Abincin abinci ne na musamman wanda ke dauke da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin tsari mai isa ga dabbobi.

Abinci mai bushe

Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da dabbobin tare da roughage kawai a cikin hunturu. Kasancewarsu a cikin abinci yana inganta metabolism na akuya. Saboda wannan, yana halatta a yi amfani da busasshen abinci a cikin lokutan dumi.

Abincin da ya bushe ya haɗa da waɗannan samfuran:

• Hay da bambaro. Don bushewa, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da ciyawa daga gandun daji da ciyawa. Animalaya daga cikin dabbobi yayi asarar 2-3 kilogiram.
• Brooms. Zai fi kyau ba dabbobi tsintsiya daga Maple, Birch, Aspen ko poplar. A rana, akuya zai iya cin guda 3-5.

Abincin bushewa ya fara girbewa a tsakiyar bazara, yawanci adana ciyawar da aka yanke itace domin girki a cikin bunches ko ganyaye. Idan manomi yana da kwanciyar hankali, ana ba shi damar murƙushe shi kafin yin hidima - an yi imani da cewa wannan hanyar ana cinye abincin da ya fi ƙarfin tattalin arziki. Hakanan ana tattara tsintsaye daga ƙananan bunches tare da sanduna har zuwa 60 cm tsayi.

Abincin abinci mai dadi

Daya suna ya bayyana karara cewa irin wannan abincin yana dogara ne akan amfani da tsirrai masu rayuwa daban daban. Abin da m ciyar awaki ciyar:

• Ciyawa. Wannan shine mafi kyawun kayan aiki mai araha kuma mafi arha. Ya isa ya tura awakin don yawo a cikin daji, filin ko ciyawa. Awaki suna ciyar da ciyawa a kashin kansu a duk inda yake girma.
• 'Ya'yan itace. Ofaya daga cikin ƙaunatattun dabba na dabba. Suna son peach, apples, pears, apricots. Amma kafin cin abinci, manomi yana buƙatar share 'ya'yan itacen ta cire tsaba.
• Fi na kayan lambu. An ba shi izinin amfani da kowane irin fiɗa don ciyarwa, gami da ganyen dankalin Turawa da ganyen kabeji, karas da sharar gwoza. A bu mai kyau a haxa samfurin tare da alli - 1 of g alli da 1 kilogiram na fi. Wannan zai rage abubuwan acid a cikin abinci.
• Kayan lambu. Samfurin mara amfani wanda dabbobi suka so musamman - suna cinye shi tare da tushe da fi. An ba shi izinin ciyar da dabbobi tare da karas, dankali (Boiled kawai), kabeji, artichoke na Urushalima, amma kawai yankakken a baya. An bada shawarar kar a ba fiye da kilogiram 4 na kayan lambu a rana.
• Silo. Wannan nau'in abinci ne sananne, wanda kyanshi ya dogara dashi. Babban samfurin kalori yana dauke da bitamin da yawa. Har zuwa kilo 4 na akuya guda ana samarwa a kowace rana.

An ba shi izinin ciyar da dabbobi da abinci mai kyau duka a lokacin rani da damuna.

Ciyar da abinci

Ciyarwar abinci mai mahimmanci dole ne ya kasance cikin abincin awaki, saboda sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Amma kuna buƙatar ba da irin wannan abincin daidai saboda ku guji ƙoshin abinci da matsalar narkewar abinci. Misali, hatsi, irin su alkama da hatsi, ana keɓance su musamman da keɓaɓɓe. Ana ciyar da masara a wasu adadi, in ba haka ba dabbar na iya fuskantar kiba.

Ciyarwar abinci, kek, burodi ana ɗaukar matakan ciyarwa - ana zuba su da ruwan zãfi 12 sa'o'i kafin a ciyar. Babu wani tabbataccen adadin ruwa don ciyarwa da ci, da kuma 1 lita na ruwa a kowace kilo 1 na cake da abinci.

Dole ne manomi ya haɗa waɗannan nau'ikan abinci don ƙirƙirar abincin cike, wanda ke samar da karɓar dukkan abubuwan abinci masu mahimmanci.

Yadda ake yin abinci?

Norms don ciyarwa dole ne a ƙididdige kan tsufa, jinsi, lafiyar gaba ɗaya, nauyin dabba. Amma akwai dokoki na gaba daya:

• Babban akuya ya kamata ya ci fiye da ƙaramin akuya,
• Babban dabba ya ci abin da ya fi ɗan akuya girma, amma da nauyin guda ɗaya,
• Goatsan dabbobin Swan suna cinye ƙarin abinci fiye da akuya
• Dabbobin kiwo suna da yawa da yawa kamar dabbobi,
• ɗan akuya wanda ke ba da madara mai yawa ana buƙatar bayar da abinci fiye da malolactic.

Awaki kamar iri-iri cikin abinci.Don haka suna iya zama cikakke, sauri da mafi kyawun samun nauyi, bi da bi, da ba da ƙarin kayan kiwo. An ciyar da dabbobi abinci ne kawai.

Ba ya yarda da awaki su ciyar da m ko ciyawar da ke lalacewa da ƙoshin amfanin gona mara kyau. Wannan na iya haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka daban-daban, lalacewa a cikin ingancin madara da raguwa a cikin girma.

An gabatar da abincin ƙima don kowane nau'in akuya a cikin lokacin dumi, la'akari da duk halayen. Ga dabba guda, wannan adadin abincin shine:

Abincin da ake ci a lokacin hunturu ya ɗan bambanta da abin da aka bai wa dabbobi a cikin lokacin dumama:

Matsakaicin, akuya ɗaya tana cin nauyin kilogram 360-550 na busassun abinci, kilogiram 400-600 na abinci mai kyau, kilogiram 30-40 na abinci mai da hankali a kowace shekara. Mafi ƙarancin darajar an keɓe shi ga matasa dabbobi da yara, mafi girma - don manya.

Ana buƙatar kulawa da hankali ga ciwar dabba. Idan ba'a ciyar dashi da girman da manomi yake bashi ba, yakamata a kara rabo. A lokaci guda, guji yawan wuce gona da iri, tun da kiba na iya shafar girman samar da madara. Yawan masu kiba shima ba a son shi yayin haila.

Yadda za a ciyar da awaki masu ciki?

Yayin samun juna biyu, abinci mai awaki ba ya bambanta da abin da ake ciyar da su. Ya isa a bi ka'idodi masu sauki domin taimakawa dabbar ta haifi yaro mai lafiyayye:

• A cikin rabin na biyu na ciki, buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawara don ƙara yawan abinci tare da abubuwan gina jiki, la'akari da wannan fasalin. Amma kar a shayar da akuya mai ciki don guje wa wahalar haihuwa da kuma barazanar ɓarna.
• Awaki masu juna biyu don karin kumallo suna ciyar da yankakken amfanin gona (500 g) da hatsi (200 g). A lokacin cin abincin rana suna ba da kilo ɗaya da rabi ko biyu na hay, kuma don abincin dare suna ciyar da cakuda garin hatsi da hatsi (100 g kowane kayan masarufi), hay daga ganyayyaki makiyaya.
• A wannan yanayin, dole ne a kai dabbar zuwa makiyaya, inda za su iya cin ganye mai laushi cikin adadi mara iyaka.
• A cikin hunturu, ana maye gurbin ciyar da abinci mai narkewa tare da ciyarwar babban abu, wanda aka cire shi daga abinci sati biyu kafin ranar haihuwar da ake tsammani. A wannan lokacin, an ciyar da akuya tare da kayan wuta mai sauƙi da ƙarin ruwa tare da kayan abinci mai narkewa cikin sauƙi. Misali, ana bada damar ciyar da shi da ruwa mai kamarura da kwandon-kwastan daga firiji da aka shuka da kuma kayan masarufi ko hatsi mai hatsi tare da daidaiton kayan kwalliya.

Awaki ciyar bayan haihuwa

A cikin aiwatar da haihuwa a cikin dabbobi akwai rauni mai ƙarfi na narkewa cikin tsarin. Yana ɗaukar isasshen lokaci don cikakken murmurewa. A cikin mako guda bayan haihuwar ɗan, ya zama dole don ciyar da awaki musamman tare da haske, abinci mai narkewa cikin sauri. Tushen Tushen, legumes daga hay, bran swill zai zama mafi dacewa a wannan lokacin. Zai fi kyau bayar da abinci cikin tsari, wanda zai samar da awaki da abinci mafi gamsarwa.

7-8 kwanaki bayan rago, awaki fara rehabilitation. Wannan lokaci yana da kyau a cikin wannan daidaitaccen ciyarwa an yarda. Tushen abinci mai gina jiki yayin ciyar shine sabo ne da kuma amfanin gona. A ranar kowace samfurin, bunsuru zai ci har kilo huɗu. Wadannan abubuwan ne wadanda suke samarda lactation a cikin mata.

Iri ciyarwa

Nasarar bunkantar da akuya ya dogara da ingantaccen tsarin abinci. A saboda wannan dalili, manomi dole ne ya san abincin abincin awaki ya ƙunshi, da kuma irin nau'in abinci. A shekaru daban-daban kuma a lokuta daban-daban na shekara, abincin dabba yakan canza. Awaki suna buƙatar bitamin, furotin. Rashin daidaituwar ma'adinai na iya haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya.

Ciyar da ɗan akuya ya kamata a tsara sosai. Suna son cin abinci yankakken oats, bran, abinci na fili, Peas, wake, molasses, masara, sha'ir, beets ja, peeling dankalin turawa da bambaro. Kuna buƙatar ƙara gishiri a cikin abincin.

Mafi aukaka da abun da ke ciki - shine mafi kyau ga dabba, musamman a cikin hunturu, lokacin da babu wata hanyar da za'a kori akuya cikin makiyaya. Bugu da ƙari, a lokacin rani zaku iya bayar da apples, lemu da kayan lambu masu tushe. A cikin hunturu, adadin bitamin da ake buƙata ya cika tare da hay mai inganci.

Yadda za a ciyar da dabbobi a cikin hunturu?

A cikin hunturu, babban abinci shine hay - roughage da awaki ke buƙata. An ba shi damar ba da bambaro, amma ba shi da abinci mai gina jiki kamar hay. Goats ne quite unpretentious dabbobi, amma an shawarar don ciyar da su da high quality-hay, yana da kyawawa cewa ya zama ganye. 2.5-3 kilogiram na hay a kowace rana, 1.8-2.2 kilogiram a kan akuya, akuya mai nauyin kilogram 0.8-1.

Idan babu hay mai yawa da aka bari a cikin hannun jari, yana halatta a sauya shi da tsintsiya, amma tabbatar da bayar da akalla 1 kilogiram na hay. Brooms suna ba har guda 5 a rana. Manoma da yawa sun gwammace su girbe ganyayyaki domin dabbobi, ana amfani da su a cikin hunturu domin kwanciya da abinci. Kyakkyawan abincin bitamin ga awaki shine ganye da ƙananan harbe na fure da kwalliya.

A cikin hunturu, dabbobi ma suna ciyar da kowane kayan lambu, a cikin tafasasshen, busassun ko raw tsari. Kafin ku ciyar da awaki cheeses tare da kayan lambu, an wanke su kuma ana yanka don su sami sauƙin ci. Baya ga kayan lambu, yana halatta a ba dabbobi fruitsya fruitsyan itãcen marmari.

Hakan yana da mahimmanci a haɗa bitamin da gishiri a cikin abincin. An sanya gishiri a cikin ɗanyen laushi ko an bayar da shi a cikin nauyin 6 g na akuyar kiwo da 10 g na coyang. Abincin ƙashi da alli an ƙara cikin menu.

Tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki a cikin jikin awaki, duk abubuwanda suka zama dole ya isa, amma yawancin awaki masu shayarwa suna ba da shawarar ƙara bitamin zuwa abinci azaman hanawa kariya. Zai kasance da amfani musamman ga mai ratsa jiki da awaki masu kiwo sosai. Ana narke bitamin cikin abinci ko kuma a wani yanki.

Yadda ake haɓaka yawan aiki?

Idan akuya ya ci abinci mara kyau, yakamata kada kuyi tsammanin amfanin madara mai kyau daga ita. Ciyar da abinci mai gina jiki zai taimaka sosai wajen samar da kayan nono. A lokacin rani, ana bayar da wadataccen madara mai kyau ta hanyar ciyawar kore fodder - daga abin da dabbobi ke karɓar yawancin abincin da ake buƙata.

A cikin hunturu, ba za a sami irin wannan abincin ba, amma yana yiwuwa a rama ƙarancin ta da hay da tsintsiyar da aka riga aka shirya daga rassan itace. Amma yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa awaki suna buƙatar abinci iri-iri.

Ciyarwar abinci, abinci mai dafa abinci, hatsi da kayan abinci masu ma'adinin-mai ma'adinai suna da tasirin sakamako akan nono. Bugu da kari, don ingantaccen kayan aiki, ya zama dole a samar wa dabbobi dabarun samun tsafta, musamman ma dumama ruwa.

Yadda ake ciyar da akuya

Ciyarwa shine mafi mahimmancin dalilin amfanin tumbi. Duk abin da ya shayar da akuyarsa, komai yanayin yanayin da ka ƙirƙira shi kuma komai girman ƙoƙarin ka kula da shi, idan ba ka samar masa da cikakken abinci ba, to ba zai yuwu ka sami amfanin madara mai kyau ba (mura, yara). A cikin labarin za mu yi magana game da yadda za a ciyar da akuya, da kuma game da samfuran da ya kamata a cire su daga abinci, ko a hankali a raba su.

Menene abincin ɗan akuya ya ƙunshi:

• fi mai da hankali (hatsi, kayan kwastan),
• roughage (hay, bambaro, haylage, ciyawar twig),
• abinci mai kyau (ciyawa, silage, tsiro mai tushe),
• kari (ma'adanai, bitamin).

Lokacin da ake tattara abinci, ana la'akari da cikar sa, bambancinsa da kasancewar sa. Don haka samar da madara ba ya tsalle kowace rana (ko dai guga, ko ma shayi), kuma lafiyar ba ta faruwa ba, ya zama dole abincin yau da kullun ya zama iri ɗaya a cikin shekara. Tabbas, akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin ciyarwa a lokacin hunturu da bazara, amma sauyi tsakanin su yakamata a sauƙaƙe yadda zai yiwu.

A karkashin mahaifa

Ana amfani da wannan hanyar yin amfani da awaki ne kawai idan bunsuru ɗin ya ba ƙarancin madara. Bayan haihuwa, an bar yaran tare da mahaifiyarsu har sai sun cika watanni 3-4.A wannan lokacin, yaran suna cin abinci da kansu. Amma lokacin da suka cika makonni uku da haihuwa, alli da gishiri suna cikin abinci - giram biyar kowannensu. A shekaru uku, girman alli da gishiri ya ninka.

Idan yaran ba su da isasshen madarar uwa, suna kama da sihiri kuma ba su da ƙarfi, to, a cikin wata 1 sun fara ba su abin da ya fi ƙarfinsu - kimanin 20-30 g kowace rana. A hankali, wannan al'ada ya kamata ya karu, ta watanni 3 yara yara a cikin rana ya kamata su ci kimanin 300 g na abinci mai karfi. Yana dan shekara 3.5, a hankali aka yaye dabbobin daga mahaifiyar akuya sannan aka canza shi zuwa abinci mai girma na al'ada.

Janar halaye na ciyar da awaki ciyar

• Ganyen hatsi da kayayyakin su na yau da kullun sune madaidaicin makamashin kuzari don awaki, amma suna da ƙarancin furotin.
• Hatsi na hatsi sune kyakkyawan tsari na carbohydrates (sitaci) mai saurin gurɓataccen abinci, wanda lokacin da aka kara shi abinci yana ƙara matakin kuzarin abincin. Koyaya, haɓaka hatsi a cikin abinci yana rage yawan abin taunawa, yana hana aikin tabarbarewa kuma yana rage yawan mai a cikin madara.
• Daga samfuran-iri na samar da giya da kuma hatsi sune kyawawan hanyoyin samar da carbohydrates da furotin a hankali.
• Tushen tushen kayan lambu da tubers sune tushen ingantaccen ƙwayoyin carbohydrates cikin sauri, amma suna da ƙarancin furotin.
• Abubuwan da ke cikin masana'antar sukari suna da fiber mai narkewa (ƙwayar gwoza) ko sukari mai sauƙi (molasses), wanda ke sa su ciyar da abinci mai ƙarfi.
• Ciyar mai tana ƙunshe da lipids sabili da haka ciyarwar mai ƙarfi.
• Oilcake shine “abincin furotin” na awakin kiwo. Abubuwan wake suna dauke da abubuwa masu cutarwa, amma bayan aiki da yakamata, sunadarai ne mai kyau da tushen furotin.
• Sunadaran asalin dabbobi suna da tsayayya da lalacewar gurguzu kuma sune tushen haɓakar calcium da phosphorus. Dole ne a kula dasu musamman don guje wa haɗarin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Tun da Legumes na takin suna da sinadarin calcium fiye da hatsi, abincin da ya ƙunshi mafi yawan kayan kiwo yana buƙatar ƙasa da ƙarin kalsiya.
• Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa roughage (fodder) ya ƙunshi ƙarancin phosphorus fiye da abin da ake buƙata don ɗan akuya, a mafi yawan lokuta ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙwayoyin phosphorus a cikin abincin.

Don ciyarwa, ya kamata a shirya nau'ikan ciyarwa iri iri iri daya. Don haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da sha'ir, alkama, abincin sunflower a matsayin mai da hankali ga awaki. Baya ga hay, ana buƙatar rassa da haylage. Silo ya cika karas, dankali, kabeji. Amma akuya ya kamata ya karɓi duk waɗannan samfuran yau da kullun, ba za ku iya tabbata cewa a yau kuna ciyar da akuya da hay guda ba, gobe kuma kuna ba da hankali da silage.

Hadarin guba yana ƙaruwa a cikin bazara: a lokacin hunturu wurin turke dabbobi ba sa karɓar koren abinci da kuma lokacin da ake kiwon makiyaya, ba da ƙarancin ci kowane ciyawa.

Yana da mahimmanci don shirya abincinku na shekara. Idan kuna da ƙarancin hay, yana da kyau ku fara ƙara ɗan bambaro nan da nan fiye da lokacin bazara zaku maye gurbin hay sosai da yankan sha'ir.

Abincin kore

Kore abinci shine sashi na fure na abinci mai ban sha'awa ga masu dabbobin. Irin wannan abincin shine mafi arha wadataccen abinci mai wadataccen abincin dabbobi. A cikin tsarin shekara-shekara na abinci don gidan, ana lissafinsa zuwa 25-35% na abinci mai gina jiki, kuma a cikin tsarin abincin awaki na rani - 75-85% ko fiye.

Abubuwan amfanin gona masu zuwa ana yawan amfani dasu a ciyar kuma:

• hatsi - ryegrass na shekara-shekara, ryegrass na Italiya, shinge na ƙasa, filin shinge na makiyaya, ciyawar bluegrass, ƙone wuta, foxtail, polevole, fes fes,
• Legumes na takin - Clover, vetch, alfalfa, Peas, lupine,
• cruciferous - radar oileded, hunturu da bazara, farar kabeji, fyade.

Abincin kore suna da wadatar abinci a cikin carotene da furotin, musamman a farkon farkon tsirrai (budding, take), maida hankali wanda yake raguwa yayin da tsire-tsire ke tsiro, kuma abun bushewar abu da bushewar fiber suna ƙaruwa. Legumes da hatsi sune asalin tushen roughage don dabbobi masu kiwo. A farkon farawa, waɗannan ganyayyaki sune tushen ingantaccen furotin, carotene, alli da sauran ma'adanai.

Yankan kore shine taro na abinci, wanda, bayan ya yankashe, an murƙushe shi a filin, sannan a ciyar da shi don yin noma dabbobi a cikin shinge. Ta wannan hanyar, ana amfani da hatsi da kayan marmari, ciyawar Sudan, masara da masara, rapeseed, hatsin hunturu, da kuma ragowar amfanin gona kayan lambu. Wannan ita ce mafi sauki hanyar ciyarwa. Amfanin kore fodder shine babban tarin abinci mai gina jiki a kowane bangare na yankin ƙasa, ƙananan farashin aiki kuma yana nufin idan aka kwatanta da girbi hay, hay ko silage.

Silo

Silage shine babban abinci mai dadi a cikin hunturu. 1 kg na silage ya ƙunshi abinci 0.16-0.20. raka'a, 1.8-2.3 MJ na makamashi na rayuwa, 11-15 g na furotin mai narkewa, 15-20 mg na carotene. Ana kiyaye amanar abinci a lokacin silage saboda kiyaye asirin da kuma sinadaran acetic acid yayin da babu damar yin iska. A lokacin silage ta kwayoyin lactic acid, ciyar da sukari shine fermented cikin lactic (partially acetic) acid.

Babban amfanin gona silage shine masara. Cropsarin albarkatun gona masu ba da tallafi yanzu an tabbatar da ciyawa, masara da kuma masara-ɗan sudan. Experiencewarewa da aka tara a gonaki ya tabbatar da ingancin haɓakar shuka na tsiro na silage tare da takar, ƙya, wake da hatsi, da kuma masara ta amfani da fasaha na hatsi.

Ciyar da awaki daga A zuwa Z

A lokacin bazara, ɗan akuya yana cin kilo 5-6 na ciyawa a cikin makiyaya, wanda bai isa ba don samar da madara. Wajibi ne a gabatar da hankali - kilogiram 0.35. Zai iya zama haɓakar hatsi, da zai fi dacewa a sare (tart).

Lokacin da ciyawar bai isa ba ko kuma tayi ruwa sosai, ana bi da awaki tare da tsintsiyar bishiyoyi da tsirrai (tsintsiya, Birch, Aspen, Maple, ash, ash, ash, dutse, ash). Mafi yawan su suna son twils twigs. Ya kamata ba sau da yawa kuma a cikin adadi mai yawa suna ba da birch - sau ɗaya kowace 'yan kwanaki, suna canzawa tare da wasu katako. Don abinci mai gina jiki, kilogiram 2 na tsintsiya ya maye gurbin 1 kg na ciyawa. Goataya daga cikin akuya zai iya ci har guda 5 a rana.

Lokacin da raba abinci na awaki, ma'adanai da bitamin suna da mahimmanci. 10-15 g (teaspoon tare da saman) na alli ko ci na kashi da 10 g (teaspoon) na gishiri tebur (zai fi dacewa iodized) ana ba su kowace rana

A cikin hunturu, rassan coniferous (10-15 g a kowace) suna da amfani ga awaki a matsayin tushen bitamin da ma'adanai.

Ciyar da yara

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, awaki masu lafiya suna da kusanci ga mahaifiyarsu kuma suna shayar da nono. Amma idan yaro bai yi wannan ba, wajibi ne a dasa shi a kan kari kuma a ciyar da shi da ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa.

Yana da mahimmanci karɓar yara don cin abinci mai yawa da kuma mai da hankali da wuri-wuri. Daga ranar 10 na rayuwa, yaran sun fara samfurin ciyawa, ciyawa da gaurayawar abubuwan narkewa, abinci mai kyau, furotin da wadataccen makamashi: hatsi na sha'ir, alkama, triticale, ƙarancin peas.

A cikin garken awaki mai nama, ana cinye awaki daga bakin a wani kwanan wata (ta watanni 4) saboda su sami matsakaicin adadin abubuwan gina jiki da madara. A cikin noman akuya noma, da farkon wean yara matasa (game da watanni 2) an dauki tattalin arziki more riba - da zaran da madara a cikin abun da ke ciki ya zama dace da abinci mutum.

Bayan yayen da kanshi tun farkon shekarun, an ciyar da awakin a madara saniya - 1 kg na awaki da kuma kilogiram 1.5 na awaki. Ka'idojin maida hankali a cikin watanni 2 shine 50-80 g, kuma a cikin watanni 3 suka ci 120-180 g.

Ciyar da matasa dabbobin bayan watanni 4 yakamata a daidaita bisa la'akari da jinsi, shekaru, nauyi mai rai da kuma wadatar yau da kullun.A cikin yanayinmu, babban abincin shine ciyawa, ciyayi, tare da ciyarwa mai zurfi, 0.2 kilogiram na abincin da aka tattara yana cikin abubuwan da ake ci.

Goat ciyar

Masu kera Wata daya da rabi kafin dabbar ta hanyar canjin, awaki fara ciyar da yalwa. Haka kuma, ka'idojin sun dogara da sifofin irinsu, kiba, nauyin rayuwa, shekaru da kuma nauyin jima'i.

A cikin lokacin bazuwar, abincin awaki ya haɗa da ciyawar makiyaya (daga 5 zuwa 7 kg), ciyayi na woody. A cikin yanayin bazuwar, buƙatun su na makamashi da furotin yana ƙaruwa, kuma cakuda abubuwan da ke kunshe da burodi, hatsi mai alkama, abincin, ƙara haɓaka ma'adinai a cikin menu - daga kimanin 0.4 kilogiram.

Ciyar da awaki

Mahaifa. Lokaci mai mahimmanci biyu yakamata a rarrabe lokacin da awaki ke buƙatar ingantaccen ciyarwa: 1-2 makonni kafin dabbar tayi da makonni 3-4 bayan bunsuru. A wannan lokacin, a cikin hunturu ana ba su hay mai inganci, kuma a lokacin rani ana tura su zuwa makiyaya mai kyau tare da tsayayyen ciyawa. Kuna iya kuje awaki a cikin rukuni na 15-20 a cikin alkalam, waɗanda an rufe ta ta hanyar raga mai ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalli ko murfin katako tare da jeri na 25-30 cm.

Hanya na yau da kullun na kananan dabbobi, harma da lactation na gaba dayansu, ya dogara da tsarin da yakamata na ciyar da mahaifa. A farkon watanni 3 na haila, tayin zai ci gaba a hankali, yana kaiwa zuwa kashi 10-15% na adadin jarirai, saboda haka tafiyar matakai na cikin mahaifa ba su da ƙarfi. Daga rabi na biyu na daidaito, an ba da mahaifa mafi kyawun ingancin abinci, ana ba da mafi kyawun wuraren makiyaya, kuma idan ya cancanta, an ciyar da su da hankali.

Yana da mahimmanci kula da ingancin abinci yayin lokacin bunsuru, kuma a cikin lactation mai zuwa. Nan da nan bayan mahaifa, ana ba da mahaifa alade daga bran, adadin abincin da aka mayar da hankali sannu a hankali yana karuwa kuma a canza shi zuwa abincin da aka saba cikin kwanaki 5-7.

Ruwan mahaifa a lokacin rani yana samun kilogiram 6-7 na abincin makiyaya da ciyayi, a cikin hunturu - har zuwa kilogiram 2 na hay, kimanin kilogiram 1.5 na tushen ciyawar, 0.2 kilogiram na bambaro na bazara. Yawan maida hankali, gwargwadon kiwo da fasali mai amfani - 0.4 kg. Haka kuma, ya fi kyau a ciyar da su da irin abincin dabbobi.

A matsayin misali, ana iya amfani da abun da ke ciki: hatsi na masara ko alkama (sha'ir) gari - 40-45%, bran - 35, rapeseed ko abincin sunflower - 15-20, abincin ma'adinai - 2-5%. An raba ramuka cikin la'akari da buƙatar makamashi, furotin, ƙwayar maras kyau, alli, phosphorus, sodium chloride, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, manganese, cobalt, aidin, carotene, bitamin D da E.

Bukatar ruwa na kozomatok ya dogara da yanayin yanayi, juiciness na ciyar da makiyaya da jeri daga lita 3-5.

A lokacin turke, awaki zasu buƙaci:

• Hay - 400-450 kilogiram na manya da 200-250 kg ga kananan dabbobi, bambaro (don awaki manya - 15-20 kg),
• abincin succulent (karas, beets na fodder, sukari da rabin sukari, dankali, kabeji, kabewa, apples, zucchini, silage) - 150-200 kg, brooms (daban) - 80-100 guda,
• maida hankali (hatsi na hatsi, masara, sha'ir) ko ciyarwar fili - 40-50 kg.

Fasali na kiwo da kuma lokacin rani na ciyar da awaki a cikin dabarun gida na gida

Yana faruwa cewa ku je awaki cikin makiyaya inda ciyawa suke da yawa, kuma sun daina cin abinci, kamar dai suna cike. Amma, alal misali, yana da kyau a je gaɓar koranan willow, kuma dabbobin sun fara cin ƙwayarsu da irin wannan zari, kamar dai kafin tsakar rana suke fama da yunwa.

Awansu ba sa cin ciyawa na dogon lokaci a wuri guda. Suna neman sabbin tsirrai koyaushe. Wataƙila wannan shine dalilin da ya sa madararsu tana warkarwa? Kuma dawowa gida daga makiyaya, awaki ba za su ƙi cin wani abu ba, alal misali, hatsi, sare apples har ma da hay.

Idan bunsuru ya ci da kyau, ana iya ganinshi a manyan bangarorinsa. Cikakken akuya yana da ciki mai kama da ganga. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don bambanta jikewa daga zafin kumburi mai ban sha'awa wanda ke faruwa a cikin dabbobi lokacin da waje kiwo a dewy Clover da matasa hatsi na kore. Goatan akuya mai saniya yana kiwon tsintsaye, amma ɗan akuya ba shi da ita. A karo na biyu, tana buƙatar magani na gaggawa.

Sanin duk wannan, yana da wuya a kalli awaki waɗanda suke cinye kullun a cikin buye. Wadansu ma suna tunanin cewa akuya yakamata ya ci duk ciyawa a waccan takaddun a inda aka haɗe shi. Amma wannan ba zai faru ba, saboda a can an tilasta ta ta yin tururuwar da kuma jimre wa buƙata. Amma ɗan akuya dabba ce mai ƙima.

Free waje kiwo

Saki abincinku a kan hanya wanda ciyawa ke girma. Da alama a nan za ku iya cin komai kuma ba gudu ko'ina. Koyaya, idan tsirrai suka ji ƙanshin abinci ko wasu sunadarai, bunsurun ba zai ci su ba. Kuma koda maigidan ya dasa wannan ciyawa ya sanya shi a cikin gandun daji, dabba mafi kyau za ta shirya shi da kyau, zai bar abubuwa da yawa. Don haka a ƙarshe, wannan "aure" zai zama dole ne a watsar da shi.

Idan kana son samun yawan madara, to, kada ka rike akuya a duk ranar a wuri guda, kada ka tilasta shi ya ci ciyawa mai datti, kada ka sanya matsananciyar yunwa. Bugu da kari, karnuka, duka biyu na gida da na gida, na iya cizo da akuya da aka daure. Hakanan yana faruwa cewa akuya ta mutu daga shaƙa, an ɗaure shi a sarƙoƙi ko igiya.

Wasu awaki da ke zaune a gefen ƙauyuka suna barin dabbobinsu su yi kiwo don kansu, ba tare da an toshe su ba kuma barin ƙofar farfajiyar a buɗe. Yawanci, awaki ba sa da nisa daga gida kuma lokaci zuwa lokaci suna dawowa yadi don shan ruwa kuma suna kwance a inuwa.

Amma wani lokacin sukanyi yawo fiye da yadda suka kamata kuma basa komawa. Wataƙila sun mutu a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun motoci da jiragen ƙasa ko kuma sun fada cikin haƙoran karnukan da aka ambata. Kuma ta halitta, awaki, hagu zuwa kayan aikin nasu, galibi suna hawa zuwa wasu gidajen mutane da lambun kayan lambu, inda suke cutar da tsirrai na al'adu. Saboda wannan, mutane masu fushi zasu iya bugun dabbobi, ko ma su kashe.

A lokacin rani, ya fi kyau kuje dabbobi don sa'o'i 2-3 da safe kuma daidai adadin da rana a cikin makiyaya, kuna ganyaye daban-daban da ciyayi. Kuma a gida, dole ne ku ciyar da hay. Yakamata ya kasance cikin komin dabbobi! Da tsakar rana, ya kamata a miƙa awakin da abinci mai daɗin ɗanɗano - apples, beets or kabeji. Kuma don "abincin dare" - dankalin da aka dafa tare da gari, ko hatsi, ko abinci mai fili.

Wani lokaci yakan faru da haka, yin tafiya tare da mai shi, awakin suna da gangan kuma su tafi duk inda suke so. Mafi sau da yawa, ɗan akuya (ko akuya) yakan ɗauke su. Zai fi kyau a dauki irin wannan “jagora” a kan dogon leash. Idan kowane akuya yana cikin farauta, to ku bar shi cikin sito, don kada ya gudu ya nemi akuya.

Kyakkyawan shawara ga waɗannan masu shayarwa waɗanda ba su da damar yin kiwon dabbobinsu a makiyaya mai kyau, amma ana tilasta su ɗaure su a filin ko ciyar da ciyawa mai yankan.

Tabbatar a haɗa da tsire-tsire masu zuwa magani a cikin abincin awaki: chamomile, yarrow, tansy, thistle, Chernobyl, burdock, quinoa, zobo doki, danshi mai ban sha'awa, celandine da St. John's wort (na ukun uku na ƙarshe suna cikin adadi kaɗan).

Abubuwan da ke warkewa na waɗannan ganyayyaki suna haɓaka lafiyar awaki da haɓaka ingancin madara. Amma ku guji irin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu guba kamar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, henbane, hogweed.

Kamar shi Ki duba dabarun ciyarwar mu.

Biyan kuɗi zuwaTashar garkena , a gaban yawancin labarai masu ban sha'awa game da dabbobi.

Bambancin nau'ikan abinci

Abincin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire shine farkon nau'in m. Sun haɗa babban tsari na greenery: wannan ciyawa ce, ciyawar ciyawa, ko da alkama. Abun da aka gina da abinci mai gina jiki suna da alaƙa da matakan haɓaka amfanin gona. Idan yana yiwuwa a kiyaye garken makiyaya duk tsawon shekara, to, tambayar: yadda za a ciyar da awaki a lokacin rani ne da kanta. Ciyarwar abinci mai narkewa shine zaɓi mafi arha kuma mafi yawan amfani abinci koda a yankuna na arewacin.

Wadatattun ciyayi waɗanda suke tsiro a kansu:

Awaki suna cin gero, Acacia, da wasu tsirrai na da kyau a cikin wuraren kiwo, wadanda yawanci makiyaya ne da ciyawa.Idan yankin da aka shirya don tafiya yana kusa da gaɓar tekun, kore, launin ruwan kasa, jan launi zai kasance da mahimmanci a cikin abincin. An shigar da su sabo ne cikin gaurayawan rigar. Matsakaicin wuri na rukunin yanar gizon yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar don dacewa wurin kiwon awaki.

Mafi girman nauyi a kan wani yanki na makiyaya ya zama sanadin lalacewa, rage yawan aiki. Don adana abinci mai kyau, ana sau da yawa ana maye gurbinsu da waɗanda aka bushe: amfanin gona mai bushe, waɗanda ke wanzu bayan girbi. Tare tare da ita, suna ciyar da ganyayyaki kabeji, fi na gwoza, karas, turnips, har ma da sharar 'ya'yan itace, wanda akuya take ci da yardar rai.

Green gwangwani, gwangwani, samun silage. Wannan abinci mai mahimmanci ne wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai a cikin hunturu. Ana samun samfurin da aka gama a cikin watanni uku. A wannan lokacin, yakan gudana ta hanyar matakai kamar su:

• mowing
• nika
• Ana shigowa cikin silo,
• tambo da tsari.

Ciyarwa mai bushewa hatsi ne wanda aka fi ba da sabis a kwance. Haɗin ruwan sun haɗa da: sha'ir, alkama, shinkafa.

Ganyen sha'ir yana da mahimmanci don asarar dabbobi don yanka. Ga awaki masu kiwo da awakai, wannan abincin ba zai da amfani sosai: samun mai, mahaifa zai samar da ƙarancin madara. Maza da yawa ba za su iya jure nauyin da ke kansu na rufe mace ba.

Alkama ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin abincin dabbobi: yana da furotin, gishiri mai mahimmanci da ma'adanai. Gaskiyar alkama mai tsabta ba ta da tasiri sosai. Yawancin lokaci ana ƙara shi zuwa abun da ke ciki tare da legumes, waɗanda ake ɗaukar kayan masarufi masu mahimmanci ba kawai don artiodactyls ba.

Wani irin hatsi zai iya ba awaki

Oats abinci ne mai ingancin hatsi, amma fa idan ya girma. Filmsarancin hatsi suna rufe fim ɗin, wanda zai iya zuwa 40%. Suna rage kayan abinci masu gina jiki. 'Ya'yan itacen oro sun haɗa da yawancin bitamin B4. Rashin ƙarfinsa yana shafar raguwar aikin ƙwayoyin dabbobi, wanda ke rage yawan aiki da awaki a cikin nama da madara.

Ciyarwar abinci (an shirya) ya hada da hatsi da tsaba na hatsi, kayan lebur, da kuma samfuran sarrafa mai. Wannan rukunin ya hada da bushewar kayan amfanin gona.

Ciyarwar abincin da aka shirya da ita kayan abinci masu mahimmanci ne na abincin awaki, saboda abun da ke gina jiki ya dogara da ingancin garken awaki.

Misali, masara ta ƙunshi furotin mai yawa. Hatsi suna da kitse, zare. Awaki da yardar rai ci kore. Namo da masara galibi ana haɗe shi da albarkatun gona na beets, waken soya. Lokacin girbi irin waɗannan filayen, ana samun cikakkun abubuwan da suka dace da abinci mai gina jiki.

Tsarin abinci da aka gama ƙirar sau da yawa sun haɗa da bran. Ana samun wannan samfurin a cikin injin lokacin sarrafa alkama.

Gwoza ɓangaren litattafan almara ne dauke sosai gina jiki: sabo ne, shi ne mai ruwa feed wanda ya dace wa ciyar da awaki milking. Hakanan yana da amfani a gare su zai zama abincin molasses.

Tushen Tushen - ƙungiyar abinci mai mahimmanci wanda a ciki akwai yawancin bitamin, carbohydrates. Bugu da kari, beets na sukari, karas, swede, turnips, dankali, dabbobi suna da kyau. A cikin abinci, waɗannan nau'ikan ba a amfani da su sosai, tunda tsarin namo yana da ƙwazo.

Don hunturu ajiya na amfanin gona girma bukatar ajiya. Tushen Tushen yana buƙatar ƙarin shiri kafin ciyarwa: suna buƙatar a wanke, yankakken finely.

Abin da bai kamata a ba ɗan akuya ba

Tsire-tsire masu guba, waɗanda basu dace da dabbobi don cin abinci ba, galibi suna fada cikin ciyawar makiyaya. Substancesarin abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin lupine: alkaloids suna haifar da rashi a cikin awaki, gabobin haihuwa ma suna wahala. Akwai abubuwa masu guba a cikin shuka wanda ke lalata hanta.

Ana kuma daukar Fern mai guba. A lokaci guda, ba za a iya ba shi ko dai a bushe ko sabo. Bayan amfani da shi, matsaloli tare da daidaitawa motsi suna bayyana. Ci gaban jikin yayi saurin sauka, ko kuma bai ci gaba ba.

Alkaloids wanda ke shafar tsarin mai juyayi ya ƙunshi hellebore. Lokacin amfani da manyan kima, har ma da mutuwa ta faru.

Akwai hadarin kiwon lafiya ga awaki idan suka ci wadannan abubuwan:

Motsi da rot gurbata abinci

Wannan kamuwa da cuta sau da yawa yakan mamaye ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire. Ergot galibi yana shayar da hatsin rai, alkama, sha'ir, hatsi. An samo naman kaza a cikin taro na hatsi a cikin wani nau'i mai launi mai duhu: irin wannan hatsi dole ne a tsabtace shi da kayan aiki na musamman. Shugabannin kasuwanci sun bada shawarar sare ciyawar hatsi tare da iyakokin filaye.

Kwayar cutar ta shafi kwari

Wannan sabon abu ya faru ne sakamakon rashin tsabtace mara kyau na adana abinci. A hankali kauda abubuwan:

Akwai gizo-gizo da mangwaro a cikin sito. Misali, murda sitar tana fitar da wani abu mai hatsarin gaske wanda ke cutar da tsarin abincin dabbobi. Sha'ir da ya kamu da wannan kwaro yana haifar da zazzabin gudawa a cikin awaki. Sakamakon kwari, ƙwayar alkama mai narkewa ta zama mai ɗaci kuma ƙanshi mara dadi. Abincin da ke kamuwa da cuta yana haifar da ɓarna, wani lokacin yakan zama mai rauni ga manya.

Maƙanganun ɗaki suna kawo lalacewa mai yawa a hannun jari. Haɓaka, suna sa ƙwai, matafila. Ana amfani da Pupae don ciyar da abubuwa daga abinci, kuma saboda wannan, ya juya ya zama cobwebs waɗanda ke hade da yanar gizo, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ba za ku iya ciyar da akuya ba.

Don hana hannun jari, an ba da shawarar a kurkura da ruwa a bushe kafin a ciyar.

Ganyen dankalin turawa

Itatuwan tumatir da kore kore sun hada da glucoalkaloid solanine; mawaƙan mawaƙan an hana haramtaccen dankali da launin peel. Hatta ruwa wanda aka dafa kayan lambu ba a bada shawarar amfani dashi ba. An ba shi damar shigar da abinci a cikin adadi kaɗan, amma tare da sauran abincin abinci mai gina jiki.

Siffofin ciyar da awaki

Mahimmancin mai samarwa yana da mahimmanci ga tsararraki masu zuwa. Mafi yawan lokaci, maza kan sami wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki wa kansu abinci a cikin wuraren kiwo. Amma ko a lokacin rani, makiyaya suna ba da shawarar ƙara mai da hankali sosai ga abincin: yana iya zama abincin hatsi ko ƙoshin hatsi. Consumptionimar kimanin shine 0.6-0.8 kilogiram a kowace rana. Bai kamata masu samar da abinci su ciyar da su sosai ba, amma cikin kyakkyawan tsari.

A cikin hunturu, ya kamata su sami abinci mai gina jiki:

• hatsi-wake hay - 35-40%,
• m jinsunan - 25%,
• maida hankali - 40%.

A lokacin shirye-shiryen ma'aurata, amfanin shine kamar haka:

• 2-2.5 kilogiram na hay,
• 1 kg na amfanin gona (misali dankali).

Ciyarwa a cikin raguna ya kamata ya haɗa da nau'ikan ciyar iri. Ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari daga awakin, amma kuna buƙatar samun ƙarfi, don haka yakamata ya fi isa - har zuwa 1 kg a kowace rana ya kamata a kashe akan mutum ɗaya.

Abincin namiji ya kamata ya ƙunshi:

• 2-2.5 kilogiram na hay,
• 1 kg dankali
• 1 kg na fi mai da hankali.

Lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin yakan sauka ne a kan ciyar da makiyaya. Baya ga ciyawa, ana shawarar awaki don ƙara:

• hatsi - 1 kg
• garin kwakwa - 0.2 kilogiram
• bran - 0.2 kilogiram
• karas - 0.5 kilogiram
• qwai - 1-2 inji mai kwakwalwa.

Maimakon ruwa, masu kera a lokacin mating suna sha da baya.

Tare da kaya mai nauyi a kan akuya - daga mata uku ko fiye - an ƙara mai ƙera:

• abincin rana sunflower - 0.1 kg,
• Peas - kilogiram 0.2
• beets - 1 kg.

Saboda dabbobi suna da babbar rigakafi, ana ƙara kayan abinci masu guba a abinci.

Goat ciyar jadawalin

Tsarin ciyarwa ya kamata a shirya shi a tsaka-tsakin kullun, da tsammanin - 6-7 awanni. Zai fi kyau shirya abinci uku tare da jerin abinci.

Yadda za a ciyar da akuya a cikin hunturu? Da farko suna ba da nau'in hankalin, sannan m, kuma a ƙarshe sun kasance m. Misali, da safe safiya ne mafi alh tori ya ba fi mai da hankali da kuma tushen amfanin gona, da rana - hay ko silage, da yamma - spring bambaro da brooms.

Abincin abinci kowane mutum a rana:

Awaki za a iya ciyar da sharar abinci, amma ya fi kyau a yi haka da safe ko da rana.

Yana da mahimmanci la'akari da buƙatar makamashi na yau da kullun na dabbobi: Rashin ƙarin abubuwan haɓaka ma'adinai yana shafar raguwa a cikin mahimman ayyukan. Bukatar yau da kullun don tarawa akan kilo ɗaya na busasshen abinci:

• sodium - 2g,
• magnesium - 2g,
• sulfur - 1.5 g,
• jan ƙarfe - 10 MG
• zinc - 0.75 mg
• aidin - 0.2 MG.

Ruwan nishaɗin abinci

Daga sunan ya bayyana sarai cewa wannan nau'in abinci mai gina jiki ya samo asali ne daga amfani da tsirrai masu rai daban-daban:

1. Ciyawa - kayan abinci mafi arha kuma mai arha - ya isa ku kawo dabbobi zuwa makiyaya a gona, daji, ciyawa, makiyaya. Awaki suna jin daɗin cin ciyawa a kowane wuri na ci gabanta.
2. Firam na kayan lambu - kowane nau'in fiɗa ya dace da ganyen kabeji da ganyen dankalin turawa a lalata beets da karas. A wannan yanayin, ya wajaba don haɗaka samfurin tare da alli a cikin rabo na 1 gram a 1 kilogram. Wannan zai rage abubuwan acid a cikin abinci.
3. Silo wani nau'in abincin shahararre ne wanda ya shahara saboda kayan abinci mai gina jiki: abun da ke kara kuzari da sinadarai daban-daban a cikin abun da ke ciki. Cikakken sauyawa don ciyawa - ana bada shawarar bayar da har kilo 4 kowace rana.
4. Kayan lambu kayan sharar gida ne wanda awaki da farin ciki ke ci tare da tushe da fi! Beets, Urushalima artichoke, karas, kabeji, dankali (kawai Boiled) - duk wannan ana aiki a cikin murƙushe. A bu mai kyau kada a wuce kilo 4 a rana.
5. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari abinci ne wanda aka fi so da awaki. Peach, apples, apricots da pears sune abin da suke so. Babban abu shine share 'ya'yan itacen kafin cin abinci.

Kamar yadda kake gani, ana iya ba da irin wannan abincin a lokacin bazara da kuma a lokacin sanyi.

Awaki suna son sabo kayan lambu

Productionara samar da madara tare da daidaitaccen abinci

Abubuwan abincin da ke hana samar da madara suma suna girma a cikin ciyawar. Celandine, milestone, tsikutu, lily na kwari ba za a iya kira shi da amfani ba. Tsarin bishiyoyi masu kyau suna da lahani ga awaki. Musamman shuka mai haɗarin gaske.

Akwai ra'ayoyin da filin kwastomomi ke shafar raguwar yawan madara, don haka makiyaya ba sa bada shawarar ciyar da firam fure tare da gadajen fure.

Tsirrai masu nono sune katako, caraway, chamomile, wormwood, oregano, da yarrow. Wadannan ganyayyaki suna girma ko'ina, galibi suna samar da furanni masu ƙanshi. Suna da mahimmanci ga dabbobi ba kawai a lokacin rani ba har ma a cikin hunturu: makiyaya suna girbi tsire-tsire tare da tsintsiya kuma sun rataye su a kan makiyaya mai sanyi a cikin yanayin sanyi. Wannan shine yadda za a ciyar da akuya don haka akwai madara.

Ciyarwa da bushewa

Abincin abinci mai mahimmanci ba lallai ba ne don bayarwa kawai a cikin hunturu - tsarin su yana taimakawa haɓaka metabolism na dabba. Sabili da haka, zaka iya amfani dashi a lokutan dumi.

• hay da catfish - ciyawar ciyayi da gandun daji suna da kyau ga bushewa. Dokar da aka ba da shawarar shine kilogram 2-3 ga kowace dabba,
• tsintsiya - kula da Maple, Birch, poplar Aspen. Domin kwana guda, akuya zata iya cin abinci daga tsintsiya 3 zuwa 5.

Girma na busasshen abinci yana gudana ne a tsakiyar watan Yuli - ciyawar da aka yanka don ciyawa galibi ana adana ta a cikin bunches ko sheƙa. Idan ana so, ana iya yin bayani dalla-dalla kafin a bautar - manoma sun yi imani cewa ta wannan hanyar ana cin abincin sosai ta fuskar tattalin arziki. Hakanan ana tattara tsintsiya daga ƙananan bunches tare da sanduna zuwa 60 santimita tsayi.

Typeaya daga cikin nau'ikan abincin bushe shine hay.

Ciyarwa (ƙare) abinci

Irin wannan abincin dole ne ya kasance a cikin abincin saboda la’akari da kasancewar wasu abubuwa masu amfani a ciki. Amma kuna buƙatar bauta masa daidai don kada ku haifar da matsala da narkewar abinci.

Misali, hatsi, kamar alkama da hatsi, ana iya bayar da shi kawai cikin murƙushe. Masara na buƙatar a ciyar da shi a cikin rabo, in ba haka ba akuya na iya haɓaka kiba.

Cake, feed, bran da kuma abinci an hada su a cikin wannan rukunin - a zuba masu tafashen ruwan sha awa 12 kafin a ciyar. Don samar da abinci da fili, maida hankali ne mai sabani, don cake da abinci - a cikin rabo na 1 ɓangarorin ciyarwa zuwa sassa 3 na ruwa.

Tabbatar a haɗa waɗannan nau'ikan abinci, ƙirƙirar cikakken abincin da aka tanada, cike tare da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na gina jiki.

Lissafi don ciyar da dabbobi ana lasafta gwargwadon abubuwan kamar shekarun su, nauyi, jinsi, lafiyar gaba ɗaya.

Karin bitamin da ma'adinai don ciyar da awaki

Ga wasu ka'idodi na asali:

• manyan awaki suna buƙatar abinci fiye da ƙananan awaki,
• awaki masu kiwo suna buƙatar karin furotin fiye da awaki bushe. Kada ku manta game da alli da phosphorus a cikin abinci,
• Ya kamata a bai wa mahaifa lactating 1.5-2 sau da yawa fiye da sauran - saboda abinci mai awakin awaki, wanda yake cinye har lita shida na madara a rana, shima ya dogara da abincinsu.
• a cikin hunturu, dabbobi suna buƙatar abinci tare da mai mai mai yawa don yiwuwar samun cikakken dumin dumama jikin. A lokacin bazara, ba wa mata ƙarin abinci na furotin domin haɓaka yawan ƙwayar madara da ƙwayar carbohydrate - dabbobi masu ban tsoro suna buƙatar makamashi na dogon tafiya a kan wuraren kiwo.

A matsakaita, kimanin kilogram 360-550 na roughage, kilogiram 400-600 na abinci mai kyau (gami da ganye da tsintsiya), kilo 30-40 na abinci mai kaifi ana cinyewa kowace kai daga garken kowace shekara. Ana karɓar ƙima mafi ƙaranci ga matasa da yara, matsakaicin - don awaki masu girma.

Kula da abincin dabbobi. Idan bunsuru bai cinye abincin da aka kasafta masa ba, sai ya ninka shi. A lokaci guda, bai kamata a ba da izinin barin abinci ba - kiba yayi mummunar illa kan girman madara. Bugu da kari, kiba tayi yawa wanda ba a sonta yayin daukar ciki.

Ciyar da abinci mai gina jiki don Awaki

Misalan kayan abinci don haɓakar yawan madara

Yanayin ajiya da rayuwar shiryayye suna shafar tanadin abubuwan gina jiki. Misali, an fi sanya hay a cikin manyan tarika tare da fadin murabba'in har zuwa 5 a gindi da kuma mita 3 a saman, wanda tsayinsa ya kai mita 8.

Cereals na hygroscopic: kwayoyin daban-daban suna haɓaka hatsi a cikin ƙwayar hatsi tare da babban zafi, suna haifar da lalata. Zazzabi ba shi da mahimmanci ga samfurin da aka adana. Harshen hatsi a cikin yanayin sanyi zai kasance mai inganci.

A yanayin zafi daga +20, sanyaya kai daga cikin kayan rigar yana farawa, kuma wannan tsari yana da wahalar tsayawa. Yana haifar da lalacewar jam'iyar gaba daya, wanda aka jefa a cikin shagon ajiya. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don bushe hatsi kafin a sanya su cikin ajiya, kuma ana buƙatar saka idanu akan yanayin yanayin. Ana ba da taimako mai mahimmanci a cikin wannan ta hanyar zafin jiki da firikwensin zafi.

Misalin Abinci na yau da kullun

Asan da ke ƙasa shine kimanin abincin da ake ci na kowane awaki a cikin lokacin dumi, la'akari da duk ƙa'idodi:

1. Ciyawar ciyawa - kilogram 6, kilo hay, alfalfa hay - kilogram 1, haylage - kilogiram 2.5.
2. Hatsi - kilogram 4, ciyawar ciyawa - kilogram 1.
3. Tafiya a kan makiyaya tare da sabani mai yawa na ciyawa ci, kore hatsi - 4 kilo.
4. Matakan ciyawa a kan tafiya tare da wani sabani da aka ci abinci, hayalfa hay - 1.2 kilo.

Awaki suna son ciyawa

Abincin da ake ci a lokacin sanyi ya ɗan bambanta da na sama:

1. Clover hay - kilogram 2, beets da aka lalata - kilo kilo 2, hatsi ƙasa - kilo kilogram 0.4.
2. Hay ciyawa makiyaya - kilo 2, kabeji forage - kilo 3.
3. Girbi hay daga alfalfa - kilo kilo 1.5, daga ganyayyaki na ganye - kilo kilogiram, amfanin gona na ƙasa da beets - kilogram 0.5.
4. Hay hay - 1 kilogram, ciyawa makiyaya - kilogram 0.5, cakuda karas na ƙasa da hatsi - kilogram 2.5.

Dogaro da damar ku, abincin ana iya canzawa, maye gurbin samfuran da aka ƙayyade tare da wasu, daidai da su.

Awaki sun jure lokacin sanyi

Jadawalin ciyarwa da tsari

Lokacin ciyar da awaki, yana da mahimmanci a bi wani tsarin mulki, ba tare da wannan gazawa ba da raguwa a yawan amfanin madara, lalatawar cikin lafiyar lafiyar dabba zai yiwu. Abincin da aka fi karɓa shine sau 3-4 a rana.

A wannan halin, yakamata lokacin tsakanin ciyar ya zama iri ɗaya ne. Misali, tare da abincin da aka zaɓa guda uku a rana, zaku iya ba da abinci ta wannan hanyar: 6-7 a safiya, tsakar rana, 6-7 a yamma.

Ya kamata a zaɓi abincin da za a zaɓa saboda ana ciyar da abinci mai nauyi da safe da yamma, da maraice - abinci mai sauƙin narkewa.

Kar a manta game da samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha - ana bada shawara cewa ƙa'idar ita ce lita 2.5-4 sau 2 bayan cin abinci. Hakanan ana maraba da samun ruwa kyauta. Yanayin zafin jiki kada ya zama ya zama mai digiri 6 akan Celsius domin kada dabbobin su kama mura, amma basu fi digiri 10 ba. Ruwa mai zafi yana haifar da jaraba, wanda yakan haifar da rashin lafiya a cikin lokacin sanyi.

Juyarwa

Mafi mahimmancin tushen abubuwan gina jiki shine makiyaya. Ciyawa mai laushi ya ƙunshi babban adadin bitamin da furotin. Hakanan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna ƙara narkewar ƙwayar cuta, biyan bukatun yau da kullun na furotin kuma suna taimakawa wajen fitar da abubuwa daga jiki. Daga abinci mai rarrabuwa, ana bambanta mai zuwa.

• Ciyawa. A lokacin rani, wannan shine ɗayan zaɓaɓɓun masu araha don ciyar da awaki, saboda zaka iya fitar da dabbar ta zuwa makiyaya.
• Fi tsiro. Lambu da lambu ba za su iya fitar da, kuma ya fi a kan albarkatu, don haka zai kawo ƙarin fa'idodi. Kabeji mai dacewa, karas, beets, artichoke na Urushalima. Bugu da kari, suna bayar da alli a kaso gwargwado, inda 1 gram na alli ya fadi akan kilo 1 na fi. Wannan bangaren yana taimakawa rage yawan acid din abinci.
• Silo - wani nau'in abinci mai gina jiki mai mahimmanci tare da abun ciki mai kalori, yana dauke da yawancin bitamin da ma'adanai, yana da kyau kamar ciyawa ta kowace hanya. Ana iya ba da kilo kilo 4 na silage kowace rana.
• Kayan lambu. Awaki suna son kayan lambu kuma suna iya cin su daidai da fi. Dankali ake ba shi dafaffen. Idan yana tsabtacewa, an kuma dafa shi kafin a ba dabba. Duk kayan lambu an shafa, adadin su kada ya wuce kilogiram 4 a rana.
• 'Ya'yan itace. Kuna iya bayar da apricots, peach, apples and sauran 'ya'yan itace, amma kafin hakan, suna fitar da tsaba.

A matsayin kari, zaku iya ba awaki sunflower, tunda tsaba na wannan shuka suna da kyakkyawan tasiri wajen samar da madara. Hakanan girma musamman na awaki turnips, comfrey, kabewa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma mai tushe za su yi. Idan akwai nettle ko Dandelions, waxanda suke da wadataccen abinci na bitamin A, lallai ne a haxa su a cikin abincin dabbobi. Nettle ciyar kuma ƙara da madara samar da awaki.

M da bushe

A cikin hunturu, hay shine asalin abinci mafi mahimmanci. Ya kamata akuya ci ciyawa mai kyau wadda ba ta da ƙamshi. Ciyawa mai amfani yana da amfani, ba kawai mai arha bane, har ma ya ƙunshi adadin bitamin. Zai fi kyau idan ya ƙunshi alfalfa ko Clover, waɗanda ke wadata da furotin. Additionalarin ƙarin furotin shine soya. Misalin bushe abinci shine:

Abincin bushe yana iya haɓaka metabolism. Abincin bushe za'a iya girbe a tsakiyar bazara. Ba a ba da tsintsiya sama da biyar kowace rana. Lokacin amfani da tsintsiya, zai fi kyau a mai da hankali kan masu zuwa:

• Birch
• aspen
• itacen oak
• eucalyptus,
• daga tansy,
• linden
• daga tsutsa.

Mai da hankali

Awaki suna buƙatar ma'adanai da yawa, ciyarwa mai ƙarfi na iya taimakawa. Gishiri, phosphorus da alli dole ne su kasance a cikin abinci. Waɗannan dabbobin suna buƙatar bitamin A, D da E. Tabbatar cewa ba da sodium chloride, alli, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium da zinc. Yawancin ciyarwar suna da yawa a cikin ƙwayar kazamar: ciyawa - ƙasa da 0,5%, kayan ƙwari - fiye da 1.2%. Saboda haka, rashi na alli ana lura dashi ne kawai idan an gabatar da tsarin hatsi.

Goat abinci mai gina jiki dole ne ya kasance Abin da aka fi mai da hankali, amma ana buƙata ya ba su tsananin gwargwado, in ba haka ba, dabba na iya haifar da rashin damuwa da sauran matsaloli. Lokacin da manomi ba shi da damar saya hay mai kyau, koyaushe zaka iya ba dabba da ingantaccen hatsi. Ya kamata ya kasance a cikin abincin a cikin abun da ke ciki na 12-16%.

Don haɓaka tsayi da nauyi, manomi dole ne ya samar da abinci mai ƙari. 'Ya'yan hatsi suna ba da carbon da furotin. Masara, hatsin rai, hatsi, sha'ir - da fari, wannan shine makamashi.

Protein galibi shine mafi tsadar kayan abinci a cikin abincin awaki. Yawancin lokaci suna ba da iri ɗaya na auduga, abincin waken soya, alkama da masara. Lokacin da furotin furotin a cikin abincin dabba yake da ƙasa, narkewar carbohydrates yana raguwa, kuma daidai da haka, abincin abinci zai ragu. Icientarancin furotin a cikin abincin ya shafi mummunan ci gaban, fitar da kiwo, haifuwa da juriya daga cuta.

Ba a adana furotin mai ƙarewa a cikin jikin akuya ba, amma an keɓe shi.

Ba za ku iya ba da hatsi mai yawa ba, yana haifar da zubar jini, wanda a wasu yanayi yakan haifar da mutuwar dabba. Don hana hatsi mai wuce gona da iri, ana bayar dashi a cikin adadi kaɗan bayan shan ciyawa ko ƙamshin alfalfa. Ganyayyaki suna ba da kasala musamman, kuna buƙatar yin hankali sosai da masara, saboda yana haifar da kiba. Cake, ci, bran da cakuda abinci dole ne a zuba su da ruwan zãfi kafin a ciyar kuma a bar su kumbura na awa 12. Matsakaicin ruwa ga cake da abinci ya zama 3 sassa na ruwa zuwa wani sashi na abinci, zuwa ragowar ƙari - ba da izini ba.

Ana kirga kudin ciyarwa bisa ga alamu kamar:

Ciyarwar ƙarancin ingancin abinci na iya ƙunsar babban sinadarin zinc, wanda bai dace da raguna ba. Ana buƙatar bitamin ta ɗan akuya a cikin adadi kaɗan. Hakanan ba a dauki bitamin na rukunin B da K da mahimmanci ba. Vitamin C an sanya shi cikin kyallen na jikin mutum a isasshen adadin don biyan bukatun dabba. Koyaya, dabbobi dole ne su sami hasken rana; yana haifar da Vitamin D a cikin fata.

Rashin bitamin D yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa na kalsiyam, bi da bi, a nan gaba - zuwa bayyanar rickets (yanayin da kasusuwa da gidajen abinci na kananan dabbobi ke girma a cikin al'ada).

Lokacin rani

A lokacin rani, farashin abinci yana raguwa yayin da dabbar ke cin ciyawar ciyawa a cikin makiyaya. A rana, mutum ɗaya na iya cinyewa zuwa kilo 8 na kayan kore, wannan adadin ya isa ya sami lita da yawa na madara. Amma idan mai shayarwar yana son ƙarin yawan aiki, to yana buƙatar ciyarwa ta amfani da ciyarwar abinci mai kyau kamar hatsi, lemo, ko ciyarwar fili.

Ga mutum ɗaya a kowace rana, gram 500 na abinci mai ƙari a rana. Tun daga tsakiyar lokacin rani, ana rage adadin ciyawa a cikin makiyaya, bi da bi, kuma girman abincin da aka tattara yana buƙatar ƙara haɓaka. Kuna iya ba da rassan itace, fi na kayan lambu ko sharar abinci.

Ba tare da mahaifa

A yau, ya shahara don ciyar da awaki bisa wucin gadi. Wannan hanyar ta dace da awaki masu yawan kiwo sosai. Yaran da aka haife shi nan da nan bayan an haife su daga mahaifiyarsu, aka sanya su a wani kanto daban kuma ana ciyar da su da madara mai ɗumi ta amfani da kwalban tare da na'urar bugun zuciya. A cikin kwanaki 7 na farko ya kamata su ci abinci mai ruwan launi na musamman. Bayan wannan lokacin, an dakatar da jariran don ciyar da kwalban kuma a tura su madara da aka zuba cikin masu sha. An kara ciyawa mai taushi ga masu ciyarwa.

Har zuwa wata biyu, yaro ɗaya yana karɓar akalla ml 200 a kowane abinci. Ana ciyar da ƙananan awaki aƙalla sau biyar a rana. Sa'an nan a hankali suka fara farawa madara da ruwa, ƙara flaxseed gari da bran. Yawan feedings an rage zuwa sau 4 a rana. Baya ga hadawar madara, ya halatta a ciyar da yaran da ganyen oatmeal din da aka dafa a ruwa tare da karin sukari. Zai zama da amfani a wannan lokacin hada da karas da warwatse da rutabaga, bran da kuma cake ɗin da aka murƙushe a cikin abincin. Samun damar kyauta ya zama mai tsabta, ruwa mai dumi.

Bidiyo game da ciyar da yara yana ƙasa:

Wata daya bayan haihuwar, jariran sun fara sakewa cikin makiyaya. A watanni 7, an koma da dabbobin zuwa yanayin da suke al'ada.

Ciyar da awaki daga farkon watanni na rayuwa

Nan da nan bayan haihuwar, ciyar da jarirai za a iya ba amintar ga awakin-iyayen. Su ne uwaye masu alhakin kuma za a ciyar da jarirai kuma a shayar da su. Koyaya, wannan hanyar tana karɓa idan mahaifa ba mai shayarwa ba ne.Amma ko a wannan yanayin, daga makonni 3 na haihuwa, an gabatar da ƙari na g 5 na gishiri, 5-7 g na alli ko abincin ƙashi a cikin abincin madara.

Idan kana son girma awaki tare da yawan adadin madara, ana amfani da hanyar ciyarwa "ba tare da mahaifa ba". Kodayake yana da matsala, fa'idarsa ita ce manomi na iya yin gyara da abincin. Don haka:

• A shekaru 10, zaka iya ƙara semolina, bran Mash.
• An haɗa akuya mai makonni biyu cakuda madara, gishiri, mai kifi da ƙwai, hay mai taushi ko rassan itace tare da ganye.
• A cikin makonni 3, an gabatar da kabeji, karas, kabewa, abubuwan tattarawa (har zuwa 50 g kowace rana).
• Zuwa wata 1, roughage, mai da hankali da kuma tushen amfanin gona ya kamata a haɗa su cikin abincin.

Babban abu shine sauyawa a cikin abun da ake ci yana faruwa a hankali. Kuma halayen ciyar da awaki koyaushe za'a iya fayyace su ta hanyar tebur na musamman. Da ke ƙasa akwai ɗayan zaɓuɓɓuka don misali.

Tebur na canje-canje a ciyar da yara daga 1 ga watan zuwa na 3

Tare da abinci mai dacewa, dabba har zuwa watanni shida za ta ƙara kilogram 3-5 a cikin kowane wata. Lokacin da aka kai watanni 7-8, an dauki dabba dabbar saurayi kuma yakamata ta karɓi:

• Yana mai da hankali - 200-300 g.
• Hay - 1.5-1.6 kg.
• Tushen Tushen ko silage - 0.8-1 kg.

An ba da wasu ƙa'idodi don ciyar da awaki a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa.

Haylage

Haylage - ciyawar ciyawa daga ganyaye ta yi laushi zuwa kashi 55 cikin ƙasa kuma a ƙasa, ana girbe cikin yanayin anaerobic (ba tare da samun iska ba). An tanadi ƙoshin haylage sakamakon rashin isasshen ruwan da ke cikin busassun tsire-tsire na yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Hay fasaha:

1. Yankawa da murkushe ganye
2. Takin taro mai yawa kamar yawo a cikin yawo, yana rufe su,
3. Zabi na taro daga Rolls, nika, loda a cikin motocin,
4. Ana sanya taro cikin rami, hasumiya, jakunkuna na filastik tare da kayan aikin ta hanyar fasaha,
5. Tsarin taro a cikin gidajen abinci tare da fim na roba.

Goat rage cin abinci bayan haihuwa

Wata muhimmiyar tambaya: "Yaya ake ciyar da akuya bayan rago?". Farmerswararrun manoma sun san yadda ake yin abinci da zaɓi abinci don kada su cutar da inna ko dai nan da nan bayan haihuwa ko a nan gaba. A cikin kwanakin farko bayan yanka, dabbar tana karɓar:

• Hay - 2.5-3 kilogiram a rana.
• Oat ko sha'ir ƙasa - 0.15-0.2 kg.
• Alkama ko oat bran (chatterbox) - 50 g.
• Tushen Tushen (yankakken) - har zuwa kilogiram 0.5.

Zai fi kyau a cire farin kabeji da rutabaga daga cikin abincin don kada a tsokani matsalolin gastrointestinal da bloating

Ciyar da awaki mai kyau da rabon hunturu

Goat abinci yana da bambance-bambancen yanayi. A lokacin rani, dabbobi za su yi kiwo cikin wadataccen ciyawar ciyawar, kuma yadda ake ciyar da dabbobi a cikin hunturu? Abinda ke ciki na abincin hunturu ya hada da:

• Kyakkyawan hay da ciyarwar twig.
• Silo ya zama dole don kula da amfanin gona mai kyau.
• Kayan lambu, ganyayyaki da albarkatu masu tushe suna da wadatuwa a cikin abubuwan da ake binciken abubuwan da bitamin.
• Magungunan abinci da abinci masu guba sun ƙunshi sunadarai, carbohydrates, fats da sauran abubuwan gina jiki.

Spruce yana kashe wadataccen tushen bitamin

Yadda za a ciyar da awaki? Don tsara abincin da kuke buƙatar san cewa:

• M abinci (hay, da sauransu) - suna da mahimmanci don aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin narkewa.
• Silage da albarkatun gona sune ma'adanai, bitamin, sukari.
• Cereals (hatsi) - carbohydrates.
• Legumes sune furotin.

Abincin da ya dace ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata.

Abincin abinci mai gina jiki da kayan ma'adinai don awaki da awaki da masu samar da awaki

Ciyar da akuya madara ya zama ya daidaita daidai yadda ya kamata. Mutane masu shayarwa suna buƙatar karin furotin, wanda ake samu a hatsi da sha'ir. Ba zai zama superfluous don ƙara turnips da samfura a cikin abincin ba, tare da kasancewar phosphorus da alli a cikin abun da ke ciki.

Zabi yadda ake ciyar da akuya don cewa akwai madara, zaku iya wucewa ta wurin abincin ma'adinai. Don dabba, ana buƙatar su da ƙanana kaɗan, amma rashin su na iya haifar da hanyoyin da ba a iya juyawa ba. Haɓaka yawan adadin madara yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga ma'adinai, bitamin da abinci mai gina jiki.

Teburin yana nuna yanayin ma'adinai don awaki tare da yawan kuɗin madara.

Tebur tare da ka'idoji don wadatar da ma'adanai ga awaki masu kiwo

Yawan haɓakar dabbobi ya dogara ne ga maza da ke buƙatar kasancewa kyakkyawa kuma ba “ci kitse” ba. A ranar hawan bukukuwan aure, hatsi duka suka cika abincin masu samarwa: hatsi, alkama, sha'ir, masara da kuma, zai fi dacewa, alfalfa mai girma. Mineralsara ma'adinai koyaushe zai taimaka wajen kiyaye awaki cikin yanayi mai kyau.

Tebur na matakan abinci mai gina jiki don abinci na awaki na talakawa daban-daban da matakan load

Irin wannan nau'in shanu ba ya buƙatar sarari mai yawa don tabbatarwa kuma ba shi da ma'ana a cikin abinci. Bayan koyon abin da ya fi kyau don ciyar da awaki a lokaci daban-daban na rayuwarsu, za ku iya shiga lafiya cikin kiwo, samar da ingantaccen abinci kuma ku sami madara da yawa.

Cuididdige farashin wadata abincin akuya

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don ingancin abincin dabbobi sune dokoki da ƙa'idodi waɗanda samfurin ya cika su.

Goaukar gobies aiki ne mai alhakin gaske. Dole ne a tsara dabarun ciyar da su yadda ya kamata.

Ofaya daga cikin amfanin gona gama gari shine hatsi, amfanin amfanin su wanda ake kimanta su

Lokacin cin abinci na hunturu

Yawan hay a lokacin hunturu mutum daya bashi da tsada. Yadda za a ciyar da awaki a cikin hunturu, zaka iya lissafawa, da sanin cewa ciyarwa mai tsayi tana ɗaukar kilo 2 na hay.

Idan aka bashi sau biyu a rana, yakan juye kilo 4. Wannan adadi dole ne ya ninka yawan kwanakin kulawar turken gini. Idan ya kasance daga kaka zuwa bazara, kusan kwanaki 300 ke nan, ya juya kilogram 1200 na hay don hunturu ga mutum ɗaya.

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa awaki suna cin ƙarin, a matsakaita game da kilogiram 5-6 na busassun ciyawa. Namiji mai samarwa zai buƙaci kilogram 1,500 na hay. Saurin girma kuma yana buƙatar kayan miya: awaki suna cinye kusan kilogiram 1.5 a rana.

Mafi kyawun girbi shine ciyawar ciyawa. A cikin wannan hay za a sami Clover, chamomile, alfalfa, waɗanda suke da dacewa sosai ga abinci mai gina jiki.

Abinci a lokacin rago

Cutar ciki tana shafar gabobin ciki na akuya, musamman manyan canje-canje suna faruwa a cikin rabin na biyu na wannan lokacin. Inganci da yawan abubuwan gina jiki gabanin rago kuma a farkon rabin cin gaban tayi ne daban. A farkon lokacin, bunsuru zai iya ci kamar yadda ya saba.

Bayan watanni biyu na ciki, tayin ya zama babba, ya zauna cikin mahaifa, cin abinci mai yawa ya zama ba zai yuwu ba. Wannan shine babban dalilin da ke haifar da buƙatar canza abincin. Bugu da kari, tayin ya fara girma da sauri, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a hada premixes da aka shirya cikin abincin. Abincin abinci mai kyau na mahaifa shine mafi kyawun rarrabuwa don:

• mutane da suka mutu
• milking mutane.

Kungiya ta farko za ta iya karɓar nau'ikan ciyarwar a rabin kashi na biyu na ciki (mutum ɗaya, abinci a rana):

• gauraye hay - 2 kilogiram
• fili abinci - 0.3 kg,
• tushen albarkatu - 0.5 kilogiram,
• tsintsiya - 0.3 kg.

Abincin ɗan akuya mai ciki wanda ya dogara da kai guda ɗaya kowace rana:

• ciyawa ko ciyawa hay - 0.4 kg,
• wake wake - 0.4 kg,
• sha'ir bambaro - 0.3 kg,
• masara silage - 2 kg,
• hatsi - 0.2 kilogiram
• abinci - 0.2 kilogiram
• farashi na bitamin - 0.1 kg.

Don shirya milking mutum, abun ciki na furotin da kuma carbohydrate abinci ya kamata a hankali hankali. Misali, an fi mayar da hankali da ciyawa ta hanyar gram 200. Zai fi kyau cire abinci da kuma firam na bitamin gaba ɗaya daga abincin, tunda suna da halaye masu kama da madara.

Sau nawa ne don ciyar da akuya lokacin da aka rage abincin? Lokaci na ciyarwa ya kamata ya kasance iri guda - sau 2 a rana.

Ba a da shawarar awaki masu ciki ba, kamar 'ya'yan itaciya mai tushe. Dankali mai dankali da karas da ke cikin abinci na iya haifar da kumburi.

Kwana kafin ranar ragon, mahaifa gaba daya ya ki abinci.

Girbi da adana abinci

A cikin lissafin yankin don ciyar da awaki, alamomi kamar:

• jimlar abinci a kan kowane mutane,
• yawan kwanakin tafiya.

Masu sana'a suna ƙayyade ingantaccen bayanai ta amfani da ingantattun hanyoyin.Suna yin la'akari:

• duka bukatar awaki a cikin ciyar - K,
• kudi na ciyar da kowane mutum a rana shine A,
• makiyaya tsawon kiwo - C.

Idan kuka ɗauki C daidai da kwana 200, adadin ciyarwa shine kilogiram 2 na ciyawa kowace rana, buƙatar zata zama kilogiram 400: K = 2 * 200.

Matsakaicin darajar abinci mai kyau na ciyawar ciyawa shine raka'a guda 18. Idan 18 * 400, to, 7,200 kilogiram na kore taro ana buƙatar kowace shugaban don duk lokacin tafiya.

Ana lasafta yankin makiyaya don wadataccen adadin girbin kamar haka: 400/7 200 = 0.06 ha ya isa ga akuya don shuka tsiro.

Kimanin abun da ke ciki na ciyarwa don girma a gida ya bambanta. Yadda za a ciyar da akuya daga jihar makiyaya suke tafiya a kanta.

An yi imani da cewa su masu hankali ne, saboda haka su da kansu za su wuce gona da iri mai daɗin kansu. Koyaya, a farkon lokacin kiwo, masu fama da ƙarancin artiodactyls na iya cin komai a jere, saboda haka, kwararru suna ba da shawara a farkon lokacin da za su yi tafiya da awaki a ƙarƙashin kulawa da kuma wuraren kiwo.

Don bangarorin da ba chernozem ana amfani da nau'ikan waɗannan masu zuwa:

• shinge
• kashi biyu
• bonfire
• foxtail makiyaya,
• bluegrass da fadama mai ciyawa,
• ryegrass
• amurka da alkama
• Clover Creeping
• shuka da sikila.

A cikin yankin chernozem, ana iya amfani da ƙarin ganye, gami da Legumes na takin, kabeji mai cin ciyawa, da ciyawar hatsi. Nemi mafi bambancin abincin don ciyar da awaki.

Ruwan shan ruwa

Shan giya muhimmin bangare ne na abinci, duk da cewa ba shi da darajar abinci. Sau da yawa, awaki masu shayarwa suna da matsalar shan dabbobi - sun ƙi sha. Masana sun ba da shawara su koyar da awaki su sha abin da suke so. Misali, kamshin dajin daji yayi dadi ga dabbobi. Saboda haka, awaki za su amfana daga shan shayi mai ƙanshi.

Hakanan akwai buƙatu don ingancin ruwa ga yara: an shawarce su da su ba kawai infusions na ganye ba, har ma da kwamfutoci. Thean itacen ɓaure, baƙaƙan orange, bawon dankalin turawa - komai ya dace da abin sha na akuya mai ban sha'awa.

Af, awaki, awaki, bisa ga ra’ayin gogaggen shayarwa, kada ku ƙi ruwa mai zafi a kan gungumen hayaƙi. Maza musamman girmama warin bishiyoyi.

Dole ne a lura da buƙatun don yawan zafin jiki na ruwan sha musamman a cikin hunturu. Goat shayi kada yayi sanyi sama da digiri 45. Dabbobi kawai sun ƙi shan ruwan kankara.

Yawan shan giya yana da alaƙa da yanayin dabbobi kansu. Wani yana buƙatar ɗan sha sau ɗaya a rana, wasu mutane suna sha kadan kaɗan, amma sau da yawa - sau 3-4. Ka'idojin ya ƙunshi hanyoyi biyu-biyu tare da lita 5-6 na ruwa kowace rana ga mutum ɗaya.

Karin Abinci mai gina jiki

Sakamakon rashi na bitamin a cikin awaki yana faruwa a cikin bazara, lokacin da jikin dabbar ya ciyar da mafi yawan ajiyar ajiyar cikin ta. Misali, karancin bitamin A ya nuna:

• rage kiwo
• haihuwar yara masu rauni
• tsagewa.

Bitamin gungun D, ​​E suna da mahimmanci. Don dalilai na warkewa, ana ba da man kifi - 45 ml ga kowane dabba.

Alamun karancin bitamin da ma'adanai sun bayyana musamman a cikin yara. Wata cuta ta gama gari ga yara dabbobi masu karɓar abinci wanda ba shi da kyau a cikin bitamin da ma'adanai shine keɓe. Dabbobin marasa lafiya ba sa motsawa da yawa, suna fama da zawo, baya a ci gaba. Ralarin abincin ma'adinai mai mahimmanci ga yara:

Misalan sauran kayan abinci masu karfi da yadda za'a ciyar da akuya yakamata a bincika tare da likitan dabbobi. Kuna iya la'akari da shirye-shiryen sayan kuɗi na farko-farko. Misali, zabi daga wadannan nau'ikan:

• gargadi kari
• ciki har da bitamin da ma'adanai,
• Mai sarrafawa
• bitamin, warkewa sakamako.

Firayim ya haɗa da mahimman kayan aikin da dole ne su kasance cikin wadatar abinci da awaki.

Baya ga abincin bitamin, abin da aka shirya ciyawar daji dole ne ya kasance cikin abincin dabbobi. Yawancin lokaci suna buƙatar ɗan kaɗan, saboda haka yana da kyawawa don haɓaka abubuwan haɗa bayanai.A matsayinka na mai mulkin, twigs ya dace wa blanks:

Masu ɗaukar inganci na tsintsiya za su kasance:

• Heather ganye:
• nettle ganye
• ciyawar ganye
• murhu.

Ana adana tsintsiya madaidaiciya a cikin duhu, iska mai rufi, an rufe ta. Kafin bayar da magani, an cire igiyoyi da alaƙa daga dam. Ciyar da akuya a gida aiki ne mai sauƙi, don haka ya dace wa manoma fara.

Hunturu

Hay shine babban abincin dabbar a lokacin hunturu. Duk da tsarinta na rashin sa'a, awaki suna matukar son busasshiyar ciyawa, bugu da itsari, darajar kayan abincirsa ba ta dacewa da sauran ciyarwa. Wani lokaci zaka iya ba da siket, amma akwai ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki a ciki. Ingancin abinci yana da mahimmanci ga al'amuran aikin dabba. Mafi hay - an yi shi ne daga nau'ikan ganye.

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin abincin hunturu na iya haɗawa da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, tsabtatawa, silage. Duk wannan magani ne na gaske wanda kowane ɗan akuya zai yi amfani da shi da babban jin daɗi, amma da farko ya cancanci a wanke shi da yankan babban dabbar. An ba shi izinin samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu bushe, waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin hunturu azaman abinci.

Teataccen ciyawa kamar dankalin turawa da sauran peelings ana bada shawarar a tafasa tare da ciyarwar fili.

Yanayin yau da kullun

Idan ba ku kiyaye ka'idodin yau da kullun ba kuma ba ku ciyar da dabbar daidai ba, to zaku iya haɗuwa da kumburi ko kiba. Kowane karkacewa yana haifar da raguwa ba kawai a cikin adadi ba har ma da ingancin madara. Zai fi kyau yin la’akari da abin da ke cikin abincin yau da kullun na abinci don ɗan akuya, don haka ya zama mai daidaita da amfani kamar yadda zai yiwu. A lokacin rani, dole ne a ƙara kari a cikin abincin. Kowane mutum ana ba giram 20 na gishiri, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da iodized, amma zaka iya amfani da dafa abinci mai sauƙi. Ana buƙatar buƙatar alli da cin abincin kashi a cikin adadin gram 12.

Wani ɗan akuya da safe ya kamata ya ci abinci fili, a baya soaked, kuma bayan milking za a fitar da shi don makiyaya. Abincin maraice yana kunshe da haɗi da abinci mai ban sha'awa, alal misali, karas da ganyen kabeji. Kafin zuwa gado, zaku iya ba da karamin bunch of hay. Gabaɗaya, zuwayawan abinci a rana ya zama 2 kilogiram na akuya, 2.5 kilogiram na akuya, 800 g na ɗan akuya. Dole ruwa koyaushe ya kasance cikin dabba.

A cikin hunturu, abincin yana ɗan ƙara girma, tun da dabba tana buƙatar ɗan ƙara ƙarfi don kiyaye zafi. Babban akuya ɗan akuya yakamata ya cinye har zuwa kilogram 2.2 na abinci, akuya - 3 kilogiram, ƙaramin - 1 kg. Idan hay bai isa ba, zaku iya maye gurbin karamin adadin a cikin hunturu tare da tsintsiya. Tare da wannan duka, dole ne a ba ciyawa bushe aƙalla 1 kg a rana.

Idan muka kwatanta darajar abinci na waɗannan samfuran, a cikin kilogiram 2 na tsintsiya yana daidai da in 1 kilogiram na hay.

Ba duk masu shayarwa sun san cewa bushewar fure wani zaɓi ne na tsintsiya. Ana amfani dashi azaman gado kuma, a lokaci guda, ciyar. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da harbe-harben tsirrai ko huda. Dabbobin kiwo zasu iya ci har 1 kg na abinci a rana, maye gurbin masana'anta an yarda dashi tare da cakuda hatsi na ƙasa da legumes. Dabba na iya karɓar bitamin daga kwayoyi kamar su Trivit ko Tetravit.

Ana iya yin lissafi mai da hankali akan adadin da kowacce kai (ga kowane akuya 300 g da lita na madara da aka samar). Kuna iya daidaita adadin kayan maye gwargwadon nauyin dabba, gwargwadon gwargwadon yawan madara da ake so.

Zai yuwu a kara adadin abincin da aka cinye har sai an lura da hauhawar darajar madara.

Ciyar da awaki masu juna biyu

Ya kamata a ba da ɗan akuya tare da samfuran kayan abinci tare da aidin, bitamin, ba alli. Ainihin dokokin da dole ne a kiyaye:

• Dole ne mai gona ya kula da kyakkyawan yanayin jikin kowane mutum a cikin garken dabbobin domin kada dabbar ta yi asara kuma kada ta yi kiba.
• Ya kamata a adana abinci a cikin amintaccen wuri, busasshe,
• mafi mahimmancin abinci shine mai kyau hay,
• abinci mai-girma kore, bitamin, fi mai da hankali, ma'adanai kuma, gabaɗaya, daidaitaccen abinci - maɓallin nasara,
• kowane canji a abinci ya zama mai hankali,
• Ana buƙatar tsabtataccen ruwan sha,

Yayin cikin ciki, musamman ma a matakai na gaba, awaki ba za su iya cin abinci mai yawa ba, don haka yakamata ya kasance mafi yawan kuzari. Tsarin alkama da furotin suna da yawa, kuma zuwa ɗan ƙaramin girman alkama. Rashin abinci mai gina jiki yayin ƙarshen cikin ciki shima yana haifar da ƙananan rauni ga yara, farkon mutuwa, musamman tare da tagwaye ko sau uku.

Bayan haihuwa, za'a kula da ma'aunin abinci sosai, tunda dole ne dabba ta mayar da lafiyar ta da tsarin haihuwa.

An lasafta abin da ya saba don tumakin ba ya yin nauyi, amma yana kashe adadin kuzari da aka karɓa don samar da madara mai inganci.

Menu don kara yawan amfanin madara

Don samun ƙarin madara, abinci ya zama mai laushi. A lokacin bazara, samar da irin wannan abincin yana da sauki, tunda akwai wadataccen ciyayi. Sai bayan kumburin kumburi ya rage, zai iya yiwuwa a gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin abinci.

A cikin hunturu, yawancin abincin ya kamata ya zama abincin bushe, wanda ke da ƙarin furotin. Idan abincin yana da oats, turnips, sha'ir da kuma turnips, to ingancin ƙwayar madara zai inganta sosai. Brewararrun masu shayarwa sun ba da shawarar ƙara probiotics wanda zai iya haɓaka lactation da kashi 20%. Mafi kyawun su sune Monosporin da Bacell-M. A wannan yanayin, dabba yakamata ya sami ruwa mai tsabta kewaye da agogo.

Me yakamata a bai wa dabbobi?

Awaki dabbobi ne da suke son cin ciyawa, haushi, saboda haka suna nuna sha'awa cikin takarda, wanda hakan ke cutar da lafiyar su. Lokacin da waje kiwo dabba, za a buƙaci mai matuƙar taƙaitawa ga damar datti. Awaki dabbobi ne masu iko, za su iya ci da yawa, tare da kulawa ta musamman ya cancanci a ba su abinci da abinci. Theataccen taro na waɗannan abubuwan haɗin ya zama bai wuce 30% na yawan abincin yau da kullun ba.

Fkere mackerel da aka soya shine mafi yawan lokuta cututtukan cututtukan hanta, shine dalilin da yasa ake amfani dashi a cikin ƙarancin adadin. Masara na iya haifar da kiba, ana ba shi da kulawa sosai cikin ƙayyadaddun sarrafawa. Amma ga kabeji - wani lokacin yakan haifar da zubar jini.

Duba yadda ake ciyar da akuya a bidiyo ta gaba.

Yadda za a shirya hay don hunturu?

Lokacin girbin ciyawar ciyawa, manomi dole yayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa yawan danshi a cikin tsire-tsire yana raguwa, kuma a maimakon 90% ya zama 15% na abincin. Abubuwan da ke cikin abinci mai kyau suma sun yi asara. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole a kusanci sosai game da tsarin bushewa, sufuri da ajiyar samfurin.

Yanke ciyawa da aka yanyanka yana bushe ta hanyoyi da yawa:

• Na halitta. Bar don ɗan lokaci a cikin sabon iska a rana, mai tsabta lokacin da ciyawa ta bushe.
• Wucin gadi. Ana amfani da murhu, microwave, ko na'urar bushewa ta lantarki don wannan hanyar.
• Samun iska mai aiki. Tsire tsire-tsire kuma an barsu cikin haɓaka har sai yawan danshi ya ragu zuwa 40-45%. Don saurin bushewa ciyawa, ya lalace yayin hawa. Daga nan sai su dauke shi a cikin wasu abubuwa kuma suka dauke shi a wani wuri don bushewa. An ba shi izinin yin wannan a ƙarƙashin rumfa, a cikin garkuna ko wasu ɗakuna inda akwai magoya baya masu ƙarfi.
• Na halitta tare da turare. Nisantar son rai don ajiya yana ƙaddara ta ƙaramin, damƙar hay. Idan tayi tsintsiya, baba-baba, danshi ba ya bayyana akan fashewar tushe, dumin jikinta yayi yawa. Idan mai tushe bai fashe ba kuma danshi yana bayyana a wurin jujjuyawa, yanayin zafi ya wuce 23% kuma ya wajaba don bushe shi. Don yin wannan, ana fitar da hay a rana ko an shigar da magoya baya.

Manoma galibi suna kan yanayin yanayi ne, la'akari da yawan zafin jiki da gumi, hazo.

Hay a ko da yaushe bushewa sosai idan matakin zafi ƙasa da 25%, in ba haka ba samfurin ba zai iya rasa kyawawan kaddarorin ba, amma kuma za a fara lalacewa. Irin wannan yanayin yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa fungi da mold sun fara yadawa sosai. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci kada ku sha overdry hay, tunda yawancin sassan abinci mai gina jiki, shine, fure da ganye, na iya lalacewa yayin tattarawa da sufuri.

Yana da mafi kyau don tattara hay daga Legumes na takin (alfalfa, Clover, Peas, sainfoin) a lokacin lokacin budadden aiki. Irin wannan nau'in abincin ya zama dole ga dabbobi a cikin hunturu, saboda ya ƙunshi furotin. Awaki madara suna da matukar buƙatar irin wannan ciyarwar. Yana da kyau a tattara hay daga hatsi (hatsi, fescue, alkama) bayan sakin kunnuwa.

Ciyawa yana buƙatar yin motsi da asuba har zuwa 6 na safe, saboda a wannan lokacin tsire-tsire suna cike da carotene sosai. Yawo ciyawa ana yin sati daya a sati.

Me ba za a iya ciyar da shi ba?

Ciyar da awaki tare da kayayyaki masu ƙarancin inganci na iya haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin madara, kuma yana iya haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka, galibi wannan yana haifar da mutuwa.

An haramta sosai don ciyar da dabbobi da irin waɗannan samfuran:

• dankali kore daga rana
• hatsi wanda kwari suka yi rauni
• ruɓaɓɓen ko ɓatattun 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, hay,
• stale ko ɓace silo.

Ciyar da awaki ya kamata ya bambanta, daidaita, mai gina jiki. Productionarin samar da madara da lafiyar dabbobi sun dogara da ciyar da abinci a cikin rabo na al'ada. Idan manomi ya bi ƙa'idodi na asali, kiwon dabbobi zai zama aiki mai sauƙi a gare shi.

Tushen amfanin gona

Shiri don ciyar ya ƙunshi rarrabe tushen tubers, cire ɓatattun, share su daga ƙasa kuma, idan ya cancanta, wanke su. Bayan an wanke, an lalata tushen amfanin gona ko kuma ciyar da shi gabaɗaya. 'Ya'yan itaciya masu tushe waɗanda aka gauraye sun haɗu da silo, yankan bambaro, da fi mai da hankali. Tushen Tushen ya kamata a murƙushe shi nan da nan kafin ciyarwa kuma babu gida ɗaya lokacin bazara, kamar yadda suke cikin wannan hanyar da sauri suna lalata, baƙi, rasa ruwan 'ya'yan itace

Rutabaga kafin ciyarwa saboda tsananin dandano shine steamed, ana iya bayar da karas tare da fiɗa duka ko daga nau'in da aka murƙushe. Bayan tsabtacewa daga ƙasa da kuma wanka mai zuwa, ana ciyar da fodder da sukari beets ga dabba a cikin tsari, duka duka tushen kuma a cikin yanke. Yankan yankan shine 0.5-1 cm. Ba'a ba da shawarar adana yankan beets sama da awanni 2-3, saboda yana duhu, dabbobi basa cinye shi, kuma yana asara kayan abinci mai gina jiki. Boiled sukari da fodder beets kada kwantar da hankali na dogon lokaci, tun da nitrates da nitrites na iya kafawa, wanda ke haifar da guba dabbobi.

• Abincin Abinci mai Sauri
• Babban abun ciki na sitaci (tapioca) ko mai sauƙin sugars (sugar beets), wanda ake saurin saurin magana (fermented) a cikin rumen.
• Sun ƙunshi babban adadin ruwa (80%), wanda tare da babban amfani zai iya iyakance yawan cin abinci.
• Inarancin furotin (Bambaro

Abincin da ya ƙunshi bambaro na hatsi, yawanci mara kyau, ƙanƙara a cikin furotin da ma'adanai, amma yana cikin firam mai arziki na lignin Daga cikin kowane hatsi, ciyawar hatsi mafi kyau ana tunawa, sannan bambaro sha'ir, kuma alkama alkama suna cikin ƙarshe. Goatsan akuya masu juna biyu waɗanda ba sa ba madara za a iya ciyar da su da alkama na alkama, amma a lokaci guda suna ƙara hay mai kyau ga abincin, ko kuma ƙari tare da wadataccen furotin na 30% zuwa 40%. Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar karin ma'adinan phosphoric.

Masara, alkama, sha'ir, hatsin rai, hatsi da shinkafa sune asalin tushen ciyawa, duk da haka, a ƙasarmu, ana amfani da sha'ir da alkama alkama don ciyarwa. Oat bambaro ne wanda ake fin so a ciyar, amma saboda da ƙara girma na samar da hatsi, da yawa daga wannan bambaro yana mai iyaka.Gabaɗaya, bambaro kada yayi sama da 5-10% na yawan abincin.

Sankalin sukari

Ruwan sukari shine ragowar filaye bayan hakar injuna (hakar) sukari daga rake. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da daskararren sukari a cikin masana'antu a matsayin mai. Abinci ne mai ƙarancin inganci tare da babban abun ciki na fiber wanda babu makawa. Koyaya, ana iya amfani da wannan samfurin a matsayin babban tushen roughage a cikin abincin akuya. Ulangaren litattafan almara na da iko don ɗaukar babban adadin gilashin abinci. Tare da wannan haɗin, halayen da aka yarda da abincin syrup kada ya wuce 25%, in ba haka ba dabba ta fara zawo.

Fi tsiro

Firam ɗin gwoza wanda aka girbe yana ciyar da dabbobi, farawa tare da ƙaramin adadin gauraye da wasu ciyarwa. Babban abun ciki na sinadarin oxalic lokacin da sauya sheka zuwa wannan abinci ko babban dachas zai iya haifar da narkewa a cikin dabbobi.

Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa na sukari da abincin beets yawanci suna kan filin, amma ana iya amfani dasu azaman fodder. Amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen na wadannan albarkatun gona na iya haifar da tara sinadarin nitrogen a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda hakan ke sanya su guba ga awaki. Bugu da kari, nitrates yana dauke da sinadarin oxalic acid mai yawan gaske, wanda yake daure sinadarin kazantar wanda hakan yasa ba zai iya yiwuwa ga dabbobi.

Duk da gaskiyar cewa bangare na gwoza yana da, idan aka kwatanta da ragowar wasu albarkatu, ƙarancin fiber da yawan furotin, abinci ne mara kyau. Lokacin girbi, ɓangaren m na beets yana da sauƙin gurbata da ƙasa.

Silage shine mafi arha kuma mafi arha hanya don kiyaye fi. Koyaya, samun ingantaccen silage daga firam ɗin gwoza zai yuwu ne kawai tare da yin riko da fasahar. Fiye ya kamata a silted nan da nan bayan girbi. Silage da aka shirya daga sassan jikin m na beets na iya haifar da zawo mai guba a cikin dabbobi idan ganyen baiyi sag kafin wannan (bushewar ke da wuya saboda yanayin yanayi). Ana ba da shawarar irin wannan abincin don a yi amfani da shi a cikin adadi kaɗan kuma kawai a cikin mawuyacin yanayi yayin da ba a samun wadatattun abinci.

Wadanne abinci ya kamata a iyakance?

Kodayake an ɗauki awaki ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da suka fi hikima, suna iya cin abinci mai guba. Ana iya ba da wasu abinci a cikin adadi kaɗan:

• celandine - ya ƙunshi alkoloids, ana ɗaukar tsire mai guba, har ma sanannu ne na sanyin guba. Amma a cikin karamin abu ana amfani dashi azaman magani don magance cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. A kowane hali, kuna buƙatar ko dai cire shi gaba ɗaya daga abincin, ko zaku iya bayar da akuya celandine a cikin ɗan ƙaramin abu, a matsayin maganin anthelmintic,
• berries da sauran samfurori dauke da adadin sukari mai yawa - sanadi na haifar da haushi da narkewar fitsari, narkewar ya rikice,
• ya kamata a ba da rassan ceri tsuntsu kawai a cikin nau'i na tsintsiya tare da sauran bishiyoyi, wadatar abinci na yau da kullun bai wuce 400 grams ba,
• lemu, jimimai, tangerines, ayaba da peels na waɗannan da sauran 'ya'yan itacen marmari ba haɗari ga awaki, amma tunda wannan samfurin bai saba da ƙungiyar dabba ba, ya kamata a ba (koda zai yiwu) a cikin kaɗan kaɗan,
• ciyawa mai ciyawa, ciyawar, alfalfa, Clover, sainfoin, kabeji da ganyayyaki gwoza, mowed, ciyawa mai bushe ana sauƙaƙe fermented kuma idan aka ci abinci mai yawa yana haifar da tympanum,
• gari, ingantaccen hatsi, kullu - waɗannan ciyarwa suna ƙara haɓakar microflora na cicatricial, wanda ke haifar da kumburi tympanum.

Rashin fahimta shine haramcin ciyar da awaki da iri na sunflower. Dabbobi suna cin abinci da sauƙi, wanda ke ƙunshe da wannan kwasfa a adadi mai yawa. A lokacin da ciyar da tsaba, ya kamata ka zama mafi tsoron tsoron mai mai yawa - overfed da kiba mai yawa ki rage yawan aiki.

Guba zai iya zama ba kawai daji-girma, amma kuma sanannu ne a gare mu da al'adun shuke-shuke - gero, masara, Sudan ciyawa, buckwheat, beets, masara, da dai sauransu Wadannan tsire-tsire ya kamata a rarrabe a matsayin sharadi sharadi, tunda suna iya tara yawancin abubuwa mai guba kawai a ƙarƙashin wasu. yanayi. Guba ba kawai ganye ne da tsire-tsire masu girma ba, har ma da wasu tsirrai da bishiyoyi.

Ciyarwa mai haɗari da haɗari

Mafi yawancin ɓangaren abincin guba na dabbobi yana faruwa ne ta tsirrai masu guba da aka samo a cikin ciyawa da ciyawa. Saboda haka, ya zama dole a san jinsunan tsirrai masu guba da ke girma a yankuna daban-daban, wuraren haɓakarsu, da gubobi suna aiki a cikinsu, yanayin samuwar da tarin abubuwa, da kuma fassarar abubuwan guba a sassan tsirrai.

Ciyarwa mai kyau na iya haifar da katange littafin. Ciyar da abinci a cikin babban chaff, gurbatattun hatsi ba a yarda da su ba. Hakanan yana toshe sandar da za a ci daga zuriyar dabbobi, ƙasa da yashi lokacin da aka toshe abincin.

• Lupine mai guba a cikin hay, ya ƙunshi alkaloids. A cikin awaki, yana haifar da kumburi da cuta ga aikin haihuwa. Lupine yana zaune naman naman daji wanda ke haifar da mycotoxins wanda ke lalata hanta. Mutuwa ta fito ne daga kumburin numfashi,
• Fern mai guba ne a duka matakai na ci gaba kuma a cikin ciyawa. Enzyme na nitaminase shine mai adawa da bitamin B1 a cikin fern, yana tarawa a cikin jiki, yana haifar da ƙarancin thiamine a cikin doki, sakamakon hakan akwai matsaloli game da daidaituwa da motsa jiki, ci gaba da haɓaka jikin mutum yana raguwa. Mutuwa na faruwa ne sakamakon zubar jini,
• Chemeritsa ya ƙunshi alkaloids veratin, protovetrin A da B, neurin, da sauransu A Yawan mai guba na 400 g. Yana shafar tsarin juyayi. Mutuwa na faruwa ne sakamakon cutar hanji. Mai guba a cikin hay.

'Ya'yan dankalin Turawa da aka yayyafa da kore kore sun ƙunshi glucoalkaloid solanine. Ba za a ba da awaki raw dankali da launin fata ba. Hakanan haɗari ne ruwa wanda aka dafa dankalin. Solanine kuma ana samunsa acikin sabo mai dankalin turawa. Ana iya ciyar dashi kawai a cikin silage a cakuda tare da wasu tsire-tsire.

Cutar narkewa:

• Cirsium (aster) - ganye da inflorescences an rufe shi da kashin baya waɗanda ke lalata ƙwayoyin mucous na bakin ciki da na hanji.
• Bristles (hatsi na shekara-shekara) - an rufe spikelet tare da dogon gashi wanda ya zama bezoars a cikin akuya,
• Tyrsa, ciyawar gashin tsuntsaye (hatsi) - dogayen bakin ciki na lalata garkuwar mucous da fata,
• Trailer (laima) - 'ya'yan itacen an rufe shi da ƙaya, sau da yawa clogs hatsi abinci, haifar da rauni ga gastrointestinal mucosa.

Abincin flaxseed yana dauke da linamarine glucoside. Ana iya ciyar da oilcake a bushe kawai, tunda kayan sunadarai suna bayyana yayin haɗuwa da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Kankara mai na ɓoye (mustard, rapeseed, colza, kamalina) suna ɗauke da lahani mai cutarwa - man mustard. Wadannan gurasar ana ciyar da su kawai zuwa awaki na manya, ba fiye da 0.5-1 kg a kowace rana ba a cikin bushe bushe. Ana iya ba da yaran a cikin mai magana da ke da dafaffen lokacin da ƙanshin mustard ya ɓace.

Hemp cake ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu cutarwa waɗanda ke haifar da colic, zawo, da zubar da ciki. Kuna iya ciyar dashi sama da kilogiram 2.5 a rana. Bai kamata a ba ɗan akuya da awaki da awaki masu ciki ba.

Damageazar tsire-tsire masu lalacewa

Abubuwan alkama na hatsi sau da yawa suna fama da cututtukan fungal. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan cututtukan an ɓace. Rye ne mafi yawanci ana shafawa, kuma a cikin shekarun rigar ana bayyana shi sosai har zuwa alkama, sha'ir, hatsi, gero, timothy, fescue da sauran ciyawar hatsi. An bayyana karfin mai karfi na hatsin rai zuwa ergot ta hanyar tsawon lokacin furanni da sifofi na kayan furanni, wadanda ke haye da tsattsauran ra'ayi, kuma suna budewa na dogon lokaci.

Tare da shan kashi na ergam kunnen na hatsin rai a lokacin da suke ripening, a maimakon hatsi, sclerotia na naman gwari (kaho) na oblong siffan ake kafa.A cikin ƙwayar hatsi, ana samun ergot a cikin nau'ikan elongated ƙaho na launin farar-violet, yana da tsawon 240 mm da kauri daga 3-5 mm. Don magance lalacewar albarkatun hatsin hunturu, da kuma sauran albarkatun hatsi, Ya wajaba don amfani da tsarin waɗannan matakan agrotechlete masu zuwa:

• cikakken tsabtace hatsin hatsin rai da sauran kayan amfanin alkama daga kakunan kwari akan injunan tsabtace hatsi,
• lokaci (kafin fure) mowing ciyawar hatsi tare da iyakokin filin, hanyoyi, gefuna, kwari,
• gudanar da gwajin amfanin gona domin kafa kauna da rafkanan yanar gizo masu inganci,
• girbin lokaci na hatsi tare da tsabtatawa na farko na gefuna gefen, inda, a matsayinka na mai mulkin, tsire-tsire sun fi fama da ɓarna,
• ciyawa mai kaifi da kuma rami mai zurfi na kaka, wanda ke samar da sikirin da zai zurfafa don magance tsiron,
• juyar da amfanin gona, tare da dawowar hatsi da aka lalata ta hanyar ɓarna, ba a baya ba bayan shekaru 2.
• sinadaran lura da hatsin rai tsaba ta amfani da fungicides,
• da amfani da iri dake tsayayya wa cutar kamuwa da cuta.

Cutar da madara

Ingancin madara yana wahala lokacin da aka ciyar da shi ga akuya:

• tsintsiya, yana sanya madara mai ɗaci idan kun bai wa akuya sama da rassa biyu a rana. A lokaci guda, itaciya ce mai amfani wacce take da tasirin antiparasitic kuma tana inganta narkewa,
• celandine - ɗanɗano mai daci yana bayyana, launin shuɗi mai launin rawaya, yawan nono yana raguwa. Kuna iya ba da akuya celandine a cikin adadi kaɗan - wannan inji ne mai haɗari wanda za'a iya amfani dashi kawai don dalilai na magani,
• beets sugar, lokacin da aka ciyar da fiye da 1.5-2 kilogiram a rana, da mummunar rinjayar kitsen abun ciki da kuma acidity na madara, ya zama ba zai yiwu ba a shirya kayan madara mai gishiri,
• kabeji, ganyen kabeji - rage yawan kitse na madara,
• babban adadin silage (sama da kilogiram 3) yana haifar da raguwa cikin yawan adadin furotin da mai,
• saboda zobo, madara na awaki yana ɗaukar ɗanɗano mai ɗaci,
• tafarnuwa yana ba da takamaiman (warin tafarnuwa), kuma dandano madara yayi daci,
• tsirrai daga tsaran halittar Anemone da Marena yayin da suke ciyar da awaki suna ba madara ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda,
• horsetail da tafarnuwa daji (tafarnuwa na daji) suna ba madara ɗanɗano mai ɗaci,
• Klopovnik yana ba madara ɗanɗano mara kyau da jan launi,
• sabo ne ganima na chamomile, lokacin da aka bushe, ba ya haifar da mummunan sakamako kuma ana amfani dashi ga yawancin cututtuka,
• marsh marigold - rage yawan amfanin ƙasa madara,
• fyade yana ba madara ɗanɗano da baƙon yaji daɗi,
• tansy tana ganimar madara (tana da ɗaci da daɗin kamshi), kuma adadi yana haifar da guba.

Milk ya sami mafi kyawun warin tsutsa da dandano lokacin da dabbobi suka ci tsutsa a lokacin furanni, lokacin da suke da mafi mahimmancin mai. Ya isa ga akuya ya ci gram 100-200 na ganyen tsutsa na farin (farin tsutsa), don warin da ba shi da kyau ya bayyana a cikin madara. Iri guda ake lura yayin cin ragweed. Haushi da madara shima ana ba shi ta hanyar fure mai bushewa - a cikin kore da kuma a hay, dais, yarrow (bishiyoyi), mantuwa-ba, da sauransu. Milk lokacin da awaki ke cin koren kore na radish, rapeseed, rutabaga, yarn filin sai an bambanta shi da ɗanɗano na musamman.

Fodder tsire-tsire suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu aiki da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin hormonal wanda ke rushe hanya ta al'ada na sake haihuwa. Irin nau'in su da abubuwan da ke ciki sun dogara da nau'in tsire-tsire. Akwai rukuni huɗu na abubuwa masu aiki waɗanda ke shafar aikin jima'i na awaki:

1. kakarae,
2. maganin rigakafi
3. antigonadotropins,
4. antithyroid abubuwa.

Hormones (aikin thyreostatic) wanda ke cikin ƙwayoyin gicciye suna cutar da aikin ƙwayoyin cuta da glandar thyroid. Tare da babban adadin ciyar da kabeji, canola, mahaukaci a cikin tayin an lura da shi (zubar da ciki, haihuwar yara marasa inganci). Hakanan, kayan abinci tare da babban adadin kabeji yana haifar da raguwa a cikin girman girman dabbobin matasa, ci gaban goiter.Zai yuwu a ba awaki da yawa idan wadataccen abinci yake da iodine.

Baya ga ciyawa masu guba, ciyawar ciyawa ta yaɗu sosai a cikin gonaki da wuraren kiwo, suna sa ciyayi su lalata babbar illa ga ingancinsa. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi yadudduka masu inganci daga ulu mai tsananin dumbin yawa tare da nau'ikan burrs, kuma masu shayarwa suna fama da asara. A cikin kiwo da akuya kiwo awaki, tsirrai masu tsini, wanda ke da tarin wuraren kiwo da hayfields, suna cutar da cutarwa. Irin waɗannan albarkatun gona sun haɗa da kuli-kuli, Velcro ya tsage, pinworm, ciyawar gashin feather. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da sauran sassan tsirrai suna manne da ulu, wanda ke lalata ingancinsa da rage yawan aiki.

Clogging tsire-tsire

• Alfaan ƙananan alfalfa, ko burdock na Crimean
• Gashin tsuntsu-gashi (tyrsa),
• Ruwan wuta
• Strawberry allura,
• Iswaƙi
• Goosebump,
• Velcro tef,
• Black tushen magani
• Mutumin Californian ɗan gingerbread,
• Ana jin burdock
• Jerin matakai-uku,
• Trailer

Ofayan ɗayan matakan da suka fi dacewa don hana guba da rufe ulu tare da burdock shine lalata ciyayi da tsire-tsire masu guba akan wuraren kiwo, makiyaya, ciyayi, da kuma tsakanin albarkatun gona. A cikin gonaki na awaki, weater, ciyawa masu guba dole ne a lalata kusa da gonaki, koshar, sansanonin, kusa da ƙauyuka da hanyoyin ruwa, da kuma hanyoyin shanun.