Harshe na yau da kullun | |||||||||
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Tsarin kimiyya | |||||||||
Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Platin |
Suborder: | Hedgehogs (Erinaceomorpha Gregory, 1910) |
Subfamily: | Hakikanin shinge |
Duba: | Harshe na yau da kullun |
Harshe na yau da kullun , ko shingen Turai (lat. Erinaceus europaeus), wani nau'in dabbobi ne masu shayarwa daga halittar shinge na Eurasi na dangin shingehog. An bazu ko'ina cikin Turai, Asiaan Asiya, Yammacin Siberiya, Kazakhstan arewa, yankin Amur, arewa da arewa maso gabashin China.
Bayyanar
Harshen shinge na yau da kullun shine ƙaramar dabba. Tsawon jikinsa shine 20-30 cm, wutsiya - kimanin nauyin 3 cm nauyin jiki - 700-800 g. Kunnuwa sun yi karanci (galibi ƙasa da 3.5 cm). A mucks ne elongated. Hancin dabbar yana da kaifi kuma yana danshi koyaushe. Talakawa na shinge na zaune a Cyprus suna da kunnuwa da yawa. A saman muƙamuƙi, shinge suna da ƙananan haƙoran haƙora 20, kuma a ƙananan - 16. isanƙan wuraren haɗari na sama suna yadu sosai, suna barin ɗakin don ciwan ƙananan incisors. Shugaban yana da girma babba, mai kamanni, tare da sashin fuskar fuska mai dan kadan. A kan paws, yatsunsu 5 tare da kaifi mai kaifi. Hannun kafafu sun fi gaban gaba. Abubuwan allurar shinge na yau da kullun sunyi gajeru, basu wuce cm 3. A kai, an rarraba allurai zuwa sassa 2 ta hanyar “rabu”. Farfajiyar allurai suna da laushi, launin su yana kunshe da launuka masu launin brown da haske. A baya, tarnaƙi da kai, allura sun kai tsawon cm 2 A ciki suna m, cike da iska. Abubuwan allura suna girma daidai da gashi. Tsakanin allura sune bakin ciki, tsayi, gashi mai tsayi. Ana rufe kai da ciki da wuya kuma yawanci gashi mai launin duhu. A cikin shinge na manya, yawanci 5-6 dubu allura, a cikin matasa mutane kusan 3 dubu.
A kan fuska, kafafu da ciki na shinge na yau da kullun, launi ya bambanta daga launin fari zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Brownish needles tare da ratsi mai duhu mai duhu. Kirji da makogwaro mai shinge mai kauri ne mai launi, ba tare da farin tabo daban ba. Hedgehogs da suke zaune a Spain suna da launin launi mai launi.
Su waye shinge?
Waɗannan dabbobin suna girma zuwa ƙananan girma kuma dabbobi ne masu shayarwa. Bã su da wani dan kadan nuna da elongated mucks.
Jinsunan Ezhovye nau'ikan abubuwa daban-daban na waje na mutane, kazalika da mazauninsu. Wannan nau'in ya haɗaTenreks da gimnurs, akan jikinmu wanda babu allurai da muka saba dasu.
Gabaɗaya magana, game da waɗannan dabbobi, suna kama sosai. Amma akwai wasu nau'ikan dabbobi da ke cikin jinsin Ezhov, amma a zahiri kadan yayi kama da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.
Ban sha'awa game da shinge
Yi la’akari da wasu bayanai masu ban sha'awa game da wadannan yaran:
- Yanayinsu na yau da kullun na jikinsu yana a matakin digiri 34, yayin da lokacin iskewar jiki yakan sauka zuwa kusan digiri biyu.
- Jikin yarinyar yana da tsayayyar juriya ga cutarwa iri-iri, har ma da karfi sosai.
- Romawa sun tashe waɗannan yaran musamman saboda cin abinci. Ba a kuma cire fata ba, amma ana amfani da ita ne don yaƙar tumakin.
- Hedgehogs ba sa ɗaukar abinci a kan allunan su.
- A jikin jariran daji akwai kwari da yawa da za a iya watsa wa ɗan adam ta hanyar tuntuɓar.
- Sabis suna amfani da fitsari na shinge a matsayin kayan aiki mai tasiri a cikin maganin shan barasa.
Iri daban-daban na shinge
Yawancin nau'ikan, nau'ikan waɗannan dabbobi za'a iya bambanta su, bayanin wasu za'a duba shi a ƙasa:
- Nahiyar Afirka, waɗannan sun haɗa da biyan kuɗi guda huɗu.
- Mataki, ana iya danganta su da jinsin biyu kawai.
- Eurasian, waɗannan nau'ikan uku ne, shinge na yau da kullun na yau da kullum ya shafi kowa a nan.
- Fada. A gare su zaka iya ƙididdige mafi yawan nau'in halittu, masu yawa kamar shida.
Akwai wasu wakilan nau'in halittun, sune gimnurs. Basu yi kama da hanyar shinge na yau da kullun ba. Wadannan sun hada da janareto guda biyar wadanda har yanzu suke rayuwa a cikin yanayi kuma shida an riga an dauke su sun kare.
Yi la'akari da mafi yawan nau'ikan dabbobi a cikin ƙarin daki-daki.
7. Moloch
Moloch tsoka ne daga Australia wanda ya girma 200 mm kuma zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20. Jikinsu gaba daya ya rufe da kaifin lemuka, kuma suma suna da spiky karya na kai a bayan kawunansu. Muna tsammanin wannan, ban da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin dabbobi masu saurin shawo kansu, Moloch shima ɗayan kwantar da hankali ne.
6. urchin na teku
Urchins na teku ƙanana ne, masu yawan tsire-tsire da dabbobin da suke zagaye. Akwai nau'ikan urchins 950 na teku. Dukansu manya-manya ne da launuka daban daban, wadanda suke rayuwa a sassa daban daban na duniya da kuma zurfin zurfafa na teku. Wasu lokuta mutane kanyi bazata a kan ambaliyar ruwa a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, wanda, idan kuna da sha'awar, to lallai masifa ce mara kyau.
Habitat
Harshen shinge na yau da kullun yana zaune a yawancin wuraren zama, yana guje wa fadada fadada da kuma ci gaba da dazuzzukan daji. Ya fi son gefen, copses, kananan glades, floodplains daga cikin koguna. Wataƙila yana zaune kusa da wani mutum. A cikin Turai, ana iya samun shinge na yau da kullun a cikin gandun daji na bude, filayen ciyawa, a cikin tsintsaye, wuraren yashi har ma a wuraren shakatawa.
Rayuwa
Harshen shinge na yau da kullun dabbobi ne mai aiki da dare. Ba ya son barin gidansa na dogon lokaci. Hedgehogs suna kwana a cikin gida ko wasu mafaka.
An gina ciyayi a cikin bushes, rami, kogon caji, watsi da ɓarnatattun ƙwayoyi ko a cikin bishiyoyi. Yawanci, gida shine 15-20 cm a diamita; ya ƙunshi zuriyar busassun ciyawa ko ganye, gansakuka. Tare da taimakon yatsun tsakiya na dogon zango, shinge kewayen kashin baya. Dabbobin kirji suna lakar harshe. Maza suna yin faɗa da juna, suna k guard are shafukan su. Yankunan irin waɗannan shafuka a cikin maza shine 7-39 ha, kuma a cikin mata - 6-10 ha. Zina a cikin shinge na yau da kullun yana faruwa ne a hankali, yawanci a cikin bazara ko kaka. A matsakaici, allura daya ne daga cikin canje-canje guda uku a shekara. Kowane allura yana girma watanni 12-18. A dabi'a, waɗannan dabbobin suna rayuwa shekaru 3-5, a cikin bauta za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 8-10.
Hedgehogs dabbobi ne masu sauri sosai saboda girman su. Suna iya yin gudu a cikin sauri zuwa 3 m / s, suna da kyau a iyo da tsalle. Lokacin tafiya da gudana, shingewa sun taka zuwa ƙasa tare da ƙafafunsu duka. Kamar dabbobi da yawa na dare, shinge yana da hangen nesa mara kyau, amma suna da kyakkyawar ma'ana da warin ji. A lokacin bazara, raunin zuciya shine takaddama na 180 a cikin minti ɗaya, a cikin rashin himma, mitar yana raguwa zuwa 20-60 bugun minti ɗaya, yayin da shinge ke ɗaukar iska ɗaya a minti ɗaya. Tare da farawa daga sanyi, shinge na Turai yana rufe ƙofar rami kuma ya faɗi cikin rashin himma. Yawancin lokaci wannan ɓarkewar yakan kasance ne daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu. A lokacin rashin himma, zafin jikin heedaho ya sauka zuwa 1.8 ° C. A lokacin bazara, yana buƙatar adana mai mai yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu, saboda idan talakawa shinge na hibernates ba tare da wadataccen mai ba (ƙasa da 500 g), to a lokacin hunturu yana fuskantar barazanar mutuwa. Bayan rashin isasshen gashi, ba ya barin gida har sai iska ta hau zuwa 15 ° C. Matsakaitan shinge yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa, amma zauna kusa da juna.
Godiya ga aikin bincike game da shinge na Turai a New Zealand, ya zama cewa, tunda sun sami kansu cikin sabbin yanayi, shingayen sun “manta” da zama majalisarsu kuma sun fi yarda su kwana a wuraren zama gama gari. Bugu da kari, shinge ba kawai ya hada da 'ya'yan itaciyar tsire-tsire na asalinsu a cikin abincinsu ba, amma wasu lokuta sun fara kusan maye gurbin abincin dabbobi na yau da kullun.
Hedgehogs
Smallan ƙaramin dabbobi masu shayarwa wanda ke da ma'anar tsalle-tsalle ta hannu wata aba ce ta shinge. Ana san nau'ikan nau'ikan bayyanar da ɗabi'unsu. Waɗannan dabbobin sun haɗa da raguna da gimnurs waɗanda ba su da allurai na yau da kullun. Moles da sh shru sune "mafi kusanci" dangi na shinge. Amma baranda, duk da kamannin kariya, allura, basa cikin "dangin" su.
Alamomin gama gari na duk wakilan shinge:
- tsawon jikin - daga 10 zuwa 45 cm,
- nauyi mai nauyi - daga 300 zuwa 1500 grams,
- tsayin wutsiya daga 1 zuwa 21 cm,
- babban weji-dimbin yawa kai
- zygomatic arches ci gaba, yadu saita,
- Tsarin kwanyar na iya zama kunkuntar da tsawo ko gajarta da fadi,
- idanu da auricles da kyau ci gaba,
- yawan kan nonon - daga guda 2 zuwa 5,
- gland gland ba ya nan, akwai ƙananan sebaceous, furogo da takamaiman glandar gland,
- hakora suna da kaifi, karami, farkon abubuwanda suka yi kama da tsummoki, yawanci akwai hakora 16 a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙin, 20 a saman muƙamuƙi, wasu nau'in suna da hakora 44,
- forelegs takaice fiye da hind kafafu,
- daga yatsunsu guda biyar a kan kafafun hular (kawai fararen shinge ne da ke da hudu), na tsakiya sune mafi tsayi, wanda aka daidaita don tsabtace allura,
- gashin kanshi mai saurin yin girma tsakanin allura,
- launin gashi ya bambanta daga yashi fari zuwa launin ruwan kasa-baki dangane da nau'in,
- lokacin da suke cikin haɗari, za su iya hawa cikin ball,
- yawancin suna da ingantattun ƙwaƙwalwar ƙarƙashin ƙasa,
- da kyakkyawan ji da warin kamshi, hangen nesa kadan,
- yawancin halittu na iya iyo,
- koda lokacin gudu daga hatsari, saurin motsi baya wuce kilomita 4 / h,
- matsakaita tsawon rayuwa a cikin daji shine a cikin shekaru 5, kamar yadda dabbar zata iya rayuwa har zuwa 10,
- manyan abokan gaba: karnukan kyarkeci, marassa kyau, dawakai, dawakai, dawakai, dawakai, dodo, dodo, dodo, dodo, dawakai da sauran mafarauta.
Kusan kowane nau'in shinge an rufe shi da allura. Wannan katin kasuwancin su na asali. Abubuwan gyare-gyare suna gyara gashi. Musamman ma sananne shine sake haihuwa akan bangarorin jiki. Sosai maɗaukakken allurai da gashin gashi mai ƙarfi ana iya ganin su a wannan wuri.
Yawan allura a cikin manya na iya zuwa 10,000. Tsawonsu bai wuce cm 3. lesayoyin allurar da kansu suna da haske da kuma mai ɗaure. Sun ƙunshi ƙananan ɗakunan iska da keɓaɓɓe da faranti. Wani bakin ciki mai saurin canzawa ya fito daga fata a fagen kwallon a fata. Sannu a hankali ya faɗaɗa zuwa ga tushen allura da kuma tapers sake zuwa ƙarshen bakinsa. Wannan ƙirar yana ba da tabbacin aminci ga jikin dabba yayin taron faɗuwa daga tsayi ko wani matsi na waje akan allura. Bangaren motsi na bakin ciki yana lanƙwasa, yana kawar da yiwuwar shigar allura cikin jikin. Kayan launinsu yana da kyau sosai: tip da tushe fararen fata ne, tsakiya na baki ne ko launin ruwan kasa.
Kowane allura yana da nasa tsoka, yana iya kawo shi madaidaiciya. A hutawa, tsokoki suna hutawa, kuma murfin allura ya yi laushi kaɗan. Idan akwai haɗari, shinge na farko ya tayar da allura, yana jiran haɗarin ya wuce. A cikin wannan halin, allura suna tsayawa tare da shawarwari masu kaifi a cikin matakai daban-daban, suna ƙirƙirar ƙayayyen makamai na spiky. Idan barazanar ta ƙaruwa, dabbar za ta riƙa zuwa cikin ci gaba da allura ta allura.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Harshen shinge na yau da kullun dabbobi ne mai kowa da kowa. Tushen abincinsa yana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin balagaggu, ƙwaƙƙwarar daji, slugs, wani lokacin earthworms, mice. A cikin al'amuran yanayi, ba a taɓa kaiwa ga saurin ɓoye abubuwa ba, galibi waɗanda ke fama da shinge sun zama dabbobi masu rarrafe da 'yan iska. Daga tsire-tsire na iya ci berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Akasin mashahurin mashahuri, shinge a yawancin lokaci ba sa cin macizai, tunda tushen abincin shinggehogs kwari ne (a cikin shinge da ke zaune a New Zealand, tushen abincin shi ma 'ya'yan itacen tsirrai ne). A shekara ta 1811, P.S. Pallas ya ba da izinin tabbatar da cewa shinge ba tare da lahani ga kansu ba sun ci boilers waɗanda ke da guba mai guba ga sauran dabbobi. Hedgehogs shima yana da kadan tasiri a cikin guba kamar su arsenic, mercuric chloride, opium, har ma da hydrocyanic acid. Tabbas, allurai da yawa na guba suna da illa ga shinge, amma allurai da suke kashe wasu dabbobi, harma da mutane, basa cutar da shinge.
Mice, waɗanda wasu lokuta ba a ambata su sosai zuwa ƙananan bera na ainihi game da voarancin voble voble, da wuya a samo su a cikin yanayi da ƙanana da yawa a cikin yanayi. A cikin kwari da ke shinge, wanda wasu masu cutarwa an lura dasu (alal misali, Mayun Maya Mayan bishiyoyi, dusar ƙanƙara mai gashi, ƙwaƙwalwar macijin biri, silkworms marasa aiki).
Ganyayyaki da kajin kowane ƙaramin tsuntsayen da suke farawa a ƙasa suma suke ci.
Rarrabawa
Dabbobin suna cikin dangin shinge daga umarnin kwari. Akwai nau'ikan shinge da yawa (ana ba da hotuna da kwatancin wasu a cikin labarin da ke ƙasa). Iyalin da kanta sun hada da nau'ikan 24, 10 na halitta da kuma ƙananan ƙananan wurare 2:
1. Harshen shinge na ainihi. Wakilai hudu ne suka wakilta:
1) Nahiyar Afirka sun hada da nau'ikan hudu:
- Algeriya,
- fararen fata
- Somali,
- Afirka ta Kudu
2) steppe ya hada da nau'ikan biyu:
3) Eurasiyya sun hada da nau'ikan guda uku:
- Amur
- Gabashin Turai
- talakawa (Turai),
4) fitattu sun hada da nau'ikan guda shida:
- apodal,
- Indiyawan,
- abin wuya
- duhu allura
- Habasha
- ea.
2. Gymnastics, ko shinggehogs na bera. Waɗannan sun haɗa da rayayyun halittu guda biyar da ƙarin shida sun rigaya sun ragu. Yawancin nau'in shinge na ɗan adam ba za a ƙidaya su ba a nan gaba, yana da wuya a faɗi, amma irin wannan nau'in waƙoƙin tuni an riga an lissafa su a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya. Daga cikin rayayyun halittun bera sune:
- waƙoƙi
- kananan wakoki
- Hainan shinge,
- mai shinge,
- Filipan ƙasar Filipino.
Kiwo
Bayan hibernation hunturu, shingen farawa na farkon ya dace. Tsakanin maza, faɗa yakan faru ne sanadiyyar mace. Maza suna ciji ƙafafun juna, fuska, turawa, amfani da allura cikin yaƙi. Yayin yaƙin, shinge-shingen ya yi ta kumbura da ƙarfi. Bayan yaƙin, mai nasara da'irori na sa'o'i kusa da mace. Yayin saduwar mace, namiji yana bayan mace. Farjin mace yana daga karshe jikin mutum, kuma azzakarin namiji yana tsakiyar mahaifar, saboda wannan, bashi da bukatar cikakken hawa jikin mace. Kafin aure, mace tayi laushi cikin ƙaya ta ƙaya da baya. Bayan mating, shinge ya watse. A matsayin mafaka, shinge ko dai ya tono ramin nasa ko kuma yayi amfani da ƙasan ɓarnar da aka watsar da shi. A cikin rami akwai busasshen ciyawa da ganye.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mace tana kawo brood guda ɗaya kawai a cikin shekara. Cutar ciki tana kwana 49. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi, yawanci 3-8 (mafi sau 4) cubs. Hedgehogs an haife shi tsirara, makafi, tare da launin ruwan hoda mai haske, nauyin jikinsu shine gram 12 kawai. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i bayan haihuwa, shinge na da farin da allurar duhu mai laushi. Cikakken murfin allura an kafa shi ne ta 15 na rayuwa. Lactation yana kimanin wata 1. Bayan ya ƙare, shinge zai fara rayuwa da kansa. Sunyi jima'i da watanni 10-12.
Amfana da cutarwa ga mutane
Harshen shinge na da amfani ga lalata kwari masu cutarwa: daga cikin kwari da suke cin su sune Mayu, ƙwaƙƙwaran maciji da ƙarancin silkworm. A lokaci guda, shinge na lalata kajin da qwai na kananan tsuntsayen da ke farauta a ƙasa. Don haka, a kan Outer Hebrides, an gabatar da shinge ya zama kwari na ainihi wanda ke lalata tarin tsuntsaye kamar gurnani, dunlin, sawu da cinya.
Harshen shinge na iya zama jigilar cututtuka irin su dermatomycosis, zazzabin rawaya, salmonellosis, leptospirosis, rabies. Ticks da fleas ana samun su da yawa a kansu. Misali, nazarin toksodid na tatsuniya (masu ɗaukar encephalitis na kashin kai, tularemia, babesiosis, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta) sun bayyana cewa shinge na ɗaya daga cikin rundunonin da ke ɗauke da itacen girki a dukkan matakai na ci gaba. A cikin gandun daji, shinge shinge suna tattara ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da encephalitis, fiye da sauran dabbobi, tunda farashi mai ƙarfi, kamar goge yake, yake haɗa kwari da jijiyoyin ciyawa daga ciyawa. Daga firam ɗin da ya samu tsakanin allura, shinge bai da ikon kawar da shi.
Hedgehog shine mafi yawan gama gari, wasu lokuta nau'ikan suna da yawa. Yana sauƙin dacewa da rayuwa kusa da mutane kuma ana kiyaye shi sau da yawa kamar dabbobi. An sani cewa Romawa da baya a cikin karni na IV. B e. An yi shinge don nama - an gasa shi tare da allura a cikin yumbu. Har ila yau, anyi amfani da fatalwar launin fata Hedgehog don sanya fata:
Hedgehogs kansu ba su da amfani ga rayuwar ɗan adam, kamar yadda yawancinmu muke tunani, domin idan ba su da allura, fatun dabbobi masu laushi zasu zama marasa amfani ga alsan adam: bayan haka, ana amfani da shinge don miya. Koyaya, a nan ma cancantar sayar da wannan samfurin ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa 'yan kasuwar da suka mallake ta suna amfana da ƙudurin da ba su da yawa, babu wata matsala da ta buƙaci irin wannan karar a cikin Majalisar Dattawa, kuma babu wani sarki guda ɗaya da ba zai yi gunaguni ba karya ne shinge fata (Pliny Dattijon, Tarihin Halittu VIII. 135).
Wasu magunguna na mutane (musamman don aske) sun haɗa da toka, zazzaɓi, ƙwaya, ko jini daga shinge.
Gaskiya
- Lokacin haɗuwa tare da abu mai ƙushin ƙarfi, shinge yana nuna wani bakon hali wanda aka sani da sa maye. Harshen mai shinge zai ba da izinin magana har sai iskar kumfa ta fara fitowa daga fili, sannan ta canza shi zuwa allura.
- Wani lokaci shinge sukan harba sigari ko sigari ko auduga tare da ƙanshin turare akan allura. Har yanzu ba a bayyana aikin wannan ɗabi'ar ba. Mai yiwuwa, wannan hanya ce ta magance cututtukan fata.
- Yammataccen imani cewa shinge shinge abinci akan allura kuskure ne. (Misali, kuskure ne gama gari cewa shinge shinge na iya tufatar da apples ko namomin kaza akan alluransu). Mawallafin wannan kuskuren shine Pliny Dattijo, wanda ya rubuta a Tarihin Halitta:
LVl 133. Suna adana abinci da shinge na hunturu: suna birgima akan lu'ulu'u wanda aka faɗi, shingayen shinge haka suke jingina da bayanansu kuma, riƙe wani apple a bakinsu, canja su zuwa ramin bishiyoyi.
5. Hedgehog kifi
Dabba mafi kyawu kuma itace mafi kyawu a duniya. Akwai kusan nau'ikan shinge 17, amma babu matsala idan akace muna son dukkan nau'ikan halittu
Kifin Hedgehog na iya jefa jikinsu kuma ya zama ƙwallan da ke zagaye. Irin wannan karuwa ya tsoratar da masu yiwuwar farauta. Kifayen daji ma suna da ragi masu kaifi waɗanda ke nuna a waje lokacin da suke huɗuwa.
3. Crown na ƙaya
Akwai nau'ikan kifin kifi guda 1,500 a cikin duniya kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna da tsinkaye. Babban masifin kifin kifin kifi shine mafi tsananin damuwa da duk nau'ikan kifayen, kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan kifin. An ambaci sunan su saboda ƙaya mai guba wanda ke rufe jikinsu kuma yayi kama da kambi na ƙaya. Girman rawanin yaji yana yawanci 25-35 cm.
2. Lila wutsiya - "Armadillo"
Armadillo shine lafiyayyen wutsiyar wutsiya. Yana zaune a jeji na Kudancin Afirka. An san cewa waɗannan ƙararrawa suna da irin wannan ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya karya jijiyoyin kansu sosai! Wani gaskiyar magana mai sanyi: lokacin da yaji barazanar, zai iya sanya wutsiyarsa mai ƙyalli a bakinsa kuma ya sami kariya daga ƙwallan spiky. Wannan hali yayi kama da na gaske!
Rayuwa
Hedgehog - wani nau'in dabba ne da ke rayuwa a duk kasashen Turai, ana kuma samunsu a Afirka, Asiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya da New Zealand. Masana kimiyya sun yi imani da cewa ba da daɗewa ba suka rayu a Arewacin Amurka. Ba a taɓa ganin waɗannan dabbobin a Kudancin Amurka ba, Antarctica, Australia da Madagascar. A cikin ƙasar Rasha, zaku iya samun shinge na talakawa, allura mai duhu, Daurian da e e e e.
A dabi'a, dabbobi sun fi so su zauna a ƙarƙashin tushen, a cikin kabarin dutse, a cikin bushes, burrows da aka watsar da ƙwanƙolin ko kuma a haƙa su da kansu. Tsawon waɗannan ramuka zai iya kaiwa mita ɗaya. Hedgehogs suna jagorancin rayuwar rayuwa ba tare da tazara ba ce. Suna barci da rana, farauta da dare. Da nisa daga gida kar ku tafi.
Duk nau'ikan shinge makiyayi ne. Abincin nasu ya hada da:
- matafila
- irin ƙwaro
- ƙasa beetles
- dunƙun ƙasa
- macizai, gami da masu guba,
- kwaɗi
- mice
- itace inji
- gizo-gizo
- abincin shuka: itacen ɓaure, hatsi, berriesan daji, namomin kaza, gansakuka,
- fara,
- kunama
- slugs
- gwanaye
- qwai tsuntsaye.
Zai yiwu a yaudare ta da ɓarnar da ɓarnar abinci. Tsakanin watan Afrilu da Oktoba, shingen hegram dole ne ya sami isasshen kitsen don tsira daga yanayin rashin nasara cikin nasara.
Balagagge yana faruwa a ƙarshen shekarar farko ta rayuwa (a cikin wasu nau'in, cikin shekaru biyu). Bayan ya farka, sai namiji ya je neman mata. Lokacin damuna yana yiwuwa lokacin da iska ta yi zafi har zuwa + 18 ° C. Yaƙe-yaƙe saboda mace suna da ƙarfi, amma ba su ƙare da raunin da ya faru. Bayan turawa tare da bawo da kwari a kafafu da fuska, raunin da ya fi rauni, yana barin fagen fama. Bayan miji, namiji ya bar “budurwa”.
A cikin yankuna na arewacin kasar, 'ya' yan suna haihuwa sau ɗaya a shekara, yawan kudanci na iya samar da 'ya'ya sau biyu a shekara. Tsawancin lokacin haihuwa shine kwanaki 34-60. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda akwai yara 3 zuwa 8. Weightaukar nauyin haihuwa shine kawai 10-12 grams, suna tsirara, makafi, ruwan hoda mai haske. 6 hours bayan haihuwa suna da farkon allurar taushi. Makonni biyu baya, rufewa "mai raɗaɗi" cikakke ne. Watan farko na shinge suna cin nono ne kawai, kusa da faduwar da zasu fara rayuwa mai 'yanci.
Harshe na yau da kullun
Wannan nau'in yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka zama ruwan dare a duniya. Dabba ita ce mazaunin filaye, wuraren shakatawa da gandun daji. Yana guje wa damp da ciyawa. Sau da yawa ana samunsa kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam, baƙi ne a cikin gidajen rani. Yana ciyar da duk abinda zai samu. Babban ka'idoji don nau'in shinge na talakawa:
- tsawon jikin - 20-30 cm,
- tsawon wutsiya - har zuwa 3 cm,
- nauyi nauyi - har zuwa gram 800,
- launi - daga launin rawaya zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu,,
- tsawon allura - har zuwa 3 cm.
Yankin “na mutum” na maza yana daga kadada 7 zuwa 40, ga mace ya fi madaidaici - tsakanin kadada 10. Farkon sanyi yana sa dabbobi su rufe ƙofar rami a hankali kuma suna hibernate. A wannan lokacin, zazzabi jikin mutum ya ragu zuwa 1.8 ° C. Dabbobi suna barci daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu. A cikin bazara, da zaran zafin jiki na iska ya tashi zuwa +15 ° C, zasu fara fitowa daga mink. Don tsira da hunturu, dabba tana buƙatar tafiya har zuwa gram 500 na mai.
Lokacin balaga yana faruwa yana da shekara ɗaya. Cutar ciki ta kai kwanaki 50, haihuwa ta kano ne daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. Za a iya samun shingen shinge 10 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Kusa da mahaifiyarsu sun kai wata daya da rabi. Tsawon rayuwa ya kai shekaru 5.
Dan Afirka
Daga dukkan nau'in shinge (hotunan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna cikin rubutun) na asalin Afirka, shinge na shingghog yana da sha'awa. Ana samunsa a cikin Mauritania, Nigeria, Sudan, Habasha Senegal. Bayanin:
- tsawon jikin - har zuwa 22 cm,
- tsawon wutsiya - har zuwa 2.5 cm,
- nauyi mai nauyi - 350-700 grams,
- launi - launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka,
- kada ku yi hibernate.
Idanun ba su da girma, kunnuwa suna zagaye, mata sunfi girma fiye da maza. Yana yin sauti, sautsi ko ƙwanƙwasa sauti, amma idan akwai haɗari to zai iya yin ihu da babbar murya. An adana dabbobi na wannan nau'in a matsayin dabbobi.
Fada
Daga cikin nau'ikan halittar gargaji shida da ke shinge (hoto a ƙasa) a Rasha, ɗayan guda ne mai duhu-allura. Dabbobi suna bambanta ta hanyar dogon kunne waɗanda ke girma zuwa 5 cm. Bayanin:
- tsawon jikin - 12-27 cm,
- nauyi nauyi - har zuwa 500 grams,
- tsayin allura tsakanin 2 cm.
Yawancin lokaci, “kunnuwa masu ji” suka zabi jirgin sama a matsayin kariya, maimakon jujjuyawa. Wannan nau'in yana ƙaunar hamada, hamada, jeji, bushe. Ya zaɓi ya zaunar da shi kusa da tarin ɓarnar ko damp Yana ciyarwa a kan kwari, ƙananan shinge, berries, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, tsirrai.
Gimnura
Antayan waka na yau da kullun yana wakiltar ƙananan ƙwayoyin halittar bera. Bayanin:
- tsayin mutum - 26-45 cm,
- nauyi mai nauyi - 500-2000 grams,
- tsawon wutsiya - 15-30 cm.
Gashi da kuma baya baki ne, wuya, kai da baya wutsiya fari. An rufe wutsiya da sikeli da gashi mai ƙoshin gaske. Babu allura a cikin waƙar. Yana zaune cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Yana ciyar da kan ƙananan dabbobi, kifi, frogs, 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Bayanan Gaske
Akwai wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da shinge:
- yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum shine 34 ° C, kuma yayin hurawa, yakan sauka zuwa 2 ° C,
- jikin dabba yana da tsayayya da guba iri-iri, don haka shinge zai iya saurin shawo kan macizai masu dafi,
- Romawa sun tashe shinge don nama, an yi amfani da insides da jini a matsayin magani, farar fata da aka yi amfani da ita don magance gashin tumaki,
- shinge ba su ɗaukar apples ko namomin kaza a kan abincin su, wannan tatsuniya ce,
- dabbobi marasa yawa marasa iyaka sun zauna a kan dabbobi, masana kimiyya harma sun yi amfani da shingen bogi don yin lissafin yawan adadi a bangarorin yanayi daban-daban,
- Sabis suna amfani da fitsari na shinge a matsayin magani ga barasa,
- Na uku yana ɗaukar kayan haɓaka "kayan yaƙi" a kowace shekara.
Hedgehog: bayanin, tsari, halaye. Menene shingehog yayi kama?
Dangane da tsarin halittar dabbobi, shinge daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsari na shinge, da dangin shinge.
Tsawon shinge, bisa ga nau'inta, ya kasance daga 10 zuwa 44 cm. Hakanan, nauyin shingehog na iya zama daga kilogram 300 zuwa kilo 1.5. Wannan dabba tana da wutsiya, kuma wutsiyar shinge tana girma daga 1 zuwa 21 cm tsayi.
Shugaban shinge yana da girma sosai, mai kamanni, kuma muck yana da elongated, an yi masa ado da wayar hannu kuma kullun rigar shinge.
Hakora na shinge, kodayake karami ne, mai kaifi ne. Yawancin lokaci akwai hakora 20 a saman muƙamai da 16 a ƙasan 1. teethan hakoran na sama biyu na farko suna da girma kuma suna kama da siket. Kodayake wasu nau'in shinge suna da hakora 44. Yanzu kun san amsar tambayar, hakora nawa ne na shinge.
Kafafun hular shinge sun fi gaban gaba, kowane ɗayan kafafun yana da yatsu biyar. Iyakar abin da ya rage ita ce farin da ke daurewar kai, wanda yatsun yatsu hudu kacal a kan kafafun sa. Hedgehogs dabbobi ne masu tsabta kuma lokaci-lokaci suna tsabtace allurai tare da taimakon yatsunsu na tsakiya.
Thoyallen ƙaya ko allura mai shinge shine alamar kasuwancinsa, nau'in katin kiran wannan dabbar. Suna bautar da su duka biyu don kariya daga masu farautar - a lokacin haɗari, shinge shinge ya shiga cikin ball, a waje wanda akwai ci gaba da ƙaya, kuma don jigilar kayan abinci daban-daban - shinge sau da yawa kan sanya apples ko namomin kaza a kan allura don canja shi zuwa mink.
A matsakaici, kowane shinge yana da allurai dubu 10. Launi na allura da yawancin nau'ikan shinge na duhu duhu ne kuma raunin haske ne mara wuya. Launin launi na furge na shinge, dangane da nau'inta, na iya zama ruwan kasa, yashi, baƙar fata-fari ko fari.
Kasancewa dabba maras motsi, shinge yana da rashin gani sosai, amma ingantacciyar ma'anar ƙanshi da ji.
Kuma ko da yake shinge dabbobi ne na ƙasa, suna iya iyo sosai kuma suna hawa bishiyoyi.
A ina ake shinge?
Hedgehogs suna zaune kusan daukacin duniya, ana iya samansu a ko'ina cikin Turai, daga Scandinavia zuwa Rum, a cikin Afirka mai zafi, Asiya har ma da New Zealand da Ostiraliya.
A matsayin mazauna gida, shinge zai iya rayuwa duka cikin gandun daji da hamada. Ba sa jin tsoron unguwa tare da mutane, kuma wani lokacin ana iya ganin su a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni, murabba'ai.
Menene shingehogs suke ci a yanayi?
Hedgehogs dabbobi ne masu iri iri waɗanda suke cin abinci kamar 'ya'yan itace daban-daban (apples, pears, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries), namomin kaza, gansakuka, itacen ɓaure, da sauran dabbobi: manyan kwari (gwoza, gizo-gizo, ƙanƙara, masassara, ciyawar ƙasa), qwai tsuntsaye. Manyan nau'in shinge na iya farautar manyan beraye, kwaro, bera. Da yake tsayayya da mai guba, shinge kuma yakan kai hari ga macizai masu dafi da kunama.
Hedgehogs yana da matukar muhimmanci a mai da kitse sosai a lokacin bazara da kaka, don samun asarar mai, in ba haka ba zasu iya mutuwa yayin sanyin hunturursu, wanda zasu fada kamar bears tare da farkon lokacin sanyi. Kyakkyawan wadataccen mai ne wanda ya ba da izinin shinge su kasance cikin yanayi na dakatar da raye-raye (sunan kimiyya don saka hijabi a cikin dabbobi) har zuwa lokacin bazara.
Harshen Turai
Shi dan iska ne na yau da kullun, wanda ya fi kowa zama dangi na shinge. Tsawon jikin shinge na yau da kullun shine 20-30 cm, kuma yana nauyin gram 800. Yana zaune a ko'ina cikin Turai, amma, ana iya samun sa a wasu ƙasashen Asiya.
Harshen Turai na gabashin Turai
A cikin bayyanar, yana da kama da kama da shinge na Turai, amma yana da launi daban-daban, watau, gaban wuya da ciki shine haske. Ya girma zuwa 35 cm a tsawon tare da nauyin 1.2 kilogiram. Yana zaune ba kawai a Gabashin Turai kanta ba, har ma a cikin Urals, da kuma a wasu ƙasashe na Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Dogon shinge mai tsawo
Wannan shinge ya samu sunan shi godiya har zuwa ga ka'idodin shinge, da tsawo da kauri lokacin da ake bukata. Tsawon allurarsa ya kai 4-4.2 cm .. Abubuwan da suke a jikinsu suna da launi daban, yana iya zama haske ko baƙi. Tsawon jikin wannan shinge shine 22-27 cm, wanda yayi nauyi daga 500 zuwa 900 g. Yana zaune a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Larabawa. An jera shi cikin Red Book of Uzbekistan.
Daurian hedgehog
Wannan wani shinge ne mai shinge wanda ke zaune daga tsaunin Transbaikalia zuwa Mongolia da arewacin China. Ba kamar sauran shinge-shinge ba, spines na wannan nau'in sun fi guntu, yashi ko launin ruwan kasa. Mayafin wannan shinge na launin toka ne ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu a launi.
Yadda za a ciyar da shinge a gida?
A matsayin abinci don shinge, dunƙu, nama mai laushi, ƙwayar hanta, da kifin sabo cikakke ne. A matsayin kayan abinci masu kyau, zaku iya ba shi rayayye baranda, tsutsotsi na gari ko na crickets. Hakanan, shinge-shingen za su yi farin cikin cin apples da karas.
Mutane sau da yawa suna tunanin shin shingehogs na iya samun madara. Muna ba da amsa: a'a, ba shi yiwuwa, shinge yana da rashin haɓakar lactose, wanda ke cikin madara, saboda haka madara na iya haifar da rashin ciki kawai a cikin shinge, amma har ma yana kai ga mutuwarsa.
Hedgehog
Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare gama duniya. Wannan mazaunin filayen, ana iya samun dabbar sau da yawa a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni, gandun daji. Dabbar tana ƙoƙarin guje wa ciyayi.
Tunani. Wadannan dabbobin suna yawan zuwa wuraren dabbobin gida don neman abinci. Idan ana so, zaku iya haɗa shinge ta hanyar samar masa gida da barin wasu kyawawan abubuwa.
Kusan komai zai iya samu a abincin wannan dabbar. Yankin kowane ɗan maza ya mallaki kadada 7 zuwa 40, mace tana da madaidaiciya a wannan batun, suna da isasshen yanki har zuwa kadada 10.
Da farkon yanayin sanyi, waɗannan yaran masu tsananin ƙarfi suna rufe ƙofar gidansu kuma su faɗi cikin rashin himma. Wannan tsari yana da ban sha'awa. Misali, yanayin jikin dabbar ya sauka zuwa digiri 1.8. Hibernation yana ɗaukar kusan Oktoba zuwa Afrilu. Sun fara barin gidajensu lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya tashi zuwa kusan digiri 15. Don tsira da hunturu, jaririn yana buƙatar samun kimanin kilo na mai.
- Shirye-shiryen haifuwa na faruwa lokacin da aka kai shekarar farko ta rayuwa.
- Matar tana da juna biyu na kwanaki 50, kuma yawan haihuwa yawanci a watan Mayu - Oktoba.
- A cikin zuriyar dabbobi yawanci ba su wuce yara goma.
- A kusa da mahaifiyar, shinge sun kasance har sai sun kai wata daya da rabi, sannan kuma ku ci gaba da rayuwa mai zaman kanta.
Suna zaune kimanin shekaru 5.
Yara Marayu
Wannan wakilin jinsin yana da matukar saurin ganewa, ana iya ganin hotonsa a ƙasa. Harshen pygmy na shinge ba ya hibernate, ba kamar wasu danginsa ba.
Maƙiyi sukan yi sautin kamar ba su ji ba ko lalacewa, amma suna jin haɗari, suna iya yin ihu da ƙarfi. Wakilan wannan nau'in galibi ana kawo su azaman dabbobi.
Dogon allura
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, wadannan wakilan nau'ikan suna da dogayen allura, koda da ka'idojin wutar jahannama. Abubuwan allura ba tsawo ba ne, har ma lokacin farin ciki. Tsawon allura na iya kaiwa 4-4.2 cm.
Mahimmanci. An jera wannan nau'in a cikin Littafin Red of Uzbekistan.
Harshen Algeria
Hakanan ana kiran shingen shinge daga Algeria da shingen shinge da kuma shingen shinge na Arewacin Afirka. Suna zaune a Arewacin Afirka daga Sahara zuwa Libya da Maroko. Su ma suna zaune a yankuna na kudancin Faransa da Spain. Bugu da kari, an shigo da wadannan shinge zuwa Malta da tsibirin Canary.
A tsayin daka, sun kai santimita 20-35, kuma suna yin nauyi kimanin gram 200-600. Abubuwan da aka buƙata suna rufe tarnaƙi, ƙusa da baya. Akwai wani abin rufe fuska a fuska. Wutsiya takaice. Kunnuwa suna da girma. Allumai suna da tsawo. Yatsuna 5 a kowane paw. Masar da abin rufe fuska suna launin ruwan kasa kuma ciki ya yi fari. Jawo yana da taushi, fari, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko baƙi. Launin abubuwan da allura ke yayyafa mai launin ruwan hoda.
Matsakaicin dabi'a na yaudarar shinge shine savannah na wurare masu zafi, hamada da filaye.
Suna aiki da dare. Waɗannan dabbobi guda ne. Basu fada cikin rashin walwala ba. Hanyoyin shinge na arewacin Afirka suna ciyar da kwari, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, kwari, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Abokan gaban shinge na Algerian sune karnukan daji, tsuntsayen ganima da mutane. Tsawon rayuwarsu a cikin yanayi shine shekaru 4-6, kuma a cikin bauta suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10.
Cuta a cikin shinge na Algerian na tsawon kwanaki 35. Za a iya samun daga 1 zuwa 9 makafin jarirai a cikin zuriyar dabbobi.
Sabuwar shinge a tsawon ya kai santimita 2.5-3. Suna girma cikin sauri, a cikin makonni 3-4 suka fara barin gida. A makonni 4-5 na haihuwa, suna cinye abinci mai ƙarfi. Matar tana ciyar da jarirai kwanaki 30-34. A kwanaki 40-43 suka fara rayuwa da kansu. Balaga a cikin shinge na Algerian na faruwa ne a watanni 10-12.
An jera sunayen shinge na Algeria a cikin Taron Berne. Masana kimiyya sun fitar da nau'ikan launuka masu yawa na yawo shinge: fari, cakulan, smoky, kofi, albino da sauransu.
Algerian hedgehog (Alteleeriya na almara).
Amur ko shinge na kasar Sin
Amur shinggehogs suna zaune ne a China, Korea, Manchuria da Primorye. A waje, shinge Amur suna kama da shinge na yau da kullun, amma launinsu yana da sauƙi. Tsayin jikin mutum ya kai daga 18 zuwa 26 santimita, kuma nauyin jikin ya bambanta daga gram 600 zuwa 1092. Abubuwan allura suna da tsawo, sun kai milimita 24. Launin yawancin allura shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Jawo yana mai kuzari mai kauri, a ciki yana launin ruwan kasa.
Sashin shinge na kasar Sin suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, kwarin koguna, filayen kan gangara mai cike da tsaunukan da ba a yanke hukunci ba. Wadannan shinge suna guje wa cizo, tuddai da tuddai. Amur shinggehogs suna ciyar da ciyawa, kwari da, a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, 'ya'yan itaciyar tsire-tsire.
Sashin shinge na kasar Sin suna aiki da maraice da daddare, kuma a lokacin da rana suke hutawa a dakuna. A cikin ruwa sama sosai, suna iya farauta ko'ina cikin rana.
Amur shinggehogs dabbobi ne kaɗai.
Lokacin kiwo na shingen gargajiyar kasar Sin ya fadi a watan Maris-Afrilu. A cikin shekara guda, shinge na haihuwa sau ɗaya ne. A cikin zuriyar shingen shinge na kasar Sin, ana iya samun jarirai daga 3 zuwa 8. Balaga a cikin garin Amur urchins yana faruwa ne a cikin shekaru 2.
Farin-bellied shinge
Har ila yau ana kiran shinge fararen fata da fari ko kuma shingen shingen gabashin Turai. A cikin Rasha, ana samun su a Kudancin Urals, kuma suna zaune a Isthmus na Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Turkiyya, Girka, Isra'ila, Iran, Turai, Balkans da tsibirin Crete.
Tsawon jiki ya kai santimita 35. Weight, ya danganta da lokacin shekara, ya ɗauka daga gram 600 zuwa 1230. Kunnensu suna zagaye, gajere, kusan ba a ganinsu saboda Jawo. Akwai yatsu 5 akan paws. Dogon baya da bangarorin ana kiyaye shi ta allurai 2.5-3.5 santimita tsawo. Jawo yana mai tsananin kuzari da taurin kai. Akwai tabo mara nauyi a kirji.
Fuskokin shinge-fararen fata suna kama da na shinge na yau da kullun.
Shugaban da bangarorin sun yi launin duhu, kuma makogwaro da ciki sun fi haske. Abubuwan da aka buƙata a gindi da tukwici suna da fari, kuma a tsakiyar akwai launin rawaya da baƙi. A cikin ciki, fur ɗin ya yi launin ruwan kasa.
Fuskokin shinge masu launin fari suna zaune a cikin hamada, makiyaya masu tsayi, dazuzzuka masu kwari, kwari masu kwari da kuma hanyoyin ruwa. Hakanan ana samun su a wuraren shakatawa, murabba'ai da lambuna.
Fuskokin shinge-fararen fata suna aiki da dare. Maza suna hutawa a mafaka ta halitta, kuma suna yin sheƙai don hunturu. Abun hijabin nasu yana zuwa daga Satumba zuwa Maris. Farin-shingen fararen fata suna kula da sanyi. A lokacin hutu, sun rasa kusan 35% na nauyinsu, saboda haka ya kamata su bar tare da nauyin akalla 600 grams don hunturu. Sau da yawa suna zaune shekaru da yawa a cikin ɗayan biyun. Abokan gaba dayan shingayen farare sune badgers, owls, ferrets and other Martens.
Lokacin kiwo ya faɗi akan duk lokacin dumi. Wani shinge na da 'ya'ya guda a kowace shekara. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda za'a iya samun jarirai 3-8.
Hannun halittar wannan nau'in shinge na iya samun launi dabam, amma tip da tushe koyaushe fararen fata ne
Harshen Indiya
Sashin shinge na Indiya suna zaune a Pakistan, Arewa maso Yamma. Jikin wannan shinge yana da ƙarfi, zagaye.
Tsawon jiki ya bambanta daga 14 zuwa 23 santimita. Weight shine 300-400 grams. Alkuhu da wutsiya gajeru. Muzzle elongated tare da duhu mask. Goshi, ciki da kunci zuwa duhu mai duhu. Abubuwan allura sune baki da fari.
Harshen shinge na Indiya suna aiki da dare. Wadannan shinge, gidajen gida, kusan basu barin rukuninsu. Da rana suna ɓoye a cikin mafaka na halitta. Harshen shinge na Indiya ba su fada cikin ɓoye ba, amma idan babu isasshen abinci, to, za su iya yin bacci na ɗan lokaci. Lokacin kiwo shine a watan Yuli-Satumba. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda 1 akwai shinge 1 zuwa 5.
Harshen Indiya wani nau'in yara ne da ba kasafai ake karatu ba, yafi son zama kusa da tsirrai da tsirrai.
Harshen Habasha
Harshen Habasha ko shinge na dogon zango yana zaune ne a Arewacin Afirka, a hamadar Sahara, Siriya, Egypt, Iraq, Tunisiya, Habasha, Larabawa da kuma Tekun Farisa.
Tsawon jikin shingen Habasha shine 15-25 santimita. Yawan nauyin jiki daga 400 zuwa 700 grams. Launin launi na allura shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske. A cheeks, goshi, wuya da ciki fari. Akwai masaki mai duhu a goshi.
Dogayen shinge na dogon zango suna zaune a cikin hamada da busassun kwari, wanda aka samo a bakin tekun da kuma kusa da wuraren oases.
Harshen Habasha zai iya matsanancin yunwa har tsawon kwanaki 10. Suna nuna aiki da dare, kuma a lokacin da rana sukan ɓoye cikin duwatsu. Ana yin firam a cikin ramuka fos da aka watsar. A cikin sanyin sanyi suna yin shuru, amma lokaci-lokaci suna tashi su tafi farauta. Abokan gaba dayan shinge-shinge tsuntsaye iri-iri ne. Tsawon rayuwar su kusan shekaru 10 ne.
A lokacin kiwo, shingen Habasha suna fitar da ƙanshin ƙamshi, wanda a cikin wanne akasin haka ke neman abokan tarayya. Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 30-40. Hedgehogs an haife shi tsirara, kurame da makafi, nauyinsu shine nauyin 8-9.
A lokacin kiwo, shingen Habasha yana fitar da ƙanshin ƙanshin.
Harshen shinge na Habasha suna da tsayayya ga lalatattun kwari da macizai. Su rigakafi ne 30-40 sau suka fi karfi idan aka kwatanta da rodents of the size.
Harshen Afirka ta Kudu
Shinge na Afirka ta Kudu suna zaune ne a Botswana, Zimbabwe, Afirka ta kudu, Namibia, Malawi da Zambia. Tsawon jikin shinge na Afirka ta Kudu shine 18-20 santimita. Yawan nauyin maza ya kai daga 280 zuwa 350 grams, mace zata iya yin awo daga gram 300 zuwa 650. Wani farin fararen fili a bayyane yake a goshi. Yaro yana da kusan allura dubu 5. Kunnuwa sun yi ƙarami. Canza launi ana canzawa, ana kuma samun zabiya. Cutar ciki tana da launin toka, wutsiya da kafafu baƙaƙen fata, da mucks mai launin toka-mai haske. A bayan jikin akwai farar fata allurai fari. Kalmomin allura fari ne, a tsakiyar su baki ne, kuma a gindi farin da kirim.
Abubuwan allura na shinge na Afirka ta Kudu suna canza launin launin ruwan kasa-brown da ratsin baƙar fata.
Shinge na Afirka ta Kudu suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, filaye, lambuna. Suna guje wa wurare masu laima da hamada. A cikin dare, mai shinge zai iya cin abinci mai nauyin har zuwa 1/3 na nauyin sa. Suna nuna aiki da dare, kuma yayin rana kawai a cikin ruwan sama. Lokacin da hasken rana ya zama ƙasa da sa'o'i 11, Harshen Afirka ta Kudu na hibernate.
Lokacin kiwo na shinge na Afirka ta Kudu yana faruwa ne a watan Oktoba-Afrilu. Mace suna haihuwar jarirai a cikin ƙurajen ɓarke na sarƙaƙƙun ƙwayoyi ko kuma gwanayen ƙwayoyi, tare da ruwansu da ramin da ganye. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi akwai yara 2 zuwa 9, masu nauyin gram 8. Harshen shinge na yau da kullum yana ƙara gram 2 cikin nauyi.
Wani zaren fararen fari da ke bayyane a bayyane a goshin wani shinge na Afirka ta Kudu.
Matar tana ciyar da jarirai madara sau uku a rana. Da rana, shinge na yin barci a rami daban. A makonni 4-6 na rayuwa, girma ya fara farauta tare da mahaifiyarsa. Bayan haka sun fara rayuwa da kansu. Yawan jama'ar karkara suna cin naman wadannan shingayen abincinsu. Tsawon shekarun shinge na Afirka ta Kudu shine shekaru 8-10.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti wani rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Yaushe shinge zai shiga rudani?
Kamar yadda muka yi rubutu a sama, shinge cikin faduwar iska. Kodayake shinge shinge da ke rayuwa a cikin bauta ba da alama sun buƙace ta ba, amma ba za ku iya yaudarar dabbobin dabba ba, hanyoyin isar da saƙo na dabi'a ne, don haka ya kamata ku kasance a shirye cewa dabbar dabbar dabbar ku ma za ta shiga hibernation yayin hunturu, wataƙila ba haka ba ne kamar shinge wanda ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta.
Don samun nasarar tsira daga ɓarkewa, shinge na bukatar a ciyar dashi musamman a lokacin faɗuwar rana don tara wadataccen kitsen da ya cancanta. A watan Nuwamba, za ku lura da yadda shinge ya zama iska mai ban tsoro, kuma kamar dai a cikin tsoro, a zahiri wannan shine farkon farawar farashi. Tunda a yanayin hunturu na yanayin gidansu, shinge na gida shima yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da na halitta. Don yin wannan, ware wuri mai ɓoye wani wuri a cikin loggia ko ɗalibi mai mahimmanci, yana da mahimmanci cewa zazzabi a can bai wuce digiri 5 ba. Kuma ƙirƙirar semblance na gida, sa ciyawa, busassun ganye, sawdust, bera, sannan kuma shingen barcin.
Idan kuna da shinge na dwarf na Afirka, to bai kamata ku damu da matsalar rashin hijabi ba, tunda wannan nau'in shinge ba ya fada cikin yanayin hunturu, saboda karancin lokacin hunturu a mazauninsa.