Chekhon a cikin bayyanarwa ba za a gauraye ta da wani ba. Don bayyanar ta asali Chekhon ya sami sunaye da yawa - herring, sharewa, saber, mowing da sauran su. Chekhon kifi ne mai daɗi. Masoyan tana matukar jin daɗinsu ga mai kitse da taushi. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da chekhon a bushe, a salted da ɗanɗana. Koyaya, a wurare da yawa na mazauninta, an haramta kamun kifi a Chekhon kuma yana ƙarƙashin kariyar muhalli, saboda yawan kamun kifi, adadin kifayen ya fara raguwa sosai.

Bayanin

Chekhon yana da jiki mai tsawo, mai laushi a bangarorin, baya tare da launi mai launin kore da ciki na inuwa mai haske. Doashin ƙarancin kifayen suna da launin toka kuma ƙashin gefe yana da launin shuɗi. Chekhon yana da sabin-siki, gajarta a gefe, madaidaiciya baya, saukar da ciki, ƙananan muƙamuƙi ya lanƙwashe sama. Ta baya tana da launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi, gefuna da ciki fararen fata-fari ne, ƙarancin yatsun ƙusoshin da launin toka ne, masu ƙyalƙyali suna da launin shuɗi, idanu masu girma, silvery. Chekhon ya bambanta da ƙashin ƙugu, waɗanda suke da girma sosai kuma suna da kamannin kama da Chekhon da kanta.

Rarraba da wuraren zama

Mazaunin kifin yana da faɗi sosai. Kifi a cikin tekun tsibiri ne kai tsaye kuma galibi yana zaune ne cikin tafkuna na ruwa, koguna da tabkuna. Koyaya, zai iya rayuwa cikin teku a kowane irin tsaftattacciyar kalma. Rukunin tekuna sun haɗa da tasoshin tekuna: Baltic, Caspian, Black da Aral. Yana zaune a cikin ruwan tsarkakakkun sassan Asiya da Turai a cikin ƙasashe - Russia, Jamus, Poland, Finland, Sweden, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Austria da sauransu. Daga cikin koguna, inda akwai yawancin Chekhony, mutum zai iya bambanta Dniester, Dnieper, Don, Western Dvina, Bug, Danube, Kuban, Kura, Ural, Terek, Volga, Neva, Amu Darya da Syr Darya, da kuma sauran koguna. Mafi yawan Chekhon a cikin layuka - Ladoga, Onega, Ilmen, Sarykamash, Kelifskie Lakes. Hakanan yana rayuwa a cikin wuraren ajiyar ruwa. Daga cikin wajan akwai Rijistar Khauzhan.

A wasu yankuna Chekhon yana da matsayin kifin da ke da kariya, kuma haramtaccen kamun kifi ne ko kuma hukuma ta sarrafa shi. Daga cikin irin wadannan yankuna, mutum na iya bambance babban kogin na Dnieper, wato yankin Bryansk, Kogin Donets na Arewa da Lake Chelkar. Ana tunanin Chekhon wani nau'in haɗari ne na haɗari a cikin wadannan yankuna.

Babban abincin kifin sune kwari, tsutsotsi, caviar da soya na wasu nau'in ƙananan kifaye.

Baya ga nau'in marine, akwai kuma ruwan Chekhon mai tsafta, wanda ke rayuwa cikin tsabtataccen ruwa a arewacin Rasha (a cikin koguna masu sauri, wuraren ajiye ruwa da tabkuna).

Shekaru da girma

A cikin balagagge, wannan kifin ya kai tsawon 60 cm kuma yana ɗaukar nauyin kilogram 1.5 (yawanci 400-600 g). A shekara ta uku ko ta biyar, bayan balaga, kifin ya kama daga Mayu zuwa Yuni cikin ruwa tare da zazzabi na 20-23. Qwai suna da tsari mara nauyi kuma suna iyo a yardar rai cikin ruwa. Chekhon soya yafi ciyarwa akan zooplankton, harma da kwari da ƙasa.

Chekhon ya kai lokacin balaga a matsakaicin shekaru 3-4. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, kifi ya zama mai yin jima'i da wuri - a cikin shekaru 2-3, kuma a cikin yankuna na arewacin, akasin haka - a cikin shekaru 4-5. Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsararrakin jiki na Chekhon yana da santimita 15-20. Hakanan, gwargwadon yankin, akwai bambance-bambance a cikin lokacin tsalle da kuma hanyar spawning. Don haka a cikin yankuna na kudu, spawning yana faruwa a baya, kamar a watan Afrilu - Mayu, mace kuma ta yi rabo a cikin rabo biyu. Kuma a cikin yankuna na arewacin, spawning yana faruwa a watan Mayu-Yuni kuma an share caviar a lokaci. Amma kamannin gama gari guda ɗaya, koyayace. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin kandami yayin cikin ɓarnar ya kamata ya kai digiri 15 na zafi. Chekhon ya sami wuri don filayen motsa jiki tare da hanya mai laushi da zurfin kimanin mita 1.5-6.

Chekhon yawanci ba ya wuce 20-30 cm tsawo kuma yana nauyin 150-200. Kuma kaɗan ne kawai yakai 50 cm tsayi kuma yana nauyin 800-900 g.

Kanfanin jefa caviar yayi shuru. Caviar mai tsalle-tsalle yana da harsashi mai dunƙule da diamita na milimita 1.5 kuma ya zauna ƙasa. Bayan hadi, caviar din tayi yawa kuma yana kara girma. Yanzu diamitarsa ​​shine milimita 3-4. Yawan haihuwar mace daya shine qwai dubu 30-150, ya danganta da shekaru, girman mace da kuma wurin da murtsuncin yake zaune. Qwai ya girma cikin kwanaki 2-4, gwargwadon yanayin na yanayi, wato, ruwa a cikin tafkin. Sabbin larva na sabrefish suna da tsawon kamu 5 millimita, amma da sauri suna girma da haɓakawa kuma a farkon cin abincinsu akan gwaiduwarsu. Kuma idan sun kai kwanaki goma na haihuwa, sai su canza zuwa plankton kuma su ciyar da shi kawai. Har zuwa lokacin balaga, samari sabrefish yayi girma a hanzari, sannan ci gaba da haɓakawa yana raguwa sosai. Kafin tsallakewa, maza da mata masu baƙuwar ruwa suna ci kaɗan, amma bayan tsinkayen su fara ci sosai. Abinci galibi yakan faru da safe da rana, amma musamman masu fama da yunwa na iya zuwa farauta da daddare.

Rayuwa

Chekhony ya hada da dabbobi da kayan abinci a cikin abincin. A cikin samart, kifi galibi yana ciyar da zooplankton da phytoplankton, kuma tare da kwari, tsutsa, tsutsotsi da kifi na yara sune babban tushen abincinsa. Ga kwari a lokacin rani, Chekhon ya tsallake daga ruwa ya kama su ya tashi. Ga ƙanana da ƙwararrun masara Chekhon farauta kamar haka. Sau da yawa tana iyo tare da wanda aka azabtar a cikin garken, sannan kuma tare da motsi mai ƙarfi yana saukar da wanda aka azabtar ya tafi ƙasa. Bayan wani lokaci, chekhon ya sake kasancewa a cikin wannan garken ya fara neman wani wanda aka azabtar. Chekhon kansa kifi ne mai rai da baya da tsoro, yana kai hari ga abincinsa da sauri kuma da himma. Tare da halayyar iri ɗaya, chekhon ya faɗi akan ƙugiya, don haka cizon chekhon koyaushe yana da kaifi kuma ana iya ganin sa a fili. Chekhon yafi ciyar da rana, kuma da dare yana ɓoyewa daga matsugunnunsa a ƙasan tafki.

Kama Chekhony

Ana amfani da haɗe-haɗe don kama sabrefish ana amfani da su daban kuma ya danganta da yanayin shekara. Chekhon yana wutsi a tsutsa da birgima mafi kyau duka, amma a lokacin rani zaka iya amfani da kwari kamar tashi, dutsen, ciyawar ciyawa, kuma kama ta a saman ruwa. A cikin kaka, an kama shi sosai a kan soyayyen sauran kifayen, kuma zaka iya yaudarar sabrefish tare da ƙura ko kumfa, wanda kifin zai ɗauka don tsutsa ko tsutsa. Wasu masu yin amfani da anglers suna amfani da kyan gani da tabarbarewa kamar yadda ƙugiya take, kuma ba tare da nasara ba.

Don babbar sha'awa da annashuwa, yi amfani da irin wannan kayan kamar sandar ruwa mai kan ruwa, tsalle mai kamun kifi, na roba da na zubi. Lokacin zabar kaya, ya kamata ka kula da ingancin sa da kayan aikin sa. Don haka tsawon sandar ya kamata ya zama mita 4-6, diamita na layin kamun kifi shine 0.2 mm. Don layi na kamun kifi ana amfani dashi da bakin ciki - 0.15-0.17 mm. Zaɓin ƙugiya ya dogara da girman da ingancin bututun, amma galibi suna amfani da A'a 3-5.

Chekhon pecks da sauri da amincewa ya hadiye koto. Lokacin yin biting, iyo iyo ba da gangan ba ruwa cikin ruwa da gefen. Ba shi da wahala a saci chekhon, amma duk da haka yana da daraja a lura da daidaito da taka tsantsan. Suna kamun kifi a hankali kuma a hankali, suna jan layin kamun kifi zuwa kansu. An kwace kifin a saman ruwa, amma ba a ɗaga shi sama da ruwa ba, saboda yana iya zuwa (chekhon yana da leɓunan bakin ciki sosai, kuma suna iya karye ƙarƙashin nauyin kifin). Idan an yi komai a hankali kuma ba tare da hayaniya da yawa ba, to a wuri guda zaka iya kama adadin kifin daga garken daya. Amma idan ka sa garken, dole ne ka ƙaura zuwa wani wuri. Hakanan, kada ku kasance da himma kuma ku kama dogon lokaci a wuri guda idan babu cizo na dogon lokaci. Garken yana tafiya da sauri, don haka mafi kyawun zaɓi shine a kama sabrefish daga jirgin. Kawai don wannan zaku yi amfani da oars, ba motar ba, wanda zai iya tsoratar da duk kifin. Lokacin kamun kifi na sabrefish, karamin doesar ba ta ji ciwo ba, ko da yake yana da yuwuwar a yi ba tare da shi ba.

Mahalli da yanayin zama

Kifi Sabre yana ciyar da mafi yawan lokaci a cikin ruwa mai zurfi. A lokacin rani yakan tashi daga zurfin neman abinci. Tabbas ana iya samun sa a wurare da ƙaƙƙarfan halin yanzu da kuma cikin iska mai ƙarfi. Oftenarancin lokaci, kusan babu wuya a same shi kusa da gabar tekun.

Makarantun wannan kifayen ana samunsu da yawa a kan yalwatacce kuma a kan m.

Chekhon ya dauki kyan gani zuwa ruwan yankuna na Kudancin Russia, jikkunan ruwa suna gudana zuwa:

• ga Baltic,
• Baki
• Harshen Caspian
• da Tekun Azov.

Muguwar maƙarƙashiya, kifin ya fi son koguna tare da tafkunan ruwa da wuraren ajiye ruwa mai tsabta. Zai yuwu kusan haduwa a cikin kananan koguna. A cikin hunturu, sabar mai siffa saber, tarawa cikin garken dabbobi 10-20, sun gwammace ruwa mai natsuwa. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, mai natsuwa, zaku iya lura da motsin kifi daga wuri zuwa wani. Lokacin da yanayin bai yi dadi ba: guguwa mai sanyi ko tsananin sanyi na garken azurfa suna da yawa kwance a wuri guda.

Lokacin wasa

Sabre-kifi na iya haifuwa, da ya isa lokacin balaga, wanda yakan faru ne tsakanin shekaru 2 zuwa 4, gwargwadon mazauninsu. Tsarin haifuwa a yankuna na kudu ya fara ne daga waɗanda ke zaune a sassan arewacin wurin. Kifin ya fara ɓuya lokacin da ruwan da yake cikin tafki ko kogi ya hau zuwa kyakkyawan alamar + 120C.

Kwanakin da aka ƙididdige a cikin watan Mayu da Yuni. Kan aiwatar da sabuwar rayuwa yakan faru ne a gadaje kogi kusa da ruwa. Qwai, wanda yanzu ya kama shi, yana motsawa kuma a hankali ya nutse har ƙasa. Idan wurin "zama na dindindin" itace tafki ne ko kuma tafki na wucin gadi, to aiwatar da sabuwar rayuwa yana faruwa ne a wurare da babban adadin oxygen.

Zai iya zama bakin ƙananan koguna da ƙananan koguna. Yawan cin nasara yawanci yana faruwa ne a zurfin daga 1.5 zuwa shida mita. Dukkanin aikin yakan ɗauki daga kwanaki 6 zuwa 10.

Halayya da Abinci

Babban abincin shine zooplankton, larvae da ƙananan kwari. A kan 'yan'uwansa ya fi sonsa:

• roach
• gizo-gizo
• Kada ka raina kananan gudgeon.

Yayin farauta don foran uwan ​​da ke ƙasa, yana yin hauka a cikin ma'anar kalmar da zazzagewa ga duk abin da ke motsawa ko kuma yana kama da abinci.

Halin garken farauta

Wani garken wannan nau'in ya kusanci wurin farautarsa, kuma dan wani lokaci yana zagaye da shi, ba cin amana da niyyarsa. Sa'an nan kuma ya kama ɗan da aka cuta, ya tafi zurfin cin abinci. Bayan wani lokaci, sai ta sake haɗa kanta da wani kifin da ba a tsammani ba, a iyo kusa da shi.

Ana maimaita tsarin harin. Ana ciyar da ɗan farauta kamar safe da yamma. Wannan shine lokacin da yafi aiki da farauta. A cikin yanayin hadari, tsarin abinci zai iya ɗauka duk rana. Tun da farkon wata, kifayen suna “kunnawa” da daddare.

Lokacin kamun kifi

Za ku iya gani game da lokutan kamun kifi sabrefish da ayyukan cizon sa a wani shafi na aikinmu kamun kifi don chekhon ko a cikin labarin:

Yaushe zaka kama wannan nau'in kuma yadda ake kama chekhon? Amsar wannan tambaya ita ce ba ta dace ba bayan an yi niyya. Lokaci kadan ya wuce lokacin da kifin ya mamaye kuma ya fita daga tsarin tsallake-tsallake kuma, yana jin yunwa, yana ci gaba da neman abinci.

Wajibi ne a maido da sojojin da suka ɓace, gami da cikin gwagwarmaya don yaƙar tare da motsawa koyaushe. Yayin zhora, ana iya samun mafi yawan lokuta a hanzari da iyakokin yanzu, inda yake tsaye, yana jiran abincin da yake wucewa. Zai iya zama kwari da suka faɗa cikin ruwa.

A kan kogunan da ke hana ruwa da sinadarin platinum, suna yin amfani da cyprinids da rai tare da kwararar sabon ruwan oxygen. Wannan yana faruwa yayin buɗe platinum na sama.

A wannan lokacin, ta duka tana kan jet. Kuna iya lura da aiwatar da kisan kananan sahabbai da ciyar da abinci a kan dabbobin da aka wanke daga bakin kogin ruwa.

Yadda ake kama chekhon kuma me zai kama ta? Karanta game da shi kuma ba kawai a kashi na biyu na labarin ba.

Chekhon dafa abinci

Halayen saber-mai siffa, mai yawa a cikin ƙananan kifayen ƙasusuwa, ba makawa. Kodayake ana bada shawara don amfani dashi tare da abincin abinci. Kifi mai matsakaici, mai dauke da adadin kuzari na 88 kl wanda ya ƙunshi gram 17 na furotin da kuma gram 2 na mai, kyakkyawa ne sosai dangane da dandano.

Kifi, dukda cewa karami ne babba, amma yana dauke da adadi mai yawa na amfani da abinci mai gina jiki. Magnesium, phosphorus, potassium - wannan cikakken tsari ne na ingantattun kaddarorin.

An yi imanin cewa amfani da shi yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka gashi da ƙusoshi kuma suna samar da sikelin haƙori. An tabbatar da cewa yin amfani da wannan nau'in na yau da kullun yana taimakawa kawar da acid mai cutarwa daga jiki da kuma daidaita sukarin jini.

Kafin fara dafa abinci, gills, an cire gabobin ciki daga ciki kuma an cire sikeli. Yana da kyau duka soyayyen da stewed, musamman ma kayan lambu. Sau da yawa kifayen da aka kama suna gishiri. Tsarin shirye-shiryen iri ɗaya ne kamar lokacin soya, amma ba tare da cire sikeli ba. Sa'an nan kuma yayyafa da gishiri da kuma sanya a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi a rana. Giya da kifi ra'ayoyi ne masu rarrabewa!

Abin farin ciki ne a ci naman kifi kuma yaji yadda kitse ke gudana a hannu, yana wanke shi da giya mai sanyi!

Sau da yawa, saber kifi yana dafa shi a cikin gasa, yana kyafaffen ƙarancin ƙima. Koyaya, wannan kifin bai dace da duk mutane ba. Akwai contraindications wanda kuke buƙatar sani da tunawa. Wadanda suke da matsala da tsarin abinci yakamata su guji cin shi ko kuma su ci ɗan gishirin dafaffen kifi ko gasa. Ana iya samun cikakken jerin girke-girke na chekhon nan.

Kasance da masaniyar wuraren zama, dama na dafuwa kana buƙatar kamun kifi. Game da menene, lokacin da inda zaka kama, da kuma yadda zaka kama chekhon karanta a bangare na biyu labarin mu.

Karanta kwatancen kifin mai zaman lafiya da magabatan a shafin yanar gizon Ribalka-vsem.ru. Kalli bidiyon ban sha'awa da amfani daga kamun kifi da hutu. Biyan kuɗi a cikin shafukanmu akan hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa.

Kasuwancin kamun kifi na kan layi ba ku damar siyan kowane kayan kamun kifi a farashin gasa!

Ku biyo mu shafukan sada zumunta - ta hanyar su muke wallafa bayanai da yawa masu kayatarwa, hotuna da bidiyo.

Shahararrun sassan shafin:

Kalandar masunta tana iya baka damar fahimtar yadda dukkan kifin ɗin ya ƙare, ya danganta da lokacin shekara da wata.

Shafin magance kamun kifi zai ba ku labarin shahararrun dabarun kamun kifi da kuma kaya.

Nozzles don kamun kifi - muna bayyana cikakken bayani game da rayuwa, tsirrai, wucin gadi da kuma sabon abu.

A cikin labarin farauta, zaku san manyan nau'ikan, da kuma dabaru don amfanin su.

Binciki dukkan tafarkin kamun kifi don zama babban masunta kuma koya yadda za'a zabi wanda ya dace.

Bayyanar sabrefish

Chekhon mallakar babban kifin kifi ne. Wannan ƙananan kifayen ruwa ne mai danshi mai cike da ruwa, mai cike da ruwa. A waje, kifi ne mai ban sha'awa, kuma babban fasalinsa shine ƙarancin haske mai ƙima, kamar an rufe shi da azurfar. A gefe, jiki yana matse jiki, kai ƙarami ne, yana da manyan idanu da bakin da yake birgima sama.

Kari akan haka, yanayin jikinta baƙon abu bane - gashinta baya cikakke, ƙoshinta yana convex. Saboda wannan fasali chekhon wanda kuma ake kira saber, saber, gefe, Czech. A cikin ciki akwai keel, wanda babu sikelin. Launin kifayen kifayen a baya shine koren shuɗi, ko gewaye, bangarorin suna da silvery.

Insashin baya da wutsiya suna launin toka, ƙananan waɗanda ke da launin shuɗi. Fashin ɗigon ruwan suna da girma sosai, saboda kifin wannan girman, kuma a siffar suna maimaita jikin sabrefish. Sashin hankali mai laushi shine layin gefen, wanda yake a cikin sifar zigzag, kusa da ciki.

Kifin Czech ƙananan ne, tare da matsakaicin tsawon 60 cm, yana nauyin kilo 2., Amma irin waɗannan mutanen suna cikin samfuran da aka kama, saboda suna da ɗanɗano. A kan sikelin masana'antu, ana haɓaka ƙananan mutane - girman da aka saba da su shine 20-30 cm a tsayi kuma nauyin 150-200 na nauyi. Waɗannan ƙananan Czech ne waɗanda galibi ana iya siyan su a cikin shago a cikin bushewa ko an sha. Chekhon-bushe-bushe sosai kifi sosai.

Mazaunin Chekhony

Chekhon shine karamin abincin kifi a cikin kwandunan Baltic, Aral, Black, Caspian da Azov Seas. Mafi yawa suna rayuwa ne a cikin ruwa mai tsafta, kodayake yana iya rayuwa a kowane jinkiri kuma yana haifar da siffofin rayuwa a cikin tekuna.

Mazaunin Chekhony manya-manyanta - mazauninsu na dindindin sun haɗa da Rasha, Poland, Jamus, Faransa, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria da sauran ƙasashe na Turai da Asiya. Wadanda suka fi yawa a cikin koguna sune Dnieper, Don, Dniester, Danube, Kuban, Western Dvina, Kura, Bug, Terek, Ural, Volga, Neva, Amu Darya da Syr Darya.

Idan muka yi magana game da tabkuna, to adadi mafi yawa daga cikinsu suna zaune ne a cikin Onega, Ladoga, Unguwar Ilmen da tabkuna Kelifskie. Mazauna da wasu wuraren ajiya. Duk da girmanta, a wasu yankuna chekhon yana nufin nau'in haɗari ne kuma hukumomi suna kiyaye shi. Irin waɗannan wuraren sun haɗa da Dnieper na sama a cikin yankin Bryansk, Kogin Donets na Arewa, Lake Chelkar.

Chekhon ya fi son matsakaitan ruwa manya da kanana, a cikin kananan koguna da tabkuna ba a same su. Yana zaɓar yankuna masu zurfi waɗanda ba tare da ɓangaran. Wani lokacin yakan ciyar da wani lokaci a kan tudu, amma kawai idan akwai saurin yanayi. Yana son wuraren kusa da iska mai ƙarfi da rapids. Babu kifayen da ke tafiya kusa da bakin tekun.

Chekhon abinci

Chekhon yana ciyar da abinci sosai tare da rana da abinci iri iri. Yana faruwa, a lokacin bazara, yana tsalle daga cikin ruwa don kama kwari da ke zagaye da shi. Matasa kifi suna ciyar da galibi akan gidan zoo da phytoplankton. Kuma ya girma ya ci larvae, tsutsotsi, kwari da soya na kifi daban-daban.

Idan kawai ta dauko kwari daga kasan ko kuma ta kama saman ruwa, to tilas sai ta fara soya. Czean Czech sau da yawa yana iyo tare da waɗanda abin ya shafa a cikin garken guda ɗaya, sannan da sauri ya kama ganima kuma ya tafi ƙasa tare da shi. Bayan ya dawo na gaba. Wannan kifayen masu rai suna kai hari da hanzari da sauri.

Masanan masunta ne, kuma sun san sabrefish kusan abu ne, don haka suna amfani da kusan duk wasu kwari kamar maggul, maggwam, tsutsotsi, kwari, ƙudan zuma, ciyawar ciyawa, dabbar dabbar daddawa da sauran dabbobi. Kari akan haka, kifin na iya tsoma baki a cikin wani ƙugiya da babu komai, an ɗaure ta da zaren ja ko kuma a sa wani dutsen ado.

Kiwo da kuma tsawon rayuwar sabrefish

Chekhon zai iya haihuwa a cikin jihar tsawon shekaru 3-5 na rayuwa (a yankuna na kudanci kadan a baya - shekaru 2-3, a cikin yankuna na 4-5). Siyarwa tana farawa a watan Mayu-Yuni, kuma karamin kifi yayi wannan a baya fiye da manyan mutane. Babban yanayin farkon farawa shine yanayin zafin ruwa na 20-23 Cº, sabili da haka, sake a cikin yankuna na kudancin, farawa yana farawa da farko.

Kafin tsallakawa, sabrefish ta ci abinci kaɗan, ya tara a manyan makarantu ya nemi wuri don sa ƙwai. Yankunan da ke da tsauraran matakai mai zurfi da zurfin mita 1 zuwa 3 sun dace, waɗannan yankuna mara zurfi ne, rarar yashi, rapids kogi.

Ciyarwa yana faruwa a cikin kira biyu a kudu, kuma a lokaci guda a cikin yankuna na arewacin. A cikin koguna Chekhon spawns, motsi sama, sa'an nan kuma rolls baya. Qwai ba su da m, saboda haka, ba a haɗe su da algae ko wasu abubuwa a cikin ruwa, amma mirgine ƙasa.

Suna da girman 1.5 mm. a diamita, to, bayan hadi, zauna a kasan sai kumbura a can, yana kara girma zuwa mm 3-4. Dogaro da zafin jiki na ruwa, qwai ya girma a cikin kwanaki 2-4, sannan 5 mm ƙyanƙyashe ƙyallen daga gare su.

Kifi ya yi girma da sauri, yana ciyar da samar da gwaiduwa, ya ɓace cikin ƙananan garke kuma yayi ƙaura tare da kwarara. Bayan kwanaki 10, sai su canza zuwa plankton, kuma su ciyar da shi tsawon lokaci. Chekhon yayi girma sosai cikin shekaru 3-5 na farko. Daga nan girma ya sauka a hankali, saboda haka, duk da tsawon rayuwar ta na kimanin shekaru goma, da kyar ta sami nasarar samun babban mutum.

A ina aka samo Chekhon?

Kifi yana jin daɗin yanayin yanayi mai ɗumi, sanyi da gishiri, wanda ya ba shi damar yin nasarar shimfida tekun da kuma ruwan ruwan tare da yaɗuwar bambance bambancen microclimatic. Chekhony yana da ingantaccen tsari na osmoregulation, saboda wanda ake ɗaukar walƙiya-da sauri ga matsanancin matsanancin yanayin zafin teku. A sa'i daya, an bullo da wani tsarin ne don inganta yanayin ruwan-gishiri, wanda ke sake inganta ayyukan gabobin, hanji da kodan karkashin aiki mai daukar nauyin kwayoyin halittar jiki mai yawa.

Ingancin wannan tsari yana da girma wanda har zuwa kwanan nan, matattarar ya rayu a cikin Tekun Aral salted sosai. Abin takaici, yanzu mazaunin Chekhon a tsakiyar Asiya ya ragu sosai zuwa ƙananan Syr Darya da Amu Darya da Lake Chelkar (Kazakhstan), wanda kuma halin haɓaka yana haifar da matsala na ruwan gishiri-gishiri.

A Rasha, ana samun Chekhon a cikin kwarin tekuna da yawa lokaci guda:

• Azovsky - Wet Elanchik, Don, Eya, Kuban, Mius, Duct, Sambek, Wet Chuburka, Khoper,
• Caspian - Oka, Kama, Volga, Ural, Samur, Sulak, Terek, Akhtuba,
• Baki - Psou, Shah, Mzymta, Sochi, Dnieper na sama da kuma ɓangaren Kuban, ɗayan rassa wanda ya shiga cikin gandunan Kiziltash da ke gabar Tekun Bahar Maliya,
• Baltic - Meadows, Pregol, Western Dvina, Neman, Svir, Volkhov, Neva, Ilmen, Lake Ladoga da Onega.

Ta haɗu da Neva da kuma Gabar Tekun Finisiya wanda iyakar arewa ta wurin mazaunin Chekhon ta wuce. A gabas, harajin kuɗin hagu na Urals, kamar Ilek da Or, suna ɗaukar irin wannan iyaka. A yamma - Lake Peipsi, babba zuwa Narva, Western Dvina, Dnieper da Desna.

Inda za a kama Chekhon a yankin Moscow

Rijiyoyi da wuraren ajiye ruwa a kusa da babban birni suma suna alfahari da kasancewar wannan kifin. Mafi yawan Chekhon a cikin Oka, sanya su. Moscow, Pyalovsky da Pestovsky, Wuraren Ivankovo. A nan, ana kiyaye kifin nesa da bakin teku nesa ba kusa, don haka don nasarar kamun kifi yana da kyau kuyi amfani da jirgin ruwa ko kayan girki mai tsayi, alal misali, jig.

Yanayin Chekhony da salon rayuwarsa

Wannan nau'in kifi ne mai mahimmanci na makarantar ƙaura, wanda ke ba da lokaci mai yawa a cikin yankunan estuarine masu wadataccen abinci. Tsarin kogunan ruwa da na teku na sabrefish ba sabon abu bane, waɗanda ba sa banbanta da juna, ban da haɓakar girma da launi na baya. Amma a kowane hali, kifin yana tsallake ruwa zuwa ga ruwa mai ɗorewa, galibi yana hawa hanya don ɗaruruwan daruruwan kilomita.

Gidajen da aka fi so a Chekhon sune matsakaici da manyan tafkuna masu yalwa mai zurfi da wurare masu yawa ba tare da ciyayi mai yawa ba. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan manyan koguna ne, tafkuna ko kuma ɗakunan ajiya tare da hadaddun toabil na ƙasa da ramuka masu yawa, waɗanda ke zama mafaka ta ɗabi'a ta yau da kullun ko wani wuri mai tsawo a cikin mummunan yanayi, zafi, da tsananin sanyi.

Babban aikin yana faruwa a ƙarshen safiya, rana mai haske da sanyin yamma. Wannan ya faru ne saboda daidaituwar yanayin abinci na sabrefish, wanda yafi son farautar soya da kwari a cikin tsakiyar yadudduka ko kusa da saman ruwa. Kifi yana da hankali sosai kuma yana da wuya a iyo zuwa gabar ruwa ko kuma ya shiga cikin ruwa mara ruwa. Amma idan ka isar da koto wurin wurin ciyar da garken ta amfani da injin tazara mai nisa ko kuma daga jirgin ruwa, zaku iya tsammanin cizo da ƙarfin zuciya. A cikin zurfin zurfin mita 5-30, mower yana nuna halin rashin kulawa. Shi baya jin tsoron hayaniyar gwagwarmayar da aka kama a ƙugiya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ɗayan mafi kyawun yanayin farautar sabrefish shine kamawa kwari a kan tashi. Don yin wannan, sai ta yi tsalle sama daga ruwa, sannan ta faɗi da baya tare da fashewa da kuka.

Idan kogin na da tsalle ko giya, zurfin ya daina zama mai mahimmanci. Irin waɗannan wurare suna jawo kifin, wanda, saboda kyakkyawan rawar da yake da shi, yana iya wayo kwalliya daga saurin ɓarna, kwari, da hanyoyin ruwa. A cikin kaka, a watan Satumba, Chekhon ya fara ciyar da abinci sosai, sannan a hankali ya ƙaura zuwa wurare masu zurfi, suna shirya don hunturu. A cikin lokacin sanyi, ya kasance mai aiki sosai kuma ana kan shi da kankara.

Spawn

Kwanciyar lokacin bazara na qwai yakan faru a lokaci na tsawon kwanaki 3-4 a zafin ruwa na + 12-13 0 C (Afrilu-Yuni). Wannan tsari yana hade da matsakaicin hauhawar matakan ruwan tsufana da yawan hijirar Chekhon a cikin tashoshin kogin fiye da nesa. Zurfin spaining na yau da kullun shine mita 1-3. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a sami ƙaƙƙarfan halin yanzu, wanda zai ba da masarri tare da isashshen oxygen a koyaushe. Abin da ya sa a cikin wuraren rafin Chekhon ya kewaya bakin bakin kofofin kogunan.

Ba kamar sauran kifin dangin cyprinid ba, ƙananan mata masu shekaru 3-5 da haihuwa sune farkon waɗanda suka fallasa. Bayan haka ya zo da juyawar manya waɗanda suke zuwa ga matsanancin filaye a ƙasan hamada na safiya. Girman farko na qwai shine 2-2.5 mm, amma godiya ga soso ta musamman ta shafe shi da sauri tana shan ruwa, yana ƙaruwa zuwa diamita zuwa 4-5 mm kuma yana ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙarfi. Irin wannan kayan halitta yana bawa masonry damar motsawa cikin yardar rai ba tare da takaddama ba a cikin ruwa kuma ya sami adadin oxygen.

Bayan kwanaki 3-5, ana fara aiwatar da kisa na larvae, wanda yakan zama garken tumaki a hankali kuma yayi ƙaura zuwa ƙasa. A cikin ruwa, sabrefish na yara suna ciyar da nauyi a kan zooplankton kuma a farkon shekara na rayuwa sun girma zuwa tsawon 7-10 cm.Haƙan saurin hawan da ke cikin hankali suna ba da gudummawa ga rayuwar yawancin masarar. Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci saboda ƙarancin wucin gadi na Chekhon ba a aiwatar da shi sosai saboda yanayin rikodin ƙwayar caviar. Bayan an gama amfani da shi, chekhon da ya fito daga ruwan gishirin ya sake komawa zuwa ruwa. Yana iya zuwa ciyarwa da sashi na yawan kogin.

Menene chekhon yake ci

Abincin kifin yana da bambanci sosai kuma ana ƙaddara shi da shekaru, girmansa da mazauninsa. Smallananan ƙananan mutane suna cin zooplankton, a cikin abin da ƙananan crustaceans, larvae, tsutsotsi, da kuma leeches sun fi yawa. Matashin chekhon ya fadada tsarinsa, bugu da ƙari kuma:

• manyan kwari mai kwari
• smoothies, rowers, sauro-karrarawa,
• jakunkuna, jakuna na ruwa, koriya,
• ƙananan yara na wasu kifaye (gudgeon, baƙi, roach, dace, kifin carci, rudd).

Wani abin kallo mai ban sha'awa da ban mamaki shine farautar sabrefish don soya: an haɗe shi ga garken kuma wani ɗan lokaci yana motsawa tare da shi, baya nuna wani zalunci. Don haka akwai wanda za'a iya rikitar da wanda aka azabtar da shi mafi kusa da tafiya mai zurfi tare da ita zuwa zurfin. Bayan wasu 'yan mintoci, kifin ya dawo ya sake yin dabarar.

Gidajen Chekhony

Chekhon na iya rayuwa cikin yanci, sanyi da gishiri. Wannan yana ba ta damar rayuwa a cikin ruwa da jikunan ruwa na ruwa tare da bambance-bambancen microclimatic masu yawa. Kifi yana da ƙirar osmoregulation. Godiya gareshi, kifin zai iya daidaita da sauri tare da matsanancin matsin lamba na hydrostatic wanda ke faruwa a cikin yanayin ruwa. Bugu da kari, kifin yana farawa ta hanyar daidaita metabolism na ruwa-gishiri. Yana bayar da gudummawa ga maimaitawa na aiki na gills, hanji da kodan karkashin cirewar electrolytes daga jiki. Wannan tsari ya haɓaka sosai wanda kifin ya kasance yana iya rayuwa yanayin gishiri a Tekun Aral. A yau Chekhon yana zaune a cikin ƙananan ƙananan Syr Darya, Amu Darya da Lake Chelkar.

Ana iya samun wannan kifin a cikin kwandunan tekun da ke gaba:

• Azov: Wet Elanchik, Don, Sombek, Khoper, Mius,
• Harshen Caspian: Kama, Ural, Terek, Oka,
• Baki: Dnieper, Shah, Sochi,
• Baltic: Volkhov, Neva, Lake Ladoga.

Lokacin zabar yanayin rayuwa, nisa da zurfin kogin suna da mahimmanci. A wannan batun, ɓacewar Chekhon daga Seversky Donets. Kogin ba shi da tsabta, amma kogin bai tsabtace ba. Ba shi da ma'ana idan ya nemi chekhon a cikin kwalbar. Don kamun kifi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuri mai faɗi.

Hanyoyi don kama Chekhony

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kama sabrefish. Hanyar al'ada ta ƙunshi kamun kifi tare da sanda tare da kamun kifin. Chekhon yana da kyau a kan gum. Kifi yana zaune a kasan ruwa, saboda haka kamun kifi daga ƙasa ya zama ruwan dare.

A cikin ƙarin daki-daki game da manyan hanyoyin kamun kifi:

• akan zubewa: ya fi kyau a zaɓi ɗan sanda mai walƙiya mai haske tare da kullu kaɗan. Ya isa a yi amfani da sanda har 5 grams. Yi amfani da madaidaiciyar matattarar inertialess, ƙarar wacce daga 1000 ce ko fiye. Madadin layin kamun kifi, zai fi kyau amfani da igiyar bakin ciki. The bututun ƙarfe na iya zama da bambance bambancen,
• kama sabrefish daga kasa. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi wannan zaɓi lokacin da magariba ta yi kuma rana ta ɓoye bayan sararin samaniya. Kifi na iyo kusa da bakin tekun zuwa zurfin 4 mita. Don kama Chekhon, kuna buƙatar sandar kamun kifi har tsawon mita 8 da kuma iyo mai iyo. Dole ne a aiwatar da zirga-zirgar jirgin ruwa tare da yin la’akari da rarar mai gudana. Inda kwararar take da sauri, ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi da dama na ƙananan taro. Inda kwararar take tafiya a hankali, adadin beads yana raguwa. Nisa tsakanin su na iya kaiwa zuwa mm 200. Musamman kifi mai aiki da daddare. Bayan ɗan ɗan gajeren hutu, ciji ya ci gaba har wayewar gari. Lokacin da ka yanke shawarar kama kifi a bakin tafki da daddare, zai fi kyau ka yi amfani da tsutsa da tsutsotsi don dabbobin,
• kamun kifi. Ofaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan kamun kifi shine kama Chekhon akan bandungiyar roba, shine, amfani da jaki tare da ɗamarar roba. Taki ne, wanda aka sanya shi da nauyin 400 zuwa 700 g, wani lokacin kuma 1,000 g. Thearjin ƙugu shine ƙusoshin roba daga tsayi 5 zuwa 10. Kauri daga layin kamun kifi shine 0.35 mm kuma tsawonsa yana daga 25 zuwa 50. Leash ɗin shine layin kamun kifi har zuwa 0.3 mm lokacin farin ciki. Hakanan wajibi ne don amfani da carabiner da swivel tare da runguma,
• tashi kamun kifi. Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar sandar kamun kifi ta musamman. Don amfani da kwari kwari da streamers ake amfani. Kifi kamun kifi yana buƙatar kwarewa, don haka ga masu farawa wannan hanyar zata zama da wahala. Ba a taɓa amfani da wannan zaɓi na kamun kifi ba, saboda ba shi da sauƙi.

Kayan ado

Dangane da shawarar kwararrun anglers, yana da daraja a gwada da kuma amfani da abubuwan da aka makala da abubuwan alaƙa akan czechon. Don nasarar kamun kifi, kuna buƙatar sanin fifikon kifin a cikin wani lokaci. A cikin bazara da kaka, kamun kifi don chikin ya dace da abubuwan da aka samo asali daga dabbobi: almara, tsalle, tsutsotsin jini da tsutsotsi.

Daga cikin nozzles na asalin shuka, yana da kyau a zaɓi: hatsi daban-daban, kullu da masara da aka kawo. Zaɓin win-win don ɗaukar sabrefish akan magudanar jini. A lokacin rani, kifayen suna jefa kansu akan mangwaro, kwari, kwari da ciyawar ciyawa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da sanduna daban-daban na kifi da bait, saboda sabrefish ba kifayen kifi bane.

Menene kamarsa

Chekhon ciki ne convex, saboda wannan ga alama cewa jikinta ne mai lankwasa. A zahiri, ta baya kai tsaye. Idanun suna da girma, azurfa. Pupilsaliban suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Matsayi na sama na bakin yana nuna cewa an ciyar da kifin sabrefish daga farfajiya.

Baya baya duhu fiye da bangarorin. A saman shi mai launin ruwan kasa sosai. Sikeli suna da haske, ƙarami, mai sauƙin tsaftacewa. Peasusufin da ke da tsayi yana da tsawo, launin toka a launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. Doarshin dorsal yayi gajere kuma an canza shi zuwa wutsiya. Launinta launin toka ne.

Chekhon ya yi tawaya a wuraren ajiya da kuma ambaliyar ambaliyar ruwa. Bayan tsallakewa, sai ta koma inda ta saba. Mace na sanya ƙwai cikin ruwa. Zurfin wuraren shakatawa basu wuce mita 1 ba.

Nasihun kamun kifi na Chekhon

Wannan kifin yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa masu siyar da kai. Yana nufin nau'ikan kasuwanci masu mahimmanci. A kan babban sikelin, an ba da shi ga shelves na shagunan a cikin bushe da kyafaffen tsari. An soyayyen da stewed. Girman mutum, wanda ba ya jin kunyar sanya hoto, kusan 500 g ne, yayin da tsawonsa zai wuce 0.5 m. Fiswararrun masunta sun ba da shawarar kula da abubuwan da ke gaba:

1. Tunda ana kiyaye chekhon a zurfi, sai a ƙara layin kamun kifi a reel. Yi amfani da ƙugiya da babbar goshin hannu; mafi ƙarancin ƙugiya shine "shida".
2. Chekhon yana jagorantar garken rayuwa, don haka ba lallai ne ku matsa a gefen tekun ba don neman kifaye. Idan kifayen ya ƙare a wannan rana, to za a samar da kamawar.
3. Ko da a lokacin bazara, Chekhon, tare da duk ayyukan sa, yana da lokutan yin watsi da duk wani yanayi.Yana faruwa da kifayen ciji ne musamman da daddare.
4. Don kama Chekhon, kuna buƙatar sandar kamun kifi tare da tsawon aƙalla 4 m. Yin jifa daga gefen tekun ya zama yana da nisa, sandar kamun kifayen Bologna tare da daskararren ƙarfe zai zama daidai.

Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da maggot azaman ƙura. Yana aiki da kyau a hade tare da tsutsa. Wannan ba wani tsari ne na 'sanan' sandwich 'ba, amma wani abu makamancin haka. Da farko an dasa tsutsa, sannan kuma sai kwari. Chekhon ba zai yi tsayayya da irin wannan abincin ba.

Kamar kowane cyprinids, wannan kifin yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Matsa manyan samfurori abin farin ciki ne. Amma suna kama ta ba kawai don sha'awar wasanni ba.

An tuna da dandano na busassun chekhon na dogon lokaci. Inda aka samo wannan kifin, akwai ƙwararrun masanan da suka kama kamun kifi musamman, sauran nau'ikan kifayen ana ɗaukarsu-duka, shin babban kifin ne ko kuma irin kifin teku.

Abinda ya kama chekhon

Tare da bambancin digiri na nasara, kamun kifi na iya ci gaba a duk shekara, ban da lokacin shakatawa. Mafi kyawun lokaci shine bazara kafin ƙaura da ƙaura na kaka, lokacin da ake ciyar da mai da rai.

Kamar yadda nozzles a kan harka:

• magudanan jini, alkama, ciyawa,
• mazari, tashi, gadfly,
• mayfly, danshi da tsutsa tsutsa,
• haushi irin ƙwaro, gwoza, koto.