Babban gizon Malagasy ba bera bane na yau da kullun kuma yana da ɗan daidaita da dangi. Kasancewa ta keɓance a tsibirin Madagascar, ba ta canza komai kwatankwacin tarihin juyin halitta ba.
Babban gizon Malagasy (Hypogeomys antimena).
Wannan sandar chubby ita ce mafi girma a Madagascar kuma tayi kama da zomo. Tsawon jikinsa shine 30 - 35 cm, tsawon wutsiya shine 21-25 cm, tsawon kunnun da aka nuna shine 5-6 cm.
Ratan itacen girma na Malagasy yana nauyin kilogram 1-1.5.
Don wasu ananan halittun da ba a saba gani ba, an yiwa dabbar lakabi da bera. Bayan haka, sabanin wannan sunan gama gari, berayen sukanyi tsalle, idan sun kubuta daga mafarautan. Sannan dabbar ta sanya katuwar tsalle sama da tsayi 1.
Dye da gajeren Jawo mai launin shuɗi-baki har ma da launin shuɗi mai kan kai da baya. Yatsun kafa da sauran jikinsu fari. Wutsiya tana duhu tare da gajeren gashi, mai kauri.
Yaduwar babban gizon Malagasy
Ana samun manyan berayen Malagasy a gabar yamma da gabar Madagascar. Mahalli wanda ya dace tsakanin yankin yana da tazarar kilomita 40 arewa da birnin Morondava a Kirindy.
Gangaren Malagasy, shi kuma vaulavo ne.
Malagasy giant hayar rayuwa
Giant ɗin Malagasy yana zaune cikin burrows, wanda yawanci yana ƙunshe da hanyar sadarwa na kantuna, kowannensu yana da nisan kusan sentimita 45 da mita 5 a tsayinsa, wanda yake a nisan kusan mita 1. Familyungiyar iyali da ta ƙunshi nau'i biyu na dabbobi da zuriyarsu, waɗanda mata suke wakilta, suna zama a cikin irin wannan tsari.
Vaolavo babban dabbobi ne masu shayarwa.
Iyalin suna zaune ne a wani yanki na kadada uku zuwa hudu. Amma a lokacin bazara tare da karancin abinci, yankin yana faɗaɗawa. Ana iya sarrafa shinge sosai tare da alamta shi da fitsari, feces da glandon gland. Burrows an yi niyya ba kawai don kiwo ba, har ma don kariya daga masu farauta, sanyi, ruwan sama mai nauyi, don baccin rana.
Madagascar giant hamster ta mallaki gida iri ɗaya a tsibirin kamar zomo na daji.
Nau'i-nau'i nau'i ne na rayuwa, amma idan abokin tarayya ya mutu, wani mutum ya maye gurbinsa cikin fewan kwanaki ko makonni. Manyan berayen Malagasy suna barin ramin su kawai a faɗuwar rana, suna fita shi kaɗai ko kuma a cikin biyun suna neman abinci a cikin zuriyar gandun daji.
Babban Gizon Malagasy yana cin abinci
Babban gizon Malagasy shine herbivore.
Yana ciyarwa akan tsaba, 'ya'yan itaciya, ganye. Digon sama Tushen edible Tushen, tubers na shuke-shuke, peels haushi daga matasa bishiyoyi. Tana cin abinci kamar kumburi, tana riƙe ta a hanun ta tana yankan guntu. A wannan lokacin, bera yana zaune a kan cinyoyinta.
Kiwo Malagasy giant bera
A cikin daji, manyan berayen Malagasy sun fara farawa a farkon lokacin damana a ƙarshen Nuwamba da farkon Disamba. Matar na ɗaukar zuriya 102 - kwanaki 138.
Madagascar giant hamster yana da iyakataccen yanki na rarraba.
Yawancin lokaci tana haihuwar cubaya ko biyu waɗanda suka kasance tare da iyayensu har zuwa wani lokaci daban dangane da jinsi: daga shekaru biyu zuwa uku na mace kuma daga shekara 1 zuwa 2 ga samari. Offspringa offspringan baya barin ramin lokacin makonnin 4-6 na farkon.
Matasa maza masu balaga sun sami damar yin haifuwa tun yana ɗan shekara 1 kuma suna da nasu kaidi.
Mata suna zama tare da iyayensu har tsawon lokacin da zasu balaga, sannan su bar iyayensu. Suna da damar kare zuriyarsu daga mafarautan, wanda hakan ke kara yiwuwar rayuwa. A cikin bauta, rodents suna rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 5.
Dalilan raguwar adadin adadin girman giwayen Malagasy
Kamar yawancin nau'ikan halittar Madagascar, manyan giwayen Malagasy suna cikin haɗari saboda asarar mazauna, lalacewar muhalli, tsinkaya da gasa tare da nau'ikan da aka shigo da su.
Iyakar nau'in halittar Hypogeomys.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an aiwatar da dokar hana fita gawayi a cikin dazuzzukan Madagascar, kuma an sami' yanci game da shuka ko kuma wuraren kiwo. Duk wannan ayyukan yana da mummunan sakamako, sakamakon abin da yasa kurmin ya zama katako mai dausayi wanda bai dace da mazaunin tsanyen berayen Malagasy ba.
Dabbobi suna ciyar da farko akan 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka faɗi.
Wadannan dabbobin suna fama da wahalar mutane a wasu gandun daji wadanda mazauna yankin ke amfani da su wurin girka itacen wuta, zuma, tono albarkatu masu tushe, farauta da lemurs. Karewar Kare shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ruguza ragowar berayen Malagasy.
Matsayin Ma'aikatar Kula da Malagasy Giant
Antanyen berayen Malagasy suna cikin jerin IUCN Red of Spe Speangered Species.
Adadin dabbobi masu yawan gaske ana kiyasta kusan mutane 11,000. A cewar Cibiyar Kula da Dabbobin Kaya ta Trust, a halin yanzu asarar gida da hasara, manya-manyan berayen zasu bace cikin daji cikin kimanin shekaru 24.
Asusun Kula da Kayan Lambobin daji na Darrell a halin yanzu yana aiki tare da gwamnatin Malagasy ta gida don hana faruwar hakan. Kafuwar ta bullo da wani babban tsari game da kiwo don dawo da yawan wannan nau'in. Zoos na duniya ya shiga cikin ceton jinsin ta hanyar kiwata berayen da ke bauta.
A cikin gandun daji na budurwa mai yawan gaske, tana yin kabari mai tsawo.
Berayen berayen Malagasy suna zaune a cikin sanannen zoo a tsibirin Jersey, a cikin Prague Zoo, a cikin wasu zakarun dabbobi ashirin. Wannan babban dansandan yana bukatar da za'a maido dashi cikin lambobi, rayuwarsa ba ta da tabbas sosai. A Madagascar, ana ci gaba da aiki don samar da nau'o'in berayen Malagasy masu aikin bauta. Don kare bambancin tsibirin amma yana raguwa da hanzari iri-iri, gwamnatin Madagascar tana haɓaka yankin da take da kariya.
Voalawo - Hypogeomys antimena - yayi kama da zomaye tare da wutsiyoyi masu tsayi.
A ranar 28 ga Maris, 2006, Ministan muhalli, ruwa da gandun daji sun rattaba hannu kan wata doka ta bayar da kadada hekta dubu 125 na gandun daji na Menabe na wucin gadi. Wannan shine matakin farko don ƙirƙirar yanki mai kariya. Wataƙila matakan da aka ɗauka zasu taimaka wajen kawar da ƙwararrun berayen Malagasy.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Kiwo
Fiye da mutane, basu da saki, suna kafa ma'aurata kuma suna zama tare "har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsu" - tsammanin rayuwa na shekaru 5. Amma idan ɗayan abokin tarayya ya mutu da wuri, yana da sauri, a cikin fewan kwanaki, a sauya shi da ɗan bera. Mata a cikin Nuwamba-Disamba kuma bayan kimanin watanni 4, ana haihuwar 'ya'yan 1-2. Maza za su rayu tsawon shekaru 1-2 dangane da mahaifiya da babban fayil, kuma mata za su yi rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 3.
Wadannan berayen cute suna ƙarƙashin kariyar kungiyoyi daban-daban na muhalli da tushe. Sun kusan rasa mazauninsu na asali. Ana sare gandun daji a Madagascar don girbi mai, in kiwo dabbobi da kuma ƙara wuraren da aka shuka.
Girman mazaunin manyan berayen da ke tsibirin yana da nisan mil 20 kawai.
Saboda haka, wasu wuraren kiwon dabbobi na duniya sun dauki aniyar kiyaye wannan nau'in berayen kuma suna ƙoƙarin haifar da su cikin bauta.
Gaskiya # 1: Madagascar ta rabu da Indiya, ba Afirka ba
Shekaru miliyan 135 da suka gabata, Gondwana ya raba ƙasa, ya keɓance sassan India, Madagascar da Antarctica daga Kudancin Amurka da Afirka. A kimanin shekaru miliyan 88 da suka gabata Madagascar ta rabu da Indiya. Saboda kasancewaɗaɗaɗɗen tsibiri a wannan tsibiri, wani tsararren ciyayi da fauna ya tashi.
Gaskiya # 2: Akwai kadan daga Faransa da Gabas ta Tsakiya a cikin al'adar Madagascar
Yanke tsibirin ya kasance tun daga kusan 200 BC. e. har 500 g. e. Mutane sun zo Madagascar ta hanyar ɗaukar kaya daga tsibirin Great Sunda, musamman daga tsibirin Borneo. Sun sare kuma suka kona manyan tukunyar ciyawar daji don suyi tsiro.
Tsakanin ƙarni na 7 zuwa 9, 'yan kasuwar Larabawa suka bayyana a tsibirin. Daga gare su, wani ɓangare na jama'a sun musulunta, rubuce-rubuce, da sauran abubuwan al'adu. Wasu kabilu, kamar musulmai, basa cin naman alade.
A cikin ƙarni X-XI, Baƙi da ke magana da harshen Bantu da ‘yan kasuwar Indiya sun isa Madagascar. Daidai godiya ga karshen, shanu na gida (zebu) da shinkafa sun bayyana a tsibirin.
Daga baya, Austronesians suka isa tsibirin, masu fashin Turai suka zaba ta, Faransawa suka mai da ita mallaka. Daga ƙarshen, jama'ar yankin sun ɗauki ƙaunar baguettes da vanilla.
Gaskiya A'a. 3: Cockroaches hiss a nan, berayen suna haɓaka kusan mita, kuma harma da wani irin shinge.
Game da 90% na kowane nau'in tsire-tsire da dabbobi na Madagascar ana samun su ne kawai a wannan tsibirin.. Saboda wannan, wasu masana ilimin muhalli suna kiransa nahiyar ta takwas. Wasu dabbobi da gaske suna kama da halittu daga wata duniyar. Dabbobi masu ban sha'awa kamar su goma suna zaune anan, kuma irin halittun masu ban tsoro kamar Madagascar karamin hannu (ay-ay), wanda yatsansa na tsakiya ya zaro kwari daga bishiya ya sanya gashi.
Madagascar karamin hannu (ay-ay).
Ba wai kawai macizai kawai a ciki ba, har ma da manyan masu baƙi. Babbar bera, har zuwa tsawon 33 cm tsayi, na iya tsalle sama da santimita 91.
Hakanan anan gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, mace wanda ya kai 12 cm a cikin paw span. Ba a san wanzuwar wannan nau'in ba sai 2000. Matan na asu na zinariya suna saƙa da yanar gizo na zaren zinare fiye da tsawon m 1. Wannan yanar gizo tana da ƙarfi sosai, har ta kai ga tana saƙa da m 3 na masana'anta na gwal, wanda aka adana a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya.
Gaskiya # 4: Maimakon cuku-cuku da masks, mata suna shafe fuskokinsu
Wasu mazauna Madagascar suna amfani da launuka masu launi na fari da launin shuɗi a fuskokinsu. Wannan fenti an yi shi ne da haushi na itace kuma ana amfani dashi ba kawai don dalilai na ado ba. Manufarta ita ce kare fata daga rana da kwari, musamman sauro. Hakanan an yi imani cewa irin wannan fenti yana inganta yanayin fatar, wato, yana aiki azaman analog na cream ko mashin fuska.
Gaskiya # 5: Babu 'yan hips, zakuna da raƙuma a tsibirin.
Akwai kuliyoyi masu launin ja, iguanas, boas, da yawa nau'in chameleons da lemurs, da kuma wasu dabbobi na daban. Amma babu penguins, zaki, hippos, zebras da raffs. Hakanan ba zaku ga giwaye ba, dodo, tururuwa, bera, buffalos, birai ko raƙuma anan.
Rashin wadannan dabbobin an yi bayani ne daidai da kasancewar halittu na musamman: warewar tsohuwar tsibiri. Manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kawai sukazo tsibirin suna hip. Yawancin nau'ikan sun samo asali daga garesu, amma suma sun lalace.
Sifaka wani nau'in lemur ne da ke zaune a Madagascar.
Gaskiya # 6: Mazauna Madagascar suna rawa tare da matattu
Wasu kabilun Malagasy (babban adadin ƙasar Madagascar) suna da al'adar gargaji. Sau ɗaya a kowace shekara ta 5-7 suna fitar da dangin mamacin su daga abubuwan da suka faru, suna yin ado da sabon siliki kuma suna rawa tare da su zuwa kiɗan. Hadisin Famadihana shine "Juya kasusuwa" - ya danganta da imani cewa ruhohin magabatan zasu shiga duniyar magabata bayan cikakkiyar sihiri ta jiki da kuma bukukuwan da suka dace.
'Yan uwa daga ko'ina cikin kasar sun zo don gudanar da bikin. A lokacin Famadijana, Malagasy suna da nishaɗi kuma suna ba da hadaya ta mutu: barasa ko kuɗi.
Gaskiya A'a 7: Duk yanke shawara ana yi ne kawai bayan amincewa da matsafa
A lokacin zabar ranar aure, farkon ginin gidan da duk wasu muhimman abubuwan da suka faru Malagasy tayi kira ga mai sihiri - Umbiashi. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen sanin ko ma'auratan zasu dace, kuma zasu taimaka wajen gudanar da aikin da ake so. Umbiashi kuma masu warkarwa ne, sun san kaddarorin tsire-tsire kuma suna ba da shawarar yadda za a kula da marasa lafiya.
Don duba, masu sihiri suna amfani da kernels na masara ko 'ya'yan itace. Hakanan suna siyar da mascots na kayan lambu da aka bushe, hakoran dabbobi, ko beads gilashi.
Gaskiya A'a. 8: Akwai wani tafkin da ya mutu da dajin dutse a nan.
Yanayin Madagascar sun bambanta, kuma suna canzawa kowane lokaci. A tsibirin za ku iya yawo a cikin daji kuma ku ga baobabs tare da katako mai yawa. A wasu wurare, ƙasa tana samun ja mai laushi saboda abin da ya biyo baya. A saboda wannan dalili Madagascar kuma ana kiranta Great Red Island..
Akwai kuma Lake Tritriva. Suna kiransa ya mutu, domin a cikin sa babu wata halitta mai rai da ke zaune. An yi imanin cewa ba za a iya ketare shi ba. Amma a zahiri, komai abu mai sahihanci ne: tafkin ya ƙunshi sulfur, vapors wanda ba shi da haɗari ga ɗan adam.
Kuma a tsibirin Nosy Be dake kusa, kusa da gabar Tekun Indiya, akwai ingantaccen kallon aljanna - rairayin bakin teku da fararen yashi da itacen dabino.
Ofayan mafi kyawun wurare a Madagascar shine dutse dajiTsinzhi du Bemaraha. Mafi yawan abin ba zai yiwu ba ga mutum ba tare da kayan aiki na musamman ba, don haka har yanzu ba a bincika waɗannan dutsen ba. Tsingji du Bemaraha wuri ne mai dawwama: akwai ciyayi da yawa da kuma dabbobi dabam.
Gaskiya A'a. 9: Haihuwar tagwaye ana ganin rashin tausayi da maita.
Kalmar "fadi" mazauna Madagascar suna nuna tabarbare don wani aiki, hali ko wani abu (dabba, abu na halitta) da ake ɗauka mai tsarki. Saboda abin da mutane da yawa suka fadi, Malagasy ba su sake tunawa ba, amma suna girmama al'ada.
Abin sha'awa ne cewa fadi ya bambanta tsakanin kabilu daban-daban a Madagascar. Ko da iyali guda na iya samun nasu fadi. A cikin su akwai duka masu hankali, alal misali, ba yin iyo a cikin tafkin tare da karnuka, kuma baƙon abu: fady don kula da lafiya.
Kuma a kudu maso gabashin tsibirin akwai kabilu waɗanda mata ba za su iya barin 'yan tagwayensu ba. A cikin su, mazauna suna ganin wani abu kamar maita da kuma mummunan masifa. Sabili da haka, an jefa jarirai a cikin gandun daji. Idan matar ba ta kawar da jariran ba, to za a fitar da ita daga ƙauyen. A yanzu an dakatar da wannan al'adar, kodayake wasu al'ummomin gargajiya har yanzu ba sa bin dokar.
Akwai fadi da suka cancanci lura da baƙi. Misali, ba da shawarar a nuna yatsa a kaburburan magabatan ba. Zaka iya nuna masu kawai tare da dunkulen hannu ko kuma tafin hannunka.
Gaskiya # 10: Wasu kabilun suna da tsarin kashin kai
Antemoro yana yin takarda daidai kamar yadda yake yi a ƙarni da suka gabata.
Madagascar tana da yawan gaske a yawan jama'a. A tsibirin akwai kabilu 18. Dukkansu suna da yare na musamman, al'adunsu, kayan adon ƙasa da imani.
Tsarin al'ada na Famadihan da aka bayyana a sama alama ce ta kabilun Merin da Betsileo, yayin da sauran kabilun ke da nasu al'adar. Misalin kabilancin antadra, alal misali, yana da bakin ciki kaɗan, amma a lokaci guda m al'adar: bayan mutuwar mutum, mazauna garin suna cin duk shanun sa suna ƙone gidan. Don haka suna kare kabilansu daga tsananta wa ruhohin kakanninsu.
Rukunin kabilu na musulmai Antemoro, na asalin larabawa, suna da tsarin caste. Mutanen Antemoro har yanzu suna samar da takarda na hannu daga itace na bishiyoyi. A masana'antar ta Antemoro za ku iya ziyarta kyauta kuma har ma ku shiga cikin kera zanen gado da kanku.
Gaskiya A'a. 11: Da yawa basa samun kudi don sayen jarida
Madagascar tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi talauci a duniya. Matsakaicin, Malagasy sami kimanin $ 1 a rana. Kusan kashi 70% daga cikinsu suna fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. A bayyane yake cewa tare da irin wannan matakin samun kudin shiga, har ma da siyan jarida kamar alatu. Sau da yawa, mutane suna kashe kuɗi akan makabarta fiye da gidajensu, suna gina su daga dutse kuma suna ƙara ƙare kayan ado. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mutanen Malagasy suna da wayewar kai na kakanninsu.
Gaskiya No. 12: Madagascar na da rodeo na kanta
The saniya zebu dabba ce mai tsarki ga yawancin mazaunan tsibirin. Ana amfani dashi ba kawai a rayuwar yau da kullun ba, har ma a cikin mahimmanatuna da bikin. Yara maza daga ƙabilar mashaya, kafin neman yarinya ga mace, bisa ga al'ada an tabbatar da ƙarfinsu da ƙarfin hali ta hanyar satar zogin. Yanzu wannan yakan zama babban dalilin rikici.
Amma yafi babban gwaji na jaruntaka, datsewa da kuma karfi ga matasa ya zama fasalin Madagascan na rodeo - savika. Mai ɗaure hannayensa ga tsakar zebu, wannan saurayin yana ƙoƙari ya zauna kan dabba mai fushi har tsawon lokaci.
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Girman gizon Malagasy(Hypogeomys antimena)kuma aka sani da votsota ko votsovotsa, wani ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayar cuta ne wanda aka samo shi kawai a yankin Menabe na Madagascar. Wani nau'in haɗari ne mai haɗari saboda asarar mazauni, jinkirin haifuwa da iyakance iyaka (kilomita 20 a arewa da Murundava, tsakanin kogin Tomitsy da Tsiribihina), Nau'i suna da aure, kuma mata suna haihuwar samari ɗaya ko biyu a shekara. Waɗannan su ne kawai jinsunan data kasance a cikin yanayin. Hypogeomyswani iri-iri Hypogeomys australis, wanda aka sani daga burbushin halittu, ya kasance shekaru dubbai da yawa.
Bayanin jiki
Berayen berayen Malagasy suna da kama da kusanci da zomaye, dukda cewa suna tallafawa fasalulluka-nau'ikan bera musamman a fuska. Maza da mata duka suna girma zuwa kusan girman zomo, kimanin kilogram 1.2 (kimanin kilo 2.6) da nauyin 33 (13 a), kodayake wani 20-25 cm (8-10 cikin) wutsiya mai duhu. Suna da mayafin taushi da ke fitowa daga launin toka har zuwa launin ruwan hoda zuwa launin ruwan hoda, mai duhu a kusa da kai da faduwa zuwa fari a ciki. Hakanan suna da shahararrun, kunnuwa masu kauri da dogon, kafafu na kasusuwa, da aka yi amfani da shi don tsallakewa don guje wa masu farautar. Zasu iya tsallake kusan ƙafa 3 (90 cm) a cikin iska, wanda a wasu lokuta ake kiransu giant tsalle-tsalle.
Sake buguwa da balaga
Namiji mai girman Malagasy ya kai ga balaga cikin jima'i a cikin shekara guda, amma bai yi aure ba har sai sun kai shekaru 1.5 zuwa biyu. A cikin shekaru biyu, babban ɗan berayen Malagasy ya kai ga balaga ta jima'i. Wadannan berayen suna ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan beraye don yin auren mace ɗaya. Da zarar an haɗu, ma'auratan za su zauna tare har ɗayansu ta mutu. Bayan mutuwar mataimaki, mata sukan zauna a cikin rami har sai an sami sabon mutum. Yayin da maza yawanci suke jira sabon mata, su kuma wasu lokuta sukan koma su zauna tare da matar da mijinta ya mutu. Mata sun haifi aa singlea guda bayan haihuwar ranakun kwanaki 102 zuwa 138 (adadin da aka lura da shi a zaman bauta) sau da yawa a lokacin lokacin kiwo, wanda ya yi daidai da lokacin damina na Madagascar daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu. Iyayen sun haɗu da iyayen biyu, sun rage a cikin ramin iyali don makonni 4-6 na farko, sannan kuma suna ƙara yin bincike da kuma fitar da abinci daga waje. Menan samari suna zama tare da ɓangaren dangi har shekara ɗaya kafin su isa zuwa balaga kuma su bar su sami ramin nasu. Mata ba su balaga a cikin shekaru 2 kuma suna zama tare da iyayensu har zuwa wani ƙarin shekara. Maza suna da matukar kariya daga samartansu. An san su da ƙara haɗarin kansu na tsinkayar don bi ko kare zuriyarsu.
Rayuwa da halaye
Babu tantama, manyan berayen suna rayuwa cikin ɓoye har 5 m (16 ft) tare da kusan ƙofofin 6. Ranofar shiga, har da waɗanda ke amfani da su na yau da kullun, datti da ganyayyaki suna rufe su don raunana tsinkayen maƙeran Malagasy. Wata babbar barazanar tsatsar gargajiya ita ce rami kamar biri, amma ƙara karnukan daji da kuliyoyi da aka gabatar wa abincin tsibirin su ma. Abinci, beraye suna motsawa akan dukkanin hudun, suna neman murfin ciyawar da aka faɗi, ƙwaya, tsaba da ganye. An kuma san su da kwace kwandon daga bishiyoyi da tono tushen da keɓaɓɓe. Ma'aurata suna da yankuna sosai, kuma mahalarta zasu kare yankinsu daga sauran berayen. Suna yiwa yankunansu alamar fitsari, fitar sha'awa, da kuma kamshin glandon ƙanshi.
Kiyayewa da kokarin
An jera berayen katako na Malagasy da ke cikin haɗari. Iyakantaccen iyaka, halakar mazauni, karuwar tsinkaye daga karnukan daji da ba 'yan asalin ba, kuma cutar duk ta haifar da raguwa. Yawancin kuliyoyin feral shima suna ɗauke da wani layin da ake kira toxoplasmosis. Kwayar tana haifar da katako don tsoron tsoron kuliyoyi, a gab da kusan jan hankalin wasu kuliyoyi, wanda hakan zai basu damar kama su da sauki. Hantavirus wani cuta ne na lalata wanda ke lalata jama'a wanda ke haifar da gazawar koda.
Gwamnatin Madagascan ta zartar da dokoki don kare bera. Yawancin yankinsu yanzu shine Kirindy Forest Reserve, inda ake amfani da gandun daji. Sun kuma gabatar da manufofin da ke taimakawa mazaunan tsibirin tare da dabbobin da ke rayuwa a can. Gerald Darrell shine masanin kimiyyar farko da ya fara mallakar berayen. A 1990, ya kawo kwafi biyar zuwa Jersey. Tun daga wannan lokaci aka tsara shirye-shiryen kiwo 16 kuma an samu nasara 12.
Babban gizon Malagasy - mazaunin Madagascar
Gida »Kayan aiki» Bayanan kula » Rana: 03/29/2015 | Ra'ayoyi: 14019 | Tunani: 0
Madagascar - ainihin tsibiri na mu'ujizai. Kuma dabbobi sune farkon waɗanda suka fahimci wannan. Masanan dabbobi suna da'awar cewa Madagascar ta mallake nau'o'in dabbobi masu shayarwa sau biyar sau biyar a duk rayuwarta. Haka kuma, duk "yan mulkin mallaka" sun yi farin ciki da zaɓin su kuma suka ci gaba da kasancewa a tsibirin har abada.
Wani abin kuma shi ne cewa tsawon lokaci, rayuwa a tsibirin ta canza su sama da amincewa, kuma yanzu yana da wuya a faɗi inda, misali, a ina magabatan wuyan hannu ko fssa suka zo Madagascar? Yanzu su 'yan Madagascar ne, kuma hakanan.
Wanene kai? Ni zomo-zomo ne
Amma yayin da mazaunan Madagascar suke jin daɗin rayuwa, aikin gatanci ya sa gaba ga masu binciken dabbobi. Bayan haka, kowane ɗan tsibiri yana buƙatar kama shi, idan aka kwatanta shi da nau'in halittu masu gudana, don tabbatar da cewa bai tsaya kusa da dabbobin da masanan kimiyya suka sani ba, kuma sanya shi sunan kansa, har ma da aji, nau'in halitta da sauran abubuwa masu mahimmanci.
Don haka ne aka haife shinge, lemurs, wyverns da harshe-da-lebe-hamster-break harsuna - a bayyane yake cewa a daidai lokacin da aka gano, masana ilimin dabbobi suna da likitocin dabbobi. Da kyau, kun fahimta, ma'anar an riga an ƙare.
Voalawo, ko babban dutsen madagascar, babban dabbar dabbobi ce mai cikakken ƙarfi wacce ke zaune a yammacin Madagascar. Iyakar nau'in halittar Hypogeomys
Don haka yi ƙoƙarin yin tunanin wane ne yake ɓoye aƙalla a ƙarshen sunan ƙarshen yaudara. Zamu iya fada muku: ana kiransu nezomyids. Har yanzu ba a bayyana ba? Lafiya lau, bari mu bude asirin. Wadannan dabbobin basu da wata alaƙa ta kai tsaye zuwa hares ko hamsters, kuma leɓunansu, a duban farko, suna da kyau, duk da cewa a, suna da dako kuma suna da kama sosai, wasunsu suna kama da hamster, wasu kamar linzamin kwamfuta, wasu kuma kamar linzamin kwamfuta, kuma wasu - ga bera.
Anan kawai babu zomaye a tsakanin su, amma wannan yana kan lamirin masana ilimin dabbobi. A zahiri, dukansu beraye ne, amma tare da irin wannan jerin ƙarancin dangi a girma cewa an kasafta su ga wani ɗangi daban.
Fossa (lat.Cryptoprocta ferox) - dabbobi masu shayarwa daga dangin Madagascar
Mice mai
A cikin wannan dangi, bera mai daskarewa yakan girma santimita biyar a tsayinsa kuma yana da nauyin gram biyar da berayen Gambiya mai tsayi zuwa rabin mitir kuma yana da nauyi kilo 2.8, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, mazauna garin suna farin cikin kasancewa a matsayin dabbobi.
Tare da ma'anar matsakaiciyar haihuwa, masanan kimiyya ba su dame shi da yawa ba. A nan za ku iya samun linzamin dutsen dutsen ayaba, linzamin hawa hawa linzamin kwamfuta, linzamin kwamfuta mai kiba, maraƙin mai yamma, babban gogaggen ƙafa, kowane dogon wutsiya, tare da ɗan gajeren wutsiya, tare da wutsiya da tassel a ƙarshen, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga rodent maganar banza, ko ma kawai ba tare da wutsiya ba. A takaice, yawon shakatawa na masana binciken dabbobi a Madagascar a bayyane basu da masu ilimin kimiya, ko kuma aƙalla mutane da farkon tunanin.
Mouse Grey na fure (Murinus na microcebus)
Kusan beaver
Amma, a kowane hali, su, likitocin dabbobi, sun kasance masu lalata da haƙuri. Wataƙila, lokacin da suka isa Madagascar, duk waɗannan 'yan uwan sun fada kan su - kawai suna da lokaci don ƙididdigewa kuma shigar da su a cikin rajista, sannan sunan daga baya, a cikin tsarin aiki.
Sannan za a fahimta. Lallai, ban da yawan zomaye da suke makale a ƙarƙashin ƙafafunsu akwai wasu yankuna da yawa da ke gudana kuma suna birgima a kusa da balaguron (daga cikin nau'ikan sanannu guda talatin, uku ne kawai suke rayuwa a wajen tsibirin, waɗanda tabbas suna baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki).
Tenreki, abu ne kamar desman, ko shinge. A kowane hali, akwai wani nau'in halitta mai kama da shinge, akwai wanda yayi kama da beaver, kuma akwai kusan kwafin muskrat na Turai. Kusan, amma ba daidai ba, tare da Madagascar, don haka yin magana, launi.
Taguwar Tenrek (Hemicentetes semispinosus nigriceps)
Lemur na musamman
Yawancin lemurs ya haifar da matsalolin matsalolin rarrabuwa. Akwai kusan ɗari ɗari na waɗannan kwamandojin a tsibirin, kuma ba muna magana ne game da yawan dabbobi ba, amma game da gaskiyar cewa ko ƙarami na duk ɗaruruwan lemur ɗin sun ayyana kansu wani abu ɗaya ne kawai, kuma, ainihin, gaskiya ne. Don haka mutane suka koya game da wanzuwar dwarf lemurs, rukonozhkovye, avagis, indri, sifaka.
Da kyau, aƙalla wani ya nuna ainihin hangen nesa a nan, ko kuma mazaunan gari ne suka jagoranci masana kimiyya a cikin gandun daji kuma, suna ɗaukar yatsa a gaba, suna lazily suna zaune a kan reshe, suna jiran a lissafa shi, lemur, ya kira shi nasa, kalma ta asali, da masana kimiyya duk wannan. rubuce. Wataƙila, haka ne.
Wani katon hamster bera na iya auna kilo shida!
Kawai tare da mu!
Wyverrs, waɗanda suke rayuwa ta musamman a Madagascar, sun kawo matsala da yawa ga masana kimiyya, matsalar ba kawai ta rarraba su bane. Tabbatar da cewa masu binciken sun isa tsibirin da babu hannun agogo, wyverres, a matsayin masu kyau (ko kuma marasa gaskiya) masu cin ganyayyaki, sun sauya daga lemurs, waɗanda suka ci tare da cin nasara duk lokacin da suka gabata, don gudanar da bincike.
An buɗe jakunkuna da yawa kuma kayayyaki masu yawa da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci (wasu don kawai) sun sace, an ci abinci kuma aka ɓoye su a cikin kurmi daga waɗannan dabbobin haɓaka.
Kamar nezomyids (ee, waɗannan zomo-haɗe iri ɗaya), wyverras suna nuna fifiko a cikin bambancin. Anan zaka iya samo ƙananan fulogi na mungos daban-daban tare da tsawon tsayin 25-40 santimita (wannan ya riga ya kasance tare da wutsiya), ƙari kamar mongooses, wannan kuma ya haɗa da burbushin halittu tare da tsayin jiki har zuwa santimita 80, waɗanda suka fi kama da ƙaramar puma kuma saboda wannan dalilin kasance zuwa cat cat.
Indri, ko gajerar Indri, ko Babakoto - wani nau'in halittar magabata daga dangin Indri, suna samar da wani daban na jinsin Indri. Indri ne mafi girma lemurs.
Koma wurin ajiyewa
Abin takaici, yana da wuya a faɗi ko dabbobi masu binciken dabbobi sun sami damar rarrabe duk mazaunan Madagascar. Kamar yadda aka saba, sakamakon ci gaban tsibirin da mutane suka yi, ya daina zama aljanna ga dabbobi. Farin giza na farko ya bar duniyarmu ne saboda sauƙaƙƙen dalilin da yasa mutane suka fara lalata laƙabi, wato lemurs kuma sune manyan abincinta.
Sauran mazaunan Madagascar sun bi ƙaƙƙarfan ɗan farin fossa, kuma kusan sun mutu gaba ɗaya, amma karamar hukumar ta gano hakan kuma ta ƙirƙiri hanyar sadarwa.
Yanzu akwai nau'ikan wuraren kariya guda uku a tsibirin: tanadin yanayi biyar, wuraren shakatawa 21 na kasa, wuraren shakatawa 20. A saboda wannan dalili, yawancin jinsunan Madagascar 'yan asalin, da tuni suna shirye su ƙaura daga nau'in haɗari zuwa rushewa, sun gane hakan kuma sun yanke shawarar kar su mutu ba tukuna. Muna fatan za mu koya abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa game da su.
Babban Wiverra, ko civet na Asiya
Konstantin FEDOROV