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Netherlands ta zama sanannen godiya ga nasarorin da suka bambanta a zanen zane, jigilar kayayyaki, zane-zane na kayan lambu. Kuma sun gode wa kasar nan musamman game da kamun liyafa, matuƙan jirgin ruwan ne suka koya yadda ake dafa kifi don haka ya cancanci bikin sarki. Zai yi wuya a gaskanta, amma na dogon lokaci ana daukar makiyaya mafi kifi mafi ƙyama.
Ode zuwa herring
Wani zai ce: “Ka yi tunani, Ni kuma ina da kifi na herring. M, ba na jayayya, amma ba wani abu na musamman ”- kuma zai zama ba daidai ba da gaske. Herring kyakkyawan tsari ne na bitamin A, D da B12, masu wadataccen amfani ne mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci na lafiya. Abin takaici, jikinmu ba zai iya samar da kansu ba da kansa, kuma waɗannan acid dole ne su kasance cikin abincin duk waɗanda suke ƙoƙarin yin rayuwa mai kyau. Bugu da kari, har ma da makiyaya 'yar asalin kasar Norway da ke dauke da karancin adadin kuzari fiye da loin mai-kadan, kuma amfanin Omega-3 mai kitse wanda yake cikin wannan kifi sunada yawa. Wadannan acid suna kara karfin garkuwar jiki da cututtukan cututtukan fata, da inganta yanayin fata, gashi da kusoshi, kuma suna da alhakin ci gaba da haɓaka ƙwayoyin jikin mutum (saboda haka, acid na Omega-3 abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci don cikakken ci gaban yaranmu). |
Kwakwalwar mutum tana da kitse sittin cikin dari, kuma omega-3 mai asara na lissafin akalla kashi 30. Waɗannan acid ɗin suna hana ci gaban atherosclerosis da ƙananan cholesterol jini.
Herring (sunan Latin shine “clupea”) kifi ne na dangin, wanda ya girma ya kai santimita 50 kuma yana da kusancin kusanci da herring, sprats da sprats. Halittar herring ya hada da nau'ikan kifaye sama da 60 da aka rarraba a cikin tekuna na yanayin zafi da sanyi, kuma wani ɓangare a yankin mai zafi. Wasu nau'ikan ruwa ne na ruwa kuma ba sa shiga ruwa mai kyau, wasu suna cikin kifin da ke ƙaura kuma suna shiga koguna don tsabtace su. Abincinsu yana da ƙananan ƙananan dabbobi daban-daban, musamman ƙananan crustaceans (yawancin yawancin masu haƙuri), amma ƙananan kifi ma suna shiga ciki. Herring da alama yana kashe wani ɓangare na rayuwarsa a babban zurfi. Abincinta yana faruwa kowace shekara kuma a wurare daban-daban a lokuta daban-daban. Babban herring spawns a zurfin of 130 - 220 mita, kananan herring ne kusa da bakin teku, wani lokacin 2 mita daga ruwa saman, kuma sau da yawa a cikin ƙasa saline na teku. Don ƙwanƙwasawa, ana tattara herring a cikin manyan makarantu, wani lokacin ma yana da yawa sosai har matsin lamba daga ƙananan kifin yana tono babba daga ruwa. |
Abin mamaki, shekaru ɗari shida da suka wuce, yawancin mutane basu iya tunanin cewa herring ya dace da abinci. Smellarancin kamshin kifin mai da haushi da haushin sa bai bar kowace damar ta danganta wannan kifin da abin ci ba. Bugu da kari, herring yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kifin, saboda haka ana iya lalata shi da sauri, saboda wannan ya kamata a sarrafa shi nan da nan bayan kamawa. Daga nan, sabo, kawai daga jirgin ruwa, an ci herring a biranen bakin teku kawai. Ta yaya herring tayi tartsatsi sosai?
Kasar da ta fara wannan nau'in cin abincin teku ita ce Holland. Kuma sabuwar dabara ta samar da kifi, wanda zai dawwamar da dandanorsa da rasa dukkan karancinsa, mallakar wani masunta ne mai sauki daga ƙauyen Bierflit a cikin Flanders na Dutch, Willem Jacob Beikelzon, wanda kawai ake kira Beckel. Shi ne wanda, fiye da shekaru ɗari shida da suka gabata a cikin 80s na karni na 14, ya zo da abubuwan da ke gaba: bayan kamun kifi, kifin da aka auna daga 50 zuwa 70 gram ya gutted, an cire gills, ya bar fitsarin a ciki, kuma an sanya shi a cikin ganga tare da m, yafa masa yadudduka gishiri. Herring samu ta musamman dandano a rana mai zuwa kuma tare da wannan magani ana iya adana shekaru. Har wa yau, mafi kyawun Yaren mutanen Holland a duk ƙasashen Yammacin Turai ana kiranta "beckling" (a cikin girmamawa ga Beikelzon) kuma ya bambanta da dandano daga duk nau'ikan dabbatattun bishiyoyi, waɗanda ke kafe tare da bambancin daban-daban (amma duk ta hanyar guda ɗaya) a wasu ƙasashe kuma sun dace da su daban-daban na gida nau'in herring - Scottish, Yaren mutanen Norway, Icelandic. Bayan rasuwarsa a 1397, 'yan Dutch masu godiya sun gina wa kansa abin tunawa. Yau kabarin wannan masanin mai masunta wuri ne na “aikin hajji” domin mutane da yawa. Compungiyoyin sa da touristsan yawon buɗe ido da yawa sun kawo mata ziyara, suna ba da ladabi ga mutumin da ya ba duniya girke-girke na musamman don irin wannan abincin, amma a lokaci guda mai sauƙi. |
Don haka, hanyar salting herring, wanda Beikelzon ya gabatar, da sauri ya daukaka shi da farko a cikin Holland, sannan kuma ko'ina cikin Turai. A cikin 1390, ganga ta farko tare da herring salted ta afka tebur na talakawa 'yan Dutch. Kuma nan ba da dadewa ba Holland ta shirya “jijiyar jirginta” zuwa Turai. Herring ya zama kayan ruwa mai ruwa sosai. Amma ya je Rasha a cikin ƙarni na 15, a ƙarshen karni na 16 aka saya shi a cikin dubban ganga, kuma a ƙarni na 17. Herring ya zama ɗayan manyan jita (tare da dankalin da aka dafa) na tebur na mutanen Rasha.
Ba a taɓa ambaton Herring ta abubuwan more rayuwa - talakawa, matuƙan jirgin ruwa, masunta, da ƙauyukan ƙauyuka sun ji daɗin hakan. Daga baya, a matsayin "abinci jama'a", herring kuma ya yi ƙaura zuwa cikin teburin mashahuri, waɗanda aka cika da sturgeons da oysters. Sun nuna godiya da ƙauna ga ƙauna a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, ba kawai a cikin Holland ba, har ma a Poland, Ingila, Rasha, da dai sauransu.
Herring ta mamaye wuri na musamman a cikin tattalin arzikin Holland na ƙarni na 17. A gaskiya, godiya ga ƙirƙirar salting herring ne cewa Amsterdam ta zo kan gaba wurin musayar kasuwancin Turai. "An gina Amsterdam a kan ƙasusuwa herring." Idan Renaissance ta fitar da ruhi, to kuwa garken ya 'yanta tattalin arzikin. Shahararren har yanzu rayuwar Yusufu de Bry “Godiya ta tabbata ga herring” (Dresden, 1656) (Bray, Josef de (? - 1664)) an shirya shi ne yayin haifuwar wakar mawaka Jacobi Westerban (Jacobi Westerbani Minne-Dichten, Harlem, 1633). Ga fassarar sa da gaske:
Yabo herring Yarinyar gishiri mai tsabta, Kayan mai, mai da tsawo Tuni ba tare da kai ba Yanada bakin ciki tare da ciki da baya, Tare da cire fata. An kwashe insides din Raw ko soya a kan wuta, Kar ka manta game da baka, Kuma kafin magariba Ya tafi zuwa ƙarshen rana Ku ci abinci. Kuma ga wannan yanki, Girman daidai yake da abinci mai cin abinci, Rye burodi ya ci. Kyakkyawan magani Teriak ba zai iya ba Yayi matukar cancanci yabo. Sip, yana da kyau sosai a lokacin, Bred ko giyar giya Ko daga duffai na biyun, Yana ɗaukar ruwa Sake sake, santsi da m, Don sake shan giya da safe. Kuma idan kunji mummunan rauni Kuma za ku bude, jike, yi hatsi, Zai iya sake sabuwa kuma da farin ciki. Kuma Ka warkar da masanan. Abinda yazo daga kai Kuma suna motsawa zuwa kirji da hakora. Kuma yana taimaka wa rubutu daidai, Kuma a cikin lokaci, Kuma iskoki ya sauka Wanda ke buƙatar abinci da abin sha. Ta yaya zai zama in ba haka ba A lokacin da wani wanda ya ci m herring da yardar, Fiye da wani wanda ya yanke tsammani da sa'a Da kyar ya kwantar da hankalin sa. |
A halin yanzu, an kama herring ta amfani da kwayar pelagic, raga, raga. Shekarun barayin da ake kaiwa shekara-shekara ya kai fan biliyan da yawa.
Gishirin ɗan Dutch suna kama barayin da ke can can a kan jiragen ruwa, a ciki ake shigar da ganga gishirin. Kusan rayayyun kukan kaji (watau ana cire kwalayenta), an sanya shi cikin ganga kuma a juye shi da gishiri. Jirgin zai dawo gida ne kawai bayan daukacin gangunan ke cike da zina. A Scots kawo duka babban wuraren saukar da ganuwa mafi yawanci a ranar kama kifi. A nan, kifi ya shiga cikin gishirin gishiri, inda ake dafa shi ta hanyoyi guda ɗaya da Dutch. Muhimmin bambanci shine cewa herring ba wani babban abincin alade, da kuma jijiyoyin jini ba zub da jini, kamar yadda lokacin da yake jan ganyayyaki. A wannan yanayin, saƙar salted ana halin farin ciki da taushi da nama. Hakanan an sanya jakadan Herring na Scotland tare da bushe gishiri kai tsaye cikin ganga kuma ba tare da sanyaya ba. A Norway, ana maye gurbin chaffing ta kawai cire gadar tsakanin kai da gangar jikin da ke ƙasa wadda ba a yanke ta ba. Saboda gaskiyar yawanci ana aiwatar da kamun kifi ta manyan seines suna toshe gabaɗaya (hanyoyin teku) kuma kifin yana shiga ciki da abinci mai cike da su, garkuwar Yaren mutanen Norway tayi ƙanƙan da kai, saboda ya yi muni cikin inganci. |
Yaren mutanen Holland har yanzu sun shahara a duk faɗin duniya saboda madaidaicin tsarin kula da garken, saboda irin gourmets daga ko'ina cikin Turai suna zuwa Netherlands. Mafi kyawun herring na Holland ana kiranta maatjes haring - "yarinyar herring" ko "budurwar herring", wato, wacce ba ta jefa ƙwai ba kafin a kama ta. Neman farautar budurwa tana farawa ne a ƙarshen Mayu, tare da farawar "lokacin kifaye", wanda ake gudanar da tseren masunta a Holland - Jirgin ruwa wanda shine farkon wanda ya fara kaiwa gacin farko. “Girlsan matan da aka sayar” daga “ganga ta farko” tafi kashe gwanjo don kuɗi masu ban mamaki (irin wannan ganga a yau na iya zuwa € 60 dubu). Kuna iya gwada sabon 'yar budurwa' daga wasu ganga a kowane kusurwa na Amsterdam ko wasu biranen Dutch. A lokacinsa, farashinsa dinari ne, suna sayar da shi daga wani akwati da aka shimfida a kan kwali, tare da albasa, yankakken, ƙyallen ruwan rawaya da man zaitun. Ainihin yarinyar 'yar asalin Dutch' ta narke a cikin bakinku kamar ice cream mai taushi.
'Yan kasar Norway, mutanen teku kamar Holland, suma suna da darajar tanadin. Marubucin Yaren mutanen Sweden Martin Andersen-Nexe ya taɓa cewa a ƙasar Norway al'ada ce a ci abinci sau 21 a mako (wato, sau uku a rana). Kuma wannan gaskiyane: a nan zaka iya sa herring don karin kumallo, ɗanɗano shi da dama tare da kayan yaji. Yarinyar Yaren mutanen Norway ta shahara sosai saboda babban labarin da take da shi da kuma yawan kitse - a tsohuwar USSR, ta isa kantuna ƙarƙashin sunan da ba a iya fahimta da sunan "zauren polar". Marubuci Bajamushe Alexander Dumas, mahaifin: "lokaci-lokaci" da yake ƙwararren mashin abinci ne kuma mai ƙamshi, ya yi imanin cewa babu kyakkyawar herring fiye da Norman. Mawallafin Babban Culinary Dictionary kuma babban mai sha'awar herring, Dumas ya bayyana wata 'yar karamar makiyaya mai kyau da ardor ta gaskiya ta Gallic: “Herring yasan kowa. Zan faɗi ƙarin: mutane kaɗan ne ba sa son ta ... Dare da rana za ku iya kallon ganyayyaki waɗanda ke shimfiɗa duk launuka na bakan gizo, kamar rigar da ba'a saba gani ba. A dare - da hasken phosphorescent da ke fitowa daga gare su, kuma da rana - ta garken tsuntsayen masu cin kifi, suna ruwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci zuwa cikin ruwa mai zurfi da tashi sama tare da walƙiya na azurfa a cikin bakin sa. |
The Danes kuma san abubuwa da yawa game da herring, kuma bauta wa fillet marinated a cikin giya miya - wannan shine "materia" appetizer wanda yanzu dafa shi a duk gidajen cin abinci na duniya. Lesawan itace suna son cin herring da man toshe, albasa da vodka, Britishan Burtaniya suna soya shi a cikin kayan lambu ku sha shi da giya ...
Mafi shahararrun girke-girke na herring, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana rarrabe su a matsayin "masu sanya kayan sanyi", ana iya yin herring a cikin mustard miya ko a herring a cikin giyar miya, kuma yana iya zama mincemeat ko rollmops. Forshmak (a cikin fassarar kyauta "kafin abun ciye-ciye") shine girman girman abincin yahudawa, mai sanyaya kayan sanyi na kayan abinci wanda aka sanya a cikin shayi ko madara kuma aka gauraya da burodi, ƙwai da apples. Akwai girke-girke da yawa na forshmak a cikin tarihi, kuma, kamar yadda ya saba, kowane mai kiyaye shi ya tabbata cewa wannan girke-girke shine mafi kyau. Rolmops gado ne na al'adun abinci na Arewacin Jamusanci, wannan kwano mai ban sha'awa yanki ne na sabo (kuma herring na iya kasancewa sabo ne - ba lallai bane yalwataccen gishiri) herring, an lulluɓe shi da garin kokwamba da dafa abinci tare da wannan ƙwaryan kokwamba a cikin vodice na yaji. Roka ta yi aiki tare da kowane irin kayan miya da dankali iri iri.
Mutanen Soviet, ta hanyar, suna ƙaunar herring tare da ƙauna ta musamman mai ban tsoro - saboda ɗayan samfuran ne waɗanda aƙalla wasu lokuta za'a iya siyar dasu marasa galihu a cikin shaguna. A Rasha, suttura an sanyata a cikin "mayafi" mai yawa, wanda aka haɗe zuwa vinaigrettes, ko kuma a bauta kawai a kan tebur tare da dankali da aka dafa, man shanu, digo na vinegar da zobba na crispy, mugunta albasa. Zai yi wuya ga mutumin Rasha, don mafi yawancin ɓangarorin nesa da tekuna da teku, suyi tunanin cewa barayin, ya juya, zai iya kasancewa a zahiri ba kawai gishiri, har ma da sabo. Haka kuma, a cikin wannan nau'in, herring na iya mamakin hangen nunin gourmet idan, ba shakka, zai iya dafa shi daidai. Da farko dai, yakamata a saƙa a saƙa a hankali - kar a gwada saka shi a ruwa, zai fi kyau a sanya shi a kwano a bar shi a ƙasan firiji. Daga sabo herring, zaku iya sa kunne mai kyau, zaku iya mirgine shi a cikin gari kuma ku toya a man shanu, ko zaku iya gasa a kan wayoyin tarho. |
Gabaɗaya, salatin gishiri, yaji ko fure mai ƙwaya ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan demokraɗiyya kuma a lokaci guda kayan abinci mai laushi. Koyaushe yana sa babban abun ciye-ciye. Tare tare da burodin baƙar fata da kokwamba, ana ɗaukar herring a matsayin mai cin abincin gargajiya, kuma tare da dankalin da aka dafa - ɗayan mafi mashahuri jita-jita a cikin mutane. Akwai koyaushe wuri don herring a kan tebur na idi.
Sanya kyau a kan tebur abu ne mai ma'ana. Barrel, wanda aka sayo a mai yawa, ko salted gwangwani gwangwani sau da yawa yana ɗauke da gishiri mai yawa, don haka bayan tsabtace shi wani lokaci yana buƙatar sai an sa shi. A saboda wannan, yawanci ana amfani da madara, amma shayarwar shayi da ruwa sun dace. Idan kana son yin mamakin ƙaunatattunku kuma ku sa wani abu sabon abu daga herring salted, yi gwaji tare da abubuwan cike da mayuka iri iri, alal misali, tare da mayonnaise. Kuma tare da miya mai kirim mai tsami, yana tafiya sosai tare da apple apple grated - kar a manta da ƙara ƙara sukari, ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami da faski. Herring yana ɗaukar ɗanɗano na musamman idan an ɗanɗano shi da mustard. Taya zaka tantance yadda kifin gishirin da aka sayan? Cikakken salted herring ne halin uniform canza launin, m nama da kuma, ba shakka, na musamman, m dandano peculiar kawai zuwa gare shi. Gwargwadon gishirin salted yana bambanta tsakanin herring salted (daga 12-14% abun cikin gishiri), matsakaici gishiri (8-12% gishirin gishiri) da ɗan ɗanɗano gishiri (6-8% gishirin gishiri). Slightlyarancin mai ɗan gishiri mai gishiri a ɗan gishiri (aƙalla 12% mai) ana ɗaukar tumaki a matsayin mai daɗi. Soyayyen naman naman da aka yanka yana daɗaɗɗa da farawa fiye da gishiri. Arin abubuwa masu laushi iri-iri suna ba da ɗanɗano ta musamman don dandano da ƙanshi. Af, Dutch kansu suna cin herring tare da farin burodi, yafa masa yankakken albasa, kuma a wanke da giya ko ruwan sha mai ƙarfi na Dutch “Zhe Any”. Yaren mutanen Holland marinade shine lokacin da sukari, lemun tsami, lemun tsami, karas, lavrushka, albasa da barkono a kara sabo, kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a shafe kifin, kwana daya ko biyu zasu ishe ga herring don cimma ingantaccen dandano! |
A ƙarshe, na kawo muku hankali girke-girke guda biyu masu sauƙi daga herring (wataƙila kun san hanyoyin da yawa don dafa sananniyar salatin "herring a ƙarƙashin gashin gashi"!):
Recipe Na daya:
1 herring, 150 g man shanu, cuku mai tsami 2, karas 3. 'Bawo kwasfa, ya bambanta da ƙasusuwa, tafasa da karas da kwasfa. To, ku wuce herring, karas, man shanu, cuku a cikin nama grinder ko sara a cikin blender kuma Mix sosai. A sakamakon herring taro za a iya yada a kan gurasa, cushe qwai ... Ka saki tunanin!
Girke-girke na biyu (don waɗanda ke son abincin savory):
'Bawo kwasfa, ware daga kasusuwa kuma yanke, sara da albasa mai yawa da jiƙa a cikin apple ko ruwan inabin giya don rage haushi kuma ku ba shi dandano mai yaji. Haɗa albasa tare da herring, ƙara karas da aka gama a cikin Yaren Koriya. Abin ci!
Yankin rarraba da darajar masana'antu
Mutane da yawa sun san cewa herring kifi ne na teku. Yana da yawa a cikin Baƙi, Caspian, Baltic da sauran wasu tekuna. Yana haƙuri da kyau da ƙarancin zafi. An kama herring ko da a kan gabar Greenland.
Wasu nau'in herring suna jin dadi a cikin ruwa mai kyau. Arziki a cikin wannan kifi na kasuwanci mai mahimmanci, alal misali, Danube da Don.
Ga ƙasashe da dama da ke da damar shiga teku, kamun kifin masana'antu don kiwon dabbobi fifiko ne ga tattalin arzikin. A cikin wuraren zama na wannan kifayen, ana samun yawancin jiragen ruwan Rasha da na Yaren mutanen Norway.
Siffofin dangi da jinsuna
Iyali herring yana da faɗi sosai. Dukkanin membobinsu suna da tsarin jiki iri ɗaya - elongated da flattened daga bangarorin. The herring na'urar yana da kara girman muƙamuƙi. Insaƙwalwa galibi suna da launin duhu fiye da jikin azurfa. Wani wakilin dangi na yau da kullun shine sananniyar herring.
Yawancin kifin mallakar wannan gidan an kiyasta su a 188. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma rarar kuɗi. Daga cikin ofan tallafin da aka samo a kan shelves, waɗannan masu yawanci sune:
- atlantic da pacific herring,
- herring
- Danube
- Baltic herring.
Subsungiyoyin biyu na farko sun yi kama sosai da ba kowane masun ƙwarewar masanin da ke bambanta su da juna ba. Pacific ba yawanci ya fi girma girma ba. Kushin baltic yana karami, ya fi wuta, akwai kasusuwa kadan a ciki. Danube ya ma karami, a cikin kilogram akwai kifayen 5-7, amma ya yi nauyi kuma ya fi wadata. Hakanan akwai Don, amma ana sayar dashi kuma ana cinye shi nan da nan kusa da wuraren kama, kamar Tekun Bahar Maliya. Dutse na teku koyaushe yana ƙasa da teku.
Yin amfani da dafa abinci
Ana amfani da kifi na herring don sanya kayan abinci a cikin sanyi, salati, makiyaya. Hakanan ana shirya shirye-shirye daga gare shi don flounces, pancakes, profiteroles. Yarinya daskararre, yankakken, an yarda da shi azaman abun ciye-ciye mai zaman kansa don giya mai karfi, kodayake ana cinye kifin da farin giya.
Wannan kifin ya dace da dafa abinci iri-iri na abincin Asiya, alal misali, “Ya” salatin. Daidai caviar da madara na wannan herring yakai kimanin 217 kcal a kowace 100 g.
Herring yana daya daga cikin fishan kifayen da, a araha mara ƙima, suke riƙe matsayi a cikin abincin mai sukar lamiri. Abilityarfin dafa abinci mai laushi yana da mahimmanci kuma alama ce ga dafawar kowane matakin.
Dokoki
Wataƙila wannan shine mafi yawan girke-girke. Salted herring kifi ne manufa Baya ga dankalin turawa, gefen jita-jita. Kuna iya gishirin kifin gaba ɗaya, ko a yanka a cikin fillet ko kuma a yanke kawai cikin guda mai dacewa tare da kashin baya da haƙarƙarin. Iyakar abin da ake so kawai shine cirewa, suna iya sanya brine mai daci.
Don salting kilogram na herring kuna buƙatar 2.5 tbsp. l gishiri. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da gishirin niƙa "ƙarin" ba, ba don herring ba, ko don wasu kifi. Amma babban ruwan teku yayi daidai. Kuna iya amfani da duka brine da bushewar jakada.
Idan kuna son kayan yaji, ƙara barkono 5, cokali biyu na ganye, 3 cloves ga brine.
Kurkura herring, sa a cikin kwano, yayyafa da gishiri a kan kõwane. Ka bar kwana guda idan kana son samun dan gishiri kadan. Idan kuna shirin yin amfani da brine, ƙara ruwa 600 na ruwa da kuma rabin tablespoon na gishiri. Wasu suna ba da shawarar ƙara 1 tsp. sukari, amma wannan ba na tilas bane. Suga za ta sa naman ya yi nishi sosai, amma bai kamata ku ji tsoron wani ɗanɗano mai zaki ba, ba zai kasance ba.
Pickling herring
Don girke-girke mai zuwa, nau'ikan kifaye da yawa sun dace: herring, saury, mackerel, herring. Tafasa lita na ruwa, ƙara 2 tbsp. l vinegar, wani tsunkule na cardamom, 0.5 tsp. barkono baƙi, 4 albasa, ganye 3 bay, 2 tsp. sukari da 1 tbsp. l gishiri. Lokacin da marinade ya sanyaya, cika kifin, murfin kuma bar bari na tsawon awanni 8-12.
Abubuwan almara da gaskiya game da soyayyen kuli
Ana amfani da kifin kifi a cikin wani tsari mai dafi da zafi ba sau da yawa. Kuma game da barkwanci. A zahiri, zaku iya soya wannan kifin, amma sabo ne kawai, ba gishiri ba. Yana da kyau a lura cewa irin wannan samfurin ba shi da halayen ɗanɗano na musamman. Wani abin kuma shine dafa naman dabbobi a kan gungumen azaba. Wannan shine mafi kyau madadin ga mackerel mafi tsada. Gut kifi, yayyafa tare da cakuda gishiri da barkono a waje da kuma cikin kogon, yayyafa ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami ka bar na' yan sa'o'i. Cook herring a kan gasa ko a cikin gasa, yana hana harshen wuta ƙonewa. Rashin ruwan jan ja da launin fata na fata alamu ne na gaske game da shiri.
Braised Herring
Har ila yau, kifi na herring yana da kyau a cikin tsari. Kuma gravy mai ƙanshi zai zama babban ƙari ga mashed mashed, shinkafa mai kauri, buhun shinkafa ko taliya.
Yanke herring cikin guda 2 cm lokacin farin ciki, saka a cikin babban cokali gauraye da albasarta. Zuba ruwan cakuda man sunflower mai tsafta da kuma shayi mai karfi. Sanya kayan yaji, gishiri. Saura minti 40. Kuna iya aiko da tulun a cikin tanda - lokacin dafa abinci zai zama rabin sa'a. Idan kun yi amfani da herring, zaku iya dafa shi gaba ɗaya tare da wannan girke-girke.
Matsakaicin samfuran sune kamar haka:
- 0.5 kilogiram na kifi
- Albasa 2,
- 0.3 tbsp. mai
- 1 tbsp. shayi mai karfi mai baƙar fata (zai yiwu tare da bergamot ko prunes),
- gishiri - 0,5 tsp.,
- barkono dandana
- dintsi na albasa kwasfa, turmeric - na zaɓi, don bayar da inuwa.
Ganyen bushewa
Salatin ɗan gishiri, ba shakka, kwano ne mai daɗin ci da yawa, amma wani lokacin zaku iya gajiya har da maganin da kuka fi so. Idan kun san yadda ake hana kukan gishiri, ba zai zama da wahala a dafa wannan kifin a bushe ba. Kuna iya amfani da girke-girke wanda kuka yi amfani da shi don salting. Bayan kwana ɗaya, cire kifin, kurkura da ruwa, jika. Cire gawa ko kawai a ɗora hannu a ido don yin madauki. Rataya kan kaho, sama da murhun da aka haɗa. Wutar ta zama matsakaici Kunna hular ka ka bar kifi na awa daya. Bayan ɗan lokaci, maimaita hanya har kifi ya zama abin da kuke so. Ka tuna cewa herring kifi ne mai mai, yana da kyau a rataye shi ba sama da zobe ba, amma a tsakaninsu, saita akwati don jawo ruwa a ƙarƙashin kifin.
Kuna iya bushe shi da wahala kuma ku sami babban abun ciye-ciye na giya. Ko za ku iya ɗan ɗanɗana ɗanyar, ba da naman ɗanɗano da yaɗuwa na matsakaiciya. Mazauna gidaje masu zaman kansu tare da damar bushe herring a cikin hayaki na ƙone wuta za su sami samfurin da ba daidai ba tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi sosai.
Shan taba a gida
Wataƙila girke-girke na gaba zai zama ainihin gano ku? Kifayen gida da aka yi da gida ba su da ƙima ga abubuwan ƙoshin hayaki da aka saya. Kada ku damu, ba lallai ne ku girbe itace ba ku rudu da kanka tare da bututu mai cire hayaki. Duk abin da kuke buƙata yana yiwuwa a yatsarku.
Kurkura kuma bushe bushe herring, yanke fillet tare da kunya. Gishiri, barkono kuma ajiye a lokacin.
Yada wani yanki mai nisan kusan 30x30 cm a girman ka a gabanka kuma yayyafa a tsakiyar karamin shayi na ganyen shayi: kore, baki ko da baki tare da aan itace da ƙari na fure. Kunsa shi a cikin ambulaf, zuba shi da allura a gefe ɗaya ku shimfiɗa shi a ƙasan babban kwanon ruɓa. Rufe kuma fara dumama. Lokacin da tururi mai ƙanshi ya bayyana, sanya farantin karfe wanda fillet herring ya kwanta kai tsaye a kan ambulaf tare da shayi. Rufe kuma simmer na kimanin minti 20.
Cutar nono da caviar
Ana amfani da waɗannan samfuran a matsayin yaduwa. Milk da caviar za a iya soyayyen, kyafaffen, bushe, amma mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa babu wani abu mai kyau fiye da gishiri, sara sosai kuma saka sandwich tare da man shanu. Idan kuka daɗaɗa ƙwayar ko gishirin gishiri, zaku iya aiko da caviar da madara a cikin irin abincin da aka dafa (marinade) kamar gawa.
Yadda za a bauta wa herring?
Wanne kifi ya fi dacewa da dankali a cikin rigunan ado ko na dankali matasa da ganye ko kirim mai tsami? Gefen abinci daga wannan giyan kayan lambu a cikin wannan al'amari.
Haɗarin salted ko wani yanki mai narkewa da man shanu da burodi mai launin ruwan ƙasa ya shahara. Wannan kifin yana da cikakkiyar jituwa tare da mustard da albasarta matasa. Cikakken gida da aka dafa, sauerkraut da cokali na cashe suma ba za su iya cin nasara ba.
Herring yana da dandano mafi kyau, mafi kyawun yanayin yanayin mazauninsa ne. Don haka, garken Atlantika, wanda yake da kyau sosai a cikin dandanorsa, wanda ke lalata tekun Norway, Holland da Iceland, shi ne yanayin da ya fi dacewa da ƙurar fatarta, dalilin shi ne jagoran ruwan teku. Mutanen da ire-iren wadannan 'yan cuwa-cuwa sun karɓi sunaye iri ɗaya "Yaren mutanen Norway", "Yaren mutanen Holland" da "Icelandic". Suna da dandano mai daɗi, m, nama mai gishiri da kuma ƙanshin halayyar kamshi.
Daga cikin garke da ake samu a kan ƙasar Rasha, nau'ikan da suka fi muhimmanci su ne '' herring sarauta '' ko zauren. Ana iya gane shi da sauƙin baƙar fata, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiransa "baƙar fata". An samo shi a cikin Tekun Caspian, ya kai tsawon 36 cm kuma ya ƙunshi kitsen 20%. Ba kamar sauran kukan Caspian (ba shi da ƙima a ɗanɗano), tana da nama mai taushi sosai kuma tana da gishiri sosai. Daga cikin ɓarnar da aka kama a cikin tekun kudu na Rasha, tonon Azov-Black Sea, kuma musamman nau'ikan ta guda biyu, Danube da Kerch, ana kuma bambanta su da kyakkyawan dandano. Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin kitsersa, herring ne kawai ake ɗan gishiri. An kuma yaba da Pacific (Far East herring). Shi (kadai daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke sama na herring) zai iya samun adadin kitsen mai - har zuwa kashi 33%, amma koda a tsakanin tazara tsakanin mai zai iya zama koda “jingina” daya - yana dauke da kitse mai kusan 2% (watau ya kasance mai-kitse). Koyaya, saboda ƙimar ingancin nama, wannan kifin samfuri ne mai mahimmanci.
Dangane da gishirin gishiri, warewar gishiri mai rauni ya zama ruwan dare - gishirin gishiri daga 7 zuwa 10%, gishirin matsakaici daga 10 zuwa 14% kuma gishirin wuya ya fi 14%. A cikin aiwatar da gishirin, kifin ya shiga cikin mawuyacin hali da gishiri, sannu a hankali a ƙarƙashin rinjayar enzymes sunadarai, mai da carbohydrates ana aiwatar da su a matsayin ƙasa ta mutuntaka. Sakamakon abin da, kifin salted sami musamman dandano da ƙanshi. Wannan aikin ana kiransa rayayye. Harin Atlanta da na Pacific sun fi saurin kamuwa da irin wannan tasirin.
Ingancin herring (ya danganta da sabo da nau'in nama) zai iya dacewa da maki 1 ko 2. Herring na 1st sa yana da m mai yawa nama, ba shi da lahani ga fata. Herring na biyu sa na iya saya da ɗan ɗanɗano m saboda fat hadawa, da dull fata fata, zama dan kadan yellowish, da naman nama na iya zama da wuya da bushe (amma ba flabby!), Wasu lalacewa na iya faruwa a kan fata (ba tare da mai tsananin hawaye) )
Dole ne a ɗauka cikin zuciya cewa herring na aji na biyu, idan an ɗanɗano salma, na iya ƙunsar ƙwayoyin cuta, saboda ci gaban da aka rage kawai a gishirin taro na 10 zuwa 15%. Idan an adana irin wannan herring a cikin maganin gishiri-acid, to wannan ma wannan bazai kubutar da lamarin ba, saboda yumbu da yisti suna tsayayya wa vinegar. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau kar a ɗauki irin wannan kifin.
Herring wani nau'in asalin kifi ne daga dangin herring (lat. Clupeidae). Jikin, a gefe ya matsa, tare da rikicewar ciki. Sikeli masu matsakaici ne ko babba, da kima. Jajayen da ke saman ba su fito waje ba na ƙananan. Bakin yana matsakaici. Hakora, idan akwai, suna da hankali kuma suna fadowa. Yankin fin yana da tsayi matsakaici kuma yana da ƙasa da haskoki 80. Dorsal fin saman ciki. An hana fin fin farin. Wannan nau'in halittar ya hada da fiye da nau'ikan 60, na yau da kullun a cikin yanayin ruwan zafi da zafi, kuma wani ɓangare a yankin sanyi. Wasu nau'ikan ruwa ne na ruwa kuma ba sa shiga ruwa mai kyau, wasu suna cikin kifin da ke ƙaura kuma suna shiga koguna don tsabtace su. Herring yana da ƙananan ƙananan dabbobi daban-daban, musamman ƙananan crustaceans.
M Properties na herring
Herring yana cikin jiki a sauƙaƙe kuma kyakkyawan tsari ne na furotin, yana kuma ƙunshe da sinadarin phosphorus mai yawa, iodine, alli, potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, fluorine. Kawai 100. g na kifi ya ƙunshi har zuwa rabin adadin furotin na yau da kullun. Kifi mai daɗi, irin su kifin salmon ko herring, suna ba jiki aƙalla sau 2 fiye da kifin farin.
Sabanin ƙoshin daskararren dabba na dabba, ƙanshi mai daɗin ɗanɗano daga kifi ana ɗauka mafi amfani. A cewar masana kimiyya, shine omega-3 mai kitse wanda yake a cikin kifi wanda ke taimakawa kare cututtukan zuciya, rage hadarin cututtukan jini a cikin jijiyoyin jini, da kuma inganta hawan jini a cikin capillaries. Kifin teku yana da amfani sosai ga mata masu juna biyu.
Shirye kiwo wanda ya shirya ya ƙunshi kitse 25%, kimanin furotin 20%, bitamin B12, PP, da. Abun da yaadarai sunadarai sun hada da amino acid mai mahimmanci.
Akwai tabbaci cewa cin herring yana raunana wasu alamun cutar psoriasis, yana inganta hangen nesa da aikin kwakwalwa. Kifi na teku ya ƙunshi hadadden bitamin, musamman bitamin D. Man kifi yana da sau 5 sauƙin sauƙin fiye da mai kayan lambu, yana rage cholesterol jini. Fats da aka samo a cikin hanta na kifi suna da wadataccen abinci a cikin bitamin A da D. Jikin tsoka na kifi ya ƙunshi bitamin B, wanda ke taimaka wa jiki ɗaukar furotin.
Binciken ya nuna cewa herring yana haɓaka abubuwan da ke cikin jikin abin da ake kira "good cholesterol" - high lienspropoins mai yawa, wanda, ba kamar “mummunan cholesterol” ba, yana rage haɗarin atherosclerosis da cututtukan zuciya.
Bugu da kari, Lindquist ya gano cewa kitse mai kiba yana rage girman kitse na adipocyte, wanda ke taimakawa rage hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan type 2. Har ila yau, herring rage taro na kayayyakin hadawan abu da iskar shaka a cikin jini, wato, yana dauke da sinadarin antioxidants.
Kwanan nan, akwai rahotannin da yawa da ke iƙirarin cewa cin kifin mai (salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines da kwalin) yana kariya daga asma. Wannan ya faru ne saboda aikin omega-3 mai kitse, wanda ke da tasirin anti-mai kumburi, da magnesium. An tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke da karancin sinadarin magnesium a jikinsu suna matukar fuskantar barazanar cutar asma.
Irin waɗannan cututtukan da suka shafi kansa kamar kansa, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, rauni na tsarin garkuwar jiki, da sauransu suna haɗuwa da rashin ƙwayoyin Omega-3. Herring ya ƙunshi nicotinic acid da bitamin D, waɗanda suma suna da mahimmanci a warkaswar ƙasusuwa da tsarin juyayi da kuma inganta sha.
M kaddarorin cutarwa
Wajibi ne a yi amfani da herring a hankali, saboda wannan samfurin yana da gishiri. Graaya daga cikin gram na gishirin tebur yana da ikon ɗaure ruwa kusan miliyan 100. Sabili da haka, bai kamata a kwashe ku da herring ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar hawan jini, edema, cutar koda.
Don haka, matasa salatin herring ya ƙunshi gram 6.3 na gishiri, kuma herring gishiri yana ɗauke da gram 14.8 cikin 100 g na samfur. Lokacin da kyallen takarda da jijiyoyin jini suka cika da sinadarin sodium chloride, wani ruwa mai yawa yana faruwa a jikin mutum, wanda ke haifar da wucewar dukkan gabobin jiki. Zuciya tana farawa tare da kaya mafi girma, kuma kodan ta cire ruwa mai gishiri da yawa. Saboda haka, kar a cutar da herring koda yaushe ga lafiyayyan mutane.
Mutane da yawa suna son ɗan guntun gishiri mai ɗan gishiri, amma ba kowa ne ya san yadda ake dafa shi ba. Mashahurin sanannen abinci na Natalya Kim zai gaya muku yadda ake yin wannan tasa da sauri kuma mai daɗi.
Siffofi da mazaunin herring
Kanta Shi ne na kowa sunan da dama jinsuna kifi mallakar na herring iyali. Dukkansu suna da darajar kasuwanci, kuma ana kama su kan manyan masana'antu.
Jikin yana dan matsa kadan a gefe, kuma an rufe shi da matsakaici ko manyan sikelin.
A kan launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi ko zaitun, fin fin guda yana tsakiyar.Fin ventral fin yana tsiro kai tsaye a ƙasa da shi, kuma akwai takamaiman daraja akan caudal fin.
A ciki, azurfa, tare da tsakiyar layi suna wuce keel, wanda ya kunshi sikelin da aka nuna dan kadan.
Herring yana da ƙanƙanin girma, har ma da ƙarami. A matsakaici, ya girma zuwa 30-40 cm. Ban da haka rayuwar da take wucewa na iya girma zuwa 75 cm.
Manyan idanu suna da zurfin saita akan kai. Hakoran suna da rauni ko basa nan. Developedaramin muƙamuƙi an inganta shi da kyau, kuma yana tsaye a kan babba. Bakin yayi karami.
Kanta watakila teku ko kifin kogi . A cikin ruwa mai kyau, yana zaune a cikin koguna, galibi ana samun sa akan Volga, Don ko Dnieper.
A cikin ruwan gishiri, a cikin garke mai ban sha'awa, ana samunsa a cikin tekun Atlantika, Pacific da Arctic.
Yana son yanayin dumama, saboda haka a cikin ruwa mai tsananin sanyi da ruwan zafi ana samun wakilcin wasu 'yan halitta.
A cikin hoto garken makiyayi
Kadan ne sani wanda kifi ana kiransu Pereyaslavl herring . Abin ban dariya shine cewa ba shi da alaƙa da wannan dangin, kodayake a yanayinsa ya ɗan yi kama da shi.
A zahiri - wannan kayan sayarwa ne. An hana shi kama shi, barinta ta sayar, a karkashin azaba na hukuncin kisa.
Sun ci shi ne kawai a cikin ɗakunan sarki, a cikin bikin aure iri iri. Wannan shahararren kifin an nuna shi a suturar makamai ta garin Pereslyavl-Zalessky.
Yanayin da salon rayuwar herring
Rayuwa saltwater herring kifi gudu daga bakin tekun. Ta yi iyo kusa da saman ruwa, da wuya faduwa har ƙasa da 300 m.
Ana adana shi cikin manyan garken, wanda yake samarda lokacin fita daga ƙwai. Matasa, a wannan lokacin, ƙoƙarin kasancewa tare.
Hakanan an sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar farawa na farko na plankton, wanda yake da yawa a cikin ruwa, don haka babu wata gasa.
Jirgin jamb din ba ya canzawa na dogon lokaci kuma da wuya ya hade da wasu.
Kogin kifaye kifi ne mai wucewa. Rayuwa a cikin Baƙar fata da Kifin Caspian, ta kan tafi wurare masu kyau.
A kan hanyar dawowa, mutanen da suka gaji sun mutu cikin rauni, ba su taɓa zuwa gida ba.
Abubuwan da ake son cin abinci suna canzawa a cikin herring yayin girma da girma. Bayan barin ƙwai, abincin farko don dabbobin ƙaramar shine bulge.
Girma herring ci wacce zai kama karamin kifi , crustaceans da benthos. Girman su kai tsaye ya dogara da zaɓin gastronomic. Ta hanyar canza gaba ɗaya zuwa abincin mai cin abincin ne kawai zai iya girma zuwa ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar.
Kiwo da tsawon rai na herring
Akwai nau'ikan ganye da yawa, saboda haka muna iya cewa sun tsallake har tsawon shekara guda. Manyan manya manya sukan jefa a wata zurfa, ƙaramin kuwa kusa da bakin tekun.
An tattara su yayin lokacin kiwo a cikin manyan makarantu, masu yawa da ke haɓaka sama, ƙananan ƙananan kifayen suna kawai tura manyan daga cikin ruwa.
Siyarwa tana faruwa ne a lokaci guda a cikin kowane mutum, ruwan ya zama mai hadari kuma ƙanshin ƙanshin ya bazu ko'ina.
Mace tana cinye ƙwai 100,000 a lokaci guda, sun nutse a ƙasan kuma suna manne da ƙasa, harsashi ko ƙyallen dutse. Dansu diamita ya dogara da nau'in herring.
Bayan makonni 3, larvae kimanin 8 mm a cikin girma fara bayyana. Igiyoyin ruwa masu sauri suna fara ɗaukar su duka jikin ruwa. Samun tsawon 6 cm, suna ɓace cikin garken kuma suna ajiye su kusa da gaɓar tekun.
A lokacin hutu (Mayu - Yuni), canjin makiyaya yana fitowa zuwa kogin kogin ruwa.
Fitar da kanshi na faruwa ne da daddare, yayin da caviar ke iyo cikin ruwa ba tare da yardar komai ba, baya jingina zuwa kasan.
Youngan yarinyar, da ta sami ƙarfi, ta fara gangara da kogin tuni don ta isa tekun a farkon hunturu.
Akwai nau'ikan herring da yawa, kusan nau'ikan 60, saboda haka zamu yi la’akari ne kawai mafi shaharar su. Kifi herring mackerel An samo shi a cikin Yankin Arewa da Yaren mutanen Norway, inda aka kama shi a cikin watannin masu ɗumi.
Yana da sauri-iyo, tare da tsawon rayuwar sa har zuwa shekaru 20. Ita maƙaddara ce don haka ya girma zuwa girman ban sha'awa.
Bayan ta kai shekaru 3-4, sai ta tafi zuwa kudu maso yammacin Ireland. Mafi shahararren abincin da ke cikin shi shine a cikin kirim mai tsami.
The Black Sea herring zaune a cikin Azov da Black Sea, spawning fara a watan Mayu - Yuni. Tana ciyar da crustaceans da karamin kifi wanda ke iyo a saman ruwa.
Matsakaicin girman wannan nau'in ya kai cm 40. Kama shi yana da matukar shahara tsakanin masu kamun kifi. Mafi yawan lokuta wani daskararre wannan musamman kifin kifi kan shagon kantin sayar da kayayyaki.
Yaran Pacific suna zaune a kowane zurfi. Yana da girma - fiye da cm 50 a tsayi, kuma yana nauyin 700 g. naman sa ya ƙunshi yawancin aidin fiye da sauran nau'in halittu.
An yi hakar ma'ana a kan babban sikelin kasuwancin: Rasha, Amurka, Japan. Mafi yawan lokuta, kan hoto herring , zaku iya lura da wannan ra'ayin daidai kifi .
Sanannen sanannen ɗan Baltic yana iyo a ruwayen Tekun Baltic. Yana da ƙananan girma a cikin girman, kusan cm 20. Yana ciyar da akan plankton, koda bayan sun isa girma. Wannan abincin kifi - herring cinye mafi sau da yawa a salted tsari.
Wani sanannen wakilin yana zaune a can - Baltic sprat. Ana kama waɗannan soyayyen mai daɗi har ma a bakin tekun New Zealand da Tierra del Fuego. Mafi mashahuri amfani da irin wannan a kasar mu abinci gwangwani.
Wakilin da yafi rikitarwa kifin kifi Shin hakane Iwashi . Abinda ya kasance shine dangin sardines, kuma kawai suna kama da herring.
A kan shelves na USSR, wannan kifin ya zo karkashin sunan iri "Iwashi herring", wanda ya haifar da rikice-rikice a nan gaba.
A wancan zamani, kamun kifin ba shi da arha, saboda makarantun sa da yawa sun yi ruwa kusa da bakin tekun, amma daga baya sun yi zurfi cikin teku, amma kamun kifin nasa ya zama mara amfani.
Har zuwa ƙarshen karni na XIV, mutane masu nagarta ba sa cin naman makiyaya - yana iya zama abincin kawai ga talakawa da kutare
A kwanakin baya, matuƙan jirgin ruwan Holland sun ɗauki kamun da bai yi nasara ba idan har herring ya kasance muhimmi a ciki. Wannan kifin yana tafiya a cikin manyan makarantu, kuma wani lokacin zuwa ga mahallan masuntan ba zai yiwu a guji shiga cikin raga ba. Har zuwa karni na 14, an ɗauki tumatir kifi ne, wanda bara da dodanni ne ke cinye shi, yana kashe nama. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon gaskiyar cewa bayan kamshin da mai kitse ya bayyana da sauri, kuma wannan naman ya ɗanɗani daɗin ɗaci.
Yana da wuya a sayar da herring. Masu kamun kifayen da ke da irin wannan mashin suna iya fata ne kawai saboda sayayya da gwamnati ke yi, wanda aka gudanar a zaman wani ɓangare na sadaka. Don haka sarki Faransanci Louis IX a kai a kai ya sayi wannan kifin mara ƙanshi kuma saboda jinƙai ya tura kutare zuwa ƙauyuka.
Masanin ƙasar Holland ya yi juyin juya halin gastronomic
Halin da ake samu game da herring ya canza sosai a 1380, lokacin da masanin kifin Yaren mutanen Holland Yakubu Beikelson ya salwantar da dabbobin da aka kama a cikin jirgin, ba tare da isar da mashigariyar ba. Cire pre-gills da ciki. Wadannan ayyukanka 2 sun kubutar da kifin daga mummunan tashin hankali kuma sun kara girman rayuwar shiryayye daga 2 hours zuwa kwanaki da yawa.
Bayan an sanya kifin a cikin ganga kuma yayyafa shi da gishiri, a hankali Bakelzon ya ci gaba da kamun kifi. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i daga baya, lokacin da masanin ya kusanto ga gaci, garken ya isa daidai matakin zartar da gishiri, sakamakon nama mai ƙima ya sami dandano mai laushi. An gayyaci mazauna ƙauyen don ɗanɗano wannan samfurin, kuma ba su yarda da yadda suke ji ba, suna fuskantar daɗin jin daɗi maimakon abin ƙyamar da ake tsammani.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, hanyar kiwo da salma sun zama tushen samun kyakkyawan kudin shiga, kuma ba kawai ga kowane masunta na karkara ba daban daban ba, har ma da ƙasar baki ɗaya. A yau yana, ba tare da ƙari ba, samfurin na Netherlands. Mashin da ya yi juyin juya halin gastronomic ba a taɓa mutuwa sau biyu - an kafa wata dutsen kuma mafi kyawun kayan kiwo, yin burodi, an sa masa suna.
Peter Ni ban sami nasarar kafa samar da wani farin kaya ba, kuma masu ba da shawara na ketare ba su taimaka ba
A Rasha, ana cin abincin Bahar Maliya, shan sigari ita ce hanyar da ake ci gaba da shirya. Irin wannan samfurin ya mamaye wani muhimmin sashi na abincin mutanen arewacin da kuma ruhohin Solovetsky. Tafiya mai mulkin golf ta Peter Peter zuwa Netherlands ta zama wani yanayi don koyon hanyar salwantar da kifi, saboda tsar Rasha yana matukar son kayayyakin Dutch 2 - salted herring da cuku.
Sarkin yana da burin sake maimaita nasarorin Netherlands kuma ya ba da kasuwa a kan kasuwar duniya ta White Sea ko Azov herring, wanda aka salted bisa ga girke-girke na Turawa. Don yin wannan, sun gayyaci ɗan sirin ɗin Holland Isaac Knop, wanda aka umurce shi da ya kafa kayan ƙoshin abinci a bakin Tekun Azov, wanda aka karɓa kwanan nan daga Turkawa. Amma ɗan Dutch ɗin ya tafi da sauri, ya yanke ƙauna a cikin kifin na gida. Ya bayar da hujjar cewa aikin ya ki amincewa da gaskiyar cewa ba daidai ba ne, yana rayuwa ne ba bisa tsarin tsarin halittar da ake amfani da giyar ba.
Nan gaba, sun yi kokarin bunkasa kamun kifi a tekun Fasha, suna ci gaba da neman taimakon kwararrun Turai. Amma don samun samfurin iri ɗaya na Dutch tare da ɗanɗano mai laushi ya kasa saboda dalilai 2. Ba a amfani da masunta na Arewa don yanke kifi a hankali, fifita saurin daidaici. Kuma mafi mahimmanci, ingancin gishirin gida yayi ƙarancin gaske, akwai abubuwa masu yawa masu yawa a ciki, wanda kuma ya shafi sakamakon ƙarshe na gishirin.
Sakamakon samfurin ya kasance yana da matsananciyar bukata saboda arha. Amma ba zai yiwu ba a sami babban teburin mai martaba na Bahar Maliya. M herring a Rasha ya kasance abincin ƙananan azuzuwan. Bitrus bai dage da canza yanayin ba.
Farkon kayan aikin masana'antu wanda aka shirya saboda herring
Catherine II ya kusanci batun sosai, tare da aika ɗan leken asiri zuwa Netherlands. Aikinsa shi ne ya gano dukkan bayanan fasahar sallan ta ba da kayan masarautar Dutch don ƙirƙirar tsarin a gida. Catherine ta tabbata cewa akwai wani muhimmin sirri, daga jahilcinsa ne a Rasha cewa ba za su iya kafa tushen kifin mai daɗi ba. Wannan ita ce farkon magana game da leken asirin masana'antar Rasha.
Wakilin asirin yayi aikinsa da kyau - ya gano asirin; yana ɓoye ne ta hanyar amfani da gishirin Portuguese. Nan da nan Masarautar ta sayi kayan albarkatun da ake buƙata a cikin tasoshin teku 2, ta tura su zuwa Arkhangelsk, inda suke dafa kifin sosai bisa ga girke-girken Dutch. An aika da ita zuwa St. Petersburg, suna siyarwa a kan gwanjo. An cimma burin: a Rasha sun koyon yadda ake dafa herring salted a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland. Amma samfurin ba shi da man shafawa saboda halayen jinsunan da ke rayuwa a cikin Tekun Fasha. Hakanan, amfanin Portuguese (ana kiran shi Mutanen Espanya a Rasha) gishiri yana ba da gudummawa ga hauhawar farashin, Farashin yana daidai da shigo da Dutch. Sau da yawa, ma'aikata sun kare gishiri mai tsada kuma basa kara shi zuwa matakin da ake so, wannan ya cutar da ingancin herring. Tsarin tilastawa na gudanarwa kawai ya taimaka don shawo kan sakacin salis daga masu yin Rasha.
Lokacin da Catherine ya rasa sha'awar sana'ar kamun kifin masana'antu, buƙatun Belomorka a cikin manyan mutane sun faɗi. Versaunar masu son yankin Dutch sun koma siyan siyayyar samfurin na asali. Kuma masunta na arewa sun sake canzawa zuwa tsohuwar hanyar salim.
Herring karkashin gashin gashi - alama ce ta hutu
Kuma a cikin majalisun majalisa, saukin sauƙaƙa da sauƙin shigo da ya shigo cikin hannu. Loveaunar kifin sun haɗu da babban taron jam'iyyar, magatakarda, da kuma baƙi - kowa yana son sa kuma yana iya bayar da shi. Kuma banda herring ba ta kasance mai rauni ba.
A cikin yanayin iyakataccen samfuran samarwa, kifi ya zama mai ceton rai ga matan gidaje na Soviet, waɗanda za su iya ba da kifin ranakun da a hutu. Ofaya daga cikin kyawawan jita-jita na abinci na Soviet, wanda har yanzu yana ba da mamaki ga baƙi, shine herring a ƙarƙashin gashin gashi. Kyakkyawan, abinci mai gina jiki har zuwa yau yana fidda tsammanin hutu tsakanin tsoffin citizensan asalin USSR da zuriyarsu kuma yana haifar da ci.
Game da jujjuyawar cewa "mayafin" an ƙirƙira shi ne bayan juyin juya halin sannan sunan shi rashi ne (chauvinism da raguwar kauracewa juna da rashin kunya), wannan ba gaskiya bane.
Af, kifi ba zai zama koyaushe abinci ne kawai ga mutane ba. Akwai labarin wani ɗan fansho na Japan wanda ya kasance abokai da kifi har tsawon shekaru 25.
Shin kuna son labarin? To ku tallafa mana latsa: