A cikin yawancin hanyoyin ruwa, sinadarin fluorine shine 2. 15 MG a 1 KI na busasshen abu. Mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na biogenic an samo su a cikin Antarctic krill. Babban adadin macro- da microelements ana lissafta su ta hanyar alli da magnesium.
Krill shine kayan albarkatu mai wadatar abubuwa da yawa. Lokacin haɓaka fasahar su, yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da takamaiman abubuwan wannan abun, da farko, babban aikin kariya na enzymes na gabobin ciki da. Sakamakon haka, ɓarna mai sauri na krill bayan kamawa. Yana haifar da wasu matsaloli don samun samfuran tare da ingantaccen sunadarai da halayen organoleptik daga krill, canji a cikin kewayon halayen sunadarai masu yawa dangane da girman, shekaru, jima'i, yanayi da kuma wurin zama.
Shrimp yana dauke da fasalin-fasalin jikin mutum. A cikin girman da taro da abun da ke ciki na nama, sun bambanta sosai dangane da Shrimp. Fiye da nau'ikan shrimp 100 suna da darajar kasuwanci. Yawancinsu ana kama su cikin ruwa mai zurfi da ruwa mai zafi. A cikin ruwa mai zafi na arewacin hemisphere, kusan nau'ikan 65 suna da kasuwanci da yuwuwar kasuwanci, amma a cikinsu akwai nau'ikan 2 nau'ikan da ke da ƙima da daraja: ƙarancin yashi da tudun ƙoshin ruwan teku na arewa (siffa 2.22).
Hoto 2.22. Arewa shrimp. 1 - rostra 2 - eriya ta farko: 3 - cprapactsnma: 4 - muƙamuƙi, 5 - ƙaiƙayi na ƙaƙƙarfan mahaifa na huɗu, 6 - ƙaiƙayi mai nauyi na ma'aurata, 7 - matan yogi, ”S - ƙafafun cinya, 9 - uropoy, 10 - teleson
nau'in kasuwanci. A cikin jatan lande, naman da ake cinye yana cikin wutsiya (ciki), an rufe shi da hanyoyin kwasfa. A cikin cephalothorax, gabobin ciki na waɗannan hydrobionts suna da hankali.
Girman girma da nauyin shrimp ya dogara da nau'in, shekaru, da yanayin ilimin dabbobi. Tsawon jikin jigon yana daga 6 zuwa 20 cm, nauyin ma'aunin guda ɗaya yakai 5 zuwa 50 g, kayan naman daga 30 zuwa 40% na nauyin jikin. Don haka, jigon ganye na ganye daga 4 zuwa 35 g (wanda yake shine mafi girma shine I0. I2 g), berim shrimp yana daga 25 zuwa 80 g, shrimp shine ya kasance daga 50 zuwa 60 g, yash shrimp daga 6 zuwa 8 g ne, shrimp ruwan hoda daga 5 zuwa 12 g.
Shrimp akai-akai canza harsashi (molt). A lokacin molting, naman shrimp nama ya ragu a cikin girma kuma ya zama ruwa, sakamakon abin da ƙimar darajar ta ragu sosai. Abubuwan sunadarai na naman wasu nau'ikan shrimp iri ɗaya ne kuma yana dauke da ruwa 71.5. 79.6%, abubuwa masu narkewa 16. 22%, lipids 0.7. 2.3%, ma'adanai har zuwa 2.0%. Rimanyen shrimp suna ɗauke da ruwa (65%), lipids (3.4%), ma'adanai (22%), ƙarancin nitrogen (6.7%) da chitin (5%).
Abubuwan kariya sunadarai na kayan abinci sun cika. Abubuwan da ke tattare da nitrogenous na naman jatan lande sun hada da 22.25% na jimlar nitrogen kuma galibi sune wakilan amino acid da polypeptides suke wakilta. Naman Shrimp ya ƙunshi daga 1.0 zuwa 120 mg / 100 g na indole.
Fiye da kitse mai kitse 40 an gano su a cikin abubuwan samar da abincin shrimp. A cikin su, asidaccen mai mai asusu ya haura har zuwa 25%, kuma yawan adadin mayukan kitse wanda ba shi da gamsarwa tare da adadin shaidu biyu daga 1 zuwa 6 na iya kaiwa zuwa kashi 73% na jimlolin mai.
Kifi
Abin mahimmanci kayan abinci ne. Yankin kamun kifi tun farkon shekarun 1900 a Norway, sannan a wasu ƙasashe. Sayayyun peeled, dafa shi ko sanyaya a cikin jaka. Shahararren abun ciye-ciye.
Amfani da shi don samar da alkaline phosphatase (SAP), enzyme da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ilimin ƙwayoyin halittar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Paceaurin jirgin yana aiki a matsayin tushen chitosan.
Habitat na arewacin m shrimp ruwan hoda.
Girgin ruwan shudi na arewa yana zaune cikin zurfin mita 20 zuwa 1330. Ana sa su a cikin ƙasa mai taushi da siliki, a cikin ruwan teku tare da zazzabi na 0 ° C zuwa +14 ° C da kuma salinity na 33-34. A zurfin har zuwa mita ɗari uku, gunkin shrimp form.
Arewa shrimp (Pandalus boralis)
Shin kun gaji da sayin shrimp da aka girka cikin ruwa mara kyau a kan gonakin kasar Sin kuma?
Musamman a gare ku, labarinmu na yau game da ɗayan nau'ikan shrimp da ke samun shahararru a tsakanin masu cin abincin Rasha wanda shekaru masu yawa suna watsi da gourmets na gaskiya ba bisa ka'ida ba. Labari ne arewacin zurfin shrimp.
Arewa shrimp: ɗauka ko a'a
Na farko, wasu bayanan kimiyya. Riman shrimp na Arewa (Pandalus borealis), in ba haka ba, shrimp-zurfin teku, daji ko shrimp arewacin arewa. Mafi suna gama gari shine chillim na arewa. An rarraba shi cikin ruwan shayi na Tekun Gabas. Ya yi ƙasa da takwarorinsa na ruwa mai ɗumi, kuma yana rayuwa a zurfin da, a cewar maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, na iya kasancewa tsakanin mita 20 zuwa 1150. Wataƙila, a baya, ɗan ƙaramin sha'awa game da irin wannan jatan da ke cikin masunta na Rasha suna da alaƙa da wannan gaskiyar. Kwanan nan, a farkon 90s, an ba da irin wannan nau'in shrimp, kuma kwanan nan ya kasance ɗayan manyan wuraren kamun kifi a cikin Tekun Gabas.
Yi magana game da shrimp na daji
Ku yi imani da ni, masoya mata da maza, wannan ƙaramar wakilcin ruwan sanyi ya cancanci wannan. Amfanin abinci mai mahimmanci na shrimp na arewa yana da matuƙar girma. Gida na ɗabi'a, ruwan sanyi, yana da babban tasiri ga dandano da abun ciki a cikin manya na abubuwa da dama masu amfani. Waɗannan sune bitamin na rukuni B (kuma duka.), A, C, D, E, PP, irin macroelements kamar alli, potassium, sodium, magnesium da phosphorus a cikin adadi mai yawa, da abubuwan ganowa: ƙarfe, zinc, jan ƙarfe, manganese da selenium . M, ko ba haka ba! Amma ban da wannan, an samo fiye da kitse 40 na kitse a cikin lipids na arewacin shrimps, daga cikinsu abubuwan da ke cikin polyunsaturated acid na iya kaiwa kashi 73% na yawan abubuwan.
Mun gama da shi: dauke shi ba da gangan ba
Irin waɗannan baƙi masu amfani akan teburinmu ba su da yawa. Amma idan kun ci arewacin jatan landan aƙalla sau biyu a mako, zaku kiyaye kanku daga ɗimbin cututtuka masu yawa, hana gashi da ƙoshin gashi, zaku zama samari kuma kuna jin daɗi. Kasancewar kullun shrimp na arewa a cikin abincinku yana taimakawa haɓaka haɗakar jini da daidaituwar hormonal. Kuma dandano na musamman zai ba da tabbacin kyakkyawan yanayi.
Za'a iya siye ingantaccen jigon teku na arewacin Rasha a yau ta hanyar dafaffen sanyi, koda tare da isar gida. Kuma kuna iya tabbata cewa wannan ba jigon da aka aiko don fitarwa ba, wanda ya dawo Rasha daga maƙiyanmu na Japan masu ban mamaki a farashin ninki biyu. Kamfanonin kamun kifin Rasha da ke girke girke a arewacin Farwar a yanzu ta hanyar kwastomomi na musamman. Maganar mara amfani, daidai ne? Bari muyi bayanin, wadannan ba tarkunan jakai bane na yau da kullun, amma sabbin tsare-tsare na zamani wadanda zasu baka damar samun daidaikun mutane ba tare da cutar da jama'a ba. Haka ne, eh, kuma mun san yadda zamuyi tunani game da rayuwa nan gaba da kuma kula da muhalli!
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa na kimiyya: canjin shrimp!
Da yake magana a kimiyyance, shrimp na arewacin shine hermaphrodite proterandic. Watau, shekaru biyu tana zaune a cikin duniya kuma maza ne na gaske, amma a shekara ta uku ta rayuwarta ta canza jima'i ta zama mace. Ga irin wannan gaskiyar magana. Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa cewa mata sun fi maza girma.
Game da dandano da adadin kuzari
Gabaɗaya, shan shrimp na arewa yana da ɗanɗano na musamman mai kyau da dandano mai haske, namansa ya bambanta da kayan aikinsa mai yawa. Abubuwan da ke cikin kalori suna da ƙima sosai cewa mutanen da suke da abinci da masu son rayuwa mai ƙoshin lafiya suna jin daɗin hakan. Bayani mai mahimmanci: Babu buƙatar dafa abinci. In ba haka ba, m nama da kyau zai zama roba. Kawai zuba shrimp da ruwan zãfi. Ana amfani da shrimp na Arewa don yin miya, salads, abun ciye-ciye, miyar abinci, cin abinci a zaman abinci mai zaman kanta. Yara suna son su sosai. Masu sha'awar abin sha mai kumbura suna jin daɗin su.
Muna fatan cewa kai da dangin ku za ku so baƙon arewa. Kuna iya siyan shrimp na arewacin a Moscow a kan farashi mai sauki ba tare da biyan bashi ba kuma tare da garanti na mafi ingancin nan.
Yada daga arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda.
An rarraba turancin ruwan hoda ta arewa a cikin Tekun Atlantika daga bakin New England, Kanada, gabashin gabas (daga Newfoundland da Labrador) zuwa kudanci da gabashin Greenland, Iceland. Suna zaune a cikin ruwan Svalbard da Norway. An samo shi a cikin Tekun Arewa zuwa tashar Turanci. An rarraba shi a cikin ruwan Japan, a cikin Tekun Okhotsk, ta hanyar Bering Strait mai nisa zuwa kudancin Arewacin Amurka. An samo shi a cikin tekun Pacific na Arewa a cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya.
Alamun waje na arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda.
Arewacin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda ya saba da iyo a cikin ruwan ruwa. Yana da jiki mai tsayi, wanda aka matsa akan tarnaƙi, ya ƙunshi sassan biyu - cephalothorax da ciki. Tsarin duwatsun fata yana da tsawo; tsayinsa kusan daidai yake da rabin tsawon jikin. A cikin juye-juyen ayyukan shafan hanci yana da idanu biyu. Idanun suna da hadaddun kuma sun ƙunshi fuskoki masu sauƙin fasali, adadin sa yana ƙaruwa yayin da shrimp ke girma. Wahayin Shrimp mai mosaic ne, yayin da hoton abin ya kera wasu hotuna daban daban da suka bayyana akan kowane bangare. Irin wannan hangen nesa na duniya ba a bayyane yake ba kuma matattara ce.
Daskararren chitin harsashi kariya ce mai kariya ga kwayoyi; ya zube a kasa.
Arewacin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi yana da nau'i-nau'i guda 19. Ayyukansu suna da yawa: antennae sune sassan jiki na taɓawa. Mandibles ya yanyanke abincin, jaws din suka kama ganima. Dogayen yatsun hannu, sanye yake da kananan yatsu, an daidaita dasu don tsabtace jiki da gills daga ƙazamar abubuwa ta hanyar ajiyewa. Sauran gabar jiki suna yin aikin motar, sune mafi tsayi kuma mafi ƙarfi. Kafafu na ciki suna taimakawa cikin iyo, amma a wasu shrimps sun juya sun zama sashin hadin kai (a cikin maza), a cikin mata suna hidimar daukar kwai.
Siffar halayen arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda.
Gyaran ruwan hoda na arewacin ruwan hoda a cikin ruwa sannu a hankali aka ware ta wata gabar jiki, irin wadannan motsi basa kama da ruwa. Frightened crustaceans tare da kaifi bends na karfi m caudal fin yi sauri tsalle. Irin wannan rawar itace muhimmiyar kariya daga masu kai hari. Haka kuma, shrimps suna sa tsalle tsalle kawai, don haka suna da sauki idan ka fasu a ciki, ka gwada kama gaban. A wannan yanayin, jigon shrimp ya shiga cikin raga a cikin kansa, ba tare da lalata jikin mutum ba.
Sake bugun arewacin shrimp ruwan fure.
Northern m prawns ne dioecious kwayoyin. Sun kasance cikin hermaphrodites na proterandric kuma canza jima'i yana da kimanin shekaru hudu. Bayan kammala lardin ci gaban, lokacin da shrimp juya shekaru 1.5 years, su ne maza. Sannan akwai canjin jima'i da shrimp irin kamar mace. Suna haɗa ƙwai da aka dage farawa ga kafafu na ciki da ke kan ciki.
Ci gaban arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda yana faruwa ko dai kai tsaye ko tare da canji, wanda idan tsutsa tsutsawa ke fitowa.
Farkon larval na farko ana kiransa nauplius, ana rarrabe su da kasancewar kashi biyu na wata gabar jiki da kuma ido daya da aka kafa uku. Na biyu tsari - protozoa yana da wutsiya da matakai guda biyu (daya mai kama da baki, na biyu a sifa). Tare da haɓaka kai tsaye, karamin crustacean ya fito nan da nan cikin ƙwai. Matan sun haihu tsawon watanni 4-10. A larvae yi iyo na ɗan lokaci a wani zurfin m. Bayan watanni 1-2, sun nutse a ƙasan, waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan shrimps ne, kuma suna girma da sauri. Lokaci-lokaci, molting yana faruwa a cikin crustaceans. A wannan lokacin, ana maye gurbin tsohon murfin murfin murfin ta hanyar kare mai laushi, wanda za'a iya sauƙaƙe kawai nan da nan bayan molting.
Sannan yana da taushi da kuma kariya ga jikin mai laushi na jatan lande. Yayin da ɓawon burodi ya girma, a hankali tafiyar ta zama ƙarami, sannan kuma murfin chitinous ya canza. Yayin motsi, arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda ya zama mai saurin cutarwa, kuma ganima ne ga yawancin halittun ruwa. Pinkan shudin ruwan hoda na arewa a cikin tekuna suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru 8, suna kai tsayin jiki na 12.0 - 16.5 cm.
Muhimmancin kasuwanci na arewacin shrimp ruwan hoda.
Ana farautar shum na fure mai launin shuɗi a cikin adadi mai yawa; kamawa na shekara-shekara yakai tan miliyan ɗari. Musamman maƙar kifin da ake yi a cikin Barents Sea. Babban kasuwannin tarin shrimp ana samun su a yankuna na arewa maso gabashin Victoria Island.
Crustacean da ke ajiyar a cikin Barents Sea adadin ya kai tan dubu 400-500.
Har ila yau ana tallata kasuwancin ruwan shum na ruwan hoda a yammacin Atlanta da Arewacin Atlantika, babban wuraren da ake kamun kifi ya kusanto kusa da Greenland, kuma yanzu an kama shrimp a kudu a St. Lawrence Bay, Fundy Bay da Maine Bay. Ana ci gaba da kamun kifi a cikin yankin Iceland da kuma gabar Tekun Norway. Kirkin ruwan hoda na arewacin ya kai kashi 80 zuwa 90% na abin da aka kama a yammacin gabar Kamchatka, a cikin Tekun Bering da Alaska Bay. Ana sayar da wannan nau'in shrimp a Koriya, Amurka, Kanada.
Barazana ga arewacin ruwan jatan lande.
Fishery na arewacin shrimp ruwan fure yana buƙatar sulhu na duniya. Shrimp catches a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya ragu da sau 5. Kari akan haka, al'amuran da suka shafi jure korafin kwafin kananan yara sun zama sunada yawa yayin kamun kifi.
A halin yanzu jiragen ruwan Rasha da na Norway suna kamawa a yankin Spitsbergen a karkashin lasisi na musamman wanda ke tsara adadin kwanakin inganci da adadin tasoshin.
Hakanan an saita ƙaramar girman girman 35 mm. Don iyakance kifayen, ana aiwatar da rufewa na ɗan lokaci na wuraren kamun kifi, inda ake samun maƙalar haɗar haddock, cod, baƙin halibut da bahar.
Kullum ana sa ido akan kamun kifin kifin a cikin sashin kariya daga Svalbard, saboda akwai fargabar cewa wadatar diyan shrimp ta arewaci ta ragu. An keɓe kowace ƙasa takamaiman adadin kwanakin kamun kifi. Matsakaicin adadin kwanakin masunta a cikin mashin ya rage 30%.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.