Nan da nan zan so in amsa tambayar masu karanta masu karatu game da wanene irin labarin wannan - dabba ce ko kifi. Wannan dabba ce ta dabbobi. Wannan shi ne kawai nau'in narwhal.
Labarin dabba, ko ruwa mara tsabta, yana zaune a cikin Arctic Arctic, dangi ne kusa da wables na beluga kuma dangin cetace ne.
Bayyanar
Wannan babbar dabba ce - narwhal. Nauyirsa (namiji) ya kai tan 1.5. Tsawon shekarun balaguro mita 4.5, har zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi shine tsayin kamu. Fiye da rabin nauyin narwhal mai girma yana da mai. Matan sun fi tsananin kyau, nauyinsu ya wuce kilo 900 kawai.
A waje, labarun ruwa suna kama da belugas. Amma ana bambanta su da babban ƙaho. Sau da yawa ana kiranta tus. Wannan babban tsari ne mai dorewa tsawon mita 2-3 kuma yayi nauyi kilo 10. Tushen sun sami damar lanƙwasa ta fuskoki daban-daban, alhali ba su fasa ba.
Abin da na narwhal Kakakin
Har yanzu dai ba a iya fahimtar ayyukan falon ba. Gaskiya ne, a yau masana kimiyya sun ce tare da karfin gwiwa cewa ba an yi niyyar daskarar da kankara ba ne ko a kai wa wanda abin ya shafa rauni.
A farko, an sanya fasalin cewa labarin dabba yana amfani da kahon sa a cikin wasannin kiwo - don jan hankalin mata. Ya danganta ne da lura. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin waɗannan dabbobin masu girman gaske da gaske suna taɓa haƙoransu.
A cikin 2005, balaguron kimiyya wanda ya lura da rayuwar labarun ya bayyana cewa wannan samuwar tana da matukar damuwa. Lokacin da ake nazarinsa, an samo adadin tsoffin jijiyoyi a samansa.
Masana kimiyya sun sake ganin yadda narkewa (dabba) keɓaɓɓu. Auna zazzabi da yadda za'a sami karfin igiyar lantarki, tok shine sigar gaba ta manufar ta.
Tashin hankali
Kakakin narwhal ana girmamawa da daraja sosai a cikin al'adu daban-daban - yana iya zama adon sarakuna da manyan sarakuna. A Ingila, tsinkayen narwhal ya zama sandan sarauta. Sarauniya Elizabeth a kan dolo ɗaya na wannan babbar ƙungiyar ta arewa ta biya a ƙarni na 16 a cikin kuɗi mai ban mamaki ga waɗannan lokutan - fam dubu 10. Da wannan kuɗin za ku iya gina katafaren gida. Me yasa tsari yake da ban mamaki?
Narwhals ƙaramin yanki ne na abin da ake kira kifi Whales. Duk da wannan, a zahiri su halittu ne marasa hauka. Babu hakora a saman muƙamuƙi, kuma a saman akwai primordia biyu kawai. Cubs na iya samun nau'i-nau'i shida na babba da na ƙananan hakora, amma suna faɗuwa da sauri, kuma tsalle-tsalle ya fara haɓaka a cikin haƙori na hagu a cikin maza, wanda a lokacin balaga na dabba ya kai 2-3 m a tsawon, 7-10 cm kauri kuma ƙari 10 kilogiram na nauyi. Dogayen fale-falen dogo ne kawai ke yiwa maza kwalliya. A cikin mace, ƙaho yana madaidaiciya da gajarta. Da wuya, amma yana faruwa cewa hakora biyu a cikin mace sun lalace cikin fuka-fukai, kuma a cikin maza hagun canine ba ya zama kaho, amma waɗannan ba su daɗewa ba keɓaɓɓu.
Jirgin narwhal a saman sa yana da karkataccen yanki (yankan), wanda yake ƙaruwa da ƙarfinta. Wannan yanke yana bayyana akan lokaci: tare da jujjuya juzu'in dabba, tsinkayen, cin nasara da karfin juriya na ruwa, sannu a hankali yana jujjuyawa da yadda yake. Sakamakon haka, an sare tsintsaye a jikin bangon rijiyoyin a saman sa.
Ba a samun maza da yawa da hakora biyu, waɗanda ke haɓaka nan da nan daga haƙora biyu. A cewar kididdigar, ana samun irin waɗannan dabbobi a cikin ɗaya cikin manya 500.
Abin mamaki, har ila yau, labarin dabba, da kuma musamman ƙahonsa, ya kasance abin asiri ga masana kimiyya a duk faɗin duniya. An yi karanci.
A yau, masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa tushin yana bawa narwhal damar jin canjin zafin jiki, matsin lamba, da tattara abubuwan da aka dakatar a cikin ruwa.
Rayuwa
Narwhal dabba ce (mun sanya hoto a cikin wannan labarin), wanda a cikin hunturu ya shiga zurfin kilomita 1.5. Wannan ya zama dole don kare kanka daga ruwan Arctic mai sanyi. Bayan wani lokaci, yakan hau zuwa sama a bayan iska kuma ya sake zurfafa. A cikin rana yakan yi ruwan sha kusan 15. Bugu da kari, mai kitse mai kariya shine kariya mai kariya daga sanyi a cikin narwhals. Fuskarsa a wasu lokuta ya wuce cm 10. A lokacin rani, waɗannan dabbobin galibi yawanci zuwa 30 zuwa 300 m.
Iyali
Labarin dabba zai iya rayuwa cikin cikakke ko cikin ƙaramin rukuni na kusan maza 10 ko mata masu haihuwar.
A baya can, waɗannan Kattai sun kirkiro manyan garken dabbobi, suna lambobi da yawa, wani lokacin kuma dubun dubbai. A yau da wuya a iya haɗuwa da ƙungiya fiye da ɗari raga. Wani lokacin belugas yana tare dasu.
Kamar sauran cetaceans na garke, waɗannan dabbobin suna sadarwa da junan su ta hanyar magana. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan sautin mai kaifi ne kamar yin kuwwa, nishi, dannawa, hayaniya, gurgling, creze.
Kiwo
Mating faruwa a lokacin bazara. Cutar ciki tana da watanni 14, cikakken sake haihuwar shine shekaru 2-3. Yawancin lokaci ana haihuwar mutum, galibi ba yan biyu ba. Balaga ya zo shekaru bakwai. Babu batun kiwo na wadannan dabbobin da aka kwashe.
Matar tana ciyar da ɗan kwalin tare da madara mai daɗin tsawan watanni 20.
Rayuwa a zaman talala
Unicorn ruwa yana cikin ƙaramin rukuni na dabbobi waɗanda ba za su iya tsayawa a kan bauta ba kwata-kwata. Wannan ya bayyana ne ta hanyar tabbataccen gaskiyar cewa babu wata dabba daya da ta rayu tsawon watanni fiye da shida a zaman talala, yayin da suke cikin yanayi na rayuwa suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 55. Ba a tantance ainihin takaddun narwhals ba, amma su smallan ƙarami ne, marasa galihu waɗanda aka riga aka jera su a littafin Red na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha.
Tare da cikakken amincewa, ana iya kiransu ɗayan abubuwan ban mamaki na Arctic, ɗaya kaɗai kuma masanin nau'ikansa.
Habitat
Mun riga mun ambaci cewa waɗannan dabbobin masu ƙarfi suna rayuwa ne a yankuna na arewa masu wahala. Mafi yawa a cikin tekun Arctic, a cikin Arctic Ocean. Ana iya samun Narwhals a gefen gabar Greenland, kazalika a cikin arewacin tsibiran tarin tsibirin Arctic na Kanada.
Areungiyoyi ƙananan suna yin rajista a cikin arewa maso gabas na Franz Josef Land, ba a daɗe ba tsakanin Kolyma da Cape Barrow. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙarancin abinci - akwai 'yan' kaɗan na cephalopods. Tashar tashoshin Arewa sun yi wa kungiyar rijistar narwhals a arewacin tsibirin Wrangel. Suna zaune a cikin ruwa mai sanyi tare da gefuna na kankara Arctic, suna yin ƙaura yanayi: a lokacin rani - zuwa arewa, kuma a cikin hunturu - zuwa kudu.
Abubuwan da mutanen arewa ke ci suna cinye abubuwan da suke cikin ruwa. Suna amfani da kitse na waɗannan dabbobin a matsayin hanyar fitila (wick). Ana amfani da intestines don yin igiyoyi, tagwaye. Amma ƙahon nan mai ban tsoro, ko yatsa, yana da mahimmanci musamman. Maƙeran arewa suna yin kayayyaki daban-daban daga gare ta.
Yawan jama'a
Labarin dabbobi shine ƙaramin nau'in halittar da ke gab da hallaka. A tsakiyar zamanai, saboda kahon sa, wanda a cewar shaman, yana da iko na tsafi, wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa an lalata su da yawa.
Ko a yau, tushin abin da ba a sani ba na iya haifar da kisan dabba. Eskimos ganima. Idan a zamanin da aka yi amfani da harboons na farauta, a yau ana amfani da kwalekwalen motoci da na’urori na atomatik don kashe tarkace.
Duk mutumin da ya ɗora hannu akan wannan dabba mai wuya yana buƙatar sanin cewa waɗannan alamomin rayayyun halittu ne na yanayin ƙasa, suna jin ɗan canjin yanayi, suna kula da gurɓatar muhalli.
Don haka me yasa narwhal yake da wannan tushin?
Har zuwa yanzu, ba a yi nazarin ayyukan haƙaryar ba, amma masana kimiyya sun san tabbas cewa ba an yi niyyar kai hari ga wanda aka azabtar ba ne kuma ya soki dutsen kankara. An bayyana irin wannan nau'in cewa wannan dabba tana buƙatar ta don gudanar da wasannin mating da jawo hankalin mace.
Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa labarun ruwa suna ci gaba da shafawa da waɗannan haƙoran. Amma daga baya, a cikin 2005, balaguro na musamman wanda ya lura da rayuwar masu ba da labarun sai ya ƙarasa da cewa wannan tushin ya zama jiki mai kulawa. Bayan binciken da aka yi a hankali, an gano yawancin maganganu na jijiya a farfajiya. Don haka suka ba da shawarar cewa tus ɗin shima yana yin aiki domin sanin zazzabi da lokutan lantarki.
A ina ne labarun suke zaune?
Waɗannan dabbobin masu girma suna rayuwa a cikin ƙasashe masu wahala. Wato, a cikin Arctic. Suna cin abinci a wasu ƙwayoyi da kifaye masu yawa. Sun fi son na musamman da kifi kamar su kwadon kwakwa, iwabut, flounder da gobies. Abokan gaban waɗannan dabbobi marasa tsoron Allah sune bears ko kuma kisa mai kisa.
Buɗewar narwhals
Yawancin 'yan arewacin suna cin naman waɗannan dabbobin. Suna amfani da mai a matsayin wata hanya don haske. Ganin cewa guts ana amfani dashi don yin igiyoyi iri-iri. Kuma musamman godiya, wannan ƙaho mai ban mamaki, ko farashi, wanda aka kera masana'antu da yawa.
Legends da imani game da waɗannan dabbobi
A ƙarni na farko, mutane da yawa sun riga sun saba da labarin, kuma suna ɗaukar suna "ba a san teku ba". Masu sihiri da masu sihiri sun danganta kadarorin sihiri ga sifofin narwhal ɗin kuma ya ƙara su zuwa abubuwan da suke so. An dauki tsawon lokaci ana amfani da shi azaman al'adun al'ada.
Masu warkarwa sun yi iƙirarin cewa ƙawarin ɓarnar ƙasa ya iya warkar da kowace cuta. Waɗannan dabbobin an kan farauta su, ana musayar faraki don abubuwan abinci, wani lokacin har ma da zinariya. A cikin karni na 20 na karni, an haramtawa farauta labarai, amma wannan haramcin bai yi tasiri ba. Binciken masu fashin ba shi da sauki. Babban yanki da ƙasa mai yuwuwar hana wannan.
Dalilin ƙaho har yanzu bai bayyana ga masana kimiyya ba
A sakamakon haka, ba a warware wannan batun ba. Daga fata na wannan dabba, suna noma mazaunin, duk iri ɗaya ne, mutanen arewa. Sun ce kitsen narkehal yana taimakawa cikin yanayin sanyi kuma baya barin jiki ya daskarewa idan ya yada.
Don farautar wannan dabbar, suna tafiya kamar iyali. Oneaya daga cikin mutum yana sanya bait na musamman, yayin da ɗayan ke jan hankalin dabbar tare da sautin halayen. Ana yin wannan yawanci a wuraren da akwai tsutsotsi.
Da zaran dabbar ta bayyana a saman ruwa, sai suka doke shi da abubuwa masu kaifi su jira har sai ya mutu. Bayan wannan, dukan iyalin suka tashi don fitar da shi daga ruwa. Sun yanke shi, a matsayin doka, a wuri guda, tunda nauyin narwhal baya basu damar ɗaukar duka.
Wormwood - dama don numfashi
A bangare guda, wannan rashin hankali ne, kuma a daya bangaren, wadannan mutane, an hana su wani nau'in abinci, zasu mutu kawai ba tare da wannan dabba ba. Zuwa yau, yawan waɗannan dabbobin ba sa cikin haɗari.
Mata suna da ƙarancin nauyi, tsarin mulki daban kuma sun fi na maza yawa, sabanin maza. A lokacin rani, yawanci sukan zo kan ruwa, kamar yadda suke yawan bukatar iskan oxygen.
A cikin hunturu, narwhals suna da zurfi sosai, suna samun abincin kansu. A cikin yanayi na al'ada da kuma sauyin yanayi suna haifuwa akai-akai, amma a cikin bauta, ba'a lura da wannan tsari ba.
Nawa dabbobin da suke da ban sha'awa don tarihi suna rayuwa a cikin duhu da ruwan sanyi na Arctic?
Wannan ba dabara bane, amma a yau, mutum ya san duniyar game da sararin sama da asirin tekun.
Idan an sami kuskure, a zabi wani ɗan rubutu sai a danna Ctrl + Shigar.
Yaɗa
The narwhal zaune a cikin manyan latitude - a cikin ruwa na Arctic Ocean da kuma Arewacin Atlanta. Mabudin wurare: tarin tsibiri na Kanada da bakin gabar Greenland, ruwan Svalbard, Franz Josef Land da kuma ruwayen da ke kusa da gabar tsibirin Arewa na Novaya Zemlya. Mafi yawan dabarun arewa a lokacin bazara ya faru har zuwa 85 ° C. n., mafi yawan kudanci (a cikin hunturu) - zuwa Burtaniya da Netherlands, tekun Murmansk, White Sea, da Fr. Bering.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Narwhals ana kiyaye su guda ɗaya ko a cikin ƙananan rukuni, yawanci na shugabannin 6-10, wanda ya ƙunshi maza manya, ko na mata tare da 'yan mata, waɗanda suka kasance manya-manya ofari da ɗaruruwan dubbai. A cikin garken, kamar belugas, narwhals suna "magana." Mafi yawan lokuta suna haifar da kaifi mai kama da saƙo, suna kuma yin moans (ko ajiyar zuciya), mooing, danna, creaking, gurgling.
Peak mating yana faruwa a cikin bazara. Cutar ciki yana ɗaukar watanni 14-15, cikakken sake zagayowar haifuwa ya cika shekaru 2-3. 1 an haife shi, mai wuya 2 cubs. Balaga na jima'i a cikin maza yana faruwa ne tare da tsawon jikin mutum na 4 m, a cikin mace - 3.4 m, wanda yayi daidai da shekaru 4-7. Tsawon rayuwa a cikin yanayi ya kasance har zuwa shekaru 55, a cikin bauta - har zuwa watanni 4. Ba a san shari'ar haifuwa a cikin bauta ba.
Darajar tattalin arziki
Abubuwan da mutanen arewacin ke cinye naman narkewa, musamman na Eskimos, ana amfani da kitse na narwhals a matsayin mai don fitilu, kuma ana amfani da hanjin ne don yin igiya, musamman kibayoyin da aka sare katako. Fata na narwhals ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin C. Tun lokacin bazara na 1976, Gwamnatin Kanada ta ƙaddamar da matakan ƙuntatawa ga kamun kifi: ta haramta kisan mata da cubasan, an tilasta musu cire dabbobi da kuma gabatar da tsarin shekara-shekara a cikin manyan wuraren farauta. Naman narwhal ba shi da mahimmanci saboda tsada mai girma: yana da wuya ku sami narwhal fiye da gyano ko shark. A cikin gidajen cin abinci na zamani, sa'a, nama narwhal ba kowa bane. Labarin mata ba zai iya zama dabbobi ba.
Matsayin Al'umma da Kariya
An jera nau'in nau'in kare mai kariya a cikin Littafin Red na Rasha (rukuni na rarrauna: 3 - rare ananan kananan jinsuna, wakilin wani nau'in monotypic), da kuma a shafi na CITES. Ba kamar belugas ba, narwhals baya yarda da zaman talala.
Cikakken bayanai masu yawa ba su da yawa. Dangane da kimantawar adadi, an kiyasta adadinsu a raga 30-40 dubu [Ba a ayyana asalin ranar 538 ba] .
Bayanan kula
- ↑Sokolov V.E. Theamus biyu na sunayen dabbobi. Dabbobi masu shayarwa Latin, Rashanci, Ingilishi, Jamusanci, Faransanci. / Acad ya gyara shi. V. E. Sokolova. - M.: Rus. Lang., 1984. - S. 117. - kwafi 10,000.
- ↑Billo D. Harshen narwhal Kakaki // A duniyar kimiyya. 12/14/2005.
Duba menene "Narwhal" a cikin wasu ƙamus.
NARWHAL - (Yaren mutanen Sweden). Unicorn, tsohuwar haƙoran haƙora, dabba mai kama da dabbar da ke da haƙoran haƙora a cikin babban muƙamuƙin. Dictionaryamus na kalmomin kasashen waje kunshe a cikin harshen Rasha. Chudinov AN, 1910. NARVAL tsohuwar haƙori, unicorn, dabba mai ruwa daga irin whales tare da haƙoran haƙora a cikin ... Dictionaryamus na kalmomin kasashen waje na harshen Rasha
NARWHAL - (Monodon monoceros), annoba. dabbobi masu shayarwa. beluga sem. dabbar dolfin Bangarorin, jinsin halittar. Don har zuwa 6.1 m, nauyi 1 1.5 t. Shugaban da aka zagaye .. Haske mai launi tare da yawa. black spots (suckers duhu). A cikin maza (da wuya sosai a cikin mata) a cikin ... ... logicalagarar Al'adar halittu
Narwhal - Monodon monoceros gani kuma 6.2.2. Genus Narwhals Monodon Narwhal Monodon monoceros (a cikin muƙamuƙi na sama). A cikin mace, yawanci ba su yanke ta ba, kuma a cikin namiji, hakori guda ɗaya (yawanci hagu, da wuya sosai duka biyun) ya juya zuwa cikin tsayi (har zuwa 3 m), madaidaiciya, helical ... Dabbobin Rasha. Littafin tunani
narwhal - a, m. Narval m. & LT, sw., Dates., Babu. labari. Dabba mai shayarwa daga dabbar yatsa mai yatsa tare da dogon haƙora a cikin kamannin ƙaho, unicorn. ALS 1. Narwhal. 1788. Maganar nat. Gabas. An sani cewa tekun yana samar da mafi girman dabbobi, alal misali, kifi Whale da ... ... ictionaryamus na tarihi na Gallicisms na Rasha
NARWHAL - (unicorn) dabbobi masu shayarwa daga dangin dabbar dolfin. Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 6 m, nauyinsa ya kai tan 1.5. A cikin maza, kawai haɓaka hagu na haɓaka, tsayi da yawa (har zuwa 3 m). A cikin ruwa arctic. Smallarami, mai kariya ... cycloparamin Bayanin Encyclopedic
NARWHAL - NARVAL, narwhal, miji. (Labarin Faransa) (zoo.). Guda ɗaya kamar wanda ba a sani ba a 1 znach. Shaamus na Bayanin Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Bayanin Bayani na Ushakov
NARWHAL - miji. Kifi na Monodon, marine unicorn, haƙori mai ban tsoro, daga dangin dabbar dolfin, viviparous, tare da spindles a kan kambi na kai. Bayanin Mafanar Dahl. IN DA. Dahl. 1863 1866 ... Dictionaryamus na Bayanin Dahl
narwhal - noun, adadin kalmomin: 4 • dabbar dolphin (28) • unicorn (20) • monoceros (2) • ... Dictionaryamus na ma'anar kalmomi
narwhal - a, m. narwhal] Dabba mai shayarwar dabbobi mai shayarwa daga dangi. dabbar dolfin, tare da dogayen wutsiya a cikin babban muƙamuƙi, ba unorn. W Narwhal, oh, oh. N. tusk. * * * narwhal (unicorn), dabbobi masu shayarwa daga dangin dolphin.Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 6 m, nauyi har zuwa 1.5 t ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
Narwhal - unicorn (Monodon monoceros), dabbobi masu shayarwa daga zuriyar doluga na beluga. Tsawon jikin mace yakai 5 m, maza har zuwa 6 m (nauyinsu ya kai 1 t), jarirai sunkai 1.5 m. Shugaban yana zagaye, babu fin fin-fin. A cikin manya yana da haske ... ... Babban Encyclopedia na Soviet
