Jikin launin rawaya yana da tsawon rai, m a sifa, dan kadan matsa a gefe. Launi na baya yana launin shuɗi-shuɗi, tarnaƙi kuma ciki-duka farare ne. Fashin bakin ventral da na farji na rawaya ne. Daga kashin cikin idanun har zuwa tsakar kwalayen ya toshe wata madafariyar sako mai ruwan kasa. Sigoli akan layin gefe ba ya nan. A gefuna biyu na kalar caudal akwai keel mai fata. Shugaban yana conical a sifa, dan kadan. Bakin kifin yana da girma. Doarshen dorsal na farko ya ƙunshi ƙarancin haske guda biyar da ke membrane. Doayan na biyu da ƙashin bayansa masu tsawo ne. Sun kunshi haskoki masu taushi. Haskoki biyu masu nauyi a gaban gaban fin fin a cikin babban kifi sun cika tare da fata.

A lokacin ƙaura daga arewaci, kullun rawaya yakan haɗa da sardine, mackerel da dako, waɗanda ake farauta da ƙarfi. A cikin kaka, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, ya ƙaura kudu zuwa wuraren hunturu. Spawns a lokacin rani, rarrabe spawning. Caviar da larvae suna pelagic. Yana girma cikin sauri. Manyan mutane sune mafarauta da ke ciyar da kifi. Matasa kifi suna ciyar da ƙaramin kifi da plankton.

Daraja

Yellowtail kifi ne na kasuwanci mai mahimmanci. A Japan, batun batun kifaye ne, aikin kibiyoyi a wuraren da aka keɓe musamman a cikin teku. Jafananci suna amfani da kifi don sushi, sashimi da dafa abincin gwangwani.

An yaba sosai a cikin abincin Jafananci, inda ake kira shi hamachi ko hadari (鰤). Abubuwan da aka fi dacewa da nama masu launin fari na launin rawaya suna dauke ɗayan samfura masu daɗi don sashimi da sushi.

Bayanan kula

1. ↑ 123Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar A.N., Russ T.S., Shatunovsky M.I. Theamus biyu na sunayen dabbobi. Kifi. Latin, Rashanci, Ingilishi, Jamusanci, Faransanci. / Acad ya gyara shi. V. E. Sokolova. - M.: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 259. - kwafi 12,500. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0

Gidauniyar Wikimedia. 2010.

Duba abin da Yellowtail yake a cikin wasu kamus:

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Bayanin Yellowtail

Mazaunan Japan Serbian quinqueradiata yana da daraja sosai, mazaunan Japan, ana kiran wannan mahaukaciyar ruwa kamar guguwa ko hamachi. Matsakaicin tsawon mutum mai yin jima'i yawanci mita daya da rabi ne tare da nauyin jikinsa yana kusan kilo 40. Ya kamata a tuna cewa masana kimiyyar zamani sun raba launin rawaya da lacedra.

A cewar masana kimiyya, lacedras da wutsiyar rawaya sune kifaye biyu daban daban. Wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya suna da ƙarancin girma, saboda haka tsayinsa ya wuce da alamar mita tare da nauyin kilogram goma sha ɗaya. Bugu da kari, wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya sun fi faduwa, kamar kifin ruwan hoda, kuma bakin irin wannan kifin yana cikin daure sosai. A lachedra, bakin yana kasancewa a tsakiya, kuma layin gaban goshi ana ganin ya lalace, saboda halayen abincin.

Ichthyologists sun nace cewa lacedra tayi girma da sauri fiye da launin rawaya, kuma ya fi kyau a kira irin wannan kifin mai zinare, ba kuma launin rawaya ba.

Bayyanuwa, girma

Wakilai na umarnin Stavridobrazovye, dangin Stavridov da kuma 'yan dabi'ar Seriola suna da jikin mutum mai tsawon rai, mai ƙarfin wuta wanda ke matsawa kaɗan. An rufe saman jiki da ƙananan sikeli. Kimanin sikeli ɗari biyu suna kan layi na ƙarshe. A lokaci guda, tare da layin gefen layi babu cikakken garkuwa. Gabobin wutsiyar tushe na maharban ruwa ana saninsa da kasancewar ƙwararren fata mai launin fata. Shugaban kifin Seriola quinqueradiata yana da siffar conical tare da ƙaramin abu.

Providedarshen dorsal na farko na launin rawaya, ko lacedra na Jafanan, ana bayar da shi da biyar ko gajeru shida kuma raƙuman ruwa waɗanda aka haɗa da membrane mai cikakkiyar ma'ana. A gaban gabanin farawar farko, akwai kashin baya, wanda aka gabatar da shi gaba. Na biyu kashi na biyu na kifin yana da daga 29 zuwa 36 haskoki mai taushi mai laushi. An san fin fin fin gaban kasancewar haskoki guda uku masu wuya da kuma raunin taushi 17-22. Ya kamata kuma a san cewa wasu nau'ikan haskoki na farko a cikin balagaggen Seriola quinqueradiata sun cika da fata.

Rawaya yana da launi mai ban sha'awa: jiki yana da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai shuɗi tare da ɗan duhu kaɗan na baya da ƙeƙashin rawaya, da kunkuntar, amma sanannen rawaya mai ratsawa yana gudana a idanun kifin, daga hancinsa zuwa farkon farawar caudal.

Yellowtail: Bayani

Seriola quinqueradiata shine maharbi mai ɗaukar hoto wanda mazaunan ofasar Sun Rising Sun ke ɗaukarsa sosai. Suna kiran wannan maharbin “hadari” ko “hamachi”. Girman matsakaitan matsakaici abu ne mai ban sha'awa: tsawon aƙalla ɗaya mita ɗaya da rabi, tare da nauyin 40 kilogram. A zahiri, masana zamani sun ware launin rawaya da laka. Sun yi imani da cewa lacedras da wutsiya rawaya sune kifaye daban daban. Wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya sun banbanta cikin ba girma irin waɗannan masu girma dabam, saboda suna girma cikin tsayi har zuwa mita 1 ba, tare da nauyin da bai wuce kilo 10.5 ba. Kari akan haka, launin rawaya yana da goshin gaba daya, kamar na kifi ruwan hoda, kuma an iya fitar da bakin a hankali. Amma ga lachedra, bakinsa yana cikin tsakiya. Haka kuma, goshin bashi da girma sosai. Wadannan dalilai suna faruwa ne saboda halayen abinci.

Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Masana sun yi iƙirarin cewa lacedra tana haɓaka aiki sosai fiye da launin rawaya. Sun yi imani da cewa wannan kifin ya kamata a kira shi da zinare, amma ba launin rawaya ba.

Wanene lacedra?

Lacedra Jafananci kifi ne mai ruwan dumi wanda aka Haifa a Tekun Gabashin China da kuma gabar ruwan teku na arewacin tsibirin Kyushu. Sabuwar kwanon ruhun Lacendra ana kiranta mojako. A kan aiwatar da zama babban kifi, sun yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa daga tekun kudu zuwa arewa, inda akwai abinci mai yawa - a Hokkaido. Jikin lachedra yana da kyawawan siffa na conical, baya baya kore, ciki mai launin fari ne, layin rawaya yana buɗewa daga idanu zuwa wutsiya. Shekaru 4-5, lacedra ta girma zuwa babban kifi na kasuwanci wanda girmansa ya wuce 80 santimita.

Shekaru 4-5 na ƙaura a Tekun Japan daga arewa zuwa kudu, lacedra ta zama babban mutum da ya fi girma 80 cm

A yau, lacedra na zaune ne musamman a Tekun Japan - daga yankin Hokuriku zuwa kudu, duk da haka, har zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, tashoshin jiragen ruwa na tekun Pacific, gami da Sagami Bay a cikin garin Ogwara (Kanagawa Prefecture) da Kumano Bay a cikin garin Ovase (Mie Prefecture) an dauke su a matsayin meka don . A lokacin yakin bayan an sake dawo da renon matasa Lakendra - hamati, an dakatar da shi a lokacin yaki saboda karancin abinci, an fara kamun kifi mai yawa wanda ba a sarrafa shi ba, kuma kifayen da suka rage sun daina zuwa ƙarshen garin Odawara a gefen Pacific.

Lacedra tana girma cikin sauri, bayan shekara guda jikinta ya kai santimita 30, bayan shekaru 2 - 50 cm, bayan shekaru 3 cm 60, bayan shekaru 4-5 - daga shekara ta 70 zuwa 80. A shekara ta uku ta rayuwa, ta fara ƙaura don neman abinci da ɗumi ruwa (16-17 ℃), a cikin bazara da lokacin rani yana zuwa arewa ta rafin bakin teku na tarin tsibirin, kuma a kaka da damuna sun dawo kudu don jefa ƙwai. Haskatar da Shogakukan Z WEB, wanda wani Farfesa na girmamawa a Jami'ar Kyoto, Nakabo Tetsuji, ya bayyana cewa lacedra Jafananci na rayuwa ne a cikin ruwan Japan. Tare tare da wasu nau'ikan lacedra biyu - kampati da hiramasa - Lacedra na Jafananci shine ɗayan nau'ikan kyawawan nau'ikan uku.

Mascot don cin nasara aiki

Lachedra na Jafananci suna da sunaye da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da shekaru. Tsakanin zamanin Sengoku ("Zamanin lardunan mayaƙa", 1467-1568) da kuma zamanin Edo (1603-1868), samurai da masana kimiyya sun tafi cikin biki na musamman don sauya sunan ɗan yaro zuwa dattijo yayin bikin ranar haihuwa. An taba kiran Oda Nobunaga mai suna Kipposi, kuma ana kiran Tokugawa Ieyasu Taketiyo tun yana karami. An yi imani da cewa lacedra, sunan wanda ke canzawa sau da yawa, yana kawo sa'a a cikin aiki, saboda haka galibi an haɗa shi cikin menu na jam'iyyar, tare da rakiyar abokan aiki. A yankin gabashin Japan, an fara kiran Kanto a matsayin lacedra. wakashito inada, varasa da hadari, kuma a Kansai, a yammacin kasar, - Tsubasu, hamati, biyuro da hadari. Abin ban sha'awa, kifi mai tsoka ya kai 80 cm an kira shi ɗaya a ko'ina - hadari. A japan ta yamma hamati - wannan katuwar fata ce ta wucin gadi, ba ta kai 50 cm ba. Kasancewar sunaye da yawa na Jafananci ne na musamman, a wasu ƙasashe, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru da girman sa ba, kifin da aka sani da suna "yellowtail lacedra" (Yellowtail).

A lokacin sanyi a Japan, lacedra tana da wani suna - “hunturu” (iya hadari), bisa ga almara, dandano nata yana inganta tare da kowane dusar ƙanƙara. Raunin daji da ke rayuwa a cikin mawuyacin yanayin Tekun Japan yana da ban mamaki musamman saboda kyawawan halayensa. Al'adar kamun kifin tare da taimakon tsaftataccen ruwan kogi a Toyama Bay ya kasance sama da ƙarni 4. Samun ya kama zuwa kasuwar kifi a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Khimi, inda ake siyar dashi a matsayin "lacedra Khimi hunturu".

An sanya lacedra a kasuwar kifi ta tashar jirgin ruwa na Khimi (Hoton ƙungiyar yawon shakatawa na birnin Khimi)

Khimi Fish Brand Society ta aminta da Khimi Winter Lacedra. Kifin da aka kamo wanda aka kwashe tsawon lokaci ta amfani da tsaftataccen net a cikin Toyama Bay ya kamata a kalla kilo 7 kuma a sayar a kasuwa a tashar jiragen ruwan Khimi (hoton kungiyar masu yawon shakatawa na birnin Khimi)

A cikin jaridar don 1916 akwai ambaton cewa wata rana yayin hadari hadarin yau da kullun na lachedra a Khimi ya kai guda dubu 50. Wannan labarin yana tattare da kwatanci mai ban dariya - a cikin tsawa a sararin sama yana yi wa doya, dusar ƙanƙara tana malala a cikin tsaunuka, kuma lacedra ta shiga teku. An yi imanin cewa masunta suna da babban abin kamawa ga tsawar hunturu, wacce ta farka lachedra mai bacci. Kifi da ke farke, yana ƙoƙarin guje wa tsawa, ya fara neman ceto a cikin matsuguni na halitta - bay, ya faɗi cikin tarko. A yau, har ila yau ana kiranta da mahaukaciyar guguwar sanyi a Toyama Bay a matsayin "mai haddasa matsalar Lacedra." Dorewa mai nama da mai ƙoshin abinci ne.

Rayuwa, halayya

Rayuwa irin ta rawaya-rawaya mai launin rawaya tana ɗan tuno da mahimmancin ayyukan mullets. An bambanta wannan halittar ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa yana iya motsawa da sauri da sauri a cikin rukunin ruwa saboda siffar jikin mutum mai ƙarfi. Kasancewar mafitsara na iyo yana ba kifin damar jin girma a bangarori daban-daban.

Gudanar da ƙaura daga ƙauyuka na arewacin, kifi sau da yawa yakan koma kusa da sardines, anchovies da mackerels, waɗanda sune tushen abincin wannan magabacin. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, wanda yake shi ne yanayin kaka, tsoffin mutane daga cikin raƙuman ruwan rawaya masu launin rawaya suna motsawa kusa da wuraren da ke kudu maso ruwa, inda suke yin hunturu kowace shekara.

Lacedra kuma ya bambanta da launin rawaya ta wannan wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya suna ƙaura daga ruwa mai zafi zuwa ruwa mai sanyi lokacin bazara, wanda zai iya kasancewa daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba, kuma zai iya isa Sakhalin da Primorye. A wannan lokacin, wutsiyoyi masu rawaya suna ciyar da ciyarwa, ciyar da abubuwan gina jiki.

Sabuwar Nishadi

A da, a cikin Japan, mutane ba su tsufa akan ranar haihuwarsu ba, amma a kan Sabuwar Shekara. A kan tebur na bikin sa wani magani da ake kira "girma kifi" ((Tositoridzakan), wanda a yammacin kasar sau da yawa ana amfani da lachedra, kuma a gabashin - kifi. Wannan kwano na Sabuwar Shekara ya shahara a yau.

Wasu masana sunyi imanin cewa iyakar tsakanin waɗannan yankuna tana gudana ne da babban matsalar Itoigawa-Shizuoka wacce ta ƙetare tarin tsibirin Japan daga arewa zuwa kudu. A arewa (a gabashin ƙasar), an fi son kifin salmon, a kudu (a ɓangaren yamma) - lakedra. A cikin gundumar Toyama, wacce ke da wadatar arziki a cikin gidajen lacedras, an sanya kifin don adana lokaci mai tsawo kuma an tura shi zuwa yankuna masu nisa kamar Hida (Takayama) da Matsumoto (Shinshu). Hanyoyi don jigilar hanyoyi kifi an kira su "hanyoyi na lachedra" (hadari kaido).

Al'adar amfani da lacquer a cikin kyaututtukan Sabuwar Shekarao-seibo»Hakanan ya tsira har zuwa lokacinmu. A yankunan Toyama da Ishikawa na gabar teku, dangin da suka auri 'yar sun aika da lacedros ga sabon aure a ƙarshen shekara, suna fatan maigidansu ya sami nasara a rayuwa kuma ɗiyarsa ta kasance mace ta gari. A cikin lardin Fukuoka, a gefe guda, iyayen ango sun ba iyayen amarya kudade.

A Kamo Shinto Shrine a Izumi (yankin Toyama), ana sanya lacedra mai gishiri a gaban bagadi don yin hadaya, sannan a yayin bikin musamman ana yanka su a yanka kuma a rarraba wa ikilisiya. Duk wanda ya ci kifayen da yake ba da gumaka, to ya kawar da cututtuka da masifa. An taɓa gina wannan haikalin ta hanyar shugaban ɗakin Shinto na Shimokamo a cikin Kyoto.

Akwai bukukuwan gargajiya da yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da lachedra. A cikin gidan bauta na Shinto na Saga (garin Saga), har ma a garuruwan Ovase (Mie Prefecture) da Joetsu (Yankin Niigata), ana gudanar da hutun lacedra, mahalarta taron sun yi addu'o'in neman arziki.

Mahalli na zahiri

Wakilan halittar "Seriola" galibi suna zaune ne a cikin ruwa na tsakiyar da yammacin sassan Pacific. An yi imanin cewa lacedra wakilin ruwan gabashin Asiya ne, kuma launin rawaya sune wakilan ruwan da ke kan iyaka da Koriya da Japan. Da farkon lokacin bazara, lacedra na manya sun fara bayyana a cikin ruwa mai iyaka da Rasha. A wannan batun, ana samun wannan nau'in a cikin yankin Primorsky, kazalika da bakin tekun Sakhalin. An rarraba yawancin jama'ar wannan kifayen masu daraja tare da gabar ruwan teku da ke iyaka da Taiwan kuma har ya zuwa tsibirin Kudancin Kuril.

Abincin kifi

Tushen abincin mutane na launin rawaya ɗan kifi shine kifi, saboda haka ana ɗaukar wannan nau'in riga-kafi. Hatta daidaikun mutane waɗanda ba su kai ga balaga ba suna cin ƙananan kifaye, da zooplankton. Yellowtail farauta a cikin fakitoci, tattara kifi a cikin abin da ake kira "cauldron". Wannan abincin ya hada da nau'ikan kifayen:

• Sardinella
• Sardinops.
• Sardines.
• Dankano
• Herring Daban.
• Wolf herring.
• Dobar.

Lokacin da kifi ya girma a ƙarƙashin yanayin wucin gadi, ana ciyar da shi da naman da aka yanka, tushen abin da ke da ƙifaye masu daraja. Sau da yawa ana amfani da abinci na musamman, gwargwadon ƙimar kifi. An yi imani cewa koda irin wannan abincin ba shi da kyau, don haka naman irin wannan kifin ba shi da ƙoshin lafiya kuma mai daɗi. Duk da wannan, kifin da aka girma a ƙarƙashin yanayin wucin gadi ba shi da ƙima a kasuwannin duniya.

Gaskiya mai mahimmanci! Lokacin da lachedra ke farauta, ankoyas, herring ko sardines ba da izuwa tsalle daga cikin ruwa ba. Ruwan da kansa kamar yana tafasa, yana kama da tafarnuwa mai kamar tafasa.

Kiwo da zuriya

Wadannan kifayen sun kai shekaru lokacin da suke shirye su sanya ƙwai bayan shekara ɗaya da rabi na rayuwa. Tsarin haifuwa ya bambanta a wasu fasaloli. A matsayinka na mai mulki, tsarin da kansa yakan ɗauki tsawon lokaci yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa. Wannan nau'in kifi ne na thermophilic, sabili da haka ana aiwatar da spawning na musamman a cikin lokacin dumi, lokacin da yanayin zafin jiki ya fi dacewa, wanda ya ba da damar a haife shi a cikin yanayi mai dacewa.

Bayan haihuwa, soya ya fara zama a kan ruwa, wanda ke da alaƙa da halayen jinsin. Haɓaka mutane da yawa suna ciyar da zooplankton, sannan kuma fara farautar soyayyen ƙonewa, macen doki, herring, da sauransu. A cikin bayyanar, soya na launin rawaya mai launin rawaya-hoto hoton madubi ne na manya, amma a cikin ragewar tsari. Ba tare da la’akari da ko wurin zama ne na mutum ba ko na halitta, soyayyen lachedra yana haɓaka da sauri.

Lokacin da mutane suka girma a cikin yanayin wucin gadi, tuni ta shekarar su sami damar samun karuwar nauyin jiki, wanda zai baka damar samun riba. Mutane da suka girma da haɓaka a cikin yanayinsu ana ɗaukar su ganima kawai bayan shekaru 2 na rayuwa, ko ma fiye da haka. Yarinyar mai launin rawaya mai-launin rawaya yana da mashahuri sosai a Japan kuma an baiwa ta ƙyalli mai ƙyalli. An daɗe da yarda cewa wannan kifin zai iya kawo sa'a ga mutum.

Mai ban sha'awa don sani! Abun wucin gadi na kifi yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa ana soya naman adana ta shekaru kuma ana dasa shi a cikin keji daban da aka yi da nalan. Wannan yana hana yiwuwar kaiwa hari tsoffin soya akan marasa ƙarfi. Bugu da kari, ya fi sauki a magance matsaloli tare da karancin iskar oxygen.

Abokan halitta

Kodayake launin fata mai launin rawaya-kifi kifi ne mai tsinkaye, yana da isasshen adadin abokan halitta waɗanda zasu iya iyo da sauri, kamawa da lacedra. Kuma duk da haka, babban abokin gaba (kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane) shine mutumin da ya kama kifaye da sauri. Wannan shi ne da farko saboda ta musamman dandano.

A Koriya ta Kudu, sun fara kama wannan kifin a cikin watan Satumba kuma suna ci gaba da yin hakan har zuwa farkon Disamba. Bayan wannan, ana hutu har zuwa watan Fabrairu, bayan haka fara neman lacedra zai sake farawa har zuwa ƙarshen Mayu. Wannan kifin ya fi son zama a cikin zurfin daga 40 zuwa 150 mita kuma an kama shi daidai a kan matattakala, haka kuma da magabatansu ta hanyar jefa. Don kama rawaya, da yawa ba a buƙatar tunani, don haka ko da ƙwararrun mala'iku ba sa iya kama mutane da nauyinsu ya kai kilo 10.

Lokacin da aka kiyaye kifin a cikin yanayin wucin gadi, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa daga cututtukan fata da cututtuka, wanda kowane nau'in "seriol" ke wahala. Na musamman haɗari shine irin wannan mummunan ciwo na asalin ƙwayar cuta, irin su vibriosis, wanda ke dauke da alamun cutar kwalara.

Kifi na kamun kifi

Ana ɗaukar launin fata mai launin shuɗi-kifi kamar kifi na kasuwanci mai mahimmanci. Jafananci suna yaba da wannan kifin musamman, saboda haka ya zama sanannen masarar kamun kifi. Bugu da kari, kifi suna girma cikin yanayin wucin gadi akan gonaki daban-daban ko a wuraren yanki na ruwa, amma an soke shi.

Yawanci, ana kama kifi a cikin hunturu watanni lokacin da suke da mafi yawan mai. Wild lachedra suna da nama mai tsananin kyau tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi, mai daɗin haske. A lokaci guda, nama ba ya rasa halayensa a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayin dafa abinci.

An dauki naman a matsayin abinci na ainihi, alhali yana da launin shuɗi, da dandano kamar naman tuna. Kifi na kifi ya ƙunshi cikakken kayan abinci masu rai kamar ma'adinai da bitamin. Sakamakon dafa abinci, naman lachedra yana haskakawa, amma baya rasa mahimman halayensa. Sushi da sashimi an shirya su daga ainihin naman wannan kifin. A zahiri, akwai girke-girke da yawa don dafa launin rawaya, amma mafi shahararrun hanyoyin dafa abinci sune yin burodi da soya.

Kifi na Yellowtail: bayanin, shiri, abun da ake ciki, fa'idodi da cutarwa

Yellowtail (Jafananci Lacedra, Yellowtail Lacedra) (lat. Seriola quinqueradiata) - kifi thermophilic kifi na dangin Stavridovye. Yana ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsa a cikin rukunin ruwa (nau'in pelagic). Tana zaune a cikin tsibirin da ke buɗe a bakin tekun gabashin Asiya (Japan da Koriya, galibi cikin Tekun Japan), amma a lokacin rani wani lokacin ana samunsa a bakin tekun gabashin Gabashin Rasha, gami da Sakhalin.

Lacedra

Fishaya daga cikin kifayen ban sha'awa suna zaune a cikin ruwan mu. Ta kira rawayashi Jafananci ko yellow-tailed tacedrawanda anglers yawanci suna kira ne kawai kazamanci.

01. Lacedra (lat. Seriola quinqueradiata) - marine thermophilic kifi na Stadrid iyali (Carangidae), wanda nau'in kifi ne na kasuwanci masu mahimmanci. Lacedra garken kifi ne, wanda ke yaɗuwa sosai a cikin ƙofofin da ruwayen kogi da ke tsakiyar da yammacin tekun Pacific. Babban mazauninsu shine ruwan gabashin Asiya, ciki har da ruwan bakin teku daga Taiwan, Japan da Koriya zuwa Primorye, Sakhalin da kuma Kudancin Kuril. Ya kai tsawon 1.5 m da salla 40 kg. Ya zo ga ruwan mu a watan Yuli kuma an kama shi har zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta.

02. Jiki mai launin rawaya ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin abinci mafi ɗan daɗi don yin sashimi da sushi. Bugu da kari, wannan naman abinci ne mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci kuma mai amfani, wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai cikin abincin Jafananci da Koriya don dafa abinci daban-daban. Kuma lacedra kanta wani abu ne game da kifayen ruwa a Japan kuma an gundura shi sosai cikin yanayin wucin gadi. Koyaya, lacedra daji shine mai ɗanɗano mai kyau da lafiyar kifi.

Naman lacedra mai taushi, mai matsakaici mai tsayi, jan launi. Yayin maganin zafi, yana haskakawa, amma yawanci, kamar yadda yake a cikin Japan, mala'iku da yawa suna amfani da shi ta wannan hanyar, "rayayye." Ya fi dadi musamman a irinsa da lemon tsami.

03. Ba haka ba da daɗewa na gano cewa muna sayar da lacedros har ma a cikin shagunan, amma a wasu farashin daji.

A cikin farashin hoto na 2014. Yanzu (sun ce) alamar farashi ya fi girma, amma na dogon lokaci ban ga lacedra akan siyarwa ba. Wataƙila saboda gaskiyar cewa na ɗanɗana zuwa kantunan kifaye.

04. Lacedra kuma filin wasan kifi ne mai ban sha'awa. Ko da a cikin majinyata na karkara, kalmar ta fito sabo "lacedring", i.e. farauta don lacedra.

05. Mafi sau da yawa, ana ɗaukar lacquer ta hanyar trolling, amma kwanan nan don wannan sun fara amfani da kayan yaji wanda ke sanye da katako mai ƙarfi (mara zurfi ko tare da zurfin ƙasa), sandar dutse, matukin jirgi (matashin jirgi) don kamun kifi "a cikin jifa" ko jig-octopus (jig- octopus (jig- octopus (jig- octopus) shugaban da ke sanye da katanya a cikin karamin karamin dorinar ruwa, i.e. squid ko octopus).

06. Barka da sanda.

07. nauyi 10,900 kg. Tsawon kimanin mita.

10. Abin takaici, lacedra ba ta kusanto ga gaci ba. Don kama shi, dole ne ku ci gaba zuwa cikin teku.

11. Da safe kafin kuma bayan gari ya waye (sa'o'i 1-2) a lachedra “rubs” kusa da tsibiran, a kan filaye da igiyoyin ruwa. A wannan lokacin, da wuya ta kirkiri boyo, don neman abinci kusa da bakin tekun.

12. Amma tafi teku yana da amfani.

13. Wasu mala'iku sun yi kuskuren danganta lacedra ga kifin tuna, amma daga ra'ayi game da ichthyology wannan ba gaskiya bane, saboda Lacedra cikin gidan stavrid (Carangidae), da tuna daga iyalin mackerel (Scombridae).

Amma wannan kuskuren ba ya tsoma baki tare da jin daɗin kamun kifi da daskararren ruwan fure na lacedra.

Rayayyar rayuwar Yellowtail

Yellowtail yana jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa mai birgewa. A cikin lokacin ƙaura yanayi, yakan kasance tare da saƙo na anchovy, sardine da mackerel, waɗanda sune kayan abinci.

Lokacin da damuna mai sanyi ta zo, yakan ƙaura zuwa kudu, inda yakan ciyar da duk lokacin hunturu.

Ciki a lokacin rani a matakai da yawa. Caviar da larvae suna cikin cikin ruwa ruwa.

Rawanin launin rawaya yana girma da sauri, saboda yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa. Matasa kifi suna ciyar da ƙaramin kifi da plankton.

Yaɗaɗɗan girke-girke

Ana amfani da Lacedra Jafananci a cikin jita-jita da yawa. Ana cinye ɗanye - sushi da sashimi, soyayyen miya teriyaki ko kuma tare da gishiri, daikon an dafa shi da radish. Ba a canzawa cikin shahararrun mutane ne sashimi daga lacedra hunturu tare da mai, kazalika da tasa hadad hadadlokacin da kifayen bakin kifi suka shiga cikin ruwan zãfi, suna cire mai mai yawa daga gare su, sannan a ci tare da miya mai daɗaɗɗa. A lokacin zafi hadad hadad ci sanyi.

Boiled Lacedra tare daikon radish

Matasan lacedra da aka sani a Japan a karkashin sunan inada da varasaTana da ɗanɗano ta duniya da naman alade. An iya amfani da shi da kayan ƙanshi da man zaitun, ta amfani da carpaccio naman saut da sautéed tare da kayan lambu a cikin man shanu, kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin sauran jita-jita na Italiyanci da Faransa.

Lacquer na Jafananci ya ƙunshi mayukan kitse masu yawa waɗanda ba a haɗa su cikin jikin ɗan adam ba - docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) da kuma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), da kuma bitamin mai-mai-narkewa na iya rage matakin mai tsaka tsaki da kuma “cholesterol” mara kyau (LDL) , samar da rigakafin arteriosclerosis da hauhawar jini. Lacedra yana da wadataccen abinci na bitamin B, bitamin D, wanda ke taimakawa shan alli, wanda ya wajaba don rigakafin ƙwayar baƙin ƙarfe, da taurine, wanda ke inganta aikin hanta sosai.

Lokacin hunturu Lacedra Sashimi

Dafa mai bakin ciki

Wannan kifin yana ɗaya daga cikin kasuwancin mahimmanci. A Japan, ana dafaffen shi musamman a cikin ruwa, wanda aka kera wasu sassan teku musamman. Jafananci suna amfani da launin rawaya don yin sushi, sashimi da abincin gwangwani.

A Japan, ana amfani da launin rawaya kusan kifi mafi mahimmanci. Wannan ba daidaituwa ba ne, tunda namansa yana da dadi, m da taushi. A nan sukan shirya kwanon abinci na ƙasar, wanda ake magana a kai hamati ko hadari.

Don cire mafi yawan kaddarorin amfani daga lachedra, ana bada shawara don dafa shi steamed ko a cikin tanda. Kafin yin burodi, kifin an goge shi, a wanke shi sosai, a ƙara, an yayyafa shi da barkono a ɓangarorin biyu kuma an shimfiɗa shi a cikin wani greased (zai fi dacewa zaitun). Bayan haka, har yanzu suna yayyafa tare da yankakken Basil, zuba kirim mai tsami ko kirim mai, a ƙarshe yayyafa shi da cuku grated.

A zazzabi na 220 ° C, ana dafa kifin na minti 15-20.

A matsayin zaɓi - lakedra a cikin batter, wanda aka shirya daga cuku da sesame.

Tabbas, daga launin rawaya zaka iya dafa kunne ko wasu miya kifi. Babu bambanci game da dafa nau'in kifayen da aka saba anan.

Rawaya na iya zuwa don shirya salads, gami da abincin abincin teku, ana iya soyayyen shi kawai, ana amfani dashi azaman ƙamshi na kafirai (kulebaki da masunta), da sauransu, da sauransu.

Habitat, mazauni

Wakilan jinsunan Seriola quinqueradiata suna zaune ne a tsakiya da kuma yammacin sassan Tekun Pasifik. A labarin kasa, lacedra kifi ne na gabashin Asiya, kuma ana samun wutsiyoyi launin rawaya a cikin ruwa Koriya da Japan. A lokaci guda, a cikin lokacin zafi mai zafi, tsoffin lachedras sau da yawa suna iyo daga ruwan Japan zuwa yankin Rasha, don haka ana samun su a cikin yankin Primorsky, kazalika da gefen tekun Sakhalin. Ana samun kifin kifayen ruwan teku masu tsananin zafi a gabar ruwa daga Taiwan zuwa tsibirin Kuril na kudu.

Noman kifi shine asalin sabbin lokutan kyawawan lacedra

Kiwon wucin gadi a cikin Japan ya zama sananne sannu a hankali, kuma rabon da akayi garkuwa da su a cikin bauta ya kai kusan 60%. A cikin 1928, farkon kiwo a duniya hamati an sanya shi a kan tsarin kasuwanci, kuma duk da dakatarwar na ɗan lokaci na ayyukan a yankin yammacin Japan, yana ci gaba a yau. Bayan haka, godiya ga irin nasarorin da aka samu kamar canja ranakun da aka sanya daga ranakun bazara zuwa kaka na shekarar da ta gabata (cibiyar bincike a jihar FRA, Nagasaki), noman kifin ya sami tushe a fannin fasahar Japan.

Kurose Suisan, mai bayar da tallafi na NISSUI 100% a cikin Kushima City (Kagoshima Prefecture), ya haɓaka fasahar kiwo ta wucin gadi don soya daga ƙoshin lafiyayyen ƙoshin lafiya wanda ke kawo ƙarshen buƙatun buƙatun kama soyayyen daji. Jinkirtawa daga ranakun watanni shida da suka gabata ya sanya aka samu damar samar da kiba a lokacin bazara. Sabon siyarwar abincin ya ci gaba ne a watan Yunin 2009. A ƙarshen shekara ta 2016, an fara sayar da '' kaka super-lachedra '', wanda aka samu damar yin hakan saboda haɗin gwiwar kamfanoni biyu na kamun kifi waɗanda ke kan tsibirin Goto (yankin Kagoshima) - Hashiguchi Suisan da Hosei Suisan, tare da mai samar da abinci Apro Japan (Osaka).

Kamawa Autumn Super-Lacedra (hoto daga Hashiguchi Suisan)

Rawanin Yellowtail

Manyan mutane na Seriola quinqueradiata sune masu cin abincin ruwa na yau da kullun waɗanda ke ciyar da kifi. Venian ƙaramin kere-rawaya mai launin rawaya suna ciyar da ruwa a kan ƙananan kifi, kazalika da plakton talakawa. Kifayen kifayen suna farauta ne ta hanyar tukunyar jirgi, wanda garken wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya suka mamaye yuwuwar abin mallakarsa kuma suka narkar dashi cikin wani irin zobe. A lokaci guda, abincin abinci mai yawa na wakilan dangin Carangidae sun hada da:

• sardinella
• sardinops,
• sardine
• anchovies
• Yankin yatsa mai laushi
• karnukan wolf
• kyau.

Kauyan da suka girma a zaman talala sun ci abinci a kan ƙananan abincin da aka yi da nau'ikan kifaye masu ƙima kaɗan. Wani lokaci don waɗannan dalilai na musamman ciyarwa, wanda aka sanya akan abincin abincin kifi, za'a iya amfani dashi. Yana da daidai saboda irin wannan ƙaramar abincin da naman kifayen mutane masu ƙima suke ƙoshin lafiya ba kuma mai daɗi ba, amma har ma da '' Green '' mutane ana daraja su a kasuwannin gida da na waje.

A cikin wuraren zama da wuraren farauta na tafkin, zaku iya kallon anchovies, herring da sardines suna tsalle cikin tsoro daga ruwan. A lokaci guda, ruwan da kansa yana tafasa, yana kama da murhun tafarnuwa a bayyanar.

Kifi a matsayin Dukiyar ƙasa

Babban birni a Japan shine Tokyo, tana cikin yankin cin kifi, kuma a aikace, yawancin mazauna babban birnin sun fi son jan kifi don abinci. A ƙarshen shekara ta 2016, saboda mummunan mummunan girbin masara ta kaka, dole ne a sake biyan kuɗin kuɗin da aka siye daga tan miliyan 230,000. Arar da aka yiwa bredi lacedra ya karu zuwa ton 140,000 (aikin lacedra na daji shine tan dubu 105,000), amma har yanzu ba za'a iya kwatanta waɗannan adadi da adadin ƙaranyen da aka shigo da shi ba. Abubuwan albarkatu don haɓaka wadatar da lacedra ana samun su - akwai buƙatu. Ana iya faɗi cewa makomar kifi na gida, lacedra na Jafananci, ya dogara ne kan matakin ƙara yawan buƙatu.

Daga wannan ra'ayi, gasar Tokyo mai zuwa ta 2020 na iya kasancewa kyakkyawar dama. Idan an samo lacedra na Japan kawai a cikin ruwan Japan, ana iya sanya matsayin "kifin ƙasa". Wannan zai jawo hankalin masu yawon bude ido na kasashen waje, da sanya su gwada kifi a lokacin zaman su a Japan, kuma bayan sun dawo kasarsu don fadawa wasu labarin abincin kasar Japan.

Mai ba da rahoto kuma marubucin rubutun Jafananci: Nagasawa Takaaki
Misalai: Izuka Tsuyoshi

Hoto na take: hunturu Lacedra Sashimi

(Labaran Japan sun buga a watan Fabrairu 7, 2018)

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Babban adadin kifayen da suke iyo zafi suna da ake kira yellowtail yanzu sun mai da hankali ne ga gabar tekun Japan da Koriya. A cewar masana, duk da kamun da aka kama, har ila yau yana da matukar darajar kasuwanci, a yau wakilan babban dan kungiyar Stavridovye (Carangidae), umarnin Stavridovye da dabi’ar Seriola basa cikin hadarin kamfani.

Dafa abinci Hamachi Nigiri

Wannan kayan gargajiya na Jafananci za'a iya shirya da kanka, amma a kan yanayin cewa kifin sabo ne kuma yana da ƙoshin lafiya a lokacin kamawa (ba ya kamuwa da cututtukan fata).

Don dafa, kuna buƙatar shinkafa mai ɗorewa, iri ɗaya wanda aka yi amfani da shi don sushi.

Ana yanke fillan Yellowtail cikin kananan guda, an saka shinkafar wasabi, an matsi kadan don bayar da sifa. An gama!

Soya miya ne mai kyau, kuma kayan zaki da aka firam shine mafi kyawun kayan yaji.

Hadaddiyar Janawa (ta kowace 100 g)

M kaddarorin da aka Dora masu rawaya

Rawaya na da sinadirai masu matukar amfani, saboda abun da ke cikin kalori da mai mai yawa sun fi na nau'ikan nama da yawa. Koyaya, wannan kifin ana iya ɗaukar shi mai abinci ne saboda yana da fewan acid mai cike da mayukan kitse. Tabbas, rasa nauyi akan launin rawaya bazai yi aiki ba, amma tare da amfani mai amfani, zaku iya amfani dashi don inganta lafiyar ku. Haka kuma, abun da ke tattare da launin rawaya yana da Omega-3 (kitse mai mai yawa), wanda ke da matukar amfani ga tsarin jijiyoyin jini: ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini, taimakawa wajen narkewar ƙwayoyin cholesterol, ƙwanƙwasa jini, sauƙaƙa kumburi na jijiyoyin jiki, da sauransu.

Abun da kifin ya ƙunshi macro da microelements daban-daban. Kamar yadda kifi yakamata ya kasance, launin rawaya ya ƙunshi sinadarin calcium da phosphorus mai yawa, waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don riƙe ƙoshin lafiya da hakora.

Yellowtail yana da kyau daidai gwargwado dangane da potassium da sodium, don haka amfani da shi bazai haifar da haɓakar edema ba, akasin haka, zai ba ku damar cire ƙwayar wuce haddi a jiki. A zahiri, wannan shawarar zata kasance mai amfani kawai ga kifayen da ba a cika ba.

Yellowtail nama yana da arziki sosai a cikin bitamin, musamman rukunin B da bitamin PP.