Sunan Latin: | Aythya fuligula |
Sunan Turanci: | Duck |
Squad: | Anseriformes, ko takardar farashi (Anseriformes) |
Iyali: | Ducks (Anatidae) |
Tsayin jiki, cm: | 40–47 |
Wingspan, cm: | 67–73 |
Tsarin jiki, g: | 350–1000 |
Siffofin: | plumage canza launi, makaranta |
Lambar, dubu nau'i: | 252–310 |
Matsayi na Tsaro: | CEE 2, CEE 3, BERNA 3, BONN 2, AEWA |
Dabaru: | Ra'ayin Wetland |
Additionallyarin ƙari: | Bayanin Rasha game da nau'in |
Karamin jirgin ruwa mai dauke da murfin fiska a bangon kai da fararen fararen kaya a fuka-fukan. Ana bayyana dimorphism na namiji: namiji ne baki da fari, yana da dogaye, mai sheki, mace mai launin ruwan kasa mara nauyi da kuma tabo mai haske a gindi na baki (wani lokacin kuma ba ya nan).
Yaɗa. Migratory, a wasu wurare zauna ra'ayi. Yana faruwa a Tsakiyar Tsakiya da Yammacin Eurasia, a Turai rarrabawar ba ta da kyau, mara ma'ana, musamman a ɓangaren ta tsakiya. Masu cin nasara a kudu har zuwa Arewacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A kai a kai ana ciyar da hunturu a Italiya (ana yin rikodin 6-16 dubu a shekara), a cikin wasu wuraren kuma a cikin ƙaramin lamba (5-15 nau'i-nau'i).
Habitat. Tana yin sheƙarta tare da sabbin ruwa mai ruwa mai kyau, cike take da ciyayi mai kauri tare da gefen, zurfin matsakaici, tare da buɗe wuraren ruwa. Hakanan ana iya lura da yin duhu game da baƙi na wucin gadi da kan ƙananan tafkuna na biranen; ba safai ake bayyana ba a manyan tekuna.
Ilimin halitta. An fara a watan Mayu, a tsakiyar ciyayi, yana gina gida, inda yake sanya qwai 8-1. Kimanin kwanaki 25, macen ta sanya su. Kajin da sauri barin gida, duk da haka, sun zama a cikin fikafikan kwanaki 45-50 bayan haihuwar su. Caya daga cikin kama a shekara. Wani lokaci yakan yi sheka a kungiyoyi, yawanci yana haɗuwa da gulls da terns.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. A cikin hunturu, tana samar da manyan garken, sau da yawa ana iya ganinta a tafkuna a cikin kamfanin ducks na gida.
Kabilar masu alaƙa. Marina baki (Aythya marila) nests a Arewacin Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka, yana ciyar da hunturu a kudanci. Mutane 200-400 ne ke tashi zuwa Italiya a kai a kai (a shekarun 1970, har zuwa mutane 2,000).
Da aka buga blacken (Aythya fuligula)
Alamun waje na baƙar fata Australiya.
Blackan gwal na Ostireliya yana da girman kusan 49 cm, fuka-fuki daga 65 zuwa 70 cm Weight: 900 - 1100 g .. Beak a cikin maza 38 - 43 mm tsayi, a cikin mace 36 - 41 mm.
Baranda dan Australia (Ayustya australis)
Wannan duck - mai ruwa-ruwa, ana kiran wasu yan gari "duck da fararen idanu." Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci don tantance jinsin. Thearfin na namiji yana kama da launi na murfin gashin tsuntsu da sauran nau'in duck, amma ɗayan baƙar fata na Ostiraliya daga baki yana ƙara yin haske. Firam ɗin launin ruwan ƙasa ya fi launin ruwan kasa da nau'ikan iri ɗaya.
Gashin fuka-fuka akan kai, wuya da jiki sune launin ruwan kasa duhu - ƙodaƙwal. Gashi gefan launin ruwan kasa ne, baya da wutsiya baƙi ne, banbanta da wutsiya da gashin fuka-fukan a tsakiyar ciki, waɗanda suke fari. Fuka-fukan ƙasa ƙasa farare ne da iyaka mai bakin ciki.
Beak mai launin toka ne mai duhu, tare da bayyane launin toka-toka - shuɗi mai shuɗi. Alloli da ƙafafu suna launin toka-baki, kusoshi baƙi ne. Gefen yana da fadi, gajarta, karkata akalar siffar, ya fadada dan kadan zuwa gwaggon biri kuma yana da marigold kunkuntar. A kan kambi na kai an gashin gashin tsuntsaye ne, wanda aka tashe a nau'in amarya. A cikin tsoho drake, crest yana da tsawon 3 cm; a cikin mace girma, gajarta ce. Tsuntsayen matasa basu da braids. Akwai gashin fuka-fukai guda huɗu.
Launin launin shudi mace daidai yake da na namiji, amma mafi yawan launuka masu launin shuɗi da launi tare da makusantan ƙyallen fata. Idon ido yana launin ruwan kasa. Layin kan baki yana kusa. Matar tana ƙanƙanta fiye da takwararta. Wataƙila akwai bambance-bambancen yanayi a cikin launi na plumage na ɗan gajeren lokacin molting. Blackan farar fata suna fentin kamar mace, amma mai haske, mai launin shuɗi, launin ruwan ciki, mai duhu.
Yawancin baƙar fata na Australiya.
Ana samun blackening Australia a cikin tafkuna masu zurfi tare da babban yanki mai kyau, ruwa mai sanyi sosai. Hakanan za'a iya lura da ducks a fadama tare da ciyayi masu yawa. Lokaci zuwa lokaci sukan ziyarci makiyaya da ƙasa mai noma don ciyar da kansu.
A cikin lokacin kiwo, ana samun su a tafkuna, tsirrai na shara, a cikin fadama, lagoons, a yankin gabar ruwan tabkuna, gandun daji na fadama kwari da kuma tsabtataccen ruwan sha. Yawancin lokaci sukan ziyarci wuraren laka a tsauni tsafin mita 1,150 sama da matakin teku, kamar tafkunan Gabas Timor.
Halin da baƙon Ostiraliya.
Bakar fata na Australiya su ne tsuntsayen zamantakewa waɗanda suke rayuwa galibi a cikin ƙananan rukuni, amma wani lokacin suna yin manyan gungu waɗanda suke ƙidaya dubban mutane yayin lokacin rani.
Vapors ana kafa su da sauri, da zaran ruwan ya samar da yanayi mai kyau don haifuwa.
Rokon baƙi na Ostireliya ba na al'ada ba ne, saboda yawan canjin ruwan sama.
Ducks na wannan nau'in suna jin kunya da matuƙar hankali. Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan jinsin da ke da alaƙa ba, baƙar fata ta Australiya sun sami damar kawar da sauri da sauri, wanda muhimmiyar fa'ida ce yayin da masu barazanar ke barazanar: berayen bera, gulls na azurfa, da kuma tsuntsaye masu farauta. Don tsira, ducks suna buƙatar tafkuna tare da isasshen matakin ruwa don ciyarwa, nutsad da kai cikin ruwa. Lokacin da ducks suke iyo, sai su zauna a ruwa mai zurfi a cikin ruwa, kuma yayin da suka nitse, sai su bar a saman jikinsu kawai da wutsiyarsu dake manne. Tare da tafkunan dindindin, baƙar fata a Ostiraliya suna daɗaɗɗaɗa. Amma a cikin lokaci na tsawan fari, ana tilasta musu yin tafiya mai nisa, suna barin wuraren zama na dindindin. A waje da lokacin kiwo, baƙar Ostareliya tsuntsaye ne masu natsuwa. A lokacin tarawar, namiji yakan fito da iska mai tsini. Mace ta bambanta da takwararta a cikin siginar murya, tana yin wani irin rawar kai kuma tana fitar da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan lalacewa yayin cikin iska.
Abincin Ostiraliya mai baƙar fata.
Baƙar fata na Ostareliya suna ciyar da abinci ne na shuka. Suna cin tsaba, furanni, da kuma wasu sassan tsirrai, ɗamara, da ciyawar da ke kusa da ruwa. Ducks kuma suna cinye abubuwan iska, ɓarin kwari, ɓawon burodi, kwari. Kama babban kifi. A cikin jihar Victoria a kudu maso gabashin gabashin Australiya, bakaken fata na Australiya suna kashe 15% na lokacinsu don tattara abinci kuma kusan 43% a lokacin hutu. Yawancin ganima, 95% ana ɗaukar su ta hanyar ruwa kuma kashi 5% kawai na abincin an tattara akan saman ruwa.
Sake bugun daji da fararen fata baƙar fata na Australiya.
Lokacin kiwo yana daure da lokacin damina. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yana faruwa a watan Oktoba-Disamba a yankuna na kudu maso gabas, kuma a watan Satumba - Disamba a cikin New South Wales. Ducks suna yin nau'i-nau'i. Koyaya, wasu lokuta ma'aurata suna zama na tsawon lokaci ɗaya, sannan kuma su rabu, kuma ana lura da al'adar auren mata fiye da daya.
Bakar fata na Ostireliya a cikin rabuwa a cikin fadama cike da ciyayi da kuma tege.
Gida yana kan bakin tafki ko kuma wani tsibiri wanda aka ɓoye cikin ciyayi mai yawa. An gina shi daga tsire-tsire na ruwa ko kuma kusa da ruwa. Ya yi kama da rufaffiyar rufaffiyar tebur wanda aka shirya tare da ƙasa.
Clutch ya ƙunshi qwai 9 - 13 na farin - launi cream. A wasu halayen, gidan ya ƙunshi har zuwa qwai 18, wanda ya bayyana sakamakon asalin cutar kuma an sanya wasu ducks. Qwai girma, matsakaita na 5 - 6 cm kuma nauyin kimanin 50. Kawai macizai ne ke sanya mashin daga 25 zuwa 27 days. Chickks sun bayyana, an rufe shi da fitila mai haske a saman wani launi mai duhu da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a ƙasa, sautin mottled a gaban jiki. Suna girma cikin sauri, suna samun nauyi daga gram 21 zuwa 40. Manyan ducks sun kori brood har abada. Babu ƙididdigar ƙididdiga akan tsawon duwatsun manya.
Matsayin kiyayewa na baƙon Australiya.
Baƙon haushin Australiya musamman da lambobi ke fuskantar barazana. Duk da cewa an sami raguwar adadin ducks a karni na 20, amma tun farkon karni na sabuwar karni, barazanar da suka fi yawa sun gushe, adadin ya kasance tsayayye kuma yana daga mutum dubu 200 zuwa 700,000. Mafi yawan nau'ikan baƙar fata na Australiya ana samun su a kusa da tafkuna a yamma da tsakiyar Queensland. A Ostiraliya, mafi mahimman wurare da ke da duwatsun dabbobin suna kasancewa kusa da tabkuna a lokacin fari. Ruwan Mandora na Kudancin Australia shima wuri ne inda ducks suke taruwa yayin rashin ruwan sama. Yawan tsuntsayen Tasmania ma sun tabbata. A waje da Ostiraliya, yaduwar baƙar fata Australiya yana da wuya sosai a cikin New Zealand da New Guinea. Akwai barazanar canje-canjen mazauna saboda magudanan ruwa a cikin wuraren kiwo na baƙar Ostareliya.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Bayyanar
Ducks daji suna da alaƙa da ruwa, ana bayyana hakan ta ɗabi'unsu, salon rayuwarsu da tsarinsu. Fuka-fukan wannan tsuntsu sun dace da ƙananan jiragen, ba su da faɗi sosai kuma gajera. Wannan fasalin fuka-fukan ya fi dacewa don ruwa, kazalika da tsarin kafafu, yatsun gaba guda uku waɗanda ke da alaƙa da membranes na iyo.
Gidan duck ba shi da girma musamman, matsakaicin nauyin balagaggu yana daga 500 zuwa 2000 g.
A cikin mafi yawan jinsin, ana bayyana dimorphism a cikin ƙwayar cuta, wanda aka fi sani yayin halittar nau'i-nau'i - a cikin hunturu da bazara. Bayan molting, maza sun fi kama da mace. A cikin dogo da mace guda, molting yana da matukar tayar da hankali - tsuntsu har ma ya rasa ikonsa na tashi na wani dan lokaci, tare da rasa tsuntsayen fuka-fukai da wutsiya. A cikin mata tare da tsintsiya, molting yana da hankali sosai kuma baya hana su damar tashi, kuma yana farawa ne bayan jingina.
Fl .ge
Ducks tsuntsaye ne masu ƙaura daga abinci. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, ya zama da wuya a sami abinci da tsuntsayen, a cikin neman abinci, ana cire su daga gidajensu kuma sun fara ƙaura, suna zuwa kudu. A cikin bazara, garken suna komawa gida. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ducks ɗin da ke rayuwa a cikin masu daidaitawa da a cikin latitude kudu ma sun yi ƙaura, suna gudu daga fari da zafi.
Jirgin sama yana farawa bayan haɓakar matasa akan reshe, ya balaga kuma yana shirye don dogon tashi. A lokacin jirgin, garken ya koma bayan shugaba, cikin tsari ingantacce. Hanyoyin ƙaura suna wucewa zuwa wurare masu wadataccen abinci.
Dalilin farauta
A kan iyakar Rasha da CIS akwai nau'ikan ducks daban-daban (kusan arba'in). Kimanin nau'ikan dabbobi talatin sun bazu, waɗannan nau'ikan ducks daji abu ne na kasuwanci da farauta.
Tsuntsu na dangin duck shine ganima ga mafarauta ba kawai saboda nama ba. Duck na yau da kullun eider, misali, ana daraja shi don ƙasa. Ana yin girbi na pegans da gogol a wasu yankuna, kuma tangerines mai haske ana busa su don dalilai na ado.
Tsarin kogin
Nau'in kogin ducks yana da babban sauka a cikin ruwa da wutsiya da aka ɗaga sama da ruwa. A cikin neman abinci, ba su nutse ba, kawai sai su nutse cikin ruwa rabi, suna barin wutsiyarsu saman ruwa. A kashe kusan a tsaye, ba tare da an kashe ba. A cikin jirgin, ana bambance bambanci da ruwa saboda ƙarancin wuyansa, wutsiya da fikafikai. Tsaya a fakitin ba da wuya a kiyaye shi.
Shirokonoska
An kasafta shi da yalwataccen shege mai siffa. Tana tashi kamar kadan a hankali kuma a hankali, ta yar da kanta kai kasa. Drakes suna da kyau sosai: a bango daga farin farin nono, mai duhu kore da wuyansa sun fito waje, bangarorin da ciki suna ja. Filayen fuka-fuki na gaba da fitila mai haske da madubi mai haske. Matan suna tan. Uguwa a cikin tsuntsaye sune ruwan lemo mai haske. An dauke su mafi yawan garkuwa da jinsunan kogin.
Mallard
Duck na daji mallard ya saba da duk mafarauta, shi ne mafi girma nau'in kogin. A cikin bazara, drake yana da gashin kore na emerald, farin abin wuya, nono mai launin ruwan kasa da launin toka. Namiji ya fi mace ƙarfi. Legsafafan mallard sune orange, baki baki. Maza suna da tsayi fiye da wuya, suna riƙe da kawunansu.
Bakar fata mallard
Wurin zama mazaunin kudu maso gabas da Siberiya. Girman ba ya bambanta da duck na mallard na saba. Pewarewarsa ita ce, maɓuɓɓugan launuka ba sa bambanta da mace, tunda ba su da launi na dabbar canji. Sun fito waje tare da baki baki tare da launin rawaya a saman. A cikin jirgin sama, fararen tabo a fuka-fukan suna bayyane.
Ci gaba
Duck mafi girma, maza sun fi mace girma, suna da doguwar wuƙa da wutsiya, mai kama da awl, wanda shine dalilin da yasa tsuntsu ya sami suna. Baya da kai launin ruwan kasa ne. Ragowar wuya, goiter da ƙananan jikinsu fararen fata ne. Mace tana da launin toka.
Takalma Yaro
Duck dual shine mafi ƙanƙanta a tsakanin ducks kogin. Namiji yana da kai mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da yalwar launin kore daga idanu zuwa ƙarshen kai. Mace tana da launin toka. A ƙarshen dare, ana iya bambanta namiji da farin farar fata a kafada da wani yanki mai kyau na wutsiya tsakanin ƙarshen wutsiya da ciki.
Marmara ko kunkuntar-nosed teal
Habitat - Asiya ta Tsakiya da kuma tekun Caspian. Matsakaicin nauyi 500 gr. Umwaya yana da launin toka-launin toka, mai haske akan ciki, iri ɗaya ne a cikin mata da maza. Beak launin toka ne, kafafu kan-kasa-kasa. An bambanta namiji da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi a bayan kai da kuma ɗimbin launuka masu kyau a cikin idanun. Sau da yawa zauna a kan rassan bushes da bishiyoyi girma kusa da ruwa, ba kamar sauran iri na teal.
Duck
Tsuntsu ya fi girma kamar launi, mai launin toka. Namiji ya bambanta da mace mai fuka-fuki da kuma fiɗa. Kayan da aka dace na mace: wani kai mai launin ja, farin tsiri daga idanu zuwa bayan kai. Matar tana da dolo mai tsayi da fari a gefe. A cikin duhu, ana iya bambanta drake daga mace ta hanyar ɗaga kansa kai tsaye tare da sautin mai fashewa.
Sviyaz
Tsuntsu ya matsakaici girmansa kuma yana bambanta shi da farin farin ciki da gemu mai kyau. Shugaban drake mai launin ja, goshi mai launin shuɗi-zinare, ƙwalƙwalwar ƙyau ce. Mace sviyazi tana da kamanni ga duck mai launin toka, ya bambanta da ita cikin “madubi” mai duhu launin fuka-fuki a jikin fikafikan ta.
Drake yana yin sauti mai kaifi, kamar kuwwa, muryar mace tayi kama da croak.
Kisan kifi
Wurin zama shine Gabas ta Tsakiya, Gabas Siberiya da Kamchatka. Matsakaicin nauyi - 800 gr. Kankaran kifi yana da baƙon baki, baƙaƙen kafafu tare da membran duhu. Mace ta yi kama da duck na crack, daban a launi na kafafu da baki. Namijin har ila yau yana riƙe da “madubai” mai haske a cikin fikafikan sa ko da damina. Muryar dan tunannin Curlew ne.
Merganser
Wannan nau'in yana zaune a cikin gandun daji. Weight ya kai kilo biyu. A kai akwai gashin fuka-fukan elongated wanda ke yin cikakkiyar gudummawar mace a cikin mace. “Madubauna” farare ne, gewar ja ce, kafafu sun zama ruwan lemo. A lokacin rani, namiji zai iya bambanta shi da fararen gashin fuka-fukan a jikin fikafikan. Idan tsuntsu ya tashi fikafikan sa, yakan yi kuwwa kamar kuwwa.
Scaly Merganser
Wani nau'in halittar da ba a taɓa samu ba kawai a kudu maso gabas. A waje kama da matsakaici merganser. An bambanta ta da ƙaramin girmanta, bera mai launin toka da kuma crest wide, mafi ci gaba a cikin mata. A lokacin bazara, aibobi fari suka zauna a bayan shugaban namiji.
Ruwa
Duck subfamily yana da rukuni - ruwa duck. Sun sami sunan su don hanyar samun abinci - ta amfani da ruwa. Wannan duck na arewa yana zaune ne a cikin lardin Arewacin Amurka, mafi yawan jama'a a Arewacin Amurka. Ruwa ducks zuwa kashi da yawa: marmara teals, dives, baƙar fata da kuma ruwan hoda-kai ducks. Dukkan nau'ikan, banda na teal, suna da launi mai kyau, mai walƙiya mai haske kuma suna da kyan gani a kan shimfidar wuri.
Marmara teal
Matsakaicin matsakaicin girma shine 600 g. Mace da namiji daidai suke da launi. Plwaya yana da launin toka-shuɗi tare da fuloti masu haske. Lokacin da tsuntsu ya hau kan ruwa, to wutsiyarsa tana tashi. Marmara yakan mutu mai zurfi sosai, wani lokacin yakan lulluɓe a kan bishiyoyi. Don rayuwa, an zaɓi tafkuna tare da reeds da ciyawa tare da bankunan. Habitat - Rasha, Indiya, Asiya, Spain.
An Bayar
Duck duck shi ne matsakaici a girma, yana da gajarta fuska da manyan kai. Yana zaune kan ruwa low, abinci, yafi ruwa. Duanan duck duck, matsakaici nauyi - 900 gr. Mace tana kama da duhun launin toka, namiji yana da kai mai haske da nono mai haske. Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace kuma masu launuka masu haske. Duck mai jan ido-jan ido, jan-nood da pampas ruwa suna fitowa.
Habitat - Yanayin Yanayin Yanayi, yawanci taiga da gandun daji-Rasha.
Cherneti
Kayan lemu na waje suna kama da ruwa, ana iya ganin wannan da sunan wasu nau'in. Birdsananan tsuntsayen jarirai tare da babban kai a kan ɗan gajeren wuya. Gemun baƙar fata yana da launin toka ko baƙi, ƙafafu tare da membranes na fata, launin toka mai duhu. Dukkanin tallafin suna da rafi mai haske akan fuka-fukan. Baƙar fata ba safai ba sa zuwa ƙasa; galibin lokacin da suke kashewa akan ruwa. Lokacin yin ruwa, zasu iya nutse rabin ko kuma cikakke.
Ana samun nau'ikan biyar a cikin Rasha: baƙar fata mai ruwan fata, crested, ja-head, rem and fari-eyed ido. Spaniya a Rasha ruwayen Amurka ne.
Har yanzu jinsuna: madaidaiciya mai launin shuɗi, Madagascar, nutsewar Australiya, ruwa mai zurfi, New Zealand da baƙar fata mai duhu.
Muryar Mallard
Muryar mace - kvachka (kira) - mai natsuwa ce, tana jujjuya tare da ɗan gajerun hutu, an auna ƙimin. Da jin amsar ko ganin dutsen yana tafe, duck ɗin daga bakin kwallayen yana ci gaba da kuka ga lamuran - jerin ɓarke da suka biyo bayan juna kusan ba tare da hutu ba.
Madadin bugawa, namiji yana da sautin murfin mara kunya "shaaak" ko "shyaaaark".
Yayin saduwa da mace, dolar za ta haifar da kara amma mai sautin kumburi tare da taimakon sirinji - samuwar kasusuwa a cikin kasan trachea.
Teal Cracker
Teal crackler wani ƙaramin ƙaramin duke ne da ke kusa da babban yatsan kafada. Length 34-41 cm, fuka-fuki 63-69 cm, nauyi 290-480 g.
Namiji a cikin babban abin da ya dace na banbanci ya bambanta da fararen fararen fararen da ke sama da ido a kan gaba na launin ruwan kasa gaba na kai. A saman kai mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ne, gefunan kai, kirji da wuya sune cakulan mai ruwan hoda mai hade da fari fari. Ragowar saman shine duhu-zaitun tare da haske gefukan fuka-fukan, jela mai launin shuɗi. Gefen jiki suna da launin toka-mai launin toka tare da yanayin bakin ciki mara kyau, ciki da ƙasa mara nauyi suna da fari mai duhu. Rufin fuka-fukai masu launin shuɗi-shudi ne, babban firam mai-fari-mai launin shuɗi ne, madubi mai launin kore, ɗan ƙaramin abu mai haske, yana da fararen fata a gaba da baya. Ta hanyar madubi, za a iya gano duck ɗin a cikin jirgi - yana kama da madubi na manyan-hanci, amma ya bambanta da na sautin. Beak dan kadan fadada, launin toka mai duhu. Bakan gizo launin ruwan kasa, kafafu suna launin toka.
A cikin gashin tsuntsaye na rani, namiji yayi kama da mace, daga wacce aka bambanta shi da wannan shuɗi ɗaya mai launin shuɗi-reshe a cikin fuka-fuki kamar bazara. Mace ba ta canza kaya ba - a duk tsawon shekara tana da launin ruwan hoda daɗaɗaɗɗa a kai kuma yana da kyau cikin duhu. Daga wasu nau'ikan tekun, za'a iya bambance dabbar da ke tattare da magana ta hancin dodo da kuma wuya, da kuma madaukai biyu masu haske wadanda suke wucewa daga gindi daga idanun ta baya. Matasa, ba tare da yin la'akari da jinsi ba, suna da wuyar rarrabewa daga mace mai girma: suna da amana ta hanyar jan mama da gefuna, kuma sun bambanta akan ciki.
Jirgin yayi shiru, amma yana da sauri kuma ba za'a iya motsa shi ba. Yana kashe kusan ba tare da cire-kashe ba. Saukowa akan ruwa abu ne mai sauki, kusan ba a ji sosai.
Teko Kloktun
Teal Kloktun, ko Kloktun, nau'in tsuntsu ne daga dangin ducks, guda ɗaya kacal a cikin asalin Sibirionetta, duniya iri-iri barazanar, wanda aka jera a cikin Red Books na IUCN da Russia. Teal Kloktun ya fi son wadatattun tafkuna da tafkuna masu yawa. Kaman Kloktun a yankin Asiya ta arewa ne daga Taimyr zuwa Tekun Okhotsk. Da alama, akwai farauta a Sakhalin. Sakamakon raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin teal-cloktun, nesting na wannan duck a cikin kewayon yanzu ya zama mai tsagewa kuma wanda bai dace ba. Ya fara ja da baya a Japan, amma a yau yawancin kloktunov ya tashi zuwa Koriya ta Kudu.
Kusa da kukan, amma lura ya fi girma, mafi yawa. Drake yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da doguwar farar fata mai launin fari da fari-fari zuwa ga mai launin toka-mai launin wutsiya, baƙar fata, farin ciki, ƙyallen da ke tattare da fuka-fukai, rabuwa da sassan da fararen fararen fata. A kan kai hadaddun, kyakkyawan tsari ne mai duhu, shuɗi mai haske, launin shuɗi, fararen filayen da layuka. Lissafi da iris duhu ne, kafafu suna launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi. Mace tayi daidai da muryar mace, amma tana da zagaye mai haske a bayan baki.
Muryar Squire
Mafi yawan kururuwar namiji shine mai yin sa-biyu mai daɗaɗɗen glissando, wanda aka kwatanta shi da wani nau'in wasan yara na roba kuma ana ɗaukarsa kamar "whi-y ...", "vvu ..." ko "pih ...". A cikin lokacin mating yana fitar da kuzari mai ƙarfi, ana watsa shi azaman “svvIirru…” ko “frrIirru”. Mace ta amsa mai daɗi, mara nauyi kamar “krrrr ... krrrr”, kwatankwacin ƙarshen baƙin baƙar fata.
Gogol
Gogol gama gari shine tsuntsu na gidan duck, duck na ruwa na matsakaici. Gidaje a cikin ramuka na bishiyoyi a gefen bankunan gandun daji; a cikin lokacin kiwo, ana sa shi cikin inuwa, a cikin kama akwai ƙwai na 5-13 tare da tren kore.
Chunky duck tare da babban kai da gajeren wuyansa. Length 42-50 cm, firam 65-80 cm, maza nauyi 750-1245 g, mace nauyi 500-182 g. Gefen ya kasance gajere kuma babba a gindi, yana da ƙaramar marigold. Namiji a cikin suturar aure yana da baki mai launin shuɗi mai launin ƙararen ƙarare, zagaye mai farin fari a ido a gindin gemun. Bakan gizo, launin baki. Chest, ciki da tarnaƙi suna farar fari, a kafaɗun fararen fata da fararen fata. Yawancin baya da wutsiya baƙi ne. Fuka-fukaf suna da launin ruwan kasa-baki, ban da babban farin “madubi” akan fikafikan sakandare, ƙirar reshe mai duhu ce. Kafafu sune lemo mai duhu tare da duhu, ciki harda membrane akan yatsun baya.
Mace na gani mara ƙaranci, tare da fifikon inuwa mai launin shuɗi. Shugaban yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da madaidaicin abin wuya. Bakan gizo rawaya ce mai launin shuɗi ko fari, baki mai launin toka ne mai duhu, yawanci yana da ruwan lemo ko launin rawaya a saman. Jiki na sama yana smoky launin toka, ƙananan fararen fata. A saman fikaffi mai launin fata-maraƙi ne, tare da wani farin madubi irin na maza. Bugu da kari, a saman madubi a kanngon akwai wasu karin fararen abubuwa biyu. Kafafu sun lalace idan aka kwatanta da maza - sun fi rawaya ruwan lemo. A cikin kayan bazara, namiji ya zama kamar mace, duk da haka, tana riƙe da tsarin fikafikan nata ɗaya, ba uku, tabo mai haske. Tsuntsayen matasa kusan ba su bambanta da mace girma, amma suna da iris brownish.
Muryar Gogol
A yayin zanga-zangar ma'aurata, namiji yakan fito da wata karamar huka ta “bi-biizz, abin mamaki”, yawanci yana tare da busasshen busasshen kayan kwalliya da makamantansu. Mace ta amsa tare da mai da hankali “burrr-burrr”, sau da yawa akan tashi - sauti iri ɗaya ne baƙi. Baya ga muryar, ana jin gogol ta muryar manyan fikafikan fuka-fukai masu tashi a cikin jirgin. Istiƙar girgizawa halayyar ɗaiyoyi masu yawa ne, amma gogol ne kawai yake da irin wannan sanannen sauti mai sananne.
Wuta
Ogary ko duck duck yana daya daga cikin manyan duwatsun da ake iya sanin su, da farko saboda halayyar launuka masu haske mai kama da shuki, ruwa ne na dangin ducks, kama da pegans.
Wannan babban tsuntsu mai tsayi a kafafunta tare da yanayinta, doguwar wuyansa, gajeren zango da kuma fikafikan tufka da fikafikan kwalliya tayi kama da karamin goge fiye da na duke na hali. Girman girma da kuma girmansu suna daidai da na sigunan: tsayin 61-67 cm, fuka-fuki sau 1-1 da 145, nauyi 1000- 1600 g. Tsarin mafi yawan jikinsa yana da launin ja sosai, yana jujjuyawa cikin kawuna da wuyansa. Whearfe, ƙusoshin da wutsiya baƙaƙen fata ne, a cikin lamura biyu na ƙarshe masu launin shuɗi. A cikin manya da ƙananan bangarorin fuka-fukai, ɓaragun suna da manyan fararen fata waɗanda suke bayyane a sarari a cikin tsuntsu mai tashi. A gefen wasu ƙananan kwari masu saukar ungulu akwai wuri mai launin kore - da ake kira "madubi". Bakan gizo, baki da kafafu baƙi ne. Akwai ƙananan bakin ciki, ƙarami da manyan hakora a gefen gefen baki da baki.
A cikin kayan canjin, an bambanta namiji ta gaban wata karamar bakin "bakin wuya" a saman sashin wuya, kuma mace, a biyun, tare da wuta, kusan fararen gashin fuka-fukan a kai na kai. In ba haka ba, ba a bayyanar da canjin yanayi ga maza da maza, sai dai bayyanannun bayyanannun kwatancen maza sun zama kadan. Tsuntsayen yara suna kama da mace mai girma, amma idan aka kwatanta da ita suna kama da mara kyau, da fikafikan fikafi maimakon launin fari.
Muryar ogre
Yin kururuwa har shekara guda. Yana da fasahar magana ta dabi'a, wanda za'a iya kwatanta tsuntsu da muryar geese na Kanada ko kuma ma da nisan jakin gida. Mafi yawan kuka da ake yi akan ƙasa da jirgin sama shine "ang ..." ko "ƙungiya ...", wani lokacin ana shimfiɗa shi cikin kalmomi biyu da sauti kamar "aak ..." ko "wowak ...". A ƙarshen wannan kukan, sau da yawa mutum yakan iya jin ƙarancin murhun "arrrr ...". Sautin da tsuntsayen mata daban ke iya bambancewa tsakanin su: muryar mace yawanci tana da karfi, mai zurfi da kaifi, sautin “a” yana gudana a ciki, yayin da namiji ya rera sauti “o”.
Marina baki
Baƙin ruwan baƙi shine matsakaici mai ruwa-ruwa na dangin duck, babban ruwa mai narkewa. Yana ciyar da yafi akan mollusks da kore sassan tsire-tsire masu ruwa, wanda yake zana daga ƙasa jikin jikin ruwa.
Danshi babban ruwa daskararru na m jiki tare da kai zagaye, babban jiki da gajeren wuya. Tsayin Jikin 42-52 cm, maza yayi awo 744-1372 grams, mace 690- 1312 grams. A launi, bayyana jima'i dimorphism. Perarfin kwalliya yana bambanta baƙar fata da fari - baƙin gashin gashin kai, wuya, gaban kirji, ƙananan baya da gashin tsuntsu a bayan kirji da ciki. Fifikon Farko da wutsiya sune launin launin shuɗi, fararen sakandare tare da fiɗa baƙi. Koma da mara baya suna alamta, tare da maimaitattun abubuwa masu launin toka da fari. Bangarorin farare ne fari, kuma wani ɓangare mai launin shuɗi tare da farin streaks. Underashin sashin d and a da kuma na ƙarƙashin sashin fuka-fukai masu launin shuɗi ne masu launin shuɗi tare da fararen fata. Beak ne mai launin toka-mai launin toka tare da karamin baƙi “ƙusa”. Kafafu kuma suna da launin toka-toshi, iris shine shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. A cikin adon naɗaɗɗa a kan maza, shuɗi ko shunayya mai launin kore a bayyane bayyane. Mace an fentin yafi launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa, mai haske akan tarnaƙi da kirji. A kusa da ginin beak ne mai tsananin kyau zoben fuka-fukai. Wani bakin farin lemu ya fito daga bakin gras zuwa kunne. Tsuntsayen samari suna kama sosai da mace.
Kifar ruwan fata yana da alaƙa da kusanci kuma ana iya kama da alama ga launin baki a gabashin hemisphere da kuma ƙananan ruwan baƙi na yamma. Ya bambanta daga duka nau'in a cikin manyan girma dabam. Idan aka kwatanta da murhun bakin tebur, an bambanta maƙarƙashiyar ta ƙarancin ƙarancin baya ta rashi, rashi na crest da launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai kan. Kyakkyawan fasalin mace shine farar fata farar fata a kusa da baki. Bambanci daga karamin bahar ruwan hoda ba shi da masaniya - ban da wani banbanci mai girma a girman, na ƙarshen ma yana da ƙaramin zube a kansa, ƙasan wutsiya ba launin shuɗi ba ce, amma haske tare da ratsin duhu, amma reshe yana da duhu.
Pegans
Peganka, ko ataika, babban ruwa ne na dangin ducks, a cikin taxonomy yana da matsayin matsakaici tsakanin geese da ducks na hali, bayyanar da halayyar ta kama da waɗannan rukunin tsuntsayen biyu.
Babban dutsen da ke da wuyan wuyan wuyansa, kai da kafafuwa, da ya fi girma girma fiye da matsayin mallard, amma kadan kadan da tsintsiya. Tsawon 58-67 cm, fuka-fukan 110 - 133 cm, maza nauyin 0.8-1.5 kilogiram, mace nauyi 0.5-1.3 kg An bayyana shi sosai koda daga nesa mai nisa saboda keɓaɓɓe - launuka masu launuka masu haske, ba kamar kowane ba. a wani nau'in nau'in nau'in tsuntsu.
Matsayi gaba daya na fari shine fari, wanda akan baki da koren shuɗi mai launin fari, mai haske mai haske mai haske, wani jan launi mai launin fata daga kirji zuwa ƙyallen wucin gadi, ratsin baki a kafada da kuma tsakiyar ciki, kuma baƙar fata mai tashi da umarni ta farko da ta biyu sun bambanta. Undearshen tare da ɗan haske launin ruwan kasa mai laushi. A kan kananan daskararru, kore webs na waje sun zama madubi - alama ce ta tsaran tsageran. Wutsiyoyi fari farare da baƙar fata. Bakan gizo ja launin ruwan kasa, kafafu ruwan hoda. Dimbin jima'i ana bayyana shi kaɗan. Namiji ya fi girma sama da mace kuma yana da jan farjin girma a kan baki, wanda aka ambata a lokacin tarawar. Bugu da kari, mace tana da fararen zoben fuka-fukan a kusa da ido. Tsuntsayen yara suna kama da mace, suna bambanta da ita ta gemun-hanci da kuma rashin madubi a reshe. Ra'ayin Monotypic.
Tsaya murya
Matararrawar kukan drake - ɗan gajeren waƙoƙi mai ban sha'awa, a farkon wanda mutum zai iya jin sautin ƙararraki - gaba ɗaya yana juyar da wani abu kamar "xx-trick". Yaron na iya yin wannan kukan duka a kan tashi da zaune a kan ruwa, tare da shi tare da wuyan wuyansa. Wani saɓani mai kama da kama, amma ya fi tsayi kuma ba tare da shigowa da shigowarsa ba, yana fitar da ƙaramin buguwa. Mace quakes kamar mallard da duck na cikin gida, amma kuma yafi yin nasiha kuma tare da samun nutsuwa a hankali.
Ja ruwa kai
Duke da duke-duck dabbare ne mai matsakaici, wanda aka saba da shi a latitude na Turai da Siberiya, da kuma karamin yanki a arewacin Afirka. Ya kai matsayi mafi girma a cikin gandun daji-steppe strip kuma a kudu na yankin dajin.
Duck na ruwa mai matsakaici tare da gajeren wutsiya da dogon wuya. Ya yi kama da ƙarancin haske fiye da na mallard: tsawon jikin 42-49 cm, firam mai zurfi 720 -820, maza sunkai 585- 1300 g, mace tana da nauyin 467-100 g .. Shugaban da goiter suna da farin ciki-ja ko ja, ƙyallen kirji, da ja, nono da yanki kewaye da wutsiya baƙar fata ne (kirji tare da haske mai haske), baya da tarnaƙi sune launin toka tare da ƙaramin juzu'i masu buɗe ido (a cikin hasken rana waɗannan yankuna sunyi kama da shuɗi), bakan gizo ja. "Madubi" akan reshe ya ɓace. Matar tana da sautin launin shuɗi gaba ɗaya launin shuɗi-mai launin toka tare da yanayin launin toka mai haske a baya da bangarorin. Shugaban yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da wurare masu haske a makogwaro kuma kusa da baki. Bangarorin sun yi launin ja, ciki ya bushe fararen fata, iris duhu ne launin ruwan kasa. Kayan bazara na namiji da ta mace yana kama da dabbar ta hanyar canjin, amma da ɗan duller, tare da inuwa mai launin shuɗi maimakon baƙar fata a cikin kwarkwata da launin toka mai kauri a cikin duck. A jikin mata da maza, baki yana da tsayi, mai baƙar fata a gindi kuma a ƙarshen, launin ruwan-toka a tsakiya. Gefan yana concave, a gindi lafiya, ba tare da lanƙwasa ba, ya wuce cikin goshin, kuma a ƙarshen yana da ƙaramin ƙugiya. Tsuntsayen yara suna kama da mace a lokacin bazara, amma suna da launuka masu kyau na baya.
Muryar Rawar kai
A kullun shiru duck. Namiji na yanzu yana ɗaukar sautin mara ƙarfi, mai kama da duwatsun ruwa, a ƙarshen abin da ya ɗauka kwatsam ya zama ɗan gajeren hancin hanci, a hankali yana jin sautin karar harsashi. A lokacin har ila yau ana wallafa wasu jerin gajerun gajerun maganganu "Ki-ki-ki", wanda ya kunshi kalmomi uku ko hudu. Muryar mace sautin kaifi ne, mai kaifin "krrr", wani lokaci ana bugawa akan tashi.
Farin-ido mai ido
Duck mai fari mai ido ko fari mai fiɗa shine tsuntsu na dangin duck. Ruwa ya sami sunan ta domin launi - idanun idanun a aljihun fari-fari ne (daga nesa da alama alama fararensa), da aka jera a cikin littafin Red, rukuni na rarity - 2.
Duck mai fararen ido-duck matsakaici ne mai nauyin kilogram 0.4 zuwa 0.65. A launi da girma tsuntsaye ne gaba ɗaya launin ruwan kasa. A kayan sawa irin na mace, namiji yana da fararen farin ciki da guna, garesu launin ruwan kasa, gefe na sama, har ma da warkoki masu launin fata a gindin wuya. Akwai farin madubi akan reshe. Mace ce mai paler, kuma idonta na launin ruwan kasa.
Red nosed nutsar
Ruwan jannun nono, daskararren ruwan hoda, wata dabba ce mai kama da juna, wanda, gwargwadon sifofin halittar sa, wata hanya ce ta canji tsakanin ainihin, ko kogi, ducks da ruwa. Jirgin wannan nutse ya fi sauki fiye da na ducks, yana tashi da son rai kuma ya fi su yawa. Sau da yawa yakan tafi bakin ruwa don ciyarwa, yana tafiya akan ƙasa da yardar rai fiye da yadda ruwan sama yake, kuma lokacin da ake buƙata yana gudana da sauri. Danshi yana da kyau, amma yakan yi karanci sau da kafa fiye da sauran ruwa, kodayake ya fi girma, kuma mafi kyau fiye da duwatsun kogi, wani lokacin ya zama "kyandir", kamar ducks na gaske. Daga ruwa sama ya fi nauyi fiye da duffai na gaske, amma sun fi wuta ruwa. Fushi mai firgitarwa ko kuma abin birgewa, jan ruwa mai cike da jan ruwa, yana buɗe kai daga ruwa kawai kai da wuya, kamar loons.
Dodan-mai kafaɗar duhun ruwa babban dabbar ɗamara ce, mai nauyi daga kilogram 1 zuwa 1.5. Namijin jan-nosed mai ruwa a cikin kayan fitina yana da kyau kwarai. Abu ne mai sauki a rarrabe ta babban ja mai haske, jan baki mai haske da paws ja, kirji da ciki baki.Mace daga launi mara haske launin ruwan kasa mai haske da ƙasa mai haske da kuma cheeks mai haske. Namiji a lokacin rani yana kama da mace, amma ƙananan jikinsa sunyi duhu kuma gashin kansa ya fi launin ruwan kasa.
Baire na ruwa
Ruwa daga ruwa, ko ruwa na Baer, nau'in tsuntsu ne da ba a taɓa samu daga dangin ducks ba. Sunaye bayan masanin halitta Karl Ernst von Baer, da aka jera a cikin littafin ja, rukuni mai wuya - 3.
A zahiri kusan yayi kama da na fari-ido-nutse. Ana san kwanyar kwanyar ta hanyar girma, in aka kwatanta da sauran wakilan wannan asalin. Duananan duck, tsawon reshe na maza 200-240, mace 190-215 mm: mace-macen maza 32-36, mace daga 30 mm, tsawon baki maza 44, mace 43 mm.
Matasan tsuntsaye a farkon gashin tsuntsu. Shugaban ya zama launin ruwan kasa mai haske da kambi mai duhu, ɓangaren dorsal yayi daidai da launin ruwan kasa, goiter da gaban kirji suna launin ruwan kasa, ƙarshen kirji ya yi fari da launin shuɗi-baki, ciki mai launin shuɗi-baki, ƙwallon ƙafa yana da fari. Wings, kamar tsuntsayen manya. Lissafin launin toka ne mai duhu, idanu suna launin ruwan kasa, kafafu suna launin toka mai launin baƙi.
Mace ta girma. Vertex da nape baki tare da kadan greenish Sheen, kai bangarorin duhu m-kasa-kasa. Kafadu da alkyabbar launin toka-launin ruwan kasa masu ruwan shuɗi, gaba da wutsiyoyi masu launin ruwan kasa-ƙasa. A makogwaro da wuya a gaban wani hadadden farin, goiter da kirji na sama m-kasa-kasa. Sauran kirji da rashin farin ciki sune fararen fata tare da baƙar fata, ciki yana da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa tare da mafi girma ko ƙasa da farin farin. Garkunan suna da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da gashin tsuntsaye. Fuka-fukan, kamar na ɗan adam, kawai webs ɗin cikin da ke cikin manyan fuka-fukan fuka-fukan ba farau bane, amma launin toka mai haske. Idanu yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne.
Akwai farin speck a kan Chin. A baya da kusoshi sune matte baki. Tufafin yana da launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi tare da ƙaramin jann baki. Goiter da gaban kirji suna da launin ja-kirjin, kashin baya da kirjin farin ciki ne, ciki ya juye da launin toka-toka a cikin bangarorin masu launin ja-kirjin. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce-baƙi. Tsuntsayen farko na tsuntsu masu launin shuɗi-fari tare da farin webs na ciki, a cikin tsintsiyar farko ta saƙa dukansu fararen fata ne, gwaggon biri ya kasance duhu. Oraramin fuka-fuki tare da babban baƙar fata mai fiɗa suna samar da farin madubi. Fikafikan sutura sama sama mai launin ruwan kasa-ruwan hoda da ƙoshin zaitun. Beak ne launin toka tare da tushe na baki da marigold. A paws su ma suna launin toka. Bakan gizo fari ko launin rawaya mai haske.
Merganser na gama gari
Matsakaici matsakaici babban duck ne, girman girman mallard, tare da kunkuntar, katako mai tsayi. Tsawon Jiki ya kai mita 0.5 Wingspan 67-86 cm.
Girman maza shine 1000 - 1300 g .. Shugaban, baya da baya na baki ne da launin shuɗi, wuya da ciki na fari ne, akwai wani ƙaramin abu mai rauni a garesu, kirji yana da ja da fari. A bayan kai kusa da drake akwai fuka-fukan gashin tsuntsu da aka yi nazarinsa. Beak, bakan gizo da ƙafafu suna ja. Ba kamar babban merganser ba, goiter mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin fari ne. A cikin muƙamuƙi na sama daga gaban gaban hanci akwai hakora 18 ko fiye (a cikin manyan merganser - 13-15).
Mace tana da launin toka mai launin toka mai launin baki da ƙwaya, yayin da iyakar launin ruwan kasa da launuka masu launin toka a wuyansa ke birgima, ta baya tana da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Ya bambanta da merganser na mata in babu farin tabo a ƙarƙashin baki. Crest na mace yayi gajarta fiye da na namiji.
Dogon bakin bakin ciki na taimaka wajan kama ganima kuma yayi kama da zanen katako.
Lara ko Littlean Merganser
Loot ko ƙaramin merganser ruwa ne na dangin duck da ke zaune a cikin jikunan ruwa na ruwa a arewacin Turai, Siberiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Phylogenetically ya sami matsakaiciyar matsayi tsakanin merganser da gogol, kuma yana da kayan aikin waje na gungun tsuntsayen biyu. Ya yi iyo tare da wutsiyarsa a cikin ruwa, ya mutu da kyau.
Duan wasan duck, daskararre mai santsi sosai wanda yake da alaƙa tare da mergansers kuma ana haɗa shi sau da yawa tare da su. Daga cikin alamomin gama gari akwai murfin fuka-fukai a kan kai da kuma gajeren kunkuntar baki, gefenta waɗanda aka rufe da hakora. Girman dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da murhun ɗumbin murda: tsawon jikin 38-444 cm, nauyin namiji 510-935 g, nauyin mata 500-6680 g. Namiji a cikin kayan dabbar yana farin tare da bayan baƙi da kuma bambancin baƙar fata a kai, wuya da reshe. Cikakkun bayanai na roba mai launin baki: wani yanki mai siffa mai kyau tsakanin ido da baki, raunin da yatsa mai tsawo ko aibi a bangarorin yatsun, yakasance a bayan kai, da kuma kunkuntar ratsi a bangarorin kirji.
Mace ta fi yin birgima a kowane lokaci na shekara: tana da ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi kai da baya na wuya, farin makogwaro da goiter, huhun ash-da baya da farin ciki. A lokacin rani, haɓakar baƙar fata tana haɓaka tsakanin gindin baki da ido a cikin mace. Iris na drake ne datti fari, duck mai duhu launin ruwan kasa. A lokacin rani, Drake ya zama kamar mace, yana bambanta da shi ta kusan baki (amma ba duhu launin toka) gaban bango da launin ruwan kasa a ido. Birdsaramin tsuntsaye sun fi kama da mace, duk da haka, ana rarrabe su da gajeriyar magana, rashin wuri mai duhu a ido, da kuma duhu goiter da tarnaƙi. Ba ya samar da tallafi.
Muryar Loot ko Meran Merganser
Mafi yawan lokaci shiru. Namiji na ɗan lokaci lokaci-lokaci yana yin sauti mai zurfi tare da “shaƙuwa” a ƙarshen, da ɗan tunannin tsatsauran tsintsaye. Muryar mace amintacciyar magana ce - "jahannama", mai kama da sautin da matan baƙi suke yi. Bugu da kari, mace tana halin sha'awar - sautin motsi na monosyllabic. Baya ga lokacin kiwo, mace kuma ana iya jin ta a lokacin rani yayin lamuran zuriya.
Savka
Savka shine kawai ɗan asalin wakilcin subfamily a cikin Palaearctic. Dangane da Listungiyar Lissafi ta Redungiyar Lantarki (Red Jerin IUCN) ana ɗauka wani nau'in haɗari ne mai haɗari (Endangered, EN).
Savka katako ce mai matsakaici Tsawon 43 - 48 cm, nauyin 500-900, nauyi tsawon sashi na maza 15.7 - 17,2 cm, mace - 14.8 - 16.7 cm, fikafikai 62 - 70 cm. wani farin kai tare da karamin “hula” mai launin shuɗi, mai kumburin shuɗi “mai kumbura” a gindin, launi na jiki ya ƙunshi haɗuwa da shuɗi mai duhu, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa da furanni mara nauyi tare da ƙaramin duhu mai duhu a cikin nau'i mai ƙoshin fari ko yanayin rashi. Mace tana da launuka gaba daya kamar na namiji, amma kai ne launi iri daya kamar na sauran jikin kuma yana da karin sautunan launin ruwan kasa a launuka masu launuka masu haske a farji suna halayyar mutum, gemun yana da launin toka. A cikin namiji a cikin kayan bazara, baki ya zama launin toka, bakar fata "hula" a kai ya zama ya fi fadi. A cikin bazara da bazara, maza da kusan baki baki ke haɗuwa da haɓaka farar fata daban a kan kunci - daga gashin fuka-fukai zuwa ɗaukacin fuka-fukai, berayensu launin toka ne ko shuɗi - waɗannan su ne yawancin tsuntsaye masu shekaru. Matasa suna kama da mace, amma kaɗan kaɗan, kuma raunin da ke kan kunci da gaban wuya akwai haske, kusan fari. Jaket na ƙasa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da ratsi haske a kan cheeks. A kowane yanayi da shekaru, yana da halin halin yin iyo tare da wani nau'in wutsiyar wutsiya wanda aka yi da fuka-fukan wuya tare da shi a tsaye.
Tangerine
Mandarin duck karamin tsuntsu ne na halittar ducks na dangin duck. Wani dutsen mandarin yana zaune ne a Yankin Gabas, an jera shi cikin Red Book of Russia a matsayin nau'in halitta mai saukin ganewa.
Dansandan mandarin yayi iyo sosai, yayin da yake zaune a saman ruwa tare da warinsa dan kadan. Yana rayuwa da wuya, kawai idan ya ji rauni. Jirginsa na sauri da sauri kuma yana tafiya da sauri, yakan kashe sauƙi, wani lokacin kusan madaidaiciya. Ba kamar yawancin ducks ba, ana iya ganin dutsen mandarin sau da yawa yana zaune a kan rassan bishiyoyi ko a gabar dutse.
Dankin Mandarin karamin duck ne mai nauyin kilogram 0.4-0.7. Tsawon reshe na tsoffin tangerines ya bambanta tsakanin 210-245 mm. Dogayen dabbar dabbar da ta cancanci ta zama a tsakanin wasu ducks a cikin launi mai haske na zubewa. Namiji yana da tsinke a kansa kuma yana da launi mai haske fiye da mace. Akwai wasu, wadanda ba a amfani da su ba, suna: "Mandarin duck", ko "duck na kasar Sin."
Kamenushka
Dutse ya bazu sosai a Arewa Maso Gabashin Siberiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Yankin Yammacin Amurka, Greenland, Iceland. Tana zaune a tsaunuka, galibi koguna na yankin kankara. A cikin mafi yawan kewayon, tsuntsu mai ƙaura. Zakarun Duniya a Yankin Pacific da Tekun Atlantika wanda ke kudu da wuraren da ake farauto su. A cikin hunturu, ya tsaya a kan teku a kan gabar ruwa.
An bambanta shi da sauran ducks ta launi na fidinsa: duhu mai ban sha'awa tare da m ja tarnaƙi, wani farin jinjirin tabo a gaban ido, farin abin wuya, farin aibobi da ratsi a bangarorin kai da jiki. Kansa da wuyansa sun baki, mara nauyi. Matar ma duhu ce, tana da fararen abubuwa uku a kanta.
Moryanka
- Sailor, auleika - Clangula hyemalis
Sailor, sauc ko mall - wakilin dangin duck, karamin duck duck. Daga cikin tsuntsayen, daya daga cikin hadaddun tsakanin tsuntsaye shine tsarin mai ba da umarni, sakamakon wanda mace da namiji suna da launuka daban daban a damuna, damuna, a ƙarshen lokacin kiwo da kuma a farkon shekarar rayuwa.
Duan ƙaramin duhun tare da kai mai keɓaɓɓu, gajeren wuyansa da gajeren gajere. Tsawon maza shine 55-60 cm (gami da dogon wutsiya), tsayin mace shine 37-41 cm, fuka-fukan shine 73-79 cm, nauyin shine 450-900 g. Namiji yana da dogon wutsiya mai tsayi (har zuwa cm 13) da kuma gashin gashin wutsiya na tsakiyar, wanda duck yake riƙe da sama a saman ruwa. Fuka-fukan suna da kunkuntar kuma suna nuna, kadan shaye, a cikin dukkan jinsi suna duhu cikin launi a kowane lokaci na shekara. Fita daga ruwa, yin dogon gudu akan iska.
Kamar yadda sauran yawancin ducks ɗin suke, ɗaukan ma'ana yana haifar da ƙarancin jima'i. Haka kuma, wani salo na musamman game da wannan nau'in shine lokaci uku (a cikin wasu tsuntsaye, daya ko biyu) molt a kowace shekara, sakamakon wanda kwastomomin ke da kyawawan hunturu, dabbar ta hanyar canjin da kuma kayan bazara. A cikin maza, daga rabin na biyu na Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni, shugaban (ban da hasken bangarorin), wuyansa da kirji suna da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, ɓangaren sashin jiki yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan hoda tare da jan launi mai haske a kafadu, tarnaƙi da ƙasa sune launin fari-fari. Moarfin bazara ya ɗan canza hoto na gaba ɗaya - gashin fuka-fukan kafada sun yi gajarta kuma sun rasa saututtansu masu launin ja, rarrabewar gashin fuka-fukai suna bayyana kan kai da kuma ƙyallen hannu. Gashin baki na maza, wanda a cikin bazara ya sami launin shuɗi, lokacin wannan lokacin ya zama baki gaba ɗaya. A watan Satumba, kwarjinin sun canza yanayin su sosai - kai da wuya sun zama fari, manyan cakulan suna bayyana a garesu na kai, da kuma cakulan iri daya a kirji.
A cikin mace, ana iya rarrabe nau'ikan plumage biyu: bazara (daga Mayu zuwa Agusta) da hunturu. Gabaɗaya, ɗayan duck yana haɗuwa da launin ruwan kasa, cakulan da launin toka, duhu a cikin lokacin farauta. A cikin tufafin mace, kai da wuya suna da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu (akwai filin launin toka a gaban ido, akwai tabo mai haske mai zurfi a bayan ido, daidai yanki mai haske a wuyan), kirji yana da launin shuɗi-baki, saman yana da launin ruwan kasa mai ɗauke da kaifin haske mai haske, ciki fari. A cikin hunturu, kai ya kan zama fari fari, barin manyan duhu a saman kai da kuma cheeks. Abubuwan da suka rage na jikinsu an kiyaye su gabaɗaya, kodayake yana yin haske sosai. Umarshe na baya ya samu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Tsuntsayen yara suna kama da mace, suna bambanta da ita a cikin mafi launi mai launi na babba na jikinta.
Muryar wani mai jirgin ruwa
Sailor wani tsuntsu ne mai yawan surutu, musamman a damina da farkon bazara. Jin kukan namiji shine babban larynx "ahamullahi", saboda haka halayyar wannan nau'in da mazauna garin ke kiranta da suna "auleika" ko "avlik". Namiji yakan yi kuka sau da yawa kuma a kowane dalili - yayin zaman aure, takaddama kan filaye, yakar mace, yawo da sauka, a kan tashi. A cikin garken, babban kwalara na drakes yana da jituwa kuma, a lokaci guda, da ɗan yayi kama da sautin jakar. Kari akan haka, dukkan biyun ana alakanta su da tsananin son rai, giciye tsakanin “o”, “a”, da “u”, galibi ana jin su daga garken da ke tashi.
Yawan nau'ikan ducks daji
A cikin duka, akwai nau'ikan ducks sama da 110 a cikin duniya. Kimanin nau'ikan 35 ke zaune a Rasha. Mafi na kowa su ne:
- Mallard,
- Nemo,
- Red kai
- Duck
- Gogol
- Peganka,
- Sviyaz,
- An rufe baki
Abu ne mai wuya a rarrabe jinsuna da ragi, saboda haka ana kiran kananan tsuntsayen teals, kuma ana nuna iri iri da kari: