Tekuna da teku manyan halittun dabbobi ne wadanda suke mamaye kusan kashi uku cikin duk fadin duniya. Rayuwa akan duniyarmu ta samo asali ne daga teku, wanda shine yanayin rayuwa mai dacewa. Ruwan teku yana ɗauke da isashshen sunadarin oxygen da wasu abubuwa da suke bukata don rayuwa.

Sarkar abinci a cikin teku ta fara da plankton - ƙananan tsire-tsire da dabbobi waɗanda aka riƙe a saman ruwa. Mafi yawan jama'a da ke zaune sune farkon 90 m a saman teku. Hasken rana da zafi har yanzu suna shiga anan. Amma a cikin zurfin zurfin teku, dubban mitoci ƙarƙashin ƙasa, akwai kuma rayuwa, akwai tsutsotsi masu rai, mollusks, kifi da sauran abubuwa masu rai.

Dabbobin ruwa

Dabbobin kwayoyi, duk da cewa sun yi kama da kifi, dabbobi masu shayarwa ne. Waɗannan dabbobi masu jini-ɗumi masu ɗumi tare da tsayayyen yanayin zafin jiki. Suna da huhun da suke numfashi, kuma suna haihuwar yara masu rai waɗanda ke shayar da madara. Fiye da nau'in dabbar dolphin 50 suna rayuwa ne a yawancin tekuna da tekuna, amma ire-iren waɗannan dabbobi 12 suna rayuwa ne a cikin koguna na Kudancin Amurka da Asiya.

Dolphins dabbobi ne masu haɓaka da aminci. Akwai wasu lokutan da dabbar dolpine ta ceci mutanen da nutsar da ruwa da kare su daga sharks. Dabbobin ruwa na iya magana. A koyaushe suna yin saututtuka daban-daban a cikin kewayon ultrasonic - danna, murɗa, nishi, wanda, yana nunawa daga cikas a cikin ruwa, yana ba su damar yin kewayawa da kyau a sararin samaniya. Dolphins suna da nau'ikan fuka-fukai masu kauri. Suna da kyau masu iyo sosai kuma sun saba da rayuwa a cikin ruwa. Lokacin da suke iyo a karkashin ruwa, an rufe fatar jikinsu da kananan falo a ƙarƙashin tasirin matsewar ruwa. Tsarin kitsen mai da ke cikin ƙasa yana kare su daga matsanancin ƙiba.

Albatus

Albatrosses sun dawo ƙasa ne kawai lokacin lokacin kiwo don haɓaka da kuma kajin. Wurin haifuwa na albatrosses shine ruwa tsakanin Antarctic da ƙarshen iyakar Australia, Kudancin Amurka da Afirka. Wadannan kyawawan kwari, ta amfani da yanayin zafin iska, zasu iya yin sama har tsawon awanni sama da saman ruwa ba tare da ma fuka fukafukansu ba. Albatrosses suna ciyar da kifi, plankton, da crustaceans. Zasu iya bin kifayen kamun kifi na dogon lokaci suna jiran ɓata kifaye.

Fata kunkuru

T in t urt urt ari mafi girma a duniya sune kunkuru ne na fata. Zasu iya yin nauyi zuwa kilogram 725 kuma suka kai 2 m a tsayi. An zaɓi kunkuru na fata daga teku a bakin tekun mai zafi da ƙasa don kawai ƙwai ƙwai. A cikin dare, mace ta yi birgima zuwa matakin layin ruwan sama mafi girma, ta tona rami tare da manyan abubuwa kuma ta sa daruruwan ƙwai a ciki. Bayan kimanin makonni 7-10, an haifi jarirai kuma nan da nan suke zuwa ruwa. Ko yaya dai, da yawa daga cikinsu suna mutuwa a hanya, sakamakon tekun teku masu cinyewa.

Stingrays - Shaitanun Teku

Kusa da dangi na sharks - haskoki, ya bambanta da na karshen, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ta hanyar kara girman sassan jikin mutum, gefuna wanda yake hade da bangarorin jiki da kai kuma ana kiransu fuka-fuki. Mafi girma daga cikin haskoki shine babbar iblis mai teku, ko ray ray. Matsakaicin "fikafikan" giant din da ya fi girma ya wuce 6, kuma nauyin ya kai tan 1.6.

Mantas sun shahara saboda tsalle-tsalle masu kayatarwa, abubuwanda suka biyo baya sakamakon rawar jiki da ruwa. Ba sa cin ganima mai yawa, wanda za'a iya ɗauka a kan girman su, amma da taimakon ƙaho kamar ƙashin kai kai suna sa ƙananan dabbobi su shiga bakin.

Jirgin ruwan sun yi imanin cewa irin abincin nan da irin mummunan yanayinsu, ya nuna wata masifar. Waɗannan kifayen ana kuma kiransu stingrays da shaidanun teku. Octopuse ana kuma kiran shaidanun teku, waɗanda ba na kifi ba, amma suna cikin umarnin mollusk.

Sharks Sharks

Sharks suna dauke da mafi girman nau'in mazaunan teku. Waɗannan alamu suna nuna alamun ta asali:

• tsarin musamman na Sikeli,
• karancin murfin gill da nama.

Duk da tsari mai sauki, ana daukar sharks cikakke inji injuna. Kasancewar Duniya shekaru da yawa, sun daidaita da zama a cikin zurfin, godiya ga abin da suka koya don yin gasa tare da dabbobi masu shayarwa da kifi.

Kwarewar wadannan kwayoyin shine rashin jifar caviar. Sun sa qwai a cikin cornea, wasu nau'ikan suna da viviparous. Manyan kifin sharks sune kifi Whale (20 m) da kuma ƙato (15 m). Suna ciyar da yafi akan plankton.

Whales - mafi yawan mazaunan duniya

Abubuwan tarihi sunce magabatan kifi Whales sun fara sauka ne a kasa tare da kafafu 4. Kimanin miliyan 50 da suka gabata, sun zama mazaunan ruwa mai zurfi, suna juya zuwa manyan ƙattai. Misali, tsawon bakin kifi whales ya kai 26 m tare da nauyin jiki sama da tan 100.

Cancantar waɗannan halittu shine cewa suna motsawa a cikin ruwa ruwa tare da taimakon wutsiya, akan wacce ruwan wukake suke. Idan kifayen talakawa suna motsa wutsiya daga dama zuwa hagu da baya yayin motsawa, kifayen suna zazzage su sama da ƙasa.

Dabbobin sun banbanta da matsayin firam na ganima a gaban bangarorin biyu. A da, waɗannan jikin suna taimaka musu wajen motsa ƙasa. A halin yanzu suna ba da gudummawa ga:

• braking da tuƙi
• tare da m harin.

Finsan wasan na pectoral basu dace da iyo ba. Tsarin numfashi yana kan saman kai. Breathers suna buɗe don kama iska lokacin da kifi Whale yana kan ruwa. Harkokin huhu suna da girma a cikin girma, suna ba da yiwuwar dorewa a ƙarƙashin ruwa lokacin da za a yi ruwa don 500 m ko fiye (maniyyi whales ya sauka 1 km).

Lokacin shirya rahoto game da taken "Mazaunan Teku", ya kamata a lura cewa 'yan kifi Whale suna haɗuwa da mahaifiyarsu lokacin da aka haife su. Bayan shekaru da yawa, sun daidaita da rayuwa mai 'yanci. Sabon ɗan maraƙin da ya fito da wuri yakamata ya tashi sama da iska mai ƙarfi, wanda sabon mahaifiyarsa ke taimakon sa. Ana ba da fifiko ta hanyar sauti na musamman waɗanda kunne na kunne bai kama shi ba. Kwakwalwar Whale tana karɓar sautikan da abubuwa daban-daban suke ƙarƙashinsu kuma tana tantance madaidaicin nisanci daga gare su.

Kifayen Whales suna ciyar da ƙananan crustaceans da kifi. Suna buɗe bakinsu, suna tace ruwan ɗumi ta wani gashin baki. A ƙarshen, kimanin kilogram 450 na abinci yana jinkirta kowace rana.

Arfin Makarfi

Stingrays sune guringuntsi-gill-fish. Siffar su za a iya kiran su da pectoral fins, waɗanda aka cakuda su da kai, suna samar da jikin ɗakin kwana. Ana samun Stingrays a cikin tekuna da jikkunan ruwa. Launin launi (haske ko baƙi) ya dogara da mazaunin mazauni.

Ana samun Stingrays a duk faɗin duniya, gami da Antarctica da kuma Tekun Arctic. Amma galibi mutane kan gamu da su a gabar tekun Australiya, inda suke yin tawaya tsakanin murjani murjani. Stingrays dangi ne na sharks, saboda jikinsu bashi da kasusuwa, amma na guringuntsi.

Tsarin tsarin numfashi na waɗannan mazaunan tekuna da teku ya kasance sakamakon tsarin rayuwa daban. Ba kamar kifi ba, idan aka shayar da su a zurfin, suna gurɓataccen gabobin ciki mai yashi da yashi. Stingrays yana karɓar oxygen ta amfani da bindiga mai fesawa wanda ke bayan kuma an rufe shi da bawaran kariya ta musamman. Lokacin da barbashi na kasashen waje suka shiga cikinsu, halittun zasu fitar da wani rafi na ruwa, tare da wanke ragowar tsirrai da yashi.

Kifayen takobi

Swordfish ko takobi shine kawai wakilin bakin kifin, yana daga cikin rukunin mutane masu kama da juna. Tsawon manyan mutane ya kai 4.5 m kuma nauyinsu ya kai 500 kg. Wani fasali shine kasancewar aikin xiphoid, wanda ya maye gurbin babban muƙamuƙi. Labarin kifin kifin yana wakilta ta ruwa mai zurfi da ruwa mai zafi, wani ɓangare ana samun su a cikin Tekun Azov da Black Sea. Kifin na kasuwanci ne, yana iya isa da gudu sama da 100 km / h.

Swordfish yana daya daga cikin masu saurin iyo a tsakanin wakilan babban teku. Babban saurin sauri saboda tsarin musamman na jiki. Godiya ga takobi, ja an rage shi sosai, yana da mahimmanci yayin motsawa cikin yanayin ruwa. A cikin shirya takarda akan dabbobi masu ruwa a cikin ilimin halittu, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kifin kifin tare da jikin da aka sanya shi da katako ba shi da sikeli. Gills yana aiki azaman injin jirgin sama. Ruwan ruwa mai gudana akai yana gudana a cikin su, saurin sarrafa shi yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar faɗaɗa guntu ko kumburin yanki.

A cikin shirya rahoton game da rayuwar ruwa, yana da daraja a ambaci cewa daidaitaccen yanayin jikin kifin kifin yana da digiri 15 sama da ruwan teku. Wannan ya faru ne saboda karuwar ayyukan kifayen, wanda wannan babban saurin yakan haifar yayin tserewa daga abokan gaba ko farauta. An lura da kusancin da ƙaddara wa yankin bakin teku lokacin jefa ƙwai. Ta kasance loner kuma ba ta shiga cikin garken, sau da yawa spins kusa da tara kananan kifi.

Soso

Sponges sune halittu masu sauƙin yanayi wanda suke rayuwa, a matsayin mai mulki, a cikin tekuna da tekuna, daga zurfafan ruwa zuwa gaɓar tekun. Wadannan dabbobin ruwa suna manne a kasa ko kuma karkashin ruwa. A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan sponges sama da 5 dubu. Yawancinsu halittu masu ƙauna ne na zafi, amma akwai waɗanda suka iya daidaita yanayin yanayin Antarctic da Arctic.

Akwai nau'ikan launuka iri-iri na jikin gizo-gizo: wasu suna da sihirin sihiri (soso ruwan lemo), wasu sunyi kama da gilashi a sifa, wasu kuma tubules ne. Ba wai kawai siffar sosocin ya bambanta ba, amma kuma launinsu, suna iya zama ja, rawaya, shuɗi, ruwan lemo, kore da makamantansu.

Wasu daga cikin sponges na teku sun kasance suna rayuwa tsawon millennia.

Jikin waɗannan halittun ba a daidaita suke ba, ramuka da yawa na ramuka, saboda haka yana da matukar sauƙi a tsage. Ruwa yana gudana ta kofofin soso, wanda ke kawo abinci da oxygen tare da shi. Waɗannan dabbobin suna ciyar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Dukda cewa lebe ba wani abu bane wanda bazasu iya iyo ba, basu ma iya motsawa ba, har yanzu suna da matukar karfi. Wadannan halittun ba su da abokan gaba da yawa, saboda kashin kashinsu an samo shi ne daga adadi mai yawa, wanda shine kayan kariyarsu. Idan wannan baƙon dabba ya kasu kashi da yawa, har ma a cikin sel, za su haɗu tare, kuma soso zai rayu. A yayin gwajin, yatsun biyu sun rabu biyu, a kan lokaci, kowane bangare yana da alaƙa da nasa, sannan kuma sai gaba ɗayan leɓun suka juya.

Akwai nau'ikan tsirar ruwan teku dubu da yawa.

Yawan rayuwar wadannan halittun da ke karkashin ruwa sun sha bamban. Bishiyar ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba ta rayuwa tsawon rai -' yan watanni, wasu suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru 2, amma akwai masu ruwa-da-ruwa masu tsinkaye waɗanda suke rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 50.

Shahararren octopus

Wani yanayi na musamman na dorinar ruwa shine rashin kwarangwal mai kauri, jikin mai zama a karkashin ruwa yana birki a fuskoki daban-daban. Sunan wannan nau'in ya fito ne daga tsarin jikinsa, wanda daga ciki tantuna takwas ke tashi. Suna da kofunawar tsotsa a jere a jere. Tare da taimakonsu, mazaunin cikin ruwa yana manne da duwatsun kuma yana riƙe ganima.

Octopuses suna zaune a ƙasa a cikin rami da kogon ɓoye waɗanda ɓarkewar iska ta ɓoye. Idan ya cancanta kuma idan akwai haɗari, suna iya canza launi, haɗa tare da ƙasa. Kawai fushin jajayen da suka yi kama da baki ke da wuya. Octopuses sune mafarauta waɗanda ke aiki da cinye abubuwa da dare. Ba wai kawai suna iyo ba, har ma suna motsawa tare da tushe.

Dankin dabbobi dako ne lobsters, jatan lande, kifi da kifayen. Tana bugun su da guba ta glandon gwal. Bakin sa mai aiki yana da ƙarfi sosai har yana iya sauƙaƙe shelllllar mollusk da andarfin arthropod. Bincike ya nuna cewa octopuse suna jan ganima zuwa cikin wani tsari mai zurfi kuma suna cin abinci a kai. Wasu mutane suna da guba sosai har suna iya kamuwa da ɗan adam.

Murjani

Coral ko polyps na murjani suna cikin dabbobin dabbobin da ke cikin mahaifa. Polyp din kanshi karami ne kuma yayi kama da sifar shinkafa tare da tanti. Kowane polyp yana da kashin kashin da ake kira corallite. Idan polyp din ya mutu, sai ya sake fitowa daga kwayar halitta, kuma sabbin polyps din sun hau kansu. Wannan shine yadda al'ummomi suke canzawa. Saboda haka, reefs girma.

Murjani yana ƙirƙirar shimfidar wuri wanda ba a iya mantawa da shi ba a gabar ruwan teku.

Coral reefs suna da kyau sosai, wani lokacin ainihin gidajen ruwa na karkashin ruwa suna fitowa daga gare su. Akwai nau'ikan murjani 3:

1. Dutse ko dutse na dutse wanda ke zaune a mazauna kuma daga wane murjani ne ke tsiro,
2. Murjani na Horn, wanda ake kira gorgonians, wanda aka samo daga mai daidaitawa zuwa yankuna na polar,
3. Murjani mai laushi.

Yawancin murjani suna taɗuwa ne a cikin ruwa mai zafi, wanda yanayin zafin jiki baya saukar da ƙasa + digiri 20. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa babu koran murjani a cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya.

Akwai nau'ikan murjani kusan dubu 500.

A yau, kusan nau'ikan polyral na murjani guda biyu sun zama ruwan dare, daga abin da aka samo reefs. Yawancin su ana samun su cikin ruwa mara zurfi, amma kashi 16% na jimlar al'amuran rayuwa a zurfin kusan mita 1000.

Kodayake murjani murjani na da ƙarfi sosai, polyps kansu ƙazamai ne kuma rayayyun halittu. Corals suna girma a cikin nau'ikan bishiyoyi ko bushes. Zasu iya zama launuka daban-daban: ja, rawaya, shunayya da sauran launuka. A tsayi, sun kai kimanin mita 2, kuma a faɗin - har zuwa mita 1.5.

Kwayoyin murjani na zaune a cikin ruwa mai tsabta. Saboda haka, basa rayuwa a kusa da kusa da inda ruwa mai kyau da laka suke samu. Hakanan, hasken rana yana da matukar mahimmanci ga rayuwar polyps. Abinda ya kasance shine a cikin kyallen polyps akwai algae microscopic, tare da taimakon wannene muryoyin murjani na numfashi.

Murjani ya fi kama da tsire-tsire. amma a zahiri su dabbobi ne.

Waɗannan halittun teku suna ciyar da ƙaramin jirgin ruwa, waɗanda ke ɗaukar alfarwansu. Lokacin da aka kama ganima, polyp ya ja shi bakin kuma ya ci.

Idan kasan tekun ya tashi dangane da abin da ya faru na faruwa, misali, saboda girgizar kasa, to kuwa ruwan murjani ya hau saman ruwa kuma an sami tsibiri. A hankali, tsire-tsire da dabbobi suna bayyana a kanta. Hakanan mutane suna rayuwa a irin waɗannan tsibiran, alal misali, a tsibiran teku.

Starfish da shinge

Starfish wasu dabbobi ne masu baƙi waɗanda ke da kamannin jikin mutum, waɗanda ke rufe shi da dunƙule mai laushi ko warts. Hanyoyin 5 na radial na makamai suna barin sashin tsakiya na jiki. Starfish suna da hannu, suna iya motsawa sauƙi a gefen tekun tare da taimakon ƙananan ƙafa.

Tare da yin cikakken nazari a karkashin ƙaramin microscope, dabbobi suna nuna kasusuwa masu tsufa waɗanda ke aiki akan ka'idodin karfi ko almakashi. Tare da waɗannan matakan, kifin na starfish yana tsabtace kanta daga cututtukan kwari. Babban abincin yana wakiltar mollusks.

Spiky da urchins na ruwan sama marasa lafiya suna da kalar allurai masu kaifi wadanda suke hade da jikin mutum. Wani mutum da yake taka rawa a kan irin wannan halittar marine yayi kasada da kansa. Sharp endings a yanka a cikin taushi kyallen takarda da tsokani suppuration mai girma. Abubuwan da aka sanya a ciki sune kayan kariya waɗanda aka umarce su akan maƙiyan (kifin kifi).

Ana daukar Hedgehog a matsayin dabbobin da suka fi fice a duniya. Processesananan tsari suna kama da masu nasara. Suna da bukata don:

• Motsi daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan,
• rarrafe a kan m saman
• haɗe-haɗe zuwa ƙasa, duwatsu.

Duk wani shingen da ke zaune a cikin kogi mai zurfi, yana manne da dutsen. Don haka ya cimma nasarar zama dole.

Kananan kalamai

Daga cikin mazaunan ruwa, mollusks sun fi girma ƙasƙanci kuma sun kasu kashi da yawa: sannu a hankali suna rarrafewa, wuce gona da iri, kuma kusan ba motsawa. Yaron a cikin labarinsa na aji na iya ambata bayani cewa duk waɗannan halittu suna da kwasfa mai kariya a bayansu. Hakanan suna da wadatattun kwayoyi da huhu waɗanda suke iya hurawa a ƙasa da cikin ruwa.

Jiki mai laushi na mollusk yana cikin kwasfa, yana da kai da kafa ɗaya. Suna buƙatar reshe don kamannin ƙasa a kan yashi na kandami, suna motsawa da haɗa kan shinge na dutse. A ƙarƙashin matattarar sutturar akwai wani katon masana'anta. Lokacin rubuta saƙo game da rayuwar ruwa, ya kamata a lura cewa ba tare da keratinized Layer ba, jikin mollusk yana da saukin kamuwa da lalacewa.

A cikin rahoto kan rayuwar ruwa, dalibi na iya zana tebur tare da kwatancen kwatankwacin nau'ikan dabbobi da kifi. Zai iya bincika bayanai masu ban sha'awa game da batun kan albarkatun Intanet kamar Wikipedia. Za'a iya saukar da bayanai kyauta akan shafin kai tsaye.

Manyan kyawawan mazaunan 10 na teku da tekuna

1. Jellyfish Atoll shine mafi kyawun jellyfish.
2. Clam Blue mala'ika - m canza launi.
3. Sosai na garaya wani nau'i ne mai ban mamaki.
4. Octopus Dumbo - bayyananne mai ban sha'awa.
5. Tushewar teku - kyawun fasali da launuka.
6. Tabarmar teku mai ƙanshi - ƙonewa mai ƙonewa.
7. Ribbon moray eel wani kyakkyawan mazaunin teku ne.
8. Kifi Mandarin - launuka masu haske.
9. Kifi na kadinal Banggai wani tsari ne wanda ba sabon abu ba.
10. Kunkuru na kunkuru - hotuna masu ban mamaki.

Jellyfish Atoll - mafi zurfin kyakkyawa

Jellyfish Atoll wata halitta ce mai kyawu. Dukkanin halittun wannan nau'in suna da girma, amma Atoll ana ɗauka mafi kyau. Jellyfish suna da tsarin kararrawa ko laima. Jikinsu ya ƙunshi jelly-like connective tissue. Godiya ga wannan, suna kama da kyakkyawar hula ko fitilar dare.

Jellyfish yana motsawa ta hanyar rage ganuwar Sphere. A lokaci guda, gaba ɗayan jikinsu suna tafiya daidai, wanda daga gefe yana da kyau sosai. Jellyfish Atoll yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan mazaunan tekuna masu zurfin tunani. Jikinta yana da launin ja mai kyau. An bai wa jikin damar ikon fitar da kyalli mai haske. Wannan tsari yana faruwa ne sakamakon rushewar jikin kwayar halitta ta musamman - luciferin. Kyakkyawar yanayin halitta mai kama da haske tana kama da ban mamaki a cikin zurfin teku. Ana iya kwatanta shi da mai daraja a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. Koyaya, zaku iya sha'awan wannan kallon kawai a bidiyo ko hoto. Jellyfish Atoll yana zaune a zurfin har zuwa mita 5,000, saboda haka kusan babu wuya a gan shi yana raye.

Clam Blue Angel - mafi kyawun clam

Halittar halittar karkashin ruwa mai kyau kyakkyawa itace mollusk da ake kira Blue Angel. Yana zaune cikakke har zuwa sunan sa na ban mamaki. A cikin bayyanar, ya fi kama da tsuntsu na aljanna tare da kayan maye. Haɗuwa da inuwa daga shuɗi zuwa shuɗi mai launin shuɗi yana mai da kyau kyakkyawa. Kallo ɗaya daga gare shi ya isa ya yi mamakin yadda yanayin iya kwarewar yake.

Angelfish nau'in gastropods ne da ke rayuwa a cikin tekun sanyi na Arewacin Hemisphere. Gangar jikinsu yana da siffar elongated, tare da gefuna wanda akwai matakai na bakin ciki na lamellar - parapodia. Suna ba da mollusk wannan asalin. Ana samar da Parapodia a cikin nau'ikan taurari tare da haskoki na yau da kullun, wasunsu waɗanda suke guntu fiye da wasu. A ciki akwai tsokoki waɗanda suke yin motsi. Tare da taimakonsu, mala'iku masu shudi suna ci gaba da teku. Kyakkyawan bayyanar da mazaunin teku tayi amfani dashi don yaɗa shi a masana'antar caca. A kan tushensa, an ƙirƙiri wasu sanannun haruffan Anime na Japan (Pokémon). Hakanan abu ne na yau da kullun don samar da kayan kyauta, kayan haɗi.

Tushewar teku - kyakkyawa

Duk da sunan da ba shi da kyau, wannan mazaunin tekuna da tekuna suna da kyau sosai. Hotunan su kawai kyakkyawa ne. Sunan Latin don wannan nau'in shine elysia chlorotica. Suna da alaƙa da gastropods ko katantanwa. Wadannan dabbobin suna iya aiwatar da daukar hoto a jikinsu (kamar tsirrai). Don wannan tsari, ana buƙatar ƙwayoyin musamman - chloroplasts. Kayan ruwan teku ba su da su, saboda haka ana tilasta su ɗauke su daga alƙar da suke ci. Godiya ga cin algae, jikin mollusks an fentin shi a cikin inuwa mai ban sha'awa na Emerald mai ban mamaki. Wasu lokuta launi yana canzawa saboda canje-canje a cikin taro na chlorophyll. Sabili da haka, slugs na teku na iya zama ja, launin ruwan kasa, inuwa mai shuɗi.

Mutane daya-daya suna da kyau, wadanda jikinsu ya rufe da tarkuna wadanda suka fito daga bangon babban launi. Tufafin yana ba da fara'a musamman ga dabba. Wannan ingantaccen parapodia ne wanda ke kewaye da jikin mollusk tare da duk tsawon sa. Slugs na iya ninka shi, tanƙwara gefuna tare da flounces, wanda yayi kama da kyau mara kyau. Sannan mollusk yayi kama da kyakkyawar harsashi yana iyo cikin zurfin ruwa. Matsayin mazaunin teku shine ruwan Tekun Atlantika a gefen gabar Kanada, Amurka. Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na mollusks shine tsarin hada-hadar kai-da-kai. Kowane halitta tana fitar da maniyyi da ƙwai. Bayan matingrsu, suna gundura tare cikin dogon tsayi. Sannan mollusk din ya mutu ta dabi'a, wanda ake kira mutuwa mai shirye.

Tabarmar teku mai ɗaukar hankali - mafi kyawun juji

Macijin teku mai narkewa shine wata halitta kyakkyawa da abar ban mamaki. Ya yi kama da yana da ganye mai yawa a haɗe a kan torso. Idan ya yi iyo, ganye yakan yi kamar, yadda yake faruwa a cikin bishiyoyi a cikin iska. Sauran sunanshi rak, wanda ke nuna yanayin kamannin sa. Dutsen shine nau'in kifi mai launin shuɗi, mallakar dangi. Waɗannan kifayen da suke da kyau suna zaune a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi na Tekun Indiya, kusa da bakin tekun Tasmania, Ostiraliya. Ana iya same su kusa da murjani murjani, cikin ruwa mara zurfi.

Mazaunin teku ya kai 35 cm tsawon. A cikin tsari, yayi kama da na tekun teku na yau da kullun, jikinsa yana jujjuya wata takamaiman hanya don wannan nau'in, wanda yake bayyane a hoto. Bambanci ita ce, jikinsa duka ya cika da faranti tare da gefuna wavy. Takardun ganye a matsayin wani ɓoye don ɓoyewa daga mafarautan. Suna ba da kifin kama da algae. Rag ɗin yana motsawa a hankali, wanda shine na hali ga skates. Yakan yi tafiya lafiya cikin raƙuman ruwa, yana kiyaye ma'auninsa da taimakon ƙashin ƙyallen. Wannan nau'in nau'in teku na cikin hatsari. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gazawarsa wajen samar da kafaɗa a cikin algae yayin tashin hankali a teku (kamar yadda wasu atesan skates suke yi). Saboda haka, bayan hadari, beraye da yawa sun mutu.

Tangerine kifi - m bayyanar

Tangerine kifi wani nau'in kifi ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ke jawo hankalin mutane tare da launinsa mai haske. Sau da yawa ana bred tare da maƙasudi na ado, saboda zai zama ado na duka akwatin kifaye. Duck mandarin yana cikin gidan lyre perch-like team. Gasar mazaunin ta shine yanki na yamma na Tekun Bahar Rum. Ana iya ganin kifayen Tangerine a bakin tekun:

• Filifin
• Indonesia
• Ostiraliya

Dabbobin Mandarin suna zaune a cikin tekuna kusa da reefs, suna kwance a lagoons da aka ba da kariya daga iska da raƙuman ruwa. A cikin daji, zaka iya ganin kifi, amma kallon su abune mai wahala. Waɗannan kyawawan mazaunan tekun kudu sun kasance ƙananan (har zuwa 6 cm), don haka a kasan ba su da sauƙi a gani. Kuna iya sha'awar su a cikin hoto ko a cikin akwatin kifaye. Karancin kifin Mandarin akan plankton, ƙananan crustaceans. Wannan mu'ujiza ta yanayi ana kuma kiranta kifi mai ilimin kiba saboda yanayin ban sha'awa da ake amfani da ita ga akwati, wutsiya da ƙusoshin. Ba a kira Mandarin da launi na 'ya'yan itacen ba, amma saboda kamanceceniya da tufafin ƙazamar sarakunan Sinawa - mandarins.

Bangai Cardinal Kifi - Manyan Komawa

Daya daga cikin kyawawan kifayen da suke rayuwa a cikin ruwayen tekun ita ce kifin Bangai. Ana samunsa ne kawai a bakin gabar tsibirin Bangai (Indonesia).

Wadannan halittun marine suna son lagos mai nutsuwa wanda aka ɓoye a cikin ruwan murƙus. Suna da zafi sosai, yanayin ruwa a kusa da gabar Bangai yana da kusan digiri 30. Cardinal wani shahararren gani ne tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki wadanda ke yin kaunarsu saboda launinsu da ƙyallen su.

Ribbon moray eel - kirkirar ruwan marine mai zurfi daga zurfin teku

Ribbon moray eel mallakar kifayen da suke samu a cikin tekuna da teku. Yana cikin rukunin eel-like. A waje, kifin yana kama da kintinkiri mai dogon zanen tare da m, launuka masu haske.

Lokacin motsawa, yana jujjuyawa, yana samar da macijin. Yayi kyau sosai, raye kuma a cikin hoto. Wani fasalin mazaunin wannan teku shine canjin launi koyaushe. Matasa kifi suna da launin toka, sannan sai ya canza zuwa shuɗi, kore, rawaya. Haka kuma, suna iya samun tabarau da yawa a lokaci guda.

Kunkuru Green Turtle - mafi kyawun hotuna

Kunkuru mai koren kore shine mafi kyawun teku wanda ke zaune a irinsa. Garkuwan garkuwa ana zane-zanen a Emerald, zaitun, launuka masu haske. Za'a iya ganin launuka daki-daki a cikin hoto. Hakanan akwai launin ruwan kasa, launin rawaya, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wanda ya dace tare da babban launi.

An kwantar da ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren harsashi da ƙarfi. Bugu da kari, kunkuru mai launin kore yana da kyawawan idanu masu kama da almond. Wadannan mazaunan tekuna da tekuna suna zaune su kadai, amma wani lokacin zaku iya haɗuwa da ƙananan yankunan su. Kyakkyawan garken kogi, mai iyo a cikin zurfin teku, gani ne mai ban sha'awa.

Octopus Dumbo - mafi kyawun octopus

Octopus Dambo (grimpotevtis) mazaunin teku ne mai zurfin teku. An samo shi a zurfin har zuwa mita 5000. Wasu lokuta sukan tashi mita 100 zuwa saman. A cikin hoto yana kama da kyan gani har ya yi kama da abin wasa mai ban sha'awa.

Wannan wata halitta ce mai taushi-fata mai dauke da idanu baki da kuma makamancin kama da kunnuwa. Da alkyabbar sa ya fara murɗawa, yana jingina jikin. Abin takaici, zaku iya sha'awan shi kawai a cikin hoto, kamar yadda zurfin teku ya zama 100 m fiye da isowar masu iyo na yau da kullun.

Dabbobin ruwa masu shayarwa

Masana kimiyya sun gano nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa sama da 125 - mazaunan teku. Za'a iya kasu gida uku:

1. Walruses, fur fur da hatimi (ƙungiyar da aka makala).
2. Dolphins da Whales (ƙungiyar cetacean).
3. Manatees da digongs (ɓarke ​​herbivores).
4. Itatuwa na teku (ko otters).

Firstungiyar farko tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma (fiye da mutane miliyan 600). Dukkanin su karnukan farauta ne kuma suna kiwon kifi. Walruses manyan dabbobi ne. Wasu mutane sun kai nauyin tan 1.5 kuma sun girma har zuwa mita 4. xarfin canji da sassauci na walruses suna da ban mamaki a waɗannan girma dabam, suna iya motsawa ƙasa da ruwa. Saboda tsarin musamman, pharynx zai iya yin dogon lokaci a teku kuma ba zai nutsar da shi ba, koda kuwa yana barci. Fata mai laushi mai launin fata tare da walrus mai haske yana haskakawa, kuma idan kuna iya ganin ruwan hoda, har kusan fararen fata, walrus, kun san - yana ɗan shekara 35 da haihuwa. Ga waɗannan mutane, wannan tsufa ne. Walrus ba a gauraye da hatimi ba kawai saboda alamomin su - tus. Auna ɗaya daga cikin manyan tushin ya nuna kusan 80 cm a tsayi, da nauyi - kimanin kilo 5. Fashin gaba na walrus yana ƙare da yatsunsu - biyar akan kowane paw.

Seals suna zaune a cikin Arctic da Antarctic, saboda haka suna iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi sosai (har -80 ° C). Yawancinsu ba su da kayan agaji na waje, amma suna ji sosai. Jawo hatimi gajere amma mai kauri, wanda ke taimakawa dabbar ta motsa ƙarƙashin ruwa. Seals a cikin ƙasa suna da alama ba su da lafiya kuma ba su da tsaro. An motsa su da taimakon forelimbs da ciki, kafafunsu na hagu basu da ci gaba. Koyaya, suna motsawa da sauri cikin ruwa kuma suna iyo sosai.

Fur ɗin rufewar suna da yawan cin abinci. A ranar da suka ci 4 - 5 kilogiram na kifi. Wani damisa na teku - mai ɗaukar hatimi na hatimi - na iya kamawa da cin sauran alsan ƙaramar hatimin ko penguins. Bayyananniya dabi'a ce ga mafi yawan pinnipeds. Seoƙon hatimin muchan uwan ​​sun fi sauran membobin theyan uwansu girma, don haka sai su yi birgima ko'ina tare da dukkan ƙafafu huɗu. Idanun waɗannan mazaunan teku suna da kyau, amma an san cewa suna gani da talauci - myopia.

Dabbobin ruwa da kifi Whales dangin juna ne. Dabbobin kwayoyi suna daya daga cikin halittun da basu saba ba a doron kasa. Sifofinsu na musamman:

• Rashin kunnuwa, hanci, karamin idanu kuma a lokaci guda keɓantaccen echolocation wanda zai ba ku damar sanin ainihin abubuwan abubuwa a cikin ruwa.
• Jikin tsirara mai ratsa jiki, ba tare da alamun ulu ko sikeli ba, fuskar da take sabuntawa koyaushe.
• Muryar da fara magana, ba da damar dolphins don sadarwa tare da juna a cikin shirya.

Whales sune ƙattai a tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Suna ciyar da plankton ko ƙananan kifi, suna numfasawa tare da taimakon rami na musamman da ake kira "breather". Yayin hawan bacci, wani marmaro na iska mai laushi daga huhu ta ratsa ta. Whales yana motsawa cikin ruwa tare da taimakon ƙeƙai, girman wanda ya bambanta da nau'ikan halittu. Whale mai bakin ruwa shine dabba mafi girma da ta taɓa rayuwa a duniya.

Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan kifayen teku

Kungiya mafi girma na biyu na mazaunan ruwa sun hada da wadannan nau'ikan:

• Lambar (launin shudi, farin, saffron cod, hake, pollock, pollock da sauransu).
• Mackerel (mackerel, tuna, mackerel da sauran kifaye).
• Flounder (flounder, halibut, dexist, embassicht, da sauransu).

• Kamewa (mazaunin Atlantika, garken Atlantika, Baltic herring, Pacific herring, sardine na Turai, Turai sprat).

• Sargan-kamar (sargan, medaka, saury, da sauransu).
• Sharks na teku.

Nau'in farko yana zaune a cikin tekuna na Tekun Atlantika, yanayin jin dadi a gare su shine 0 С Its Babban bambancin waje shine gashin baki akan gindi. Suna zaune galibi a gindin, suna ciyar da plankton, amma ana samun nau'ikan jinsin. Lambobi sune mafi yawan wakilan wannan tallafin. Yana kiwon dabbobi masu yawa - kimanin miliyan tara eggsaya don tsintsaye guda. Ya na da mahimmancin kasuwanci, tunda nama da hanta suna da mai mai yawa. Pollock dogon hanta ne a cikin kwalin dangin (yana rayuwa 16 - shekaru 20). Tana zaune a cikin ruwan sanyi, kifi ne mai zurfin teku. An kama Pollock sosai.

Mackerel baya jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa. Namarsu na da ƙima don darajar abinci mai gina jiki, mai mai yawa da yawan bitamin.

A cikin kifin lebur ɗin ana zaune a gefe ɗaya na kai: dama ko hagu. Suna da ƙusoshin ƙyalli da jiki mara nauyi.

Kifin herring shine majagaba tsakanin kifin kasuwanci. Abubuwa na rarrabe - ba ko ƙaramin hakora ba, kuma kusan duka basu da sikeli.

Kifin mai siffar Sargan mai siffar elongated tare da dogaye, wani lokacin jaws asymmetric.

Shark - daya daga cikin manyan maharban jirgin ruwa. Whale shark shine kadai yake ciyar da plankton. Abubuwan iyakance na sharks sune tunanin ƙanshi da ji. Zasu iya jin ƙanshi na ɗaruruwan kilomita, kuma kunne na ciki na iya ɗaukar matsanancin rashin ƙarfi. Weaponaƙƙarfan makamin Shark shine haƙoran haƙora, wanda zai zubar da jikin wanda abin ya shafa cikin guntu. Daya daga cikin manyan kuskuren fahimta shine ra'ayin cewa dukkan sharks suna da haɗari ga mutane. Speciesabi'u 4 ne kawai ke haifar da haɗari ga ɗan adam - bijimin sa, fari, damisa, mai fiɗa.

Moray bayyane sune magabatan marine daga dangin eel, wanda jikinsa ya rufe da gamsai mai guba. A waje yayi matukar kama da macizai. A zahiri basa gani, suna jan kansu cikin sarari ta ƙanshin.

Algae da Plankton

Wannan shine mafi girman nau'in rayuwa. Akwai nau'ikan plankton iri biyu:

• Sasara Yana ciyarwa akan hoto. M, waɗannan su ne algae.
• Zooplankton (kananan dabbobi da larvae na kifi). Ku ci phytoplankton.

Plankton ya hada da algae, kwayoyin, protozoa, lardin crustacean, da kuma jellyfish.

Jellyfish na ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin halittu a duniya. Ba a san ainihin saitin jinsinsu ba. Daya daga cikin wakilai mafi girma shine jellyfish “Girman zaki” (tsawon tsayi shine 30 m). Filin “Australia” yana da haɗari musamman. Sizearamin ƙaramin abu yana da nau'ikan jelifiya mai gaskiya - kusan 2.5 cm. Lokacin da jellyfish ya mutu, to, shingen sa na iya makalewa aan kwanaki.

Jinjin teku mai zurfi

Mazaunan bakin tekun suna da yawa, amma girman su na zamani ne. Waɗannan su ne, ainihin, mafi kyawun ƙwayoyin halittun marasa amfani, hanji, tsutsotsi, ƙwayar cuta, da mollusks. Koyaya, a cikin ruwa mai zurfi akwai kifayen da jellyfish, waɗanda suke da ikon yin haske. Sabili da haka, zamu iya cewa a ƙarƙashin shafi na ruwa ba cikakken duhu bane. Kifayen da suke rayuwa a ciki suna da yawa, suna amfani da haske don jan hankalin abin da ya kama. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ba a saba gani da ban tsoro, a kallon farko, shineioi.Wannan karamin kifi ne mai baƙar fata tare da dogon gashin baki a saman lebe, tare da taimakon wanda yake motsawa, kuma tare da mummunan hakora.

Flora na teku da tekuna

Tsirrai masu ruwa suna ɗauke da chlorophyll, launin kore. Tare da shi, ƙarfin rana yana tarawa. Ruwa ya kasu kashi oxygen da hydrogen, sannan hydrogen ya shiga cikin sinadaran da ke dauke da carbon dioxide daga matsakanikan da ke kewaye. Bayan wannan, samuwar sitaci, sukari da furotin.

A mafi zurfin zurfin, ana samun babban fure. Mazaunan teku mai zurfi a cikin waɗannan “wuraren ciyawar teku” kuma suna samun abincinsu.

Ofayan mafi girman algae shine kelp, tsayin su na iya kaiwa mita shida. Daga wannan shuka ne ake samo aidin, kuma ana amfani dasu azaman taki don filayen.

Tabar wiwi masu zurfin teku sun zama gida ga yawancin halittun ruwa

Wata kyakkyawar mazaunan tekuna da tekun teku (galibin latin kudu) gandunan marine, waɗanda ake kira murjani. Amma kada ku rikita su da tsire-tsire, waɗannan dabbobi ne na ainihi. Suna zaune a manyan yankuna, suna jingina zuwa ga wuraren dutse.

Murjani yana mamakin tunaninmu tare da kyawun furanni da sifofi.

Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar hasken rana, saboda haka ana samun tsire-tsire aƙalla zurfin mita 200. A ƙasa kawai mazaunan tekuna da teku waɗanda ba sa bukatar hasken rana.

Halittun teku

A da, an yi imanin cewa babu wanda ke zaune a ƙasa da tazarar kilomita shida saboda matsanancin matsin lamba da bututun ruwa yake yi akan rayayyun halittu. Amma masana kimiyya sun gudanar da bincike mai zurfi a cikin teku, wanda ya tabbatar da hasashen cewa a cikin zurfin zurfin rayuwa akwai nau'ikan rayuwa daban-daban (crustaceans, tsutsotsi, da sauransu).

Wasu mazaunan teku masu zurfin tekuna da tekun lokaci-lokaci suna haɓaka zuwa zurfin har zuwa mita dubu. A sama, ba sa tashi, saboda kusa da farfajiya, ana lura da manyan bambance-bambancen yanayin zafin jiki.

Grebnevik ya ji daɗin faɗa a cikin matsanancin duhu

Yawancin halittu masu zurfin teku waɗanda suke ciyar da rayuwarsu gabaɗaya a ƙasa basu da hangen nesa. Amma wasu sassan jikinsu suna da fitilu na musamman. Ana buƙatar su don kubuta daga masu ɓarna da kuma jawo hankalin waɗanda za su iya cinye abubuwa.

Bayyanar biri biri ba zai zama kowa ga kowa ba, sai dai yanayin mahaifiya, da kyan gani

Dabbobin tekuna da tekuna suna jin daɗin rayuwa a cikin muhallinsu, da yawa daga cikinsu basa buƙatar sajewa da canjin yanayi a cikin yanayin.

Octopus - mafi hikimar wakilin cephalopods

Specialan wasa na musamman cikin rayuwar yawancin mazaunan ruwa sune ke gudana ta hanyar abubuwan da ba a bayyana ba, waɗanda ake kira plankton, waɗanda yanzu ke jigilar su. Suna ciyar da kifaye masu yawa waɗanda suke motsawa koyaushe. Tare da haɓaka zurfi, adadin plankton yana raguwa sosai.

Masana kimiyya sun daɗe da tabbatar da cewa mazaunan tekuna da tekuna suna rayuwa a cikin duk faɗin ruwa. Waɗannan dabbobi da tsire-tsire suna sananne da bambancin nau'in halitta, da kuma sifofi da launuka iri-iri. Kuna iya jin daɗin nau'ikan kifayen, kifin kifi, murjani da sauran ma'abuta ruwa a cikin mafi kyawun fasalin waɗanda suke da alama baƙi daga wata duniyar kuma suna sha'awar kamalar halitta.

Fizalia ko jirgin ruwan Fotugal ba kawai kyakkyawa bane, har ma da mutuwa

A cikin ƙarshen magana, na kawo muku wani fim mai ban sha'awa na ban mamaki wanda aka keɓe shi don yawancin mazaunan tekuna da tekun da ake kira "Mafi ƙarancin dabbobi. Zurfin teku. " Duba, zai zama mai ban sha'awa!

Kuma a mafi cikakkun bayanai, tare da wakilai masu ban sha'awa na duniyar ruwa, waɗannan labaran zasu gabatar da ku:

Sauran dabbobin teku

Brownie Shark

p, blockquote 43,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 44,0,0,0,0 ->

Mako Shark

p, blockquote 45,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 46,0,0,0,0 ->

Sharks

p, blockquote 47,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 48,0,0,0,0 ->

Hammerhead shark

p, blockquote 49,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 50,0,0,0,0 ->

Shark

p, blockquote 51,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 52,0,0,0,0 ->

Harkar Atlanta

p, blockquote 53,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 54,0,0,0,0 ->

Bahamian katako mai shark

p, blockquote 55,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 56,0,0,0,0 ->

Blue Whale

p, blockquote 57,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 58,0,0,0,0 ->

Yankana Whale

p, blockquote 59,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 60,0,0,0,0 ->

Gray whale

p, blockquote 61,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 62,0,0,0,0 ->

Humpback kifi (Humpback)

p, blockquote 63,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 64,0,0,0,0 ->

Finwal

p, blockquote 65,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 66,0,0,0,0 ->

Sayval (Saidyan (Ivassev) whale)

p, blockquote 67,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 68,0,0,0,0 ->

Minke kifi Whale

p, blockquote 69,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 70,0,0,0,0 ->

Yankin kudu

p, blockquote 71,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 72,0,0,0,0 ->

Maniyyi saha

p, blockquote 73,1,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 74,0,0,0,0 ->

Dwarf maniyyi Whale

p, blockquote 75,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 76,0,0,0,0 ->

Beluga Whale

p, blockquote 77,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 78,0,0,0,0 ->

Narwhal (Unicorn)

p, blockquote 79,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 80,0,0,0,0 ->

Dan wasan ninkaya na Arewa

p, blockquote 81,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 82,0,0,0,0 ->

Alamar kwalba

p, blockquote 83,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 84,0,0,0,0 ->

Barkiya baƙi

p, blockquote 85,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 86,0,0,0,0 ->

Dabbar dolphin

p, blockquote 87,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 88,0,0,0,0 ->

Dabbar dolfin launi

p, blockquote 89,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 90,0,0,0,0 ->

Grinda

p, blockquote 91,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 92,0,0,0,0 ->

Dabbar dolfin grey

p, blockquote 93,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 94,0,0,0,0 ->

Kisan kifi

p, blockquote 95,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 96,0,0,0,0 ->

Kisan kifi

p, blockquote 97,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 98,0,0,0,0 ->

Dogon-ruwa mai cajin kudi

p, blockquote 99,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 100,0,0,0,0 ->

Dabbar Dolfin Doki

p, blockquote 101,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 102,0,0,0,0 ->

Rufin hatimi

p, blockquote 103,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 104,0,0,0,0 ->

Damisawar Tekun

p, blockquote 105,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 106,0,0,0,0 ->

Kogin giwa

p, blockquote 107,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 108,0,0,0,0 ->

Zabin teku

p, blockquote 109,0,0,1,0 ->

p, blockquote 110,0,0,0,0 ->

Walrus na Pacific

p, blockquote 111,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 112,0,0,0,0 ->

Harshen Warin Atlanta

p, blockquote 113,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 114,0,0,0,0 ->

Laptev walrus

p, blockquote 115,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 116,0,0,0,0 ->

Zakin teku

p, blockquote 117,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 118,0,0,0,0 ->

Manatee

p, blockquote 119,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 120,0,0,0,0 ->

Kifin teku mai kafa takwas

p, blockquote 121,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 122,0,0,0,0 ->

Kankana

p, blockquote 123,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 124,0,0,0,0 ->

Squid

p, blockquote 125,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 126,0,0,0,0 ->

Gizo-gizo gizo-gizo

p, blockquote 127,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 128,0,0,0,0 ->

Lobster

p, blockquote 129,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 130,0,0,0,0 ->

Spiny lobster

p, blockquote 131,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 132,0,0,0,0 ->

Dokin Kowa

p, blockquote 133,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 134,0,0,0,0 ->

Jellyfish

p, blockquote 135,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 136,0,0,0,0 ->

Matsakaicin

p, blockquote 137,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 138,0,0,0,0 ->

Kunkuru

p, blockquote 139,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 140,0,0,0,0 ->

Zobe emidocephalus

p, blockquote 141,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 142,0,0,0,0 ->

Dugong

p, blockquote 143,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 144,0,0,0,0 ->

Kammalawa

Dabbobin ruwa masu ruwa kamar dabbobi masu rarrafe ne. Kodayake yawancin dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa a ƙasa ko kuma suna lokaci cikin ruwa mai kyau, akwai wasu nau'ikan da ke rayuwa a cikin tekun. Mafi shahararrun su shine kunkuru ne. Suna zaune tsawon shekaru, girma. A cikin teku, kunkuru mai tsufa ba shi da abokan gaba, nutsewa cikin zurfi don neman abinci ko guje wa haɗari. Macizai na teku wani nau'in maɓuɓɓugar ruwan ruwa.

p, blockquote 145,0,0,0,0 -> p, blockquote 146,0,0,0,1 ->

Dabbobin teku sune tushen abinci mai mahimmanci ga mutane. Mutane suna samun abinci a teku daban-daban kuma a kan manyan tasoshin teku, abincin teku yana da dadi, ƙoshin lafiya da rahusa fiye da na dabbobi masu dumin jini.

Ruwan urchine, taurari da furanni

Duk waɗannan halittun teku sune wakilan nau'ikan echinoderms, waɗanda ke da bambance-bambancen kwalliya daga dabbobi da sauran nau'ikan. Echinoderms suna buƙatar ruwan gishiri don rayuwa, saboda haka ana samo su ne kawai a cikin tekun da tekuna.

Tekun urchin.

Bishiyar ruwan teku na iya samun haskoki 5 zuwa 50. A ƙarshen kowane katako akwai ƙaramin ido wanda yake hangen haske. Launin urchins na teku yana da haske: ja, lemo, rawaya, kore, shunayya da shuɗi. Girman urchins na teku na iya zuwa mita 1, amma akwai wasu halittu da ba su wuce milimita kawai ba.

Kifayen abinci na tafiya a hankali a hankali, cikin awa 1 sun ci nasara ba tare da tsawan 10 ba.

Taurarin teku.

Dukda cewa wadannan halittun suna sannu a hankali kuma basu da hakora, amma su kaddara ce. Starfish suna ciyar da kifin, oysters, crabs da urchins na teku. Wadannan halittun da suke shan iska suna cin komai a hanya. Sukan hadiye abincin kifin baki daya. Idan clam babba ne, to tauraron kifayen ya lullube haskoki a gefenta tare da bayyana fuka-fukan sa. Idan wannan bai yi nasara ba, to, tauraron ya sami hanyar fita - yana iya narke abinci daga waje, wannan halittar mai ban mamaki tana da rata na milim 0.2 kawai don tura ciki a ciki. Starfish suna jefa ciki a kan kifayen rayuwa, don wani lokaci kifayen za su yi iyo tare tauraron kuma a hankali su narke.

Lily teku wata halitta ce mai kyaun gani.

Uraruruwan teku suna da dabbobi iri-iri; suna iya cin katantanwa, kifin kifi, kifayen mamaci, kifin bama, algae, har ma yan uwansu. Uraƙƙarfan ruwan teku suna rayuwa a cikin duwatsu masu tsafta da dutse, kuma suna yin minks akan kansu ta hanyar taimakon abubuwan da suke daure.

A bayyanar, furannin teku suna kama da furanni. Suna zaune a ƙasan teku. Iliesan furannin teku na manya suna jagorancin salon rayuwa mara motsi. Kimanin nau'ikan furanni 600 na ruwan teku sun zama ruwan dare, yawancinsu ba su da yawa.

Jellyfish

Jellyfish dabbobi ne na teku da ke rayuwa a kowace teku da tekuna. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna da madawwamiyar jikin mutane, tunda kashi 97% na wadannan halittu an hada da ruwa.

Jellyfish.

Matashi na jellyfish ba kamar manya bane. Jellyfish sa qwai, daga gare su larvae an kafa, wanda polyp ke tsiro, kama da wani daji. Bayan wani lokaci, jellyfish yana zuwa daji, daga inda ake samun mutane da yawa.

Jellyfish na iya zama da siffofi da launuka iri-iri. A cikin tsayi, za su iya kaiwa zuwa milimita masu yawa, kuma suna iya girma zuwa mita 2.5. Yankunan alfarwansu wani lokaci sun kai santimita 30. Wadannan halittun zasu iya rayuwa a tsawon zurfin kusan mita 2000 da saman teku.

Yawancin jellyfish na iya haifar da ƙonewar fata mai rauni.

Yawancin jellyfish suna da kyau sosai. Da alama cewa waɗannan halittu masu amintattu ba su da wata matsala gaba ɗaya, amma jellyfish predan wasan gaba ne. A cikin jellyfish, capsules na musamman an mayar da hankali ne a cikin bakin da kan tantunan, wanda ke lalata wanda aka cutar da shi. A tsakiyar kwalliyar capsule akwai doguwar zaren a cikin babban yanki. Lokacin da wanda aka azabtar ya kusanci, wannan jefa tare da ruwa mai guba ana watsar da shi. Idan kwaya ta taɓa jellyfish, nan take ta jingina ga tantin, daga nan sai zaren dafin guba ya fashe a ciki, wanda hakan ke gurɓata shi.

Venwanin Jellyfish na iya shafar mutane daban. Wasu mutane suna da cikakken tsaro, yayin da wasu ke haifar da barazanar. Mai haɗari ga mutane shine krestovichok na jellyfish, wanda ba shi da girma fiye da tsabar kudin 5 cents a cikin girman. A kan laima mai launin shuɗi-kore akwai launi mara nauyi. Godiya ga wannan tsarin, wannan jellyfish mai guba ya sami suna. Idan an taɓa ɗan ƙaramin gicciye, mutum yana da ƙonewa mai zafi, bayan wannan sai ya rasa hankali, kuma an fara kai harin sha iska. Idan ba a bayar da taimako akan lokaci ba, wanda abin ya shafa zai mutu a kan tabo.

Jellyfish - halittun da ba su da nauyi.

Jellyfish yi iyo saboda raguwar laima da aka sani. Jellyfish yana yin kusan ƙanƙancewa 140 tare da laima a minti ɗaya, saboda haka zai iya iyo sosai da sauri. Mafi yawan lokaci wadannan halittun suna rayuwa a saman ruwa.

A shekara ta 2002, an sami wani katon kifi a cikin Tekun Japan, laima wadda ta wuce mita 3 a girma, kuma nauyinta ya kai kilogram 150. Wannan shine mafi girman jellyfish da aka yiwa rijista. Abin lura ne cewa an fara samun jellyfish na wannan nau'in misalin mita 1 a cikin girma a cikin dubbai. Masana kimiyya ba za su iya fahimtar dalilin da yasa waɗannan jellyfish suka ƙaru da girma ba, amma an yi imanin cewa ƙaruwa da zafin jiki ya rinjayi su.

Dabbobi masu shayarwa

Bugu da kari, adadi mai yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna rayuwa a cikin tekun, tekuna da ruwa mai-kyau. Misali, dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar dabbar dolphin suna rayuwa duk a rayuwarsu cikin ruwa. Kuma wasu suna nutsuwa cikin ruwa kawai don neman abinci, alal misali, otter. Duk rayuwar ruwa na iya iyo iyo, kuma wasu sun sami damar nutse zuwa zurfin zurfafa.

Girman dabbobin ƙasa sun iyakance ta ikonsu na tallafawa nauyi, kuma cikin ruwa nauyin jikin mutum ya zama ƙasa, da yawa kifayen kifi suna girma zuwa masu girma dabam.

Tekun otter - otter teku.

Akwai kungiyoyi masu shayarwa 4 a cikin tekuna da tekuna:

1. Cetaceans - kifayen dabbar dolphins,
2. Sirens - digongs da manatees,
3. Pinnipeds - like da walruses,
4. Kalaman teku.

An zaɓi pinnipeds da otters na teku akan ƙasa don hutawa da haɓakar zuriya, kuma sirens da cetaceans ba sa barin ruwa.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Matsakaicin

Ofaya daga cikin sanannun wakilai na mollusk oda shine squid. Tana zaune a cikin ruwa mai sanyi da sanyi. Mafi sanyi da ruwa, mai kashe squid launi. Canjin yanayin canza launin shima ya dogara da bugun lantarki. Wasu mutane suna da zuciya uku, don haka suna da ikon sakewa. Squids su ne masu farauto, suna ciyar da ƙaramin ɓawon burodi da plankton.

Oysters, mussel, scallops suma suna cikin mollusks. Wadannan wakilai suna da jikin mai taushi a rufe a cikin harsashi mai ganye biyu. Kusan ba sa motsawa, binne kansu a cikin ɓarna ko rayuwa a cikin manyan yankuna, da ke kan duwatsu da ruwa mai zurfi na ruwa.

Macizai da kunkuru

Tkunkun teku manyan dabbobi ne. Sun kai mita 1.5 a tsayi kuma suna iya nauyi zuwa kilogram 300. Ridley - mafi karami a cikin duk kunkuru, mai nauyin bai wuce kilo 50 ba. Paarshen kunkun areyallesu sun fi ciwuwuro kyau sosai. Wannan yana taimaka musu wajen iyo da nisa. An sani cewa a kan kunkuru a saman teku yana bayyana ne kawai don haihuwa. Paceaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙazamar ƙashi ce da ke da sikirin fuska. Launinta daga haske launin ruwan kasa zuwa kore mai duhu.

Samun abincin kansu, kunkuru ya iyo zuwa zurfin mita 10. M, suna ciyar da kifin kifi, algae kuma wani lokacin ƙananan jellyfish.

Macijin teku sun wanzu cikin jinsuna 56, haɗe cikin 16 samar. An samo su a bakin tekun Afirka da Amurka ta Tsakiya, a cikin Bahar Maliya ba nesa ba kusa da tekun Japan. Yawancin jama'a suna zaune a tekun Kudancin China.

Mafi zurfin fiye da mita 200, macizai ba sa nutsar, amma suna iya zama na awanni 2 ba tare da iska ba. Saboda haka, sama da kilomita 5-6 daga ƙasa, waɗannan mazaunan ruwa ba sa iyo. Crustaceans, jatan lande, goge ya zama abincinsu. Shahararrun wakilan macizai na teku:

• Emidocephalus mai ringed maciji ne mai hakora mai guba.

• Microcephalus karamin maciji ne (70 - 80 cm) tare da karamin kai, mai kauri baya da kuma girman sikirin da ke rufe dukkan jikin.

• Dubois macijin teku ne da ke zaune a bakin gabar Ostareliya. Godiya ga launin ruwan kasa mai haske da ƙananan aibobi, yana da kyau masked. Yana tsoratar da mazauna karkara da abubuwa iri-iri kamar yadda za a iya kwatanta tsintsiyarsa da ƙarfi kamar ta dabbar macilai.

Macizai ba sa rayuwa sau ɗaya a lokaci guda, yawanci suna samar da babban gungu.

Mazaunan teku, hotonsu da sunaye, mazauninsu da wasu abubuwan da ba a sani ba na rayuwa suna da amfani ga masana kimiyya da yan koyo. Tekun shine ɗaukakakken Ulu, asirin waɗanda har yanzu mutane ke da lenarni oneari Mil Mil dayan zasu koya.