Maƙaddara ta kasance ta hanyar lalata ne, mazaunin ruwa ne Kudancin Amurka. Halin halittar ya hada da mutane da ire-irensu iri-iri, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama shine kifi mai launin jan kunne, ko piranha natterera.
Ba a rarrabe bayyanar kifayen da launuka masu haske ko girma mai ban sha'awa. Kyakkyawan fasalin piranhas game da abin da tarihin ƙuruciya ke motsawa shi ne jaws mai ƙarfi da haƙoran haƙora kamar yadda zazzage suke. Tsarin bakin kifin ya tabbatar da yanayin dabi'unsa, kuma yana amfani da shi azaman kayan aiki mai kyau don hakar abinci - ƙananan kashin yana haɓaka ci gaba, haƙoran kuma suna ja da baya.
Jikin mai farauta yana da tsawo, launin sikeli shine karfe, tare da ƙarar azurfa. Piranhas a cikin akwatin kifaye ba zai iya yin fahariya na tsayin daka da nauyin jikin mutum ba, tunda a cikin daji girmansu ya kai tsayin 33 cm tsayi, kuma a cikin bauta - har zuwa 20 cm.
A cikin mazauninsu na halitta, suna da hoto mai birgewa - ya fi sauƙi a farauta da samun abinci. Koyaya, a gida, kifin ba ya fita da ƙarfin zuciya: tare da kaifi mai ƙarfi da sautin, dabbobi suna rasa sani, kuma idan an kama su ko kuma an dasa su, sai su ɓoye, suna kwance a ƙarshen tafkin. Lokacin da suke sayen irin wannan kifin da ba a saba gani ba, masu ruwa da tsaki suna damuwa game da yawan piranhas da ke rayuwa a cikin bauta, musamman la'akari m da farashi mai tsada. Shekarun rayuwar akwatin kifaye shine shekaru 10.
Jinsuna da iri
Gidan piranhas ya kasu kashi dayawa da iri iri. Ga akwatin kifayen, mai jan kunne mai jan kunne shine mafi yawanci zaba, wani sunan piranha natterera. Koyaya, wasu masana aquarists sun fi son wasu nau'in:
- Wata Mileus - yana nufin herbivore, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan wakilan wakilai. Rashin daidaituwa, saboda haka ya dace da sabon shiga a cikin akwatin kifaye.
- Red Paku kifi ne tare da saurin girma. Pak ba shi da haƙoran haƙora, don haka ba za ku iya jin tsoron kwari ba.
- Metinnis shine Lunar - an bambanta misalin ta hanyar abokantaka da aminci.
- Dwarf piranha - ya dace da masu farawa, saboda ba shi da ma'anar kuma yana da halayyar nutsuwa.
- Slender piranha - ƙwararru ne kawai zasu iya ma'amala da waɗannan nau'in, saboda kifin yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da yanayin kulawa. Slinder piranhas a cikin akwatin kifayen na haɗarin haɓaka ƙwararrun kwararru kawai a wannan filin.
Yanayin tsarewa
Aquarium piranhas suna rayuwa a cikin fursuna na kusan shekaru 10, sabili da haka, ƙulla gidan don maƙiyi, ya zama dole don kammala aikin yadda ya kamata kuma na dogon lokaci. Rashin bin ka'idodin kulawa, mummunan yanayi na tsarewa zai haifar da rikicewar tsarin juyayi a cikin kifin, wanda hakan zai cutar da lafiyar mazauna.
Lokacin da aka shirya akwati tare da piranhas, yana da mahimmanci a tuna da halayen dabbobi na dabbobi, sannan a gwada kawo sigogi na tafki na wucin gadi kusa da sigogi na mazaunin halitta.
Don amintaccen kifin a cikin tanki za ku buƙaci:
- Wurin yana da faffada, 150 l (na mutane biyu) ko 200 l (na 5-6 inji). Wannan ya shafi ƙananan kifi. Idan masu farautar manya ne, kuma adadinsu ya wuce raka'a shida, ƙarar tanki ya zama akalla lita 400. Karamin jikin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, da fushi kuma mafi m mazaunan.
- Garkuna da kogo - duk da martabar jini na jini, piranhas sun fi zama abin ƙyama, kuma suna buƙatar wuraren da za su iya ɓoyewa daga sautunan da ba su da tushe. Hakanan a cikin akwatin kifayen dasa tare da m Layer na ciyayi. Garkuna da furanni ya kamata su zama 2/3 na tanki.
- Filterarasar yana da ƙarfi ainun, kamar yadda masu farauta ke barin ɓata. Ana sabunta ruwa a kowane mako, yana sauya 20-30% na ƙara.
- Compressor - ya cika ruwa da oxygen, ba tare da wanda dabbobi ba za su iya rayuwa.
- Heater da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio - yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin tanki ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 23C, saboda a ƙananan yanayin kifayen suna jin daɗi.
Dokokin abinci mai gina jiki
Ko da a gida, piranhas ya kasance magabaci, don haka yawancin ciyarwa yakamata su zama ƙananan kifi da fillet. Ya kamata a ciyar da Piranha sau ɗaya a rana don hana wuce gona da iri da kuma gurɓataccen iska, tunda ba kowa bane ga wannan nau'in girkin abincin bayan an ci abincin dare.
Don ciyar da samfuran amfani kamar:
- kwaɗi
- tadpoles
- jatan lande
- squid
- karamin kifi.
Ana shigar da abinci na tsire-tsire akai-akai a cikin abincin: raw dankali, zucchini, kabeji. Ba a ba da naman dabbobi, sai dai na naman sa, tunda yana bayar da gudummawa ga ragewar launi. Dabbobin gida, hatsi, tsutsotsi ko tsutsotsi na jini zasu ji dadin dabbobin su. Don ciyarwa, bar sarari kyauta daga tsirrai da kayan ado, kuma bayan cin abinci an cire shi daga tafki.
Wannan abu ne mai ban sha'awa: masu hasara sun yi watsi da ƙananan abinci, don haka girman abincin ya kamata ya yi daidai da girman dayan jaws.
Yarbuwa
Kifayen da ake so ya fi so su zauna a cikin al'umman da irin nasu, saboda haka ana adana su cikin garken, ba ma cika sauran nau'in halitta ba. Ko da a cikin rukuni, shugabannin sarauta suna mulki - koyaushe akwai babi, mafi girman mafi girman yanayin da ke mulkin sauran dangi.
Koyaya, gogaggun masaniyar ruwayar ruwa sun bayar da hujjar cewa za a iya ajiye wasu nau'o'in halittun tare da masu farauta, idan aka basu girman tanki, yanayin kifin da kuma halayen abinci mai gina jiki. Babban zaɓi ga maƙwabta su ne kifayen da suke rayuwa a cikin sauran shimfidar ruwa, kuma ana ba da kariya ta faranti - kifin mai kifi ko baƙar fata. Kafin a daidaita wani nau'in halittar, ana gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da nau'in don kada sabon mazaunin ya zama abincin dare.
Kiwo
Piranhas ya kai ga balaga yana da shekaru 2-3. A yayin tsallakewa, mafarautan suna zama masu zafin rai, saboda haka ake fitar da nau'ikan da aka zaba cikin tsirar, kuma sauran mutanen zuwa gaankunan ruwa '' jinsi guda ''.
Ciyarwa don iyayen da ke gaba an sanye su kuma suna haifar da sigogi masu mahimmanci:
- girma - 150 l
- ruwa zazzabi - 26-29C,
- kasar gona - pebbles,
- canjin ruwa - kowace rana, aƙalla 25%.
A lokacin cin nasara, ana ciyar da kifi sosai. Mace tana sanya kimanin qwai dubu biyu a cikin wani mazaunin da mijinta ya shirya, wanda mahaifa ke kula dashi. Kwana uku daga baya, an haifi larvae, kuma bayan wasu kwana uku sai su juye.
Reananan piranhas an sake su zuwa akwati daban, suna mai da hankali akan cewa mahaifin ba ya kai hari ga masu binciken ruwa ba. Ana ciyar da soya tare da cyclops, artemia, da kuma magudanar jini sau biyu a rana, kuma bayan watanni uku sun canza zuwa abincin kifi na manya.
Duk da halayen tashin hankali, piranhas halittu ne masu ban mamaki da ban sha'awa wanda za'a iya kallo na sa'o'i. Godiya ga irinta da rashin fahimtarsa, mutane da yawa sun ƙaunaci dabbobin gida, kuma yanzu akwatin kifaye tare da piranhas abu ne na kowa da kowa. Babban abu shine kar a manta kula da kifin, da bin ka'idodin aminci.
Piranha Halin
Piranha na gidan Characion ne, tsari ne na cyprinids. Yana zaune a cikin ingantaccen ruwan Kudancin Amurka. Tana da nau'ikan halittu da yawa, waɗanda suka fi shahara kuma sanannensu shine piranha na kowa, kuma shine mai birgima.
Piranha ba zai iya yin alfahari da fitattun bayanan waje - ba girman girma ba, ko launuka masu kyau. Kuma za ta wuce ga wani kifi mara fahimta, idan ba don martabarta ba, wanda aka tabbatar da shi ta hanyar jaws. Babbar bakin, tsokoki mai muƙamuƙi, mai kaifi kamar haƙorin raƙumi tare da lanƙwasa bayyananniyar baya, ɓarke ƙananan muƙamuƙi - ingantaccen kayan aiki don kisa da hanyar tsira a cikin daji.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Piranha ya sami matsakaicin adadin launinsa yayin balaga. A cikin mazaunin halitta, tsawon piranha da wuya ya wuce 30 cm, a cikin akwatin kifaye - 20 cm.
Yanayin rayuwar piranha yana faruwa ne saboda dabarar kai hari ga wanda aka azabtar - duka a cikin taron mutane. Tsinkayen kowane guda, tare da waɗannan kifayen suna da ban tsoro da jinƙai. Sabili da haka yana da matukar mamaki a lura da halayen su na firgici a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye. Tare da motsi kwatsam yayin kamawa ko jigilar kaya, wannan kifin nan da nan ya kwanta a ƙarƙashin akwatin kifaye.
Nau'in Piranha
Don kiyayewa a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, yawanci suna zaɓar talakawa / jigon jigon baƙin wuta. Amma a cikin jerin jerin akwatin kifaye akwai ƙarin ƙarin nau'ikan piranha 6.
- Lunar / metinnis.
- Dwarf.
- Slender.
- Ja herbivore pacu.
- Tace.
- Red-fin mile / mileus wata.
Abubuwan halayyar dabbobi
- Mileus wata ko fin milemouth - irin herbivore piranha. Yana daya daga cikin kyawawan halaye. Rashin daidaituwa a cikin kulawa da kulawa, wannan nau'in ya fi dacewa da masana kimiyyar cikin ruwa.
- Ja jan - yayi girma cikin hanzari kuma yana iya wadatar da abincin shuka, ban da lokacin shakatawa. Ba mai haɗari bane, saboda ba shi da haƙoran haƙoran-ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Metinnis na gama gari ko na Lunar, ko kuma kifin madubi yana da suna kamar kyakkyawan aboki.
- Dwarf da tutar piranha - An ba da shawarar ga masu farawa aquarists, saboda suna iya yin tsayayya da ƙananan kurakurai a cikin kulawa da kulawa, kuma ba a kuma lura da ƙara yawan tsokanar zalunci ba.
Silender piranha - na bukatar ingantaccen tsarin aiki da gogewar gwanin ruwa.
Siyan piranha - tukwici, farashi
Piranha kifin kifin ruwa ne mai ɗanɗano kuma mai tsada, sabili da haka, masana basu bayar da shawarar siyan wannan exarfin tsinkayen a cikin hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa ba. Fifiko na musamman ne ga shagunan kwararru da kuma masu neman taimakon ruwa.
Lokacin sayen koda lafiyayyen mutum mai cikakken lafiya, dole ne a sanya shi a cikin akwatin kifaye na mako guda. Bayan wannan kawai, idan kifin bai lura da alamun damuwa ba, ana iya tura shi zuwa wurin zama na dindindin.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin zabar kifi don siye, ya kamata ka lura da halayenta, duba yanayin don rashi rashin kumburi mara kyau da ƙyallen a jiki, ƙyallen fata, m, murfin girgije, lalacewar sikeli. Kifi yakamata ya sami ci, musamman mai ƙanshi kamar piranha. Yi aiki kuma kada ku sami daidaituwa don motsi.
Sabili da haka, don kimanta halin da ake ciki tare da matsayin sayan, tsarin siye dole ne ya kasance tare da isar da kai. Lokacin da aka aiko da saƙo, bashi yiwuwa a kimanta lafiyar dabbobi, ko ganin yanayin kiyayewa a daidai lokacin sayarwa.
Kudin piranha ya dogara da nau'in da shekaru. Yawancin lokaci, ɗayan mutum yana biyan 1,500 - 3,000 rubles. Kawai kawai samfurori ne masu yawan gaske sun fi tsada. A cikin waɗannan halayen, farashin zai iya kaiwa da dama dubu rubles don kifi mai ƙanshi sosai.
Piranha Nutterera - abun ciki da haifuwa.
Sunan kimiyya: Pygocentrus nattereri (Piranha Nutterera).
Wasu sunaye: Piranha na kowa, Red Piranha ko Red Bellied Piranha.
Matakan Kulawa da Piranha: Matsakaici.
Girma: har zuwa 30cm (inci 12).
Darajar PH: 6-7.5.
Zazzabi: daga 23 0 C zuwa 28 0 C (daga 73 0 F zuwa 82 0 F).
Nessarfin Ruwa: daga 10 0 zuwa 20 0 dH.
Rayuwa na Piranha Ordinary: Shekaru 8-10.
Asalin Piranha Nutterera: Ta Kudu Ta Kudu.
Temperament Piranha / Halayyar: kifin mai kwanciyar hankali - wargi! Wannan kifi ne mai matukar tayar da hankali kuma mai haɗari sosai. An ajiye su cikin fakitoci a manyan akwatunan ruwa. Da sauri suna ma'amala da ƙanana da manyan kifi (musamman idan suna jin yunwa). Bayan ya ɗan ɗanɗano ɗan ƙaramin ɗan kifin (har ma da annabta), Piranhas tabbas zai magance shi.
Kiwo Piranha Nutterera: yana da matukar wahala. Piranhas na Nutterra ya zama balaga ta hanyar jima'i a shekaru 1.5 tare da tsawonsa ya kai 15cm. Idan an kama piranhas a cikin daji, to da wuya su ke kiwo cikin bauta. Su spawning ne kara kuzari da allura (pituitary) da kuma m yawa na abinci iri daban-daban. Idan Piranhas ya yi girma a cikin akwatin kifaye, to, ba a buƙaci sosai don kiwo su ba. Spawning baya dogaro da lokacin shekara, kuma bayan lokacin farko, abubuwan da ke biyo bayan yanayin da suka dace suna faruwa kusan kowanne wata 1-2.
Don ƙirƙirar Piranhas na Nutterra kuna buƙatar babban filin ƙasa (daga 300l), a cikin akwai ƙasa mai girma da manyan tsire-tsire (iyo). Tsarin ruwa a ciki ya zama kamar haka: pH 6 (acidity), dH har zuwa 6 0 (tauri), t 0 = 27-28 0 C (zazzabi). Ka tuna cewa nasarar kiwo waɗannan kifayen ya dogara da bin duk abubuwan da aka ambata a sama.
An garken tumatir na Piranhas mai farin jini a cikin kwandon da aka shirya. Ya kamata a sami ƙarin maza yayin tsiyaye fiye da mace. A wani wurin buɗewa, namiji ya gina gida a cikin hanyar rami, tare da diamita kusan 20 cm. Nan kusa tsire-tsire suna nan kusa. Caviar amai yakan fara da safe. Mace ta saki ƙwai da yawa (da yawa dubu), bayan wannan namiji ya rufe su da ƙasa. A lokaci-lokaci yana iyo akan masarar, ba tare da bata lokaci ba, don haka ya haifar da kwarara. Wannan yana bawa damar caviar kada ya sha wahala.
Piranhas na Nutterera soya yana bayyana kwanaki 2-4 bayan tsallakewa, da iyo iyo don neman abinci a cikin wani mako. Kowace rana namiji yakan kula da caviar ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma da zarar faranti ya fara iyo, sai ya daina kulawa da su. Feshi mai yatsa na Piranhas, sabanin sauran characins, suna da yawa sosai, sabili da haka, an basu abinci da ruwan artemia nauplii. Suna girma da sauri sosai, don haka bayan fewan kwanaki suna buƙatar bayar da yankakken tubule, kuma bayan mako guda - gaba ɗaya. Yanke jatan lande, nama da kifi Piranhas sun fara abinci tun watanni uku da haihuwa. A wannan lokacin, ƙushinsu ya zama mai launin ja da ƙananan muƙamuƙi zai fara aiki da kyau.
Ka tuna cewa soyayyen Piranhas Nutterera suna nuna hamayya ga juna, don haka dole ne a dasa su a cikin ruwa daban-daban, ana yanka su da girman.
Girman akwatin kifaye: m 250l. Har ila yau, matasa a cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi ana iya kiyaye su a cikin akwatin ruwa 50l, amma ku lura cewa za su girma cikin sauri a cikin manyan kifaye. Idan kun adana su a cikin karamin akwatin kifaye, sau da yawa za ku kula da shi (yin canje-canje ruwa, tsaftace ƙasa, da dai sauransu) kuma ku riƙa kula da ingancin ruwan.
Yarda da Piranhas: babu isasshen kifin da zai dace da shi. An kiyaye su da sauran Piranhas.
Ciyar da Piranhas: Suna da iko koina, amma sun fi son abinci na rayuwa, saboda haka ciyar da su na da tsada. Yawancin masaniyar cikin ruwa suna koyar da piranhas wa hatsi da granules (tushen abincin), ana bayar da abinci don zama mai ƙari.
Yanki: tsakiyar akwatin kifaye.
Piranha Nutterera na Jima'i: da wuya a ƙayyade, amma mace na iya zama ya fi girma kuma suna da launin launin rawaya. Wasu shaidun ma sun nuna cewa mace na iya zama duhu yayin fitsari.
Iyali - piranha, suborder - haracin.
Farashi: Zaku iya siyan Nutterera Piranha ko Pi-silsi mai ja da baya akan $ 7-15.
Kayan kwalliyar, kayan aiki
Don nasarar nasarar tanadin piranha, yana da buqatar yin la’akari da halayen halittunsa kuma, a cewarsu, samar da shi yanayin rayuwa mai gamsarwa.
- Akwatin kifayen fili.
Ana lasafta girman gwargwadon yanayin - lita 10 na ruwa ga kowane 3 cm na tsawon jikin kifin. Ya bayyana cewa ga mutane biyu ana buƙatar akwatin ruwa na lita 150, garken matasa 5-8 piranhas yana buƙatar mai lita 200. Ga babban kamfanin kamfanin, akwatin ruwa na 300-500 lita ya riga ya so.
Wannan ba whim ko jin daɗi bane, amma buƙatar gaggawa ne ya haifar da yanayin zafin wannan kifin. Smalleraramin piranha na wani wuri, fushin da yake. - Adadin matsuguni masu yawa.
Ga duk zafin ta, piranha kifi mai jin kunya. Tana buƙatar ɓoye wurare - busasshen itace, gidaje, kogon dutse, duwatsu, inda zata iya ɓoyewa game da hasashe ko kuma haɗari na gaske.
Tsirrai, masu rai ko na wucin gadi, ana kuma buƙatar su a cikin akwatin kifaye. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka su ne da yawa kuma a tare da duka kewaye.
Garkuwa da tsire-tsire suna mamaye 2/3 na jimlar ƙwayar piranha. - Tace mai qarfi.
Saboda gaskiyar maganarta, piranha tana samar da ɓata da yawa. Don kada su tara a cikin ruwa kuma kada kuyi shi da guba, kuna buƙatar tsaftataccen tsabtatawa mai ƙarfi. - Kyakkyawan damfara.
Don kwanciyar hankali, piranha yana buƙatar tsabtataccen ruwan oxygen. Amintaccen kwampreso ne ba makawa. - Mai hita ruwa da ma'aunin zafi.
Piranha mazaunin ƙasashe masu ɗumi ne da ruwa mai ɗumi. Tana cikin kwanciyar hankali ne kawai lokacin da ruwan yake da zazzabi aƙalla 23. Idan kuna son wannan kifin kuyi tunani game da haihuwar, to dole ne a sanya zafin jiki ko da mai zafi - digiri 26.
Yaya piranhas yayi kama?
Ba a taɓa yin fim guda ɗaya ba game da yadda kifin jini yake tare da dabbobi masu shayarwa, ko ma mutane, tare da saurin walƙiya. Ichthyologists, duk da haka, sunyi jayayya cewa yanayin tsinkayen waɗannan mazaunan ruwa na Kudancin Amurka na dangin Kharatsin yana da ɗan ƙara. Kifin kifin piranha na iya zama mai cikakken zaman lafiya, yana kama da danginsa na daji kawai a cikin bayyanar. A cikin bauta, suna kallo da halayen kamar haka:
- Tsayin jikin mutum kusan cm 20. samfurori marasa nauyi a cikin bauta sun girma har zuwa 25 cm.
- Lowerarancin muƙamuƙi mai ƙarfi, wanda aka sanye da manyan haƙoran haƙora, yana motsawa gaba, yana fallasa "makamin" kifin.
- Sikeli musamman suna da inuwa na ƙarfe waɗanda ke gudana cikin ja daidai akan ciki, makogwaro kuma kusa da fin fin.
- Kawai, kifayen suna jin kunyar, suna ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa ko kwance ƙasa kaɗan da ƙarancin tuhuma na haɗari.
- Ana yawo a cikin garken mutane 10, maharbanta sun zama masu daɗi. Zasu iya shirya fada a tsakaninsu. Sau da yawa ana gano wani mai rinjaye. A cikin daji, suna zaune a garken kifaye 20, suna farauta tare.
Yawan piranhas suna zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye?
Lokacin sayen sayan dabbobin gida, yawancin masu sha'awar akwatin kifaye basu san yawan piranhas suna zaune a gida a cikin akwatin kifaye ba. Bayan haka, sun fara ci gaba da kifaye a cikin bauta kawai kusan rabin ƙarni da suka gabata. Expertswararrun ƙwararrun masana sun ce tare da kulawa da kulawa da ta dace, zaku iya mamakin baƙi tare da kifayen da ba a saba gani ba kimanin shekaru 10-15. Wasu dabbobin gida suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 17-18, kodayake wannan shine mafi kusantar da dokar. Mafi dadewa da aka yiwa rajista tsawon shekaru shine bisa hukuma tsawon shekaru 28 saboda nau'in jan kaya.
Yadda ake ciyar da piranha
Piranha ba shi da ma'anar abinci, amma wannan baya nufin ana iya ciyar da su fiye da komai ba. Akwai dokoki da iyakoki. Ga masu farawa, yana da daraja yanke shawara irin nau'in piranha da kuke da shi - carnivorous ko mai cin ganyayyaki kawai.
Don ciyarwa, kuna buƙatar zaɓi karamin bude yankin a cikin akwatin kifaye. Kuma tsananin tsayar da tsarin ciyarwa - lokaci 1 a rana, na mintuna biyu. Idan a wannan lokacin abincin ba a tsince shi ba, yakamata a cire sharan kai tsaye daga akwatin kifaye. Anyi wannan ne domin hana gurbacewar ruwa, saboda sanannen peranuli na piranha: baya tattara abinci daga kasan akwatin kifaye.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Piranha yayi watsi da abinci kaɗan. Girmanta ya zama ya zama gwargwadon jajayen su.
Piranhas ƙauna iri-iri. Don samar da su, dole ne ku tanadi kayan abinci daban-daban: ƙananan kifin teku, ƙananan kifin, naman alade, dunƙun huhu, huhun jini, tadpoles, frogs, sabo kayan lambu - zucchini, dankali, alayyafo, karas.
Dangane da naman dabbobi masu shayarwa, saboda yanayin rayuwarsa, piranha zai ci shi, amma masana basu bayar da shawarar amfani da irin wannan abincin ba saboda dalilai uku.
- Yawan nama a cikin abincin yana haifar da kiba a cikin kifi.
- Narkewar ya karye kuma launin kifin ya ɓace.
- Ruwan gurbataccen ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Piranha mai lafiya yana da abinci mai kyau. A ranar da ta ci abinci da abinci daidai da nauyinta.
Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci - sau 2-4 a wata, piranha masara da bukatan shirya ranakun azumi - kayan lambu domin kada ya sami kitse.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Suna adana lokaci kuma sun tabbatar da cewa su abinci ne mai kyau ga piranha. Suna da daidaitaccen abun da ke ciki, akwai bitamin da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci don kifi.
Kula da tsabta, matakan kiyayewa
Piranha yana da sauƙi don kulawa. Amma akwai abubuwa 3 wadanda mai binciken ruwa dole ne ya zama dole kuma a kai a kai idan yana son magabatan su kasance lafiya da farin ciki.
- Ka tsabtace ruwan.
- Don yin wannan, sau ɗaya a mako, 10% na yawan ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ana maye gurbinsu. Ana aiwatar da canjin ruwa yadda yakamata domin hana canza canji cikin yanayin rayuwar kifaye. In ba haka ba, magabatan jini na iya zama cikin damuwa.
- Saka idanu da abun da ke ciki na ruwa.
- Ana buƙatar gwajin ruwa na yau da kullun. Sau 1-2 a sati ana auna ruwa na ammoniya. Yawan acidity ya zama 6 - 7, tsauri - 6-15.
- Kula da zafin jiki na ruwa.
- Tsawon lokaci a cikin ruwan sanyi na iya kashe piranha. Yanayin ruwansa shine digiri 25-27.
Akwai wani yanayin da piranha yake da mahimmanci - kamfanin. Wannan makarantar kifi ce. Tana jin kadaici. Ba tare da shirya ba, ta zama mai yawan kunya kuma tana ci gaba sosai.
Mahimmanci! Masana sun ba da shawarar fara cika akwatin kifaye tare da kifayen 3-5 na iri ɗaya da girman - saboda manyan su ba sa cin ƙananan, suna kuskure su don abinci.
Duk da ka'idoji masu sauƙi don kulawa da kiyayewa ta piranhas, mutum bai kamata ya manta cewa waɗannan sune ƙaddarawar ba. Haka kuma, mafi girman zalunci da zubar da jini na kifin ruwa mai rai suna rayuwa ne a duniya.
Akwai mahimman fa'idoji 4 don kiyaye piranhas a gida.
- Ba za ku iya sanya akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarancin piranhas ba, musamman idan akwai ƙananan yara a gidan.
- Lokacin amfani da akwatin kifayen tare da bakunan hannu, yana da mahimmanci cewa babu raunuka ko yanke akan fata.
- Ba za ku iya koran garken kwanon rufi a cikin kusurwa ba. Wannan yana tsokane su zuwa zalunci.
- A mafi yawan m da hatsari piranhas a lokacin spawning. Yi aiki a wannan lokacin tare da taka tsantsan, ta amfani da raga na waya mai laushi tare da iyawa mai tsawo.
Lafiya, Cuta, da Rigakafin
Babban matsalolin kiwon lafiya a cikin piranhas, kamar yadda a cikin sauran kifin akwatin kifaye, ke tashi saboda yanayin rashin daidaituwa - ruwa mara kyau, karamin akwatin kifayen da maƙwabta masu tayar da hankali. Piranha yana da fasalin farfadowa na fatar fata da ƙwanƙwaransu. Idan lalace, sun sami damar murmurewa da kyau.
Alamar areararrawa shine raguwa a cikin aikin kifi, cin zarafin murfinsu, rauni, da ƙin abinci. A wannan yanayin, abu na farko da yakamata ayi shine a duba zazzabi ruwan da abun da ya kunsa - akan NH4, NO2, NO3. Idan alamu sun yi yawa sosai, dawo da su al'ada, duba kuma tsaftace matatun, ƙara haɓaka ruwan, maye gurbin wani ɓangaren ruwan da ruwa mai tsafta.
Kulawar Baby
An sake buɗe Malkov a cikin akwatin kifayen "yara". Yi wannan ta amfani da net tare da dogon hannu, guje wa hulɗa tare da mahaifa mai saurin fushi. A soya ku ci lafiya. Da farko, ana basu cyclops, artemia da yankakken tubule. Yi shi sau 2 a rana. A watanni uku, an canza soya zuwa abincin da ya girma, gami da nama.
Mahimmanci! Yawancin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin abincin piranha soya ne yalwatacce tare da haɓaka rasa haihuwa. Saboda haka, menu nasu ya ƙunshi nama kawai kwata.
A soya girma da sauri. Lokacin da suke wata ɗaya, tare da abinci mai kyau, mai daidaita, suna da jiki 2 cm tsayi.
Iri piranhas na akwatin kifaye
Iyalin waɗannan kifayen suna da kusan janare 16 da kuma nau'ikan sama da 100. Yawancinsu zasu iya rayuwa ne kawai a cikin daji, sabo ne ko kuma ruwan gishiri na Kudancin Amurka. Dukkanin nau'ikan gidaje za'a iya kasu kashi biyu manya:
- Tsarkaka jinsunan da za su iya rayuwa a cikin yanki dabam ko kuma a kusa da babban kifi waɗanda ba za su kasance masu haɗari ba. Waɗannan suna iya zama, alal misali, babban kifi.
- Herbivore Kifayen Piranha a cikin akwatin kifayen ba cutarwa gaba daya, saboda zai iya lalata ciyayi da sauri. Amma yana iya zama tare da wasu wakilan fauna, alal misali, mashaya shark.
Akwatin kifaye na piranhas
Ana son zama a cikin dabbobin, yana da daraja a zaɓi dabbobin gida ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan:
- Piranha tutar kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye ba ya girma sama da 14 cm kuma yana da ƙwalƙwalwar katako mai rauni. Launi tare da azurfa mai launin shuɗi da kore, a kan jimlolin akwai halayen jan daidai. Kuna iya gane tutar piranha a cikin akwatin kifaye ta wutsiyar nin. Wannan karamin dabbar yana da yanayin ɗabi'a mai tsinkaye. Fisharancin kifi zai zama ganima a gare ta, kuma a cikin manyan nau'in, dabbar tana iya samun sikeli da ƙusoshin.
- Slender iri-iri ya sami sunan ta saboda jikin elongated har tsawon 35 cm. Ana iya sanin sa da launi na azurfa tare da ƙananan alamomin hannu da kuma kan iyaka na baki a wutsiya, jan ciki. Halin yana da matukar m, kulawa mai yiwuwa.
- Natterera. An yi wa jinsunan suna ne bayan masanin kimiyar Australia Johann Nutterer. Kifi a ƙuruciya yana da kyakkyawan launi mai launin shuɗi-mai shuɗi tare da ventral ja da ƙashin hauka. Mace sun ɗan girma fiye da maza.
Herbivorous piranha a cikin akwatin kifaye
Tunani da camfin gama gari, piranhas a cikin akwatin kifaye na iya samun kwanciyar hankali, tare da sauran kifayen tare da cin ciyawar kawai. Waɗannan nau'ikan sun haɗa da:
- Kafe launin fata. Masu suna don launin toka, baki ko launin ruwan kasa. Kifi yana da haƙoran haƙora, wanda ke kama abin da ke ci daga ciki, har da ɓoye abubuwa. Mutane da yawa mutane ne yawanci herbivorous, amma ana yawanci ana tsare su kadai a cikin aquariums.
- Lunar metinnis - babban daskararren kifin mai launin fata tare da jan tabo a jikin gwal. Yana girma zuwa 25 cm a tsawon. Tare da nishaɗi yana jin daɗin letas da kabeji.
- Ja jan. Yawancin suna da sunaye da yawa: jan-bellied ko jan-breasted pacu, mai cin ganyayyaki kawai ko launuka biyu mai launi. Ya haɗu zuwa cm 60. Za a iya samun tare da wasu kifin girmanta ko rayuwa ita kaɗai.
- Mileus Redfin. Azumbar akwatin kifin herbivore piranha kifi mai haske tare da toron gilashi mai haske da wutsiya translucent. Zai iya samun aibobi masu launin zinare a jiki. Yana da nutsuwa kuma yana samun daidaito tare da sauran wakilan taron kula da ruwa.
Piranha a cikin akwatin kifaye - abinda ke ciki
Ba kowane mai farawa bane ko ma ɗan ƙwararren masanin ruwa a cikin ruwa wanda zai iya amfani da piranhas ɗin akwatin kifaye, abun da ke buƙatar ilimin sa da kuma kuɗaɗen kashe kuɗi. Suna buƙatar tsarin da ya dace na mazaunin, yankin da abinci mai inganci. Bugu da kari, yana da daraja la'akari da yawan farashin piranha don akwatin kifaye. Ya danganta da nau'in, shekaru da girman, farashin kifin guda ɗaya na iya bambanta daga $ 6 zuwa 50 da sama.
Don ba da mazaunin za ku buƙaci:
- Aquarium na ƙarar da ake buƙata, wanda aka ƙididdige shi akan yawan da girman mazauna nan gaba.
- Tace mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don ruwa, saboda magabatan sun bar sharar gida. A kowane mako, yana da muhimmanci a sauya ruwan da misalin kashi ɗaya bisa uku zuwa rubu'in.
- Compressor don cika ruwa tare da oxygen.
- Heater da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio don kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa da misalin + 23 ℃. Tare da ruwan sanyi, kifin zai sami jin daɗi har ma ya mutu.
Piranha akwatin kifaye
Abubuwan da suka dace na piranhas a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida suna ba da shawarar zaɓin damar iya aiki:
- Yana da mahimmanci a kula da zaɓi na ƙarar da ake so. Wasu masana sun ba da shawarar siyayyar matattarar lita 150 don matasa biyu. Ga kowane mai farautaccen ɗan farauta, gwargwadon girman, ya kamata ya zama kimanin lita 120. Ofarar akwatin akwatin kifaye kai tsaye yana shafar halayen piranhas - ƙanƙanuwa ne, fushin da suke.
- A cikin mazaunin kanta, ya zama dole don gina mafaka da wuraren ɓoye. Su da tsire-tsire suna yin 2/3 na yankin tanki. Tabbas, a cikin kogo, har ma da irin wannan azzalumar da ke da yanayin tsoro zata ɓoye daga munanan sautikan. An dasa ciyayi da yawa a ƙasan, kama da wanda ke tsiro a cikin tafukan mazaunan mazauninsu. Misali, Javanese moss, fern, cinema, anubias.
Piranha a cikin akwatin kifaye - kulawa
Don tabbatar da inganci da tsawon rayuwa na dabbobi masu alaƙa, abubuwan da piranhas a cikin akwatin kifaye dole su bi ka'idodi masu kyau:
- Kula da yawan zafin jiki mai kyau a cikin kewayon +22. 27 ℃
- Bibiyar acidity (6.5-7 Ph) da tauri (4-15 dGh).
- Createirƙiri hasken matsakaici. Zai fi kyau sanya akwatin kifayen ba kusa da 1.5 m daga taga kuma amfani da fitilu na musamman.
- Canza daga 20 zuwa 50% na ruwa a mako. Wasu masu ruwayen ruwa suna maye gurbin kusan 10% na ƙara a kullun, har ma da kyakkyawan tace.
- Piranhas na kayan kwalliya a cikin akwatin kifaye yakamata su sami kashi ɗaya na abincin yau da kullun.
Aquarium piranha cututtuka
Kamar kowane tsabtataccen ruwa da kifin ruwan gishiri, piranhas a cikin akwatin kifaye na iya rashin lafiya saboda yawan dalilai daban-daban, waɗanda aka fi dacewa ga ƙwararrun don tantance:
- Mai tsananin wahala da maƙwabta masu tayar da hankali.
- Rashin bin ka'idodin tsare-tsare: rami mai laushi, ƙarancin wari ko matakin haske.
- Nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta na nitrates, nitrites da ammonia, don ƙudurin wanda akwai gwaji na musamman da aka sayar a cikin shagunan musamman.
- Shigarwa ta hanyar parasites, kamar ichthyophthyroidism, oodinosis, boneosis.