Caroline squirrel | |||||||||||
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Tsarin kimiyya | |||||||||||
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Sunan kimiyya na duniya | |||||||||||
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, 1788 Caroline (launin toka) furotin (lat. Sciurus carolinensis) dabbobi ne masu shayarwa daga dabbobin murabba'i. Launin launin baƙar fata ne ko launin toka, samfuran baƙi musamman sun zama ruwan dare a cikin birane a gabashin Kanada, tunda wannan launi yana ƙara rayuwar jinsi a cikin birane. YaɗaCarolina squirrel suna zaune a gabashin Arewacin Amurka, yamma da Kogin Mississippi zuwa kan iyakokin arewacin Kanada, amma kwanan nan jinsunan sun fara shiga cikin Scotland, Ireland, Ingila da Italiya, suna tserewa murabba'in talakawa daga can. Abinda ke faruwa shine saboda gaskiyar cewa furotin na toka mai ɗaukar toshiya ne, sannan kuma yana da ɗan haƙuri game da kwayar cutar paraospa, ƙwayar da ke kashe sunadarai na yau da kullun. Bugu da kari, sikari mai launin toka a lokacin hunturu sun fi samun hannun jari, kuma suna amfani da hannun jarin talakawa (Turai). Caroline kurege ya fi son gandun daji na balagagge tare da yankin aƙalla kadada 40, amma kuma yana iya tsayawa a wuraren da itacen oak da walnuts suke girma, fruitsa fruitsan itaciya waɗanda mahimmancin abinci ne na hunturu na waɗannan dabbobin. KiwoLokacin kiwo yana cikin Disamba - Fabrairu, a cikin yankuna na arewacin - kadan daga baya - a watan Mayu - Yuni. Brood na biyu yana tsakiyar bazara. Gudun tsere yana ɗaukar kwanaki biyar: duk wannan lokacin namiji yana bin mace, yana ƙaura daga ƙwanƙwasa zuwa nesa zuwa 500. Bayan kwana biyar, mace tana shirye don ɗaukar ciki, kamar yadda bayyananniyar fitsarin ruwan hoda na huda ciki, wannan yanayin ya wuce 8 hours. Mating atingan ƙasa da 30 seconds. Bayan dabbar ta hanyar mace-mace, wata mace ta samar da wani nau'in filatin gelatin na farji, wanda ke hana sake saduwa. Cutar ciki tana kwana 44. M damuwaIUCN 3.1 M damuwa: 42462 |
Yawancin mata suna shiga haihuwa lokacin da suke shekaru 1.25, amma suna da ikon haihuwa yayin shekaru 5.5. Matan sun kawo zuriya biyu a shekara, tsawon shekara 8. Maza sun zama masu yin jima'i da shekaru 11 da haihuwa. Idan kuma suka kasance tare tare da wani majibinci babba, to yarinta tana jinkirta har zuwa shekaru biyu. Jikin maza yawanci suna yin gram 1, amma a lokacin aikin su nauyi yana karuwa zuwa 6-7 g, hakan yana faruwa sau biyu a shekara.
Siffofin rayuwa
Haifaffiyar jarirai an haife su tsirara, ban da faɗakarwa, nauyin haihuwarsu ya kai 13-18 g. Uwa tana ciyar da su makonni 7 - 10. A cikin mako na bakwai bayan haihuwa, molting yakan faru, kuma matasa kujeru sun sami canza launi na manya. A cikin watanni 9, suna da nauyin dabba na girma. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi na sa 2-4an 2-4, wataƙila har zuwa 8.
A cikin shekarun haɓaka wannan nau'in ko cikin shekara mai durƙushewa, waɗannan sunadarai sun taru a cikin babban "garken" kuma suna ƙaura don bincika wuraren da suka dace, suna shawo kan nisa mai nisa da shingen ruwa.
An yi rikodin rikodin rayuwa tsakanin nau'ikan furotin musamman ga jinsunan launin toka - mutum ɗaya da aka kama a fursuna ya rayu har zuwa shekara 23 da watanni 6.
Habitat da mazauninsu
Matsakaicin mazaunin launin toka sashi shine yawancin gabashin Amurka, sashi a Kanada da Mexico.
Kwanan nan, sun fara zama a Burtaniya, Scotland, Italiya da Ireland. Wannan nau'in squirrel iri-iri, kamar sauran jama'a, ya fi son zama a cikin gandun daji mai ɗumbin yawa da kuma gandunan oak-coniferous mai haske.
Da yawa suna ɗauke da su azaman dabba mai daraja. Babban kayan abinci na kuzari shine kwayoyi. Amma suna ciyar da su ba kawai a kansu ba, wannan nau'in nau'i ne mai omnivorous kuma ya ci berries, buds, ganye, tsaba, haushi itace, namomin kaza da kwari. Don dacewa da abinci mai sanyi na hunturu, suma suna buƙatar itacen oak na itacen oak.
Bayyanar
Wannan dabbar tana da kadan, wannan nau'in ya fi girma fiye da na talakawa mai launin ja. Tsawon tsayin jikin Caroline launin toka ya kai daga santimita 3.5 zuwa 5.25. Squirrel yana da wutsiya mai faɗi da ke da santimita 1.5-2.5. Girman kunnuwa shine 25-33 mm, ƙafafun baya sune 54-76.
Yawan launi da aka saba da gashin Jawo shine squirrel - launin toka mai duhu, a wasu wuraren akwai alamun shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa. A cikin lokacin sanyi, launin yana canzawa kuma ya sami farin zina, wanda ke aiki azaman abin rufe fuska, saboda yana haɗuwa da dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin lokacin sanyi, sutturar launin toka ta yamma ta zama mai haske da tsayi fiye da lokacin bazara. Girman gawa shine giram 400-600.
Kiwo
Lokacin kiwo shine hunturu, kuma a cikin arewacin mazaunin ɗan lokaci kaɗan, a ƙarshen bazara - farkon lokacin bazara. Brood na biyu yana faruwa ne a cikin watan Yuli.
Yayin tafiyar kwana biyar, namiji yakan bugawa mace ta, yana tafiya nesa da wata meto na 500 daga ramin. Squirrel na launin toka yana ba 'ya'ya sau 2 a shekara har zuwa shekaru 8. Cikar cikirta na kusan wata daya da rabi. Brood galibi yana kunshe da cuba 2-4an 2-4.
Matasan Amurka masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi ana haife su tsirara kuma suna nauyin 12-18. Suna ciyar da madara nono na tsawon makonni 7 - 10, bayan wannan suna motsawa. Lokacin da ya kai watanni 3, tuni jarirai masu zaman kansu sun bar gida. Lokacin da suke kasa da shekara daya, sun riga sun auna nauyi kamar manya. Balaga na jima'i na mace yana faruwa ne a watanni 5 da rabi, maza - a shekaru 2.
Abokan gaba
Inaan kular Carolina ta Amurka mai launin toka yana da abokan gaba, a cikinsu: gaggafa masu zinare, coyotes, buzzards masu launin ja. Wannan nau'in kuma bazai sami damar yin abokai tare da kuliyoyi ba, saboda haka, zaɓi shi azaman aboki mai kafaɗun kafa huɗu, kar a gwada samun cat. Squirrels kuma suna tsoron tsoffin dawakai na Kudancin Amurka, kuliyoyi, ulu, marten da ako. Galibi mutuwa tana faruwa ne saboda rashin lafiya da karo da motoci.
Tsawon rayuwa
Yankin launin toka na yamma yana rayuwa daga shekaru 2 zuwa 23.6. Irin wannan babban bambanci ya bayyana saboda gaskiyar cewa wasu daga cikinsu dole ne su sami abincin kansu, ɓuya daga mafarautan kuma neman mafaka.
A daidai wannan lokacin, akwai squirrels na gida suna zaune a cikin keji. An ciyar da su, an shayar dasu kuma an yi musu allurar rigakafi. A gida, matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwar launin toka yakai shekaru 15. A cikin duniyar daji, maza suna rayuwa shekaru 2-3, kuma mace shekaru 4-6. Yawan mace-macen ya kai kashi 75% a shekara.
Bayanan Gaske
- Squungiyar Carolina ta tsira daga ƙoƙarin hallaka da yawa na doka - an harbe su, guba kuma an kama su. Dabba kyakkyawa tana cutar da bishiyoyi. Suna cin karensu, sakamakon abin da itacen oak da kurangar ke daina girma su mutu.
- Squirrels masu launin toka suna ɓoyewa suna binne ragowar abinci a cikin ƙasa, suna shuka tsire-tsire kusan da kansa.
- Suna bin sanannun hanyoyin kuma ba sa canza rassan da suke motsawa.
- Dabbobin gida masu ƙaunar gida suna son yin wasa, suna cizon yatsun maigidansu. Suna son yin tono a sharan kuma basa barin baƙi zuwa ƙasarsu.
Protin: bayanin, tsari, halaye. Menene squirrel yayi kama?
Bayyanan squirrel wataƙila ya saba da kowa - tsohuwar jiki, dogayen kunne guda, wutsiya mai faɗi. Kunnuwa na furotin suna haɓaka, wasu lokuta tare da tassels a ƙarshen. Hannun squirrel suna da ƙarfi, tare da kaifi a ƙarshen, saboda wannan tsarin paws duk squirrels hawa dutse.
Kayan squirrel yana da tsawo sosai, yana yin kamar 2/3 na jimlar wannan sandar, kuma yanayi ya ba squirrel irin wannan babban wutsiya ba wai don kyawun ta ba, tana kuma da aiki mai mahimmanci kuma mai amfani - yana bawa squirrel matsayin wani "rudder" lokacin tashi daga wata itaciya akan bishiya. Kuma yayin bacci, squirrels suna rufe jikinsu da wutsiyarsu kamar bargo.
Girman furotin ya dogara da nau'in, a matsakaita, furotin shine 20-31 cm tsayi, kodayake akwai manyan sunadarai masu girma da ke da santimita 50 a ciki, haka kuma kananan sunadarai wadanda tsawon tsayin jikin su 5 cm ne kawai .. Irin wannan misali mafi ƙarancin linzamin kwamfuta.
Mayafin squirrel sun bambanta a lokutan hunturu da bazara, saboda dalilin wannan dabbar da tayi tsalle sau biyu a shekara. A cikin hunturu, gashin squirrel yana da laushi da laima, kuma a lokacin rani, akasin haka, gajarta ce kuma tana da ƙarfi. Koren hunturu na squirrel yawanci duhu ne, ja, launin toka, tare da farin ciki; a lokacin rani, squirrel yakan zama ja.
Hakanan, kujerun da ke yawo a bangarorin suna da membrane na musamman waɗanda ke ba su damar shirya yayin jirgin.
Yaya yawancin sunadarai suke rayuwa a cikin yanayi da kuma a gida?
Matsakaicin rayuwar furotin shine shekaru 12. Amma kawai ga irin wannan girmamawa (ta ƙa'idodin squirrels, ba shakka) shekaru, waɗannan rodents suna rayuwa ne kawai a gida, a cikin bauta. Dabbobi masu rai da ke zaune a cikin daji ba su da galibi su rayu har zuwa shekaru 4. Ba wai kawai saboda suna da maƙiyan halitta da yawa ba, amma sau da yawa shingayen daji na mutuwa saboda yunwar, sanyi da cuta.
A ina squirrels suke zaune?
Dabbobi suna zaune kusan ko'ina, in banda Australiya, tsibirin Madagascar, yankuna masu ƙarfi, Kudancin Kudancin Amurka da kuma yankin hamada na Afirka.
A matsayin mazauna, squirrels suna zama na musamman a cikin gandun daji, inda akwai bishiyoyi da yawa, don haka ba za a same su a cikin hamada na arewacin Afirka da gabaɗaya ba, a wurare masu ƙarancin ciyayi. Bishiyoyi da squirrels aboki ne na dindindin, inda akwai bishiyoyi, waɗannan ƙwananan dabbobin suna iya zama a can. Haka kuma, dabbobin daji suna yin rayuwarsu yawancin lokaci a kan bishiyoyi, ba lallai bane a ce suna cikin asalinsu a kan bishiyoyi, suna hawa kan su sauƙin, tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe.
Me squirrels suke ci?
Me waɗannan kyawawan dabbobin ke ci? Tabbas, hazelnuts, amma ba kawai su ba, ban da kwayoyi, itacen 'ya'yan itace, tsaba na conifers: spruce, Pine, itacen al'ul da sauransu, har da namomin kaza da hatsi daban-daban, suna cikin abincin. Kasancewa dabba mai yawan iko, squirrel bai damu da cin kwari iri-iri ba, yatsun saƙo, kazamai har ma da kajin na tsuntsaye. Lokacin da aka lalacewar amfanin gona da matsananciyar yunwar, furotin ya ci haushi da bishiyoyi, lichens, rhizomes da tsire-tsire.
Oka a cikin hunturu. Ta yaya squirrel ke shirye don hunturu?
A zuwa lokacin hunturu, duk squirrels an shirya su sosai. Da farko dai, suna yin matsuguni masu yawa don ajiyar abincin su, wanda su ma suke tarawa gaba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, sukan tattara ciyawa, kwayoyi da namomin kaza, waɗanda a nan suke ɓoye a cikin ɓarnar bishiyoyi ko ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa.
Abin takaici, wasu dabbobin da aka tattara dabbobin sune yawancin wasu dabbobi suke satar su, kuma ba za a manta da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta game da wasu matsugunansu ba. Koyaya, wannan mantuwa na squirrels yana da amfani ga gandun daji, tunda tsaba, 'ya'yan itacen ɓaure da ƙoshinan da aka manta da tsintsaye sukan ɗanɗano su kuma sami sabon tsiro.
Amma ga halayen squirrels a cikin hunturu, a lokacin tsananin sanyi, squirrels suna zama a cikin raminsu, suna cikin nutsuwa a cikin rabin gado. Idan sanyi ba sanyi sosai sunadarai ke haifar da rayuwa ta yau da kullun, wani lokacin ma sukan kwashe kayan kwalliya na kwari da chipmunks.
Oya a cikin bazara
Amma farkon bazara shine lokaci mafi wahala ga squirrels, tunda an riga an ci abinci ko an manta da shi, kuma sababbi basu fito ba kuma basu yi girma ba. A wannan lokacin, kusan babu abinda za su ci tare da sunadarai, kuma a farkon lokacin bazara ne cewa sunadaran na iya mutuwa saboda yunwar. Don tsira, rodents kawai zasu iya haushi da bishiyoyi, harbe-tsire.
Alamomin waje na squirrel Carolina launin toka
Squirrel na launin toka yana da girman jiki na 38 zuwa 52. cm 5 Tsawon wutsiya shine 15 - 25 cm.
Auricles - daga 2.5 zuwa 3.3 cm.
Carolina launin fata squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Squirrel launin toka ya fi girma kamar squirrel na talakawa, yawanci kimanin inci 10 ne kuma yana da babban wutsiya mai faɗi 8 inci.
A lokacin hunturu, huhun Caroline squirrels ya zama yayi kauri, kuma Jawo ya fi tsayi. Gashin gashi a ƙarshen ya zama launin ruwan kasa, tan, har ma da orange. Rarraba squirrel launin toka mai launin toka.
Caroline launin toka squirrel an rarraba shi a gabashin Arewacin Amurka. An samo shi a yammacin Kogin Mississippi. Mazauna arewacin Kanada. A hankali ku lura da Ireland, Scotland, Ingila, Italiya, cunkoson talakawa.
Caroline Grey squirrel Habitats
Caroline launin toka yana samuwa a cikin gaɓattaccen watsa shirye-shirye - gandun daji masu ban sha'awa, inda bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da bishiyun bishiyoyi ke girma tare da itacen oak da kudan zuma. Ya fi son wuraren dazuzzuka tare da yankin aƙalla kadada 40.
A cikin fall bayyana a filayen dake kusa da gandun daji a cikin gidajen Aljannar.
Siffofin halayen Caroline launin toka
Krolinskaya squirrel launin toka ne mai aiki mai ƙarfi wanda yake ciyar da kullun. Don rayuwa 5-7 mutane suna buƙatar kimanin hectare 1 na gandun daji.
A shekarun da suka lalace, dabbobi suna yin manyan garken da ke yin tafiya mai nisa kuma suna hana ruwa gudu. Ba zai yiwu a ce akwai wani dalili da zai dakatar da wannan babban koma-baya ba don neman wuraren zama mai wadatar abinci.
Caroline launin toka squirrels sun sami damar ketare koguna. A wannan yanayin, sun ɗaga maɗaukakkun wutsiyarsu don kada rigar, kuma saita jirgin ruwa. Rationsaukar dabbobi masu yawa suna faruwa ne yayin da ake fama da karancin abinci, a lokacin gobarar daji, kamar kuma lokacin fashewar ƙwayoyin dabbobi. Yawancin lokaci ana tsare wannan halayen lokacin hunturu.
A cikin shekarun girma na wannan nau'in ko kuma cikin shekara mai durƙushewa, waɗannan sunadarai sun taru a cikin babban "garken" kuma suna ƙaura don neman wurare masu dacewa.
Sunadarai na Grey Carolina sun dace da kamara. Akwai fasalin halaye guda ɗaya waɗanda ƙaunatattun dabbobi ke bukatar sani: dabbobi kan ciji sau da yawa. Ba'a ba da shawarar kiyaye irin wannan dabarar ba inda akwai tsofaffi da yara.
Zai fi kyau a zabi matasa squirrel. A wannan zamani, dabbobi sun saba da saurin-sauri kuma suna da sauƙin sauƙin yanayin da sauƙi.
Domin furotin din ya iya amfani da kai cikin sauri, kana buƙatar ciyar da squirrel, bautar abinci a hannunka.
Tabbatar a yi wasa da kuma nishaɗin dabbar, kafa rassa bushe, shimfiɗa cones na bishiyoyin coniferous. Yakamata dakin ya kwashe dukkan abubuwanda ke kawo barazana ga squirrel. Amincewa da cat ko kare ya kamata a jinkirtawa zuwa lokacin da muƙamin ya saba da zama cikin sabon yanayin.
Lokacin sakin squirrel don tafiya daga cikin keji, cire duk abubuwa masu mahimmanci daga filin kallon dabba, in ba haka ba zaka same su sun lalace. Motocin da ke cikin bauta suna riƙe hankalinsu da kiyaye su sosai. Dabbobi ba koyaushe suna maraba da bayyanar baƙi a cikin gida.
A wannan lokacin, sunadarin ya fi kyau komawa ga keji. Grey Carolina squirrels a cikin bauta rayuwa ta kusan shekaru 15.
Hakoran squirrel makami ne mai matukar mahimmanci don kariya da hakar abinci. Motsi suna da matukar son gaske, galibi suna hawa cikin tarko kuma suna bincika abubuwan da ke ciki.
Squirrels na launin toka sukan shirya wasanni akai-akai, ciji yatsunsu da kunnansu wani lokacin, amma ana yin waɗannan ayyukan a hankali.
Maganin furotin mai karfi sosai zai iya cizo idan ya tsoratar ko ya ji haushi. Sau ɗaya a mako, kuna buƙatar datsa maƙallan, saboda a cikin yanayi akwai narkewar halitta ta maƙulli yayin motsawa cikin bishiyoyi. A cikin bauta, an sanya keken katako a cikin keji don dabbar ta gudu, saboda haka an goge kofan.
Ativeimar mummunan sashin furotin na Carolina launin toka a cikin tsaran yanayi
Squirrels na Grey Carolina suna lalata bishiyoyi. Entsayoyin abinci suna haushi a kan kututture kuma suna sha ruwan zaki daga itace. A sakamakon haka, irin wannan amfani yana haifar da dakatarwar ci gaban da mutuwar itaciyar. Musamman mawuyacin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayoyin cuta ne maple da beech.
An harbe squirrels na Grey Carolina, an kori mazaunan su, an kama tarkuna. Amma sun fara haihuwa da sauri kuma sun daidaita don zama a cikin kowane yanki tare da nau'in bishiyoyi masu ɗumi da tsayi. Amma a lokaci guda, sunadarai, adana kwayoyi da tsaba don lokacin hunturu, suna ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar tsirrai a cikin yanayin ƙasa. Ana buƙatar sarrafa furotin don kula da daidaituwa tsakanin yawan ƙwayoyin dabbobi da tsirrai.
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Shin kun san hakan.
Heteria Tuatar ita ce memba na ƙarshe a cikin tawagar Beak da ke jagorantar?
Don fadada fadadunka ko rubuta rahoto mai inganci da kasida, muna bayar da shawarar sosai cewa ka karanta abubuwan da ke ƙasa. Mun gamsu cewa bayan karanta waɗannan labaran, zaku koyi abubuwa da yawa na musamman da amfani.Muna muku fatan alkhairi a cikin kungiyarmu ta abokantaka!
Ganges Gavial (Latin Tomistoma schlegelii)
Ya baki baki! Don samun cikakken bayani game da dabbobin daji ko kwari, kuna buƙatar sanin rarrabuwarsu ta kimiyya. Babban tsarin rarraba dabbobi ya hada da:
Muna ba da shawara cewa ku bi hanyar da ke ƙasa kuma ku ƙara ilimin ku tare da gaskiyar kimiyya. Na gode da kasancewa tare da mu!