ta rayuwa barin gida. A Poozerye, kajin suna bayyana a rabin na biyu na Yuni, kuma a ƙarshen Yuli matasa garages, sun riga sun tashi, sun ɓace daga rafin moss kuma suna bayyana a bakin bankunan koguna.

Nesting a arewacin Belarus ba mai lalacewa ba ne; yawan yawa ya ragu cikin shekaru. Ko yaya, ra'ayoyi kan girman yawan kiwo ya bambanta. A cewar wasu marubuta, girman wannan adadin shine 0-20 nau'i-nau'i. Dangane da sauran ƙididdigar, ado a cikin Lakeland a kai a kai yana gida, kodayake yawan sa a nan ya ragu sosai. Don haka, a cikin tudu na sama Obol-2 (Shumilinsky gundumar) yana da nau'i-nau'i 2.0 a cikin 10 km² na fadama, kuma a cikin Yelnya na sama (Miorsky da Sharkovschinsky) - 1.0 nau'i / km /. Yawan adadin ado a cikin Belarussian Lakeland sun haɗu zuwa nau'i-nau'i 150, wanda yake mai fahimta ne saboda kusancin iyakar kudancin ɓangaren farauta na kewayon, amma har yanzu yana da tsada fiye da ƙididdigar da ta gabata. An lura da kwanciyar hankali na adadin ado a cikin yankin Belarusian Lakeland na shekaru 20 da suka gabata, kuma an yi imanin cewa wannan lambar tana kusa da mafi kyau ga jama'ar yankin. Smallarancin canji mai yawa ne kawai aka yi rikodin shekaru: a cikin shekaru tare da sanyi, bazara mai haɓaka, yawan adadin maza masu gudana yana ƙaruwa kaɗan, kuma a cikin shekaru tare da bazara mai ɗumi, da wuri da kuma ƙawance mai sauƙi.

A cikin kaka, ana ɗaukar tsuntsaye masu ƙaura daga rabi na biyu na Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. A Lakeland, lokacin kaka yana farawa a tsakiyar watan Agusta kuma ana kiransa da musamman a watan Satumba-Oktoba. Hakanan an yi rikodin tarurruka daga baya - a cikin Nuwamba har ma da Janairu (a farkon kwanakin Janairu 1982, tafarnuwa ta tashi zuwa baranda zuwa ɗayan mazaunan Vitebsk). A jirgin sama na kaka, kayan ado suna tashi gabaɗaya, suna bin kudu maso yamma, a tsawon mil 2-5 daga ƙasa da maraice, daga 18:00 zuwa 20:30.

A lokatai da yawa, an kuma samu ganyen tafarnuwa a cikin hunturu na watanni tare da gabar ruwan dake kankara. An kiyasta yawan hunturu na kayan ado a cikin 0-50 nau'i-nau'i.

Abinci - kamar gurnani.

Matsakaicin shekarun rajista a cikin Turai shine shekaru 12 watanni 4.