Kamar bluefin, barracuda yakan samo ganima ta hanyar gani. Koyaya, sabanin Lufar, barracuda galibi kuskure ne, kuma kuskuren sa ya tabbatar da mutuwa sau da yawa - ga mutane. Yawancin shari'ar da muka sani game da harin barracuda akan mutane - kuma akwai kusan arba'in irin wannan - a bayyane yake saboda gaskiyar cewa barracuda ta ɗauki wani sutturar mai iyo ko ƙyallen ƙananan kifayen, wanda yawanci shine abincinsa.
Da yake magana game da harin barracuda akan mutane, koyaushe suna nufin abin da ake kira manyan barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) - mafi girma daga nau'ikan ashirin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai tsananin zafi da ƙananan kwari. Babban barracuda, wanda ya kai tsawan mita 1.8 da nauyinsa kilo 45, yayi kama da na wani babban jirgi mai dogayen tsinkaye, mai hakoran hakora. Jikin barracuda ya zama kunkuntar da wuya ku ganta a goshi, wannan kifin yana da al'adar da ba ta dace sosai ba farat ɗaya, ya bayyana kwatsam kuma ya sake ɓacewa, yana gogewa da gefen silvery.
Barracuda yana da mummunan suna. Lermond, wanda ya rubuta game da barracuda a cikin mujallar Science of the Sea, wanda sojojin ruwa na Amurka suka buga, ya kira shi mai matukar girma kuma “mai hadari ne,” kuma L. L. Mowbray, masanin masanin kifi ne, ya rubuta a fitowar Nuwamba ta New Bulletin. York Zoological Society "don 1922 cewa barracuda shine" babu shakka, shine mafi girman tashin hankali da rashin iya kulawa da duk kifin ruwan teku. " Dr. Mowbray ya kuma ba da rahoton cewa daruruwan barracudas sukan taru su kai hari kan makarantun ƙaramin kifaye.
Barracudas ya haɗiye duka ƙananan abincin, kuma an yanke wanda ya fi girma cikin guda sannan kuma an ɗauke su guda ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Mummunan rauni ya ragu daga cizo a barracuda: madaidaiciya layuka biyu na hakora fatar, suna jingina da shi a layin layi daya, cizo mai banbanci, sabanin barnar barracuda, ya bar alamar kama da harafin "U". Barracudas matasa sau da yawa suna iyo a cikin makarantu, amma manya da manyan mutane suna farauta su kadai kuma suna haɗuwa kawai idan akwai da yawa daga ganima.
Mummunar suna ta barracuda tun daga farkon balaguro zuwa Sabon Duniya. A cikin 1665, Lord de Rochefort ya rubuta a cikin "Tarihin Tarihi na Antilles" cewa daga cikin "dodannin waɗannan ruwayen, masu ɗimuwa ga bil'adama, akwai Bekuns (asalin al'adun West Indies da ake kira barracuda.) E. R.) - ɗayan mafi munin yanayi. Ganin abin da ya farauto, sai shi, kamar kare, mai kisankai, yana yi mata azaba da fushi. Ya kuma farautar mutane a cikin ruwa. "
Legends suna ba da barracudas, kamar sharks, tare da penchant don nama na wakilan kowane jinsi da ƙasashe. Ba’isra’ile, wanda ya hau zuwa West Indies a ƙarni na 18, ya ba da rahoton cewa barracudas sun fi son cin baƙi, dawakai da karnuka fiye da fararen fata, kuma Faransawan sun yi imanin cewa ba su sami baƙar fata don cin abincin dare ba, barracuda yana neman ɗan Biritaniya, kuma idan ba haka ba ne, yana da cizo na faransa. A cikin labarin guda ɗaya, asalin abin da ba a san shi ba, an faɗi cewa, tun da wani Ba’indiye da Ba’indiye da ke kusa da shi, Barracuda ya fara jin da ɗan Ingilishi, saboda ya ci naman sa namansa yana jin daɗin ɗanɗano.
J.R. Norman da F.S. A cikin ingantaccen littafin Norman, Tarihin Fishe, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1931 kuma aka sake buga shi a cikin 1963 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin R. H. Greenwood, ana kiran barracuda "ba kawai mugunta ba, har ma da tsoro."
Rikicin Barracuda na farko da aka yiwa mutane ya faru ne a cikin 1873 a cikin Tekun Indiya a yankin tsibirin na Mauritius, inda da zarar an rasa dodoes sau ɗaya1. Wani harin da aka yadu da shi a cikin jama'a ya kasance a cikin 1922, tare da wanda aka azabtar, wata budurwa tana wanka a cikin gabar ruwan Florida, tana mutuwa sakamakon zubar jini. Harin da aka yi a yankin St. Augustine na Florida a cikin 1947 da kuma a yankin Key West a cikin 1952 da 1958 suma sun ƙare da mutuwa. A watan Yuli na 1956, Miami Herald ta ba da rahoton cewa wata mace mai shekaru talatin da takwas tana wanka a bakin Tekun a Miami Beach ta afka mata. Barracuda ta sami munanan raunuka a kafafunta.
Yawancin wadanda harin ya ritsa da su sun kasance a cikin ruwa na laka, inda kifin ke ganin ya fi muni kamar yadda aka saba. Ba kamar Sharks ba, wanda ya fara buge guda ɗaya, sannan kuma ya sake dawowa ya sake maimaita harin, barracudas kai hari sau ɗaya kawai, nan da nan kashe da haɗiye ƙananan kifayen, wanda ke zama ganima. A cikin tsabta, ruwa mai tsabta, mutane basa iya tayar da komai fiye da ɗan son sani a cikin barracuda. Wannan abin lura, da kuma cewa, kai hari ga mutum, barracuda yana yin daidai da jefa kamar lokacin da ka kaiwa karamin kifi, kai tsaye zuwa ga yanke hukunci cewa, kai hari ga mutum, barracuda ba shi da sha'awar cin naman mutum. Haƙiƙa haɗarin haɗari tare da barracuda ba shine cewa za a ci mutum da rai ba, amma don ya mutu ko ya nitse daga zubar jini ko rauni.
Tunda mai nazarin da ke haifar da barracuda zuwa hari shine hangen nesa, yawanci yakan hau kan abubuwa masu haske - alal misali, agogo ko mundaye. Hakanan yana jan hankalin da rawar jiki da kifayen ke haifarwa a ƙarshen gidan yarin. Donald R. de Silva na Jami'ar Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Ilmi ta Miami da aka buga a cikin 1963 an ba da cikakken lissafi game da harin barracuda akan mutane. Ya ba da rahoton cewa ya sami damar tsokani barracuda ta hanyar tsokanar zalunci, ta amfani da karamin kifayen kifi da aka dasa a kurkuku kamar ƙyamar. Dr. de Silva ya kara da cewa, duk da haka, yanayin dabi'un da ke faruwa wanda ya kai nisan mita daya da rabi, wadanda ake samu a cikin Bahamas da gabar tekun Florida, ba su taba yin tsaurin ra'ayi ba.
Nixon Griffis, masaniyar masaniyar Scuba, tsohon shugaban kungiyar Mawallafin Litattafan Amurkan, ya yi imanin cewa barracuda kaɗai, in an rikice shi yayin bacci, abokan gaba ne, amma barracudas a cikin fakitoci bai dame shi ba. Barracudas da na sadu yayin da nake iyo a tsibiran Bahamas da Puerto Rico sun kasance cikin lumana, duk da cewa ruwa a bayyane koyaushe yana da tsafta. Yawancin yawon bude ido suna wanka a gaban manyan otal a San Juan tsakanin makarantun kananan barracuda kuma basu ma lura da hakan ba. Ko da ƙananan barrakudas, rabin-rabi ba sa nuna tsoro lokacin da mutum ya kusanci su, amma ba su kai masa hari ba. Sau da yawa ina barin ƙananan littleya daughtersana suyi iyo kusa da barracudas-rabin mita.
Yin ruwa tare da narkar da ruwa daga tekun tsibirin Big Bahama a yankin Free Port, na taɓa ganin wata katuwar barracuda, mita daya da rabi na dogon lokaci kusa da ɗakin gwajin karkashin ruwa "Hydrolab". Barracudas sau da yawa yana kwance a ƙarƙashin murfin reefs, moorings da leda, kuma wannan ƙwararren, ga alama, yana son dakin gwaje-gwajen karfe: ya kasance na dogon lokaci kusa da Hydrolab. Kullum ina kallonta, ina iyo har zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje ko kuma barin ta, yayin da barracuda ba ta kula da ni ba. Robert Wickland, wanda ke da alhakin jihar Hydrolab, ya gaya mani cewa wannan kifin bai dame kowa ba. Ya kamata a sani cewa ruwan dake yankin Gidrolaba a bayyane yake kuma tabbatacce, kuma yawan gani a wurin sau da yawa ya kai mita 120.
Gabaɗaya, ana iya faɗi cewa barracuda kusan ba shi da haɗari ga ɗan adam lokacin da ya sami damar bambanta shi da kifin da wannan maƙiyin yakan yi farauta. Amma a cikin ruwa mai laka, ƙyalli na munduwa, motsi na hannu ko kafa - musamman mutum mai fata - yana iya sa barracuda ta jefa, sakamakon wanda a wasu lokuta yake da m.
- 1. Dodo, ko Dodo (Raphidae) - daya daga cikin iyalan pigeon tawagar (Columbae ko Kusuwa) An samo wakilan wannan dangi a tsibirin Mauritius, Bourbon da Rodriguez. Turawa na farko da suka gano tsibirin na Mauritius a cikin 1598 sun ba wa tsuntsu sunan "dodo" saboda rashin kulawar sa ("dodo" yaren Fotigal ne "wawa"). Dodo manyan tsuntsaye ne marasa tashiwa. Sakamakon rashin abokan gaba masu karfi, dodo ya rasa ikon kare kansu, lamarin da ya haifar da warwatsewa cikin sauri. - Lura ja.
Menene kamarsa
Kifin Barracuda suna da jiki mai tsawo, wanda aka rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli. Babban bakin yana zaune tare da manyan hakora masu kaifi, ƙananan muƙamuƙi sun haɗu da ci gaba sosai. Godiya ga ƙarshen, barracuda yana da matukar matsala. Ainihin, bayyanar kifin tayi daidai da halin ɗabi'arta mai haushi. Barracudas ba ya girma fiye da mita 2 a tsayi, tare da irin wannan tsawon nauyin ba ya wuce kilo 50. Mafi yawan lokuta, wakilan wannan dangin ba su wuce mita 1.5 a tsayi ba, kuma wasu samfurori ba su da girma kwata-kwata - rabin rabin tsawonsa.
Ainihin, bayyanar kifin tayi daidai da halin ɗabi'arta mai haushi. Ainihin, ana iya samun barracuda a ƙasan a zurfi.
Ina yake zama
Dukkan nau'ikan barracuda suna zaune a cikin tekuna na wurare masu zafi da kuma tekun Atlantika, Indiya da Pacific. Mafi yawanci a cikin Bahamas, Florida, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico da Caribbean. Barracuda ana iya samun mafi yawan lokuta a farkon ƙasa a cikin zurfin zurfafa, inda suke ɓoye tsakanin ciyayi mai ruwa da duwatsu a cikin jira abinci. Barracudas suna fama da yunwa kullun, saboda haka suna ciyar da kullun don neman abinci. Barracudas duk kifi ne, squid, crustaceans da sauran mazaunan ruwa waɗanda girmansu ba su cika girman mai yankewar da kanta ba. Mafi sau da yawa, barracudas suna farautar matasa kifi na nau'ikansu.
Hadari ga mutane
An bayyana yawancin maganganun hare-haren barracuda akan mutane. Wadannan kifayen sun sami damar haɓaka haɓaka mai ƙarfi kuma a yayin farmaki sun yi birgima ga mutum mai saurin walƙiya, suna kwance wani ɗan nama daga jiki tare da haƙora da hakora masu ɗorewa kuma da sauri saita tashi zuwa gefe don shirya don hari na gaba. Barracuda hakora bar manyan lacerations. Mafi sau da yawa, barracuda tana kaiwa mutane hari a jikin ruwa da ruwa mai laka ko da daddare, tunda kafafu da hannayen mai iyo ko ruwa mai narkewa a cikin ruwan laka suna kama da motsin kifi. Maharbin yana ɗaukar sassan jikin ɗan adam don kamun kifi kuma ya ci karo da shi. Sanin dandano na jini, barracuda ba zai iya tsayawa ba kuma zai cika burinsa. Naman da wasu nau'ikan barracuda ke da guba.
Barkiya baƙi
Mala'ikun Moray suna rayuwa a cikin tekuna a duk duniya inda zafin jiki na ruwa ya fi dacewa da su. A cikin takaici, matsakaicin matsakaicin tsararrakin rubabbiyar jikin yarinyar ya kusan mita 4.
Barkiya baƙi
Kodayake waɗannan kifayen basu da hangen nesa, amma koyaushe suna samo ganima. Halinsu na wari ya ninka sau huɗu. Gwargwadon mayyar doki ya bambanta da jinsin da suka kasance, wasu moray suna sauka girman girman dabino na mutum, wasu sun kai mita 3 a tsayi. Kodayake fatar wannan kifin ba shi da kariya daga Sikeli, ba ya cikin haɗari, za a ji masa rauni a kaifi a cikin ramuka, an rufe jikinsa gaba ɗaya da ƙura mai narkewa, kuma wannan yana kare kifin daga lalacewa ta waje.
Me yasa mayuwan kwaliya yake buɗe bakinsa koyaushe?
Duk da mafi girman yanayin wadannan mafarautan, yanayin bude su da rufe bakinsu ya ke da ban tsoro. Kodayake a haƙiƙa wannan dabi'ar ba ta da alaƙa da tsoratarwa, amma tare da numfashin motsi na bakin ciki, buɗe bakinsa, yana bugowa cikin ruwan, ruwa mai arzikin oxygen. Koyaya, idan bakin ya buɗe, kuna buƙatar yin hankali, ƙwanƙwasa gogewa yana shiga cikin harin, kai tsaye yana rufe bakinsa. Kallon morey eel, zaka iya gano yaya hakoranta masu qarfi da karkatacciya. Ciwan wannan kifin yana da haɗari sosai, haƙoransa ba kawai ke da kaifi sosai ba, har ma yana da datti sosai, don haka cizon moray na iya haifar da kumburi mai ƙarfi, ƙari, an ma yi musu baƙi, cizo ɗaya kuma wanda aka azabtar ya kasa tserewa. Rage jikin, mai murɗaɗa na tsokoki na mayra na iya narkewa cikin kunkuntar crevice.
Mala'ikun ɓoyayyun sun fi son ɓoyewa a cikin kogo da murhu a tsakanin murjani, kuma galibi suna barin matsuguninsu ne kawai da dare don farauta. A yayin rana kawai zaka ga shugaban kifayen nan yana ta ɓoyewa daga matsuguni, a matsayinka na mai mulki, yana amfani da wannan kogon guda ɗaya tsawon rayuwarsa. Manyan maɓoran moray suna iya samun irin wannan mafaka, wani lokacin a nesa na mita 200 daga juna. Yawancin lokaci tsaftace kifayen suna zaune tare da mai bakin ciki, ɓacin rai yana buɗe bakinsa, kuma mai saurin ya kawar da ragowar abincin da ya makale a tsakanin haƙoranta, wannan ƙawance ne da ke da amfani, kuma mayn rayayyu ba sa cin su. Wannan kifin ya fi son cin abinci da daddare kuma yana amfani da mayafin duhu don kama ganima. Amma wani lokacin da rana tana cikin tsananin ƙin yin watsi da waɗannan abincin nan masu dadi.
Mala'ikun Moray suna da rashin hango nesa ba kusa ba, amma suna da ƙanshin turaren wuta hakan yana da kyau kada a lalata tare dasu. Babban yanki na ciki na hanci yana sa su kula da ƙanshi sosai. A lokacin farauta dare, daɗin ƙanshi yakan zama don raunin gani, saboda amintaccen yanayi, sauran kifayen sun fi nesa da biyun.