Tetra Diamond (Moenkhausia pittieri) Eigenmann, 1920.
Ofaya daga cikin kyawawan wakilan halayen haracinov, wanda mai binciken Egeinmann ya gano a cikin 1920 kuma bayan shekaru 10, ya ɗauki matsayi mai ƙarfi a cikin jerin ruwayoyin amateur.
Rashanci: Trick Diamond, Moencausia
Iyali: Characinic
Hankali: Moenkauzia (Minekhausia)
Habitat da mazauninsu
Kudancin Amurka: ta cika da tafkin Valencia ko Tacarigua (Mutanen Espanya: Lago de Valencia) a cikin jihar Carabobo da Aragua a arewacin Venezuela da kuma jikin ruwa na ruwa.
Tafkin yana tsakanin manyan tsaunuka biyu ne kuma shine tafki mafi girma ta biyu a kasar Venezuela. Ingancin ruwa yawanci ba shi da kyau, musammam saboda gurɓacewar iska daga ayyukan mutane a aikin gona da kuma masana'antu. Saboda haka, akwai kullun eutrophication (kan aiwatar da lalacewar ingancin ruwa saboda yawan shan abinci wanda ake kira "abinci mai gina jiki", da farko mahaɗan nitrogen da phosphorus) da ciyawar ruwa / algae. Karatun ya nuna cewa bambancin nau'in kifin ya ragu da kusan kashi 60% daga tsakiya zuwa ƙarshen karni na ashirin.
Tana zaune a cikin ƙananan sassa, tabkuna masu yawa na tafkin, kazalika da yawancin gudummawa masu sannu a hankali.
Yawancin wakilan wannan nau'in, waɗanda aka bayar a cikin kasuwancin zoological, ana ƙaddamar da su a gonaki na kasuwanci a Asiya.
Bayanin
Jikin ya kasance a cikin nau'i na ovalated m, babba da kuma dan kadan flattened a gefe. Akwai kyanwar mai, wutsiya tana da lodo biyu.
Babban launi yana da launin rawaya tare da jan launi, baya na iya zama launin toka-shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa, kuma ciki fari ne, an jefa shi a azurf. Insaƙƙarfan hancin nan launin toka ne mai launin fari tare da fararen launi. Dogon tsinkaye mai tsayi yana fitowa daga tsakiyar jiki zuwa wutsiya.
A saman ɓangaren iris ja ne. Sikeli ko'ina cikin jiki yayi kyau, wanda ya sami sunan sa, kodayake mutane ne na ma'abota jima'i ke nuna cikakkiyar launi mai haske, yaran kuwa suna da kyau a bayyane.
Halayya da Yarbuwa
Abubuwan halaye suna nunawa tare da abun ciki na akalla mutane 5-7, kuma a cikin kamfani na dangi na 10-15 sun zama mafi ban sha'awa: maza suna nunawa a gaban mata, suna jujjuya wutsiyoyi da walƙiya tare da sikelin lu'u-lu'u.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi na babban akwatin kifaye. Waɗannan kyawawan kifayen kifi ne masu lumana da kwanciyar hankali, maza sun girma ga girma mai girma ga danginsu. Waɗannan maƙwabta ne na gari don yawancin masu fa'ida, fasalin, sauran tetras da fararen hula na ƙananan matakan, kamar su karnatarwar Corridoras ko kuma Loricaria catfish. Ana iya samunsa tare da gourami da wadatattun cichlids da yawa.
Kodayake ta yi kaurin suna game da ƙoshin kumburin, wannan hali yakan canza, lokacin da aka sa ta cikin garken, a irin wannan adadin kowane ɓarna yakan faru a cikin rukuninta. Kamar kusan dukkanin tetras, yana jin daɗin zama a gaban mutane iri ɗaya kuma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, ɗan kunya ne idan an kiyaye shi da isasshen adadi.
Dimorphism na jima'i
Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace, da kuma launuka masu haske. Tsawon jikinsu a yanayi zai iya kai 6.5 cm, kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba su da girma da girma cm 4,5.
Lu'u-lu'u Tetra - Namiji
Fins a cikin maza suna da matukar elongated. Fit ɗin firiji yana samun wani nau'in tazarar haihuwa tare da shekaru, yawanci yakan zarce girman girman fin fin ɗin. Ana bambanta mace da cikakkiyar cikakke ciki.
Sake bugun tetras lu'u-lu'u
Da watanni tara lu'u-lu'u tetras yin balaga (wani lokacin balaga ya zo daga baya).
Don kiwo, yana da kyau a yi amfani da mace wanda ciki, idan an gan shi daga sama, yana ƙaruwa zuwa dubura.
Ana kiyaye maza da mata dabam, yalwatacce kuma sun bambanta yayin ciyar da abinci don sati biyu.
Don spawn ma'aurata dasa da yamma. Kamar ƙwanƙwasawa, ana amfani da gilashin gilashin gaba ɗaya tare da ƙara 10 l da ƙananan ruwa matakin (16-20 cm) da ƙananan yanki na 600 sq Cm. Ruwa ya zauna har tsawon kwanaki 4-5 ya zama mai laushi (1-3 ° dGH), ɗan acidic (pH 6.8), tare da zazzabi kamar digiri biyu sama da abin da ke ciki na 26-28 ° C. Kar ku manta game da tacewa ta hanyar peat. Haske mai saman haske ya kamata ya yi rauni sosai.
Tetra mai tsayi - mace
An sanya zangon lafiya a ƙasan akwatin kifaye sannan aka sanya daji na ƙaramin tsire-tsire. Ba dole ba ne a rufe gilashin gilashin gilashi daga sama, kamar a lokacin wasannin mating, kifi sau da yawa yana tsalle daga cikin akwatin kifaye.
Ciyarwa tana faruwa washegari. Tsarin fara'a da kanta yana da ban sha'awa. Namiji yana shimfida jujin ƙwanƙwasa da ƙushin firji kuma, kamar dai ana rawa, kewaya da'ira a kusa da mace.
Hakanan ana iya yin sahun rukuni ɗaya, a wannan yanayin 10-12 ana sa wa maza da yawa a cikin mawuyacin hali (maza da mata na iya zama daidai da adadi).
Mace ta yi ɓacin ciki kimanin 300-400 ƙwai haske tare da diamita na har zuwa 1 mm. Spawning ne sosai tashin hankali. Qwai ya tsaya a kan tsire-tsire, kuma ya fadi cikin kwanciyar hankali.
Masu kera suna son cin ƙwayayen nasu, don haka a ƙarshen ƙarewa, ya kamata a dasa su.
Bayan wannan, an ƙara maganin - sera-omnipur (wanda za'a iya maye gurbin shi da methylene blue) a cikin ruwa, kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye yana girgiza ba tare da kashe aeration ba.
Hatching na larvae yana farawa bayan sa'o'i 24. A cikin kwanaki 4-5 na gaba, larvae yana ciyar da ƙungiyar gwaiduwa, a hankali ya juye zuwa soya. A rana ta shida suka fara iyo. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran tetras, soyayyen lu'u-lu'u sun fi girma girma.
Abincin farawa a gare su shine ciliates, a cikin 'yan kwanaki ya zama mai yiwuwa sauyawa don ciyarwa tare da Artemia nauplii da microworm.
A wannan zamani, soya suna da taushi. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a tabbata cewa zazzabi na ruwan mai ɗorewa ya kasance koyaushe.
Tare da abinci mai gina jiki na yau da kullun da ya dace, ƙananan yara suna girma sosai da sauri, amma ba daidai ba. Don guje wa bayyanar cutar sananniya a tsakanin soya, ya kamata a bambance su lokaci-lokaci da girman.
Idan an yi komai daidai, a cikin wata ɗaya ana iya canja wurin soya zuwa wurin mafi yawan akwatin kifaye, a hankali rage zafin jiki zuwa ruwan da aka saba zuwa 23-25 ° usual.
Saurayi lu'u-lu'u tetra, koda kusan daidai yake da girman kifi, yana da ma'ana, amma ba lokaci mai yawa da zai shude kuma ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau zai juye da ƙifan kifi. Kowane ɗayan zai yi daidai da sunanta.
Wuya a cikin abun ciki
Amma har yanzu, yana da kyawawa don kiyaye shi a cikin ruwa mai laushi.
Daidai dace da janarorin ruwa na janar, na lumana, amma suna aiki sosai. Suna motsawa koyaushe kuma suna jin yunwa koyaushe, kuma lokacin da suke jin yunwa suna iya yanke tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske.
Amma, idan an ciyar da su isasshen, za su bar tsire-tsire kaɗai.
Kamar kowane tetras, lu'u-lu'u suna zaune cikin fakitoci, kuma kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kaya daga mutum 7.
Ciyar da abinci
Omnivorous, trick lu'u-lu'u suna cin kowane irin rayuwa, mai sanyi ko abinci mai wucin gadi.
Tushen abinci mai gina jiki na iya zama hatsi, kuma bugu da feedari yana ciyar da su a cikin rayuwa ko abinci mai sanyi - cututtukan jini, artemia.
Sabili da haka, ita kyakkyawa ce kuma tana daidaita da yawancin yanayi. Ba sa son hasken lu'u-lu'u mai haske, yana da kyau a rufe inuwa da akwatin kifaye.
Haka kuma, a cikin irin wannan akwatin kifaye sai su yi kyau.
Ana buƙatar canje-canje na ruwa na yau da kullun, har zuwa 25% da tacewa. Sigogin ruwa na iya zama daban, amma zasu zama mafi kyau duka: zazzabi 23-28 C, ph: 5.5-7.5, 2 - 15 dGH.
Kiwo
Trick na lu'ulu'u yana ɗauka kamar yadda sauran nau'in tetra ɗin suke. Wani keɓaɓɓen akwatin kifaye, tare da dimbin haske, yana da kyau a rufe gilashin gaba.
Ya kamata a ƙara tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganyayyaki a ciki, alal misali gansakken Javanese, wanda kifin zai sa ƙwai.
Ko kuma, rufe kasan akwatin kifaye tare da taimakon saƙar, kamar yadda tetras zai iya cin ƙwai nasu. Dole kwayoyin su kasance manya manya har qwai ya wuce ta su.
Ruwa mai lalacewa ya kamata ya zama mai laushi tare da acidity na pH 5.5-6.5, da zaluntar gH 1-5.
Tetra mai tsayi zai iya tsinkewa a cikin ɗayan fakiti, kuma kifin dozin guda biyu na mata biyu sune zaɓi mai kyau. Ana ciyar da masu kera abinci na tsawon sati biyu kafin tsallakewa, kuma yana da kyau a kiyaye su daban.
Tare da irin wannan abincin, mata suna yin nauyi daga caviar kyakkyawa cikin sauri, kuma maza za su sami mafi kyawun launi kuma ana iya motsa su zuwa lalata.
Ciyarwa tana farawa washegari. Don haka masu kera ba sa cin caviar, yana da kyau a yi amfani da grid, ko kuma nan da nan bayan an gama shuka su. Tsutsa za ta kyankyasar bayan sa'o'i 24-36, kuma soya zai yi iyo cikin kwanaki 3-4.
Daga wannan lokacin ya zama dole don fara ciyar da shi, abincin farko shine infusoria, ko abinci na wannan nau'in, saboda ana iya canja wurin ci gaba toya akan artemia nauplii.
Adon kowane akwatin kifin na gida, yana walƙiya cikin haske mai haske kamar fitilar lu'u-lu'u, shine yadda zaku iya bayyana ɗan ƙaramin kifin mai aiki da ake kira tetra diamond.
Tabbas, karamin kifi, wanda yake girma kawai 5-6 cm a tsayi, yayi kama da godiya sosai ga sikeli mai kyan gani. A cikin haske koda matsakaici ana iya ganin cewa babban launi na tetra flakes shine launin toka-shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Amma lokacin da ta fada cikin haskakawar haske, jikinta yayi kyau kamar tarkace. A gaskiya, saboda wannan kifin ya sami suna.
Yawan ambaliya mai launi suna fitowa ne kawai a cikin manya, kuma mace sun fi mai yawan gaske azaman maza. A kan fikafikansu “lu'u-lu'u” masu kima sosai.
Kifi yana da sihiri irin na jikin m, jikin ya lalace sosai daga bangarorin. Af, a cikin mata ya yi kauri. Insaƙƙarfan ƙyatsu masu girma ne, launin toka, ƙarancin wutsiya.
Wani ɗan gajeren zango a bayan fin cinƙarin shine abin da ake kira adipose fin. Ya fi ƙasa ƙanƙara kuma fasali ne na duk wannan kifin.
Idanun kadan convex zagaye idanu suna da kayan halaye: iris na sashinsu na sama mai launin ja.
Abinci mai gina jiki . Abubuwan nishaɗi na lu'u-lu'u suna cin kusan kowane abinci: ƙaramin abinci mai rai ko abinci mai sanyi. Ba sa raina abincin kayan lambu ba. Idan tetras bai karɓi abincin shuka ba, suna iya yanke ganyen tsire-tsire da suke a gidan ruwa.
Abinci bai kamata ya faɗi da sauri zuwa ƙasa ba, saboda saboda tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na tozarta, tetras ba zai iya ɗaukar abinci daga ƙasa ba.
Launi
An rufe jikin wannan kifayen tare da manyan sikeli na azurfa masu ƙyalƙyali, masu haske. Inswannin suna translucent, tare da tintaccen shuɗi mai haske. Kamar yadda yake faruwa koyaushe, maza ne kawai ke yiwa kayan kwalliya. Mata suna da saukin yanayi da lu'u-lu'u a kan sikelin da suke da ƙarami. Amma rawaya mai launin shuɗi-mai launin toka ta ratsa jiki, wanda kusan ba a iya lura da shi a cikin maza. Tashin kitse a cikin mace launin shuɗi ne.
Tsarin jiki
Hakanan zaka iya gano jima'i na wannan kifin ta girman jikin mutum, saboda mace smalleran kadan ne. Bugu da kari, ƙarancin maza sun fi tsayi kuma sunada ƙoshin gaske, musamman ma da ƙonon. Jikin ta da lu'u-lu'u ya zama lebur, dan kadan ya daɗe.
Abinda yafi burgewa shine lura da garken waɗannan kifayen, saboda a cikin yan uwanta tetra ta fara nuna hali. Maza suna bin juna, suna haskakawa da lu'u-lu'u masu kuzari, suna fitowa a gaban mata, suna jujjuya ƙushinsu. A wannan lokacin, launi ya yi duhu kuma jikin lu'u-lu'u ya fara jefawa a tagulla. Don ganin shi duka da idanunku, nan da nan sami kowane mutum 10-15. A cikin akwatin kifaye, yana da kyau a shuka tsire-tsire da yawa kuma a ɗora ƙasa mai duhu, don haka kifin zai zama mafi kwanciyar hankali. Koyaya, tetras suna da matukar ƙarfi, don haka kar ka manta game da sararin samaniya kyauta don yin iyo a tsakanin gandun dajin. Ana iya kiyaye tetra na lu'u-lu'u tare da sauran harazinki da ƙananan kifin lumana.
Yadda za a ci gaba a cikin akwatin kifaye
Moenkhausia pittieri ya kasance mai ƙaunataccen ɗimbin yawa masu aikin aquarists a duniya. Wannan yanayin yana da alaƙa ba kawai tare da kyawawan halayensa na ado ba, har ma tare da unpretentiousness da sauƙi na abubuwan ciki.
Akwatin kifaye . Don yanayin rayuwa na kifi na al'ada, babban akwatin kifaye ba lallai ba ne kwata-kwata. Misali, ana iya sanya garken mutum 7 a cikin tukunyar mai "lita 70", kuma dabbobi zasu sami kwanciyar hankali a can.
Tsarin ruwa . Ya kamata a kula da yawan zafin jiki mai kyau a cikin kewayon daga +22 zuwa +28 digiri, kuma ma'aunin pH ya kamata ya kasance cikin tsaka tsaki (raka'a 6-7). Ya kamata a ɗauka cewa zuciya ta Trick Diamond tana da kyau kawai a cikin ruwa mai laushi, don haka dH ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin digiri 2-15. Aƙalla 20% na akwatin kifayen ya kamata a canza su a mako, tare da tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin haɓakawa da tacewa.
Wararrun masaniyar cikin ruwa masu bada shawara sun bada shawarar yin amfani da peat a matsayin kayan tacewa.
Haske da akwatin kifaye ya zama matsakaici, kuma hasken rana hours ya zama ba fãce 12 hours.
Yarbuwa . Wani ingancin da ya sauƙaƙa ɗaukar wannan kifin shine halin salama, halin nutsuwa. Don haka ta ci gaba da kasancewa tare da sauran nau'ikan dangin Kharatsin, kananan cichlids, da kuma irin waɗannan shahararrun dabbobi kamar rassol, Neon da zebrafish.
Abinci mai gina jiki . Abubuwan nishaɗi da kyan gani na lu'u-lu'u suna cin kusan kowane irin abinci: ƙaramin abinci mai rai ko abinci mai sanyi. Ba sa raina abincin kayan lambu ba. Haka kuma, idan tetras ba su karɓar abincin shuka ba, suna iya datse gefuna ganyen tsire-tsire da suke a gidan ruwa.
BUDE
Trick na lu'ulu'u yana ɗauka kamar yadda sauran nau'in tetra ɗin suke. Wani keɓaɓɓen akwatin kifaye, tare da dimbin haske, yana da kyau a rufe gilashin gaba. Ya kamata a ƙara tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganyayyaki a ciki, alal misali gansakken Javanese, wanda kifin zai sa ƙwai. Ko kuma, rufe kasan akwatin kifaye tare da taimakon saƙar, kamar yadda tetras zai iya cin ƙwai nasu. Dole kwayoyin su kasance manya manya har qwai ya wuce ta su.
Ruwa mai lalacewa ya kamata ya zama mai laushi tare da acidity na pH 5.5-6.5, da zaluntar gH 1-5. Tetra mai tsayi zai iya tsinkewa a cikin ɗayan fakiti, kuma kifin dozin guda biyu na mata biyu sune zaɓi mai kyau. Ana ciyar da masu kera abinci na tsawon sati biyu kafin tsallakewa, kuma yana da kyau a kiyaye su daban. Tare da irin wannan abincin, mata suna yin nauyi daga caviar kyakkyawa cikin sauri, kuma maza za su sami mafi kyawun launi kuma ana iya motsa su zuwa lalata.
Ciyarwa tana farawa washegari. Don haka masu kera ba sa cin caviar, yana da kyau a yi amfani da grid, ko kuma nan da nan bayan an gama shuka su. Tsutsa za ta kyankyasar bayan sa'o'i 24-36, kuma soya zai yi iyo cikin kwanaki 3-4. Daga wannan lokacin wajibi ne don fara ciyar da shi, abincin farko shine infusoria, ko abinci na wannan nau'in, kamar yadda ci gaban za a iya canja shi soya naupilii brine jatan lande.
Tetras suna da kwanciyar hankali da kyan gani, suna makaranta kifi, don haka zai zama muku daɗi idan aka lura da halayen su, musamman lokacin damuna,
An fara bayanin wannan nau'in a cikin 1920, bayan wannan adadin yawan tetras a cikin Lake Lake ya fara raguwa sosai, yanzu yawancin kifayen sune sakamakon kiwo na wucin gadi,
Kifin ya isa ga balaga har ya zuwa watanni 6-8, a lokaci guda kuma suna haɓaka launi mai cike da launi.
G. Fominsky, Nizhny Novgorod.
Haɗuwa da ɗarukan cichlids na Malawi ya dade, sha'awar aiki, aikin kifin-kifi, ƙwanƙwasa bututun ƙarfe da sauran baƙin kasashen waje sun yi rauni. Kuma sau da yawa, masu binciken ruwa na Rasha suna sake farfado da sha'awar da suka rasa daga kifin haracin. Kuma wannan abu ne na halitta, tun da yake ana bambanta characinids da launi mai haske, motsi, unpretentiousness, ana iya kiyaye su ko da a cikin ƙananan gidajen ruwa, kuma tare da wasu ƙwarewar mai shi zai sami saukin zuriya daga gare su. Za a tattauna ɗayan waɗannan kifayen.
(yana ƙarƙashin wannan sunan ne sananne ga yawancin masoya), ko Moenkhausia pittieri Eigenmann, 1920, ya zo Rasha daga Jamus a farkon 60s. Lantarki na zamani yana da nau'ikan moenkausy 40, amma watakila mafi dacewa don kiyaye pitteri a cikin akwatin kifaye. Gida lu'u-lu'u tetra shine Venezuela, ko kuma wajen, yankin bakin tekun na Lake Valencia, Kogin Bus da Tikvirito. A cikin vivo lu'u-lu'u tetra ya kai tsawon 6 cm, a cikin akwatin kifaye 4-4.5. An rufe jikin ɗakin kwana da manyan sikeli masu launin shuɗi, kowane ɗayansu a cikin hasken shimmer mai haske tare da hasken lu'u-lu'u.
A cikin maza, fin dorsal yana da alaƙa da sifar kuɗin alade. Hakanan an kara wa fin fin da aka yiwa ado da farin frill. Peashin bangaran yana da gaskiya, mara launi, sauran tare da alamar shuɗi-shuɗi. Mata suna dan kadan fiye da maza, kayansu sunada kyau, kuma kyawawan sikelinsu sunyi yawa, fin fin dinsu ya zagaye, sauran sunkasance fiye da na maza. Daga tushe na finfin caudal, raunin da aka nuna a tsaye mai launin kore mai launin shuɗi yana wucewa ta jiki, wanda kusan babu shi cikin maza. Fin ɗin mai shafawa launin shuɗi ne mai ruwan hoda.
Tsayawa tetras lu'u-lu'u ba wuya. Kifayen suna jin daɗin zama a cikin ruwan famfo a T = 22-24 ° C, pH = 7, tare da sauyawa na mako-mako na 10-15% na ƙara. Yana da kyawawa don samun tanki mai fili (lita 10-12 a ma'aurata na manya), an dasa shi da yawa tare da ganyayyakin cirrus, kaomba, cryptocoryns, echinodorus, ferns. Ilasa: tsakuwa mai duhu, yumɓu mai laushi ko yashi mai kauri. Haske yana da matsakaici (fitila mai haske 20-watt akan lita 50-60). Dangane da ciyarwa, kifayen ba su da lada: suna cin abinci mai rai, suna ba da fifiko ga crustaceans.
Siffofin hali da kuma gyaran launi lu'u-lu'u tetras bayyane mafi kyawu lokacin da suka samar da garken mutane 15-20. Maza, suna bin juna, suna zagaye da mata, suna ta jujjuya fuskokinsu da ɗan abin tunawa da maza. Launin launuka na jiki kuma zai yi duhu a irin wannan lokacin, sikeli na tagulla. A yayin rawar rawa, ba da jimawa ba yakan faru, amma kusan ba shi yiwuwa a sa ƙwai a cikin akwatin ruwa na gama gari. Ga zuriya ma'aurata lu'u-lu'u tetras precipitated a cikin wani daban-daban jirgin ruwa tare da damar 10-15 lita na Organic ko silicate gilashin. Ana shirya ruwa mai lalacewa ta hanyoyi da yawa. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce a tafasa ruwan da aka tafasa da dare, a zuba a cikin kwalba domin tsiyayarwa da madaidaici awanni da yawa. Kuna iya ɗaukar ruwa daga akwatin kifin inda masana'antun ke zaune, haɗa tare da adadin adadin distilled ko wucewa ta hanyar ginshiƙan musayar ion kuma ku bar shi ya tsaya na kwana biyu. Wasu masu ruwa da tsaran ruwa suna amfani da ruwa daga dabbobin daji, ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙanta Nizhny Novgorod haramcin sau da yawa wannan hanyar. Koyaya, idan aka ba da yanayin muhalli mara kyau a cikin megacities, irin wannan ruwan dole ne a tsaftace shi sosai.
An ba da shawarar cewa yawan zafin jiki na ruwa yayin hurawa ya kasance a 26-27 ° C; dGH na ruwa da aka samu ta hanyoyin da ke sama yawanci shine 4-6 °, pH = 6.5-7. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don ƙara tanning da acidifying infusions ko kayan ado (peat, alder cones, itacen oak haushi) zuwa ƙasa mai kiwo. Rage ruwa a cikin yankin spawning na tsawon kwanaki 2-3 tare da kullun matsakaici.
Kafin yin ban sha'awa, yana da kyau a ga masu keɓance iri na kwanaki 6-8 kuma a ciyar da crustaceans ko sauran abinci mai rai. Saboda haka bayan tsarkewa, masu kera ba sa cin caviar, an rufe kasan spain tare da sabulu ko kayan wanki (zai fi dacewa ko launin ruwan kasa). Dogayen bunches na ƙananan tsire-tsire-yisti kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman caviar. A gaskiya, a cikin substrate don spawning lu'u-lu'u tetra ba ya bukatar. Amma idan kun sanya shingen bushes na cryptocoryne, Indian fern, hygrophilia, ko kuma rassan 3-4 na ambulia, cabomba, da dai sauransu a kan yanar gizo mai kariya, bazai zama mafi muni ba. Haske mara kyau da yaxuwa. Yana da kyau idan hasken haske na mutun daga taga yayi kama da haka. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da fitilu masu ƙonawa tare da karfin 15-25 watts.
Saukowa don tsallakewa ya fi kyau da yamma. Idan kifin suna cikin yanayin, to washegari kashegari yakan faru. Wani lokacin yakan jinkirta daga 2-3, sau da yawa ba sau 5 ba, kuma mace tana ɓoyewa daga ladabtar da namiji a lokacin farincin tsire-tsire. A matsayinka na mai mulki, jinkirta yana faruwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙwai a cikin mahaifar mace bai kai matakin balaga da ake so ba. A wannan yanayin, don tayar da haɓaka, ana samun sakamako mai kyau ta ƙara 1.0-1.5 l na ruwa mai laushi tare da T = 29-30 ° C zuwa spawning.
Namiji mai ratsa jiki lu'u-lu'u tetra na biye da mace sosai, tana jifar caviar daga ciki. Yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 1.5-2, wani lokacin ya fi tsayi, gwargwadon iyawar kifin da yanayin yanayinsu. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mace tana jefa qwai 350-400, wanda kasa da 40-60% ana hadi cikin alamun farko.
Bayan tsallakewa, ana shuka masu samarwa. Tsirrai da tarun, suna lalata kwai daga garesu, ana kuma cire su daga filayen hutawa. Don murkushe ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta-ƙwayar cuta, an kara methylene blue ko tripaflavin a cikin ruwa. Jar tetra yi duhu. Yana da kyau a ci gaba da inganta. Mutum na iya aiwatar da bambanci: maye gurbin 60-70% na ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta na haɗin gwal da zazzabi iri ɗaya. Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙara yawan adadin ƙwai masu haɓaka.
Kimanin wata rana daga baya, a T = 26-27 ° C, larvae na fili suna bayyana a cikin haske. Suna kwance a ƙasa ko manne da ganuwar can. A rana ta shida akwai yaduwar yara. Malek babban ne, mai ƙyalƙyali, mai duhu a launi tare da ƙyalli mai buɗe ido. Tsarin ciyarwa mai sauƙi ne: kwanakin farko 2 suna ba da ciliator ko al'adu, kuma zai fi dacewa rotifers na halitta a cikin yanayin "ƙura mai rai". Tare da wannan ciyarwa, haɓakar matasa yana girma a gaban idanunmu. Mako guda baya, an canza shi zuwa larvae na crustacean, micro-wucin gadi, da yankakken tubule.
Tare da ciyarwa da wadataccen ciyarwa a ranar ashirin ga soya lu'u-lu'u tetra kai 1 cm tsayi, amma har yanzu riƙe dawwama. A ƙarshen wata ɗaya, sun samo asali da launi iyayensu. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a canza su zuwa cikin akwatin kifayen girma. Ba da daɗewa ba kafin sake farawa, za su fara ƙara ƙarfi a hankali (wannan ya zama dole don soya don haɓaka) da daidaita daidaitattun sigogi na tsalle-tsalle da ruwa, ƙara tabarau na ruwa 1-2 daga akwatin kifayen yau da kullun tare da masu samarwa. Zai dace mu haɗu da wannan hanya tare da ciyarwa, rinsing filkton plankton a cikin gilashin tare da ruwa na akwatin kifaye da zuba abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa mai ɓarna.
Zuwa watanni 6-7, matasa sun sami duk kayan aikin manya manyan tetras, har zuwa lalatawar jima'i, kuma a shirye suke da shiga cikin abubuwan haihuwa kansu.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Egeinmann ya fara bayyana tallan tetra (Moenkhausia pittieri) a 1920. Tana zaune a Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin koguna: Rio Blue, Rio Tikuriti, Lake Valencia da Venezuela. Suna iyo a makarantu, suna ciyar da kwari da suka faɗa akan ruwa kuma suna rayuwa cikin ruwa.
Sun fi son ruwan sanyi na tabkuna ko kuma a hankali yana kwararar haraji, tare da yalwar tsirrai a ƙasa.
Lakes Valencia da Venezuela sune tafkuna biyu mafi girma tsakanin manyan tsaunuka biyu. Amma, saboda gaskiyar cewa tabkuna suna da guba ta hanyar takin da ke fitowa daga filayen da ke kusa, yawan mutanen da ke cikinsu talauci ne.
Akwatin kifaye
An zaɓi girman akwatin kifaye a cikin adadin 10-15 a kowace ma'aunin kifi na manya. Grouparamin rukuni zasu buƙaci akwatin kifaye tare da ƙididdigar asali daga 60 * 37.5 cm - kimanin lita 70.
Kalli kyakkyawa ne mai iya canzawa wanda zaiji dadi sosai a cikin wasu ruwayoyi daban-daban, kodayake baya son hasken mai haske. Amma yana da kyau a cikin aquariums densely dasa, inda yake nuna ainihin cikakken launi.
Abin da ya fi dacewa don ajiye shi a cikin wani babban akwatin kifaye na gama gari tare da ciyayi mai yawa kusa da kewaye, tsire-tsire iyo, sarari kyauta don yin iyo, haske mara nauyi da ƙasa mai duhu.
Ana iya ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da biotope na Amazonian. Yi amfani da yashi kogin a matsayin madadin kuma yana da ƙokarin ƙara chyan suttukan snan ƙarafa Fewan kaɗan kaɗan na busassun ganye (beech ko itacen oak) kammala nishaɗin kallon halitta. Ya kamata walƙiya ya yi ƙasa sosai.
Abinci mai gina jiki
A dabi'a, suna ciyar da kananan kwari da gurɓatattun abubuwa waɗanda suke rayuwa cikin ruwa ko kuma fadawa cikin ta.
Omnivore, zai ci duk abin da zaku iya bayarwa. Don mafi kyawun yanayi da launi - abinci na yau da kullun tare da ƙananan raye-raye da abinci mai daskarewa irin su zubar da jini, daphnia da artemia, tare da bushewar hatsi da manyan lemu.
Dimorphism na Jima'i
Maza suna da ƙarancin abinci fiye da na mace, tare da mafi yawan abin da yake yin daidai. Lokacin da ya manyanta, suna da jijiyoyin jiki, yatsun kafa, da ƙashin bayan kafa. Maza suna da ɗanɗano launin shuɗi mai haske, alhali kuwa a cikin mata kusan ba sa ganuwa.
Sake bugun tetra na lu'u-lu'u
Don tsinkewa, ana zaɓan kifi wanda (idan aka duba shi daga sama), ciki na ƙaruwa ga fin fin. A hankali sosai kuna buƙatar shirya mace don haifan zuriya. Ciyar da yakamata ya bambanta da ingancinsa.
A spaining akwatin kifaye dole ne aƙalla 15 a lita girma. Zazzabi na ruwa - 26-27 ℃. A kasan ƙarfafa net ɗin aminci, sanya ƙaramin adadin. Ana shuka masu kera a cikin filayen hutu tun yamma. Ciyarwa yakan faru da safe. Caviar an haɗe shi da ganyen tsire-tsire, ragowar ya faɗi cikin raga. Bayan kwana guda, larvae ya bayyana. Bayan wasu kwana uku, sun fara iyo. Soya suna da girma sosai. Cyclops, artemia nauplii na iya zama abinci a wannan lokacin. Tetras lu'u-lu'u sun zama balagagge ta hanyar watanni 8.
Kifin Characine koyaushe shine mafi fifita wurin akwatin kifaye. Saboda suna jin girma ko da a cikin ƙananan ruwayen ruwa kuma, suna da buri, za a iya characinas ba tare da wahala mai yawa ba. Tetra Diamond wani wakili ne na wannan dangi mara ma'ana.
Yanayi
Ko da mafi yawan Hardy kuma suna dacewa da yanayi daban-daban, kifin akwatin kifayen suna da lamba Abubuwan da suke da mahimmanci don haka ake yin watsi da su suna karaya.
Don haka, don rayuwa mai gamsarwa tetra na lu'u-lu'u zai fara buƙatar kamfani. Don adana garken a cikin adadin mutane 5, za a buƙaci tanki 50-70 (ƙarin kifi, bi da bi - ƙarin girma). Mai tacewa, mai haɗawa (idan ba zato ba tsammani ƙarfin tacewa don isa ya inganta) kuma ya kamata a haɗa murfin tare da akwatin kifin.
Amma game da sigogin ruwa, babu wani abu mai rikitarwa: zafin jiki shine 22-28 ° С, acidity shine 5.5-7pH, taurin kai yana da kyawawa har zuwa 15-20 ° dH. Ruwan mako-mako yana canzawa zuwa kwata na girma.
Ilasa shine zaɓinku, amma yafi kyau amfani da yashi. Haske yana da rauni, wannan ra'ayi yana nufin hasken rana kai tsaye, kuma kawai ga haske mai haske sosai. Scenery - don dandano kuma a nufinku, amma ya kamata a buƙaci tsire-tsire. Ana samun maraba da laushin katako, mai cike da inuwa mai yawa, amma kar a wuce shi - a bar wani yanki na sarari kyauta domin tetras mai aiki ya sami wurin yin sanyi.
Tetra Diamond - abun ciki.
Sunan kimiyya: Moenkhausia pittieri (Moenkausia Pittieri).
Mashahuri sunaye: Tsarin Trick, Characin Diamond.
Matakan Kula da Tetra Diamond: Mai Sauki.
Girman: 6cm (2.3 inci).
- pH 6-7
- kewayon dH: 5-12
- t 0: daga 24 0 С zuwa 28 0 С (75-82 0 F)
Tsarin Trick yana zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5.
Asali: Kudu Amurka, tafkin Valencia na Venezuela.
Temperament: yayi kama da halayen wasu tetras. Ka ajiye su ya zama dole na guda 5 ko fiye a cikin akwatin kifaye guda.
Kiwo Diamond Tetra: Sake bugun yana faruwa kamar yadda ake a cikin sauran al amuran. Wadannan kifayen sun yi kyau sosai a makarantu, don haka 'yan makwanni kaɗan kafin kumburi, dole ne a cire duk maza daga mace. A wannan lokacin, kowa yana buƙatar ciyar da shi sosai, ta amfani da mafi yawan abincin abinci mai inganci.
Don ƙirƙirar Trick na Diamond, yi amfani da wani akwatin kifin daban wanda ake kira ƙasa mai hura wuta. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace don tsinkewa a ciki: haske mara nauyi, gilashin daga shigar azzakari cikin haske a cikin akwatin kifaye an rufe shi da takarda, kuma an shimfiɗa raga a ƙasa mai faɗi (1-2 cm daga ƙasa) ko kuma an dasa shi da tsire-tsire (mai nauyi tare da sikelin nauyi), kamar gwanayen Javanese . Ruwa a cikin tanki ya kamata ya kasance da taurin 1-5 0 dH, acidity pH 5.5-6.5 da zazzabi na 26-27 0 C.
Tsarin tsibirin Trick ya fara washegari bayan saukarsu a cikin spawning. Nan da nan bayan an gama zubar da caviar, masu kera suna tsabtace (don kada ku ci caviar).
Broths na Tetra Brilliantova ƙyanƙyashe bayan sa'o'i 36, kuma bayan wasu kwanaki 4, sun fara ciyar da su da infusoria, sannan kuma tare da artemia nauplii.
Girman akwatin kifaye: Don karamin garke, ana bada shawarar 80-120L akwatin kifaye.
Hadin gwiwa na Matsalar Diamond don iyakance yunwar ƙusoshin, ya zama dole a kiyaye su cikin garken. Guji barin su tare da manyan isasshen kifin da zai iya cinye su.
Abincin / Abinci don Tetras Diamond: A cikin daji, suna ciyar da kwari, tsutsotsi da crustaceans. A gida, za su ci ƙwallan ingancin abinci ko manya-manya. Azaman matsakaicin girke-girke na lokaci-lokaci, zaku iya amfani da abinci ko abinci mai dahuwa.
Cututtukan Tudun Adama: bayyanar cututtuka da magani.
Yankin: kifin yana aiki sosai kuma yana kusanta zuwa kasan akwatin kifaye.